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    06 LL Ethernet

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    qurihan
    Ethernet is a widely used and inexpensive LAN technology that uses connectionless and unreliable transmission over shared medium. It uses CSMA/CD to detect collisions and implement retransmissions. The Ethernet frame format includes source and destination addresses, type field, error detection, and no length field. Higher level protocols must implement reliability.

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    06 LL Ethernet

    Uploaded by

    qurihan
    12 views5 pages
    Ethernet is a widely used and inexpensive LAN technology that uses connectionless and unreliable transmission over shared medium. It uses CSMA/CD to detect collisions and implement retransmissions. The Ethernet frame format includes source and destination addresses, type field, error detection, and no length field. Higher level protocols must implement reliability.

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    Ethernet is a widely used and inexpensive LAN technology that uses connectionless and unreliable transmission over shared medium. It uses CSMA/CD to detect collisions and implement retransmissions. The Ethernet frame format includes source and destination addresses, type field, error detection, and no length field. Higher level protocols must implement reliability.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    12 views5 pages

    06 LL Ethernet

    Uploaded by

    qurihan
    Ethernet is a widely used and inexpensive LAN technology that uses connectionless and unreliable transmission over shared medium. It uses CSMA/CD to detect collisions and implement retransmissions. The Ethernet frame format includes source and destination addresses, type field, error detection, and no length field. Higher level protocols must implement reliability.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    dominant LAN technology: cheap $20 for 100Mbs!

    ! first widely used LAN technology Simpler, cheaper than token LANs and ATM Kept up with speed race: 10, 100, 1000 Mbps Uses Manchester encoding or 4B/5B Encoding Exports a connectionless, unreliable service interface

    Ethernet

    Metcalfes Ethernet sketch

    Ethernet Service Interface


    Connectionless: No handshaking between sending and receiving adapter. Unreliable: Does not implement any reliable delivery protocol: Receiving adapter doesnt send acks or nacks to sending adapter
    stream of datagrams passed to network layer can have gaps. reliability must be implemented by upper layer protocols if desired otherwise, application will see the gaps

    Ethernet Frame Structure


    16 64

    48

    48

    46-1500 bytes

    32

    Preamble:

    Addresses: 6 bytes Type: Mux/Demux key

    7 bytes with pattern 10101010 followed by one byte with pattern 10101011 (start of frame flag) used to synchronize receiver, sender clock rates & to have the receiver detect the beginning of the frame

    CRC: Uses CRC-32 as EDC No Length Field! End of frame is detected by the lack of current on the link LL & PL are strictly tied to each other 3

    indicates the higher layer protocol

    Ethernet CSMA/CD algorithm


    New Frame Ready to send Backoff (2n *RTT)

    CS (LBT) Not Busy TxF CS (LWT)

    Busy

    after the n^th collision, adapter chooses a K at random from {0,1,2,,2^n-1}. Adapter waits K*512 bit times (random wait)
    Jam Signal: make sure all other transmitters are aware of collision; 48 bits;

    Collision

    Tx JAM Signal

    No Collision Tx Done

    CS Carrier Sense TxF Transmit Frame LBT Listen Before Talking LWT Listen While Talking

    Collision Detection (CD)


    For A to detect a collision, we have to assure that TxT > RTT. How?
    Small RTT (short link), long packet, or slow link A LBT

    B LBT B starts transmission here

    Suppose distance <= 2.5km


    Speed of Light C = 2*10^5 km/sec Then RTT < (2*2.5)/C = 25us 25us@10Mbps = 250 bits, which is about 30 bytes Thus the required minimum size, 46 bytes, for the payload of an Ethernet frame is sufficient to detect collision for 10 Mbps shared-medium

    Time

    TxT

    Also means that shared medium Ethernets of speeds 100Mbps or more are not practical. Thats why they use Point-to-Point dedicated physical layer

    A detects collision here

    B detects collision, sends JAM signal


    5

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