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    Exercise For Coordination

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    bpt2
    This document discusses coordination, coordination deficits, clinical features of cerebellar and basal ganglia dysfunction, and assessments of coordination. Coordination involves smooth, controlled movements and appropriate timing between muscle groups. Coordination can be impaired by conditions affecting the central nervous system like traumatic brain injury or multiple sclerosis. Cerebellar dysfunction causes symptoms like dysmetria and movement decomposition. Basal ganglia issues result in bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremors. Coordination is assessed through tests of gross and fine motor skills, both with and without equilibrium, to evaluate motor function and impairment.

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    Exercise For Coordination

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    bpt2
    14K views19 pages
    This document discusses coordination, coordination deficits, clinical features of cerebellar and basal ganglia dysfunction, and assessments of coordination. Coordination involves smooth, controlled movements and appropriate timing between muscle groups. Coordination can be impaired by conditions affecting the central nervous system like traumatic brain injury or multiple sclerosis. Cerebellar dysfunction causes symptoms like dysmetria and movement decomposition. Basal ganglia issues result in bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremors. Coordination is assessed through tests of gross and fine motor skills, both with and without equilibrium, to evaluate motor function and impairment.

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    Exercise for Coordination

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    This document discusses coordination, coordination deficits, clinical features of cerebellar and basal ganglia dysfunction, and assessments of coordination. Coordination involves smooth, controlled movements and appropriate timing between muscle groups. Coordination can be impaired by conditions affecting the central nervous system like traumatic brain injury or multiple sclerosis. Cerebellar dysfunction causes symptoms like dysmetria and movement decomposition. Basal ganglia issues result in bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremors. Coordination is assessed through tests of gross and fine motor skills, both with and without equilibrium, to evaluate motor function and impairment.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    14K views19 pages

    Exercise For Coordination

    Uploaded by

    bpt2
    This document discusses coordination, coordination deficits, clinical features of cerebellar and basal ganglia dysfunction, and assessments of coordination. Coordination involves smooth, controlled movements and appropriate timing between muscle groups. Coordination can be impaired by conditions affecting the central nervous system like traumatic brain injury or multiple sclerosis. Cerebellar dysfunction causes symptoms like dysmetria and movement decomposition. Basal ganglia issues result in bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremors. Coordination is assessed through tests of gross and fine motor skills, both with and without equilibrium, to evaluate motor function and impairment.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Exercise for coordination

    Coordination or coordinated movement : is


    the ability to execute smooth ,accurate,
    controlled motor responses
    Coordinated movement is characterized
    by appropriate speed,distance,direction
    ,timing,and muscular tension
    Involves appropriate synergistic influence
    ,easy reversal between opposing muscle
    groups,and proximal fixation to allow
    distal motion or to maintain posture
    Coordination deficits
    In CNS involvement includes
    • Traumatic brain injury
    • Parkinsonism
    • Multiple sclerosis
    • Cerebral palsy
    • Cerebrellar tumors
    • Vestibular pathology
    Clinical features of cerebrallar
    dysfunction
    • Hypotonia : reduced muscle tension below
    resting level

    • Dysmetria: Impaired ability to judge the


    distance or ROM

    • Tremor-(intension and postural tremor) An


    involuntary oscillatory movement
    • Movement decomposition:
    (dyssynergia)
    – performance of movement in a sequence of
    component parts rather than in single
    smooth activity

    • Disorder of gait

    • Dysarthria disorder in speech


    articulation (scanning speech)

    • Nystagmus: rhythmic,oscillatory
    movement of the eyes
    Clinical features of lesion to basal
    ganglia
    • Bradykinesia: Abnormal slow movts
    • Rigidity:increase in muscle tone-causing greater
    resistance to passive movt (lead pipe & cogwheel)
    • Tremor-resting tremor -
    • Akinesia –inability to initiate movt
    • Chorea-involuntary,rapid,irregular,jerky movts
    • Athetosis: slow involuntary movts twisting
    ‘wormlike’ movt
    • Dystonia-impaired or decreased tonicity
    Purpose of performing coordination
    assessment

    • Determine muscle activity characteristic


    during voluntary movement

    • Assess the ability of muscle or muscle group


    to work together to perform a task or
    functional activity

    • Determine the level of skill and efficiency of


    movement
    • Identify the ability to initiate ,control,and
    terminate action .

    • Determine the timing ,sequencing ,and


    accuracy of movement patterns.

    • Assist with establishing goals the diagnosis


    of underlying impairments, functional
    limitations,and disability.

    • Assist with establishing goals to remediate


    impairments,formulating outcomes
    • Determine effects of therapeutic and
    pharmacological intervention on motor
    function over time

    • Assist with determining prognosis.


    Assessment
    • Level or skill in activity

    • The occurrence of extraneous movements,


    oscillation ,swaying or unsteadiness.

    • Number of extremity involved

    • Distribution of coordination impairment


    (proximal or distal)
    • Situation that alters the coordination
    deficit

    • Amount of time required to perform an


    activity

    • Level of safety

    • History of any fall


    Coordination –Two main categories

    Gross motor activity Fine motor activity


    Assessment of Assessment of
    body posture Extremity movt concerned
    with
    Balance 1.small muscle
    Extremity movt E.g
    concerned with large muscle 1. buttoning
    E.g- 1.crawling, 2.kneeling 2. Writing
    3.Standing ,4.walking 3. Manipulating small object
    ,5.running
    Co-ordination sub divided into
    Non equilibrium
    • Finger to nose
    • Finger to therapist finger
    • Finger to finger
    • Alternate nose to finger
    • Finger opposition
    • Mass grasp
    • Pronation /Supination
    • Tapping (hand)
    Nonequilibrium

    •Tapping foot
    •Alternate heel to knee ;heel
    to toe
    •Toe to examiners finger
    •Heel to shin
    •Drawing a circle
    •Fixation or position holding
    equilibrium
    Standing in normal comfortable posture
    Standing feet together
    Standing with one foot directly in front of the
    other
    Standing on one foot
    Arm position altered in each posture
    Displace balance unexpectedly
    Standing alternate between forward trunk
    flexion and return to neutral position
    Standing with eye open and closed ability to
    maintain posture referred as positive Romberg
    test
    Standing in tandem position with eye open to eye
    closed (sharpened Romberg test)
    Walking,placing the heel of one foot directly in front
    of the toe of opposite foot (tandem walking )
    Walking in straight line drawn
    Walking sideways, backward ,or cross stepping
    March in place
    Step over or around obstacle
    Stair climbing with or without handrail
    Sequence for Training Neuromuscular
    Control

    obtain relaxation of all muscles that show a


    reflex hypertonic

    The patient is instructed to think about the


    motion while that motion is carried out
    passively by the therapist in order that the
    patient may feel the sensations produced
    EXERCISE FOR CO - ORDINATION
    • FRENKEL’S EXERCISES
    The process of learning this alternative method
    of control is similar to that required to learn
    any new exercise, the essential being:
    Concentration of the attention.
    Precision
    Repetition.
    PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUE
    • The patient is positioned and suitably
    clothed so that he can see the limbs
    throughout the exercise

    • A concise explanation and demonstration of


    the exercise is given before movement is
    attempted, to give the patient a clear mental
    picture of it

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