Research support services

Analytical Service Laboratories Implementation of full cost recovery scheme

Under the direction of the DDGR, ASL, in collaboration with the Finance Unit and DDGR consultant Tsung-Wei Lai, initiated the whole full cost recovery (FCR) process in February. A review of ASLs current operations and practices was used to estimate the units full operational costs. The new fees for ASL services were computed using activity-based costing principles in the FCR model (developed by Ms. Lai) and comparison with market prices (ASL Fig. 1). by the DDGR and Ms. Lai to IRRI clients on 20 Dec 2012 with stepwise price adjustments to be made to achieve FCR within the next 5 years. It also includes facility rental charges for sample preparation and other nonroutine services of ASL.

ASL Figure 3 shows that the bulk of completed analyses came from CESD (77%) and PBGB (14%) where multielement analysis by ICP-OES was most requested. Other assays, such as Kjeldahl N, ammonium and nitrate analysis and total N in waters, and C-13 in plants were frequently requested by IRRI customers.
C4C ES External 1% 1% GNQC 2% 5%

PBGB 14%

Analytical services
ASL completed 56,429 assays of 15,110 samples; these represent 94.5% of total assays requested and 89.8% of total samples received from various IRRI research programs. Plant and grain samples constituted the majority of the samples analyzed (72%), whereas soil and solution samples were 14% each (ASL Fig. 2).
Analyses (no.)
50,000 40530 (72%) 40,000 30,000

CESD 77%

CGIAR Cost Allocation Guidelines, 2008

Compare Market Pricing

ASL Fig. 3. Profile of completed analysis per OU.

Activity-Based Costing (ABC) Approach

FCR Model
FCR Pricing

Radioisotope Laboratory
ASL, through its radiation safety officer (RSO), conducted a Radiation Safety Course for IRRI sealedsource users in March. Seven participants from CESD successfully finished the course. Projects were assisted through the use of radioisotope laboratory facilities and liaison services of the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute. These include the following: Rice transformation using disease and pest resistance genes 1 of 24

ASL Fig. 1. FCR costing/pricing framework.

20,000 10,000 7876 (14%) 8023 (14%)

The cost items included in the FCR calculation are personnel (NRS and IRS salaries and benefits), consultants, supplies and services (contract and OT), service center charges (ITS), equipment depreciation, training, travel, and operational support services. The proposed schedule of fees for 2013 was presented

Soil

Plant

Solution

Sample type

ASL Fig. 2. Completed analysis per sample type.

IRRI Annual Report 2012

Research support services Greenhouse gas emission measurements The RSO also facilitated the application for IRRIs license to operate an X-ray facility for its two XRF units from the Department of Health, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Device Regulation, Radiation Health and Research, in coordination with PBGB and GQNC users.

Crop Research Informatics Laboratory Breeding informatics

Version 1 of the Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research (STAR) was released. STAR is being developed using R (for computation) and Java (for user interface). It has functions for data manipulation, generating randomization according to commonly used experimental designs, analyzing data from designed experiments, and conducting t-test, Chi-square test, and simple correlation and regression. It has been used in a few invited training courses conducted in the Philippines and overseas. Version 1 of the Quantitative Plant Improvement Tool (QPIT) was released. QPIT is being developed using R (for computation) and Java (for user interface). It has functions for data manipulation, analyzing single- and multisite breeding trials using fixed and mixed models, conducting linkage mapping using biparental populations, estimating genetic parameters using common mating designs, and constructing selection indexes, including the index for marker-assisted selection. Version 1 of FieldLab was released. FieldLab is a tool for data collection using mobile devices. It has been adopted by IRRI breeders and GCP IBP collaborating breeders. The Data Management and Analysis System (DMAS) is being developed. It is a web-based tool for data management and analysis. The ultimate goal is the development of an integrated and user-friendly system for plant breeders and geneticists. Currently, this tool has functions for querying ICIS DMS, detecting population

structure using parametric and nonparametric methods, and conducting association analysis using linear and linear mixed models, taking genetic relationship and population structure into account.

Population improvement
Three 8-parent base populations were developed by hand pollination. Two thousand S1 families are being tested. More than 4000 selected S0 plants were advanced through single seed descent. Seventy selected elite indica lines from IRRI and other institutes are being converted into male sterile lines. Thirty are in the BC2 stage; the rest are in BC1. The nuclear male sterile gene of an IR36 mutant line was fine-mapped.

Staff training
ASL staff participated in the following technical and safety training courses: Basic occupational safety and health training San ++ equipment method development and routine analysis Chemical safety training Proper use of fume hoods and handling chemical spills Other technical training attended by selected ASL staff included the San ++ equipment training in Breda, The Netherlands, in January (M. Santos and R. Chavez); the MP-AES equipment training, Agilent Technologies-Singapore in September (L. Molina, J. Lapis, and M. Santos); and in-house supervisory, data management, and effective presentation skills training (R. Gonzales). L. Molina conducted a customized IRRI Radiation Safety Course for sealed-source users in March and acted as one of the resource persons for the echo seminar on chemical safety for all IRRI laboratory staff with other RMQA officers.

COMMUNICATION AND PUBLICATIONS SERVICES

Through its visual media, editorial, publishing, Web, and creative support services, CPS designs, packages, and produces a variety of information materials carrying IRRIs messages for various audiences and provides a spectrum of communication services for the Institute.

Traditional book and publication publishing

Through CPS assistance, IRRI produced 11 titles in 2012, including 10 scientific books, one technical bulletin; and the 2011 annual report on DVD and the Web. Also produced were four issues of Rice Today; three issues of Rice Research for Intensified Production and Prosperity in Lowland Ecosystems 2 of 24

IRRI Annual Report 2012

Research support services (RIPPLE), three issues of the STRASA Newsletter, and one issue of CURE Matters. Currently, around nine scientific book titles are in the production queue for 2013 and beyond. Web publishing and IRRIs Internet footprint Social media In 2012, IRRI continued to incorporate an online presence on certain social networks and social media. Recognizing that an Internet footprint cannot alone be done by its institutional Web site, IRRI is reaching out to and engaging with its stakeholders and beneficiaries using social media channels and social network sites via online platforms and devices when applicable. For media assets and publications, we are using Google Books (446 publications uploaded with more than 1,592,504 title views, with nearly 17.2 million page views across these titles) Flickr (61,599 images uploaded with nearly 3 million total views; 1,200 average daily views) YouTube (to date, nearly 600 videos uploaded with more than 750,000 total views) Scribd (1,392 publications uploaded with 589,552 total views) Soundcloud or IRRI Radio (1,252 total listens). The top three listener countries are the Philippines, the United States, and India. New IRRI.ORG strategy Enhancements to the Web site were initiated in 2012; these cover both content of the site and the system that runs it. Deeper, more technical and peripheral/supporting information that used to be in the IRRI Web site will now be housed in separate and more content-type-appropriate platforms, all of which make up the IRRI Web system. A prototype was presented to various levels of management and IRRI stakeholders and was subsequently approved in line with managements goal to make IRRIs Web presence donor-friendly. To be launched in 2013, the new IRRI.ORG site will focus more on IRRIs success stories. IRRI.ORG statistics Visits to the site in 2012 were 639,739, an average of about 1,752 visits per day for the year. Of these, there were 1.6 million page views, averaging 2.5 pages per visit. Each visit lasted an average of 2.42 minutes. Demographics. Visitors to the site came from 215 states, countries, or territories. The sites global reach is dominated by Asia: South Asia, Southeast Asia, then followed by North America, Eastern Asia, and Western Europe. India, the Philippines, and the United States, in that order, continue to be the top three countries accessing the site. Combined, the Asian continent accounted for 66% of all visits. Search and how visitors find us. Traffic to the site that came from search engines came mostly from South and Southeast Asia. India, the Philippines, together with Pakistan and Bangladesh, accounted for 44.5% of search traffic. There was a growing number of search from Turkey and Egypt, combined at 7%. The number of visitors from these countries was negligible in previous years. The United States and the United Kingdom combined accounted for 8.7% of search traffic. Overall, sources and medium of traffic came from search engines dominated by Google, which sent 65.77% of total traffic. Referrals from other sites, such as social networks, crept into the analytics radar, contributing 1.42%of overall traffic in 2012. Devices and what visitors use to access the site. A growing number of mobile devices are accessing the site. From less than 1% in 2011, it grew to 2.5% this year.

Communication support
CPS provides communication support for the entire Institute, including editing, graphic design, art and illustration, audio-visual, photography, video, and printing. For example, in 2012, 61,599 new digital photographs were produced, 35 video programs were produced, and 15 shorter clips were provided for the Bulletin (IRRIs weekly newsletter for staff, BOT, and alumni) and PowerPoint presentations. Also, in 2012, graphic artists produced 80 illustrations, laid out 2,679 pages for publications, and prepared and printed 336 posters on the CPS largeformat printer. IRRI editors worked on more than 3,000 pages for refereed journal articles, more than 1,100 pages appearing in IRRIs scientific books, plus 17 pages for the International Rice Research Notes, four issues each of Rice Today, three issues of RIPPLE, and nearly 3,900 pages of additional conference papers, abstracts, proposals, posters, donor reports, concept notes, press releases, and other items.

Experiment Station
The Experiment Station continued its journey to supply quality, timely, and efficient service to researchers at IRRI.

IRRI Annual Report 2012

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Research support services

Field activities
The total area of research plots exceeded 250 ha for the first time in recent memory. The area of production rice declined to less than 40 ha. Registered seed production began in the dry season of 2013, with 5 ha planted to varieties Rc238, Rc240, and Rc18.

Surveying
A complete electromagnetic soil survey of ES was conducted in May 2012. This identifies the variation in soil characteristics across ES, with fine spatial resolution. Further work will be done in 2013 to refine this survey and make it freely available to IRRI researchers. A digital topographical survey was completed, locating all boundaries and features to within 23 cm.

in the lowland. It also carries the precision-monitoring equipment in the first stage of development of the high-throughput phenotyping method.

Infrastructure
The first stage of pollen barriers was erected in the MN series to allow the hybrid program to better use the area. The first drainage-recycling pipeline was installed in the G series, conveying water back to the H series reservoir. The first drainage inlets were manufactured and installed in the M series, allowing easier and more precise drainage control, particularly better retention of rainfall events. The major arterial roads were stabilized, making them smoother and requiring much lower maintenance than before. The installation of wide bunds continued, but an alternate approach, a dedicated laneway that is a little elevated above the field, looms as more applicable, given the limited soil available to build the wide bunds. Finally, all ES staffin Crop Production, Field Maintenance, Mechanical Shop, Bioenvironment, Rice Mill, and Administrationhave continued to work hard to service the wide range of requirements of researchers and visitors. Given the improvement projects under way, much of the year was spent under time pressure of varying descriptions. All have responded admirably to the challenges as they came and dealt with all of them as promptly, courteously, and efficiently as possible. It is a pleasure to work with such staff. 4 of 24

Personnel
Both researchers and importantly contract workers now have the ability to choose between two different providers of manual laborTOP GEM and AsiaPro. In future, this will give researchers the ability to choose a provider based on the cost and level of service they provide, and workers can choose according to the work pay and conditions that each provider offers. Sixteen ES staff chose to take advantage of a targeted separation package, leaving ES in December. Recruitment to fill up some of these positions is under way.

Equipment
A precision plot seeder was acquired in 2012 and completed its first seeding season in the dry season of 2013. One of the tractors (John Deere 6830) was fitted with GPS autosteer to better guide pesticide application and achieve precision monitoring for high-throughput phenotyping, particularly seeding operations. A small head-feeding combine was acquired and put through the first stage of alterations and testing to become a medium-grade plot combine for breeding programs and agronomic research. Subsequent stages will seek to make it a highgrade plot combine. Two walk-behind transplanters were acquired; they have completed their first season of transplanting in the dry season of 2013. The Duncan seeder was refitted with single disc openers to seed rice, maize, or other crops at a precise soil depth in cultivated or uncultivated soil. The 26-m-wide boom has gradually exerted more of an influence, with pesticide application in the upland, on wide bunds, and dedicated laneways

Training
Three Mechanical Shop staff spent 2 wk at Tractorco in Bacolod, Negros, upgrading their skills in tractor reconditioning, general mechanics, and workshop practice. Fourteen ES staff (plus four staff from PBGB and one from GRC) completed training in seed production and are now certified seed growers by the Bureau of Plant Industry-National Seed Quality and Control Services of the Department of Agriculture.

IRRI Annual Report 2012

Research support services

Library and Documentation Service

The IRRI Library and Documentation Service (LDS) continued to make changes for the better. The year was dominated by the weeding project and digitization activitiesthe goal is to withdraw as many duplicate materials that are no longer of use while at the same time digitize the rice collection and the archives. The weeding project is a continuous effort to free up space needed for renovation slated in 2013. The archives project, which involves more than 2 million pages of archival materials, is near completion. We have lost staff but we got new people after LDS was merged with Information Technology Services under the direction of the new chief information officer. In addition to providing general services (LDS Table 1), we are constantly experimenting with new services and resources, most significantly for the future, which will lead to improved library services, resources, and processes.

LDS Table 1. Key performance indicators of general services provided by LDS in 2012. Indicator Circulation Book loans to IRRI staff Books used Print journals used New Library users Walk-in clients Document requests By IRRI staff By CG libraries By other countries (including the Philippines) Cataloging Books catalogued New theses Titles weeded-out Acquisitions Books purchased Serials received (free/exchanged) New journals New database (JStor) Rice Bibliography Articles indexed PDFs linked PDF downloads Library visitors Web visitors Walk-in visitors 3775 4031 1925 89 2686 670 464 120 506 26 1320 151 1144 2 1 7987 5326 6301 9206 2883

in 2012. The outdated materials were donated to other libraries and the rest converted into electronic formats. In the middle of the year, the Library also managed to subscribe to two new journal titles based on current demand by staff. JStor, the social science database, was also added to the Librarys list of electronic databases.

Circulation
The Library saw a total of 2,686 patron visits during the year. Book loans were provided to staff (3, 775, slightly lower than last years 4,208). Eighty-nine new library users registered in 2012. The Library has changed its policy of charging fines for overdue materials. This meant that Library clients will no longer pay any penalty for not returning or renewing materials on time. Part of the library service then is the provision of a photocopying machine for users. This service was replaced by a scan-to-email procedure wherein clients will have articles in electronic format forwarded to their email addresses. There were 224 users who availed of this service.

Library collection
The Library is still well used by IRRI staff and other clients who access a huge range of journals, books, and other materials in both print and electronic formats. Five hundred and six new books in print and electronic formats were added to the Library collection (through purchase or subscriptions). An additional 26 rice theses were acquired, bringing the total to 5,774 titles. Also added to the catalog were 28 free electronic journals, smaller than last years 59 new titles; the total number of free e-journals reached 1,928.

Interlibrary loans and document delivery

The Rice Bibliography staff have indexed and added 7,987 new rice articles to the rice database: the entire rice article collection now stands at 285,028 titles. Moreover, the unit managed to link 5,326 pdf and downloaded 6,301 rice articles from journal subscriptions and other free resources online. The AV Learning Center, which used to house the LDS audio-visual collections, was discontinued A total of 670 documents were requested by IRRI staff and researchers. Most of the articles were obtained from the Librarys own holdings, whereas the rest came from other libraries in the CG and from authors themselves. Majority of the requests were fulfilled within a day; in other instances, it took 1 to 3 days at most. The Library also fulfilled a total of 584 document requests from CGIAR libraries and other countries. 5 of 24

IRRI Annual Report 2012

Research support services

Visitors
The Library had 22 orientation tours for a total of 197 visitors for the year. These included newly hired staff, scholars, trainees, and students from other institutions. They were briefed on library resources, services, and facilities. The Library Web site also received 18,976 page views with 3,318 unique visitors in 2012.

Some examples follow:

Date 20 Jan 27 Feb 20 Apr 26 May 18 Jul 3 Oct 9 Oct 19 Dec Title Simple bags save the harvest IRRI rolls out high-yielding rice Trial for vitamin A rich rice soon New rice crisis cannot be ruled out: research group Scientists find rice 'chalk' gene, eye yield rise Rice research starts to pay off Time to wake up on rice, secret weapon against Asian upheaval Scientists ramp up sequencing of rice varieties Media outlet Voice of America Manila Bulletin Daily Star (Bangladesh) AFP The Straits Times (Singapore) Viet Nam News The Australian SciDev.Net

Special projects
Digitization As part of the Librarys digitization project, selected personnel were tapped to handle the scanning of rice theses and articles from various journals. For 2012, 465 thesis titles and 4,763 articles from journals were scanned. Already linked, these were made available in the Library catalog and rice database. The IRRI archive In July 2012, the IRRI archive was formally turned over to the Library from the Procurement and Materials Management Services. Under this project, more than 2 million pages of IRRI documents have been scanned.

Knowledge management Electronic record management Supervisory training Effective presentation skills Information security management system

Book donations
As part of IRRIs outreach project and in coordination with HCCRO, the Library has donated 150 boxes of duplicate books and journals to other institutions. The Cavite State University, the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao, and the Bicol State University were some of the recipients.

Staff training
The rapid development in the information industry requires library staff to continuously upgrade and update their knowledge and skills. To ensure this, Library staff regularly participated in training courses such as the following: irri.org Microsoft Office 2010 training

Grain Quality and Nutrition Center

Quality evaluation services
Completed quality data for 12,192 samples from 2011 backlog plus 33,201 samples submitted

in 2012, resulting in a total of 45,393 samples analyzed in 2012. A recovery of $215,676 from a total of 130,499 analyses for 2012. Rice quality evaluation included milling potential score, head rice yield, physical characteristics by the Cervitec 1625 Grain Inspector (% whole/broken grains, degree of chalkiness, grain length and width), gelatinization temperature, amylose content, gel consistency, viscosity measurements using the Rapid Visco Analyzer, and aroma by gas chromatography. Conducted one-on-one training on rice quality evaluation techniques for 1. Ms. Yap Yun Ci of Sime Darby Group (29-30 Mar 2012) 2. Ms. Shahara Anderson of Rice Technology Solutions (21-25 May 2012) 3. Mr. Seth Graham-Acquaah of AfricaRice (5-9 Nov 2012)

IRRI Annual Report 2012

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Research support services

Development of the IRRI laboratory information management system (LIMS)

The project started in June 2012 and is scheduled to be completed in March 2013. Included in the project are MMAL, RTL, GQNC, and SHU. The core group, which is headed by Dr. Mike Thomson, is composed of Maria Ymber Reveche, Norman Oliva, Manfred Cardenas, and Roslen Anacleto. Collaboration also extends to GRC, represented by Dr. Ruraidh Sackville-Hamilton and Grace Capilit, specifically for the material transfer workflow and record keeping, and with the PBGB data management group, represented by Mylah Rystie Anacleto for IRIS documentation.

Research activities
Studies to understand factors affecting in vitro bioavailability of minerals in rice were completed. Feeding trials were conducted in collaboration with Dr. Julie Pua-Ferraz and Dr. Divina Christy Redondo. Both medical doctors specialize in the management of diabetic patients. Three varieties of rice supplied by IRRI were used to test the impact of glycemic index on blood sugar status of Filipino participants with and without Type II diabetes. An IRRI sensory panel of 25 has been established. The panelists have participated in several competency-based tasting activities as part of the screening process and are capable of conducting discrimination testing. This means that they can now differentiate various rice samples from each other. They will undergo further training to be able to perform descriptive profiling of rice samples, which allows for further exploration of rice quality traits.

The association between cooking and sensory properties of rice and the alleles of the Waxy gene in a geographically diverse set of rice germplasm from GRC was investigated. Texture profiling using the texture analyzer (TA. XT-plus) was conducted on freshly cooked and retrograded rice grains from two sample sets: (1) 218 lines coming from a population derived from two rice varieties with very distinct eating properties and (2) around 160 rice samples selected by GRC based on geographic and genetic diversity. The rare fragrance allele in fragrant rice varieties has been identified. The amount of a major aromatic compound, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, was measured by gas chromatography in an advanced population of inbred lines.

Riceworld Museum and Learning Center

The Riceworld Museum reopened in January 2012 after closing in October 2011 to make way for an improved Rice Gallery area, which comprised a third of the Museums exhibition space. The Riceworld Museum and Learning Center was able to assist and participate in the following exhibitions: PhilRices Rice Self-Sufficiency Run, UPLB19 Feb SSD Open House Exhibit, 25 April Golden Rice Exhibit, Philippine Society of Nutritionists/Dieticians Annual Convention, Tagaytay City17 to 18 May Wonderama, Syensaya, UPLB17 to 20 July DA-BAR Anniversary, SM Megamall, Manila9 to 12 Aug

6th International Hybrid Rice Symposium, Hyderabad, India10 to 12 Sep Farmers Field Day, UPLB17 and 18 October Science Week, UP Rural High School22 to 25 Oct ADB World Food Event, Asian Development Bank, Mandaluyong City15 and 16 October 8th National Biotechnnology Week, Quezon City26 to 30 Nov IRRI Alumni 50th year Anniversary Exhibit, Harrar Hall4 Nov to 4 Dec SEAMEO INNOTECH, Mandaluyong City11 to 13 Dec On 11 May, Lao PDR Prime Minister Thongsing Thammavong visited the Museum and donated personal rice farming tools, which are now in display. The Riceworld Museum staff participated in planning workshops in Thailand and Singapore and assisted in the development of an international rice exhibition spearheaded by centers under the Asia Pacific Network of Science and Technology. The unit also helped document and register the Vicente Manansala paintings at IRRI with the National Museum as important cultural properties of the Philippines.

Events, Visitors, and Exhibits Office

The Institute welcomed 38,318 visitors in 2012. These included distinguished guests such as His Excellency, Thongsing Thammavong, prime minister of the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic; 11mbassadors; 121 government officials; various members of the diplomatic community and representatives of donor and international organizations, including the United States Agency for International Development, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Asian 7 of 24

IRRI Annual Report 2012

EVEO Table 2. IRRI visitors, by group, in 2012. Visitor group Students Faculty members, university Staff, parents Donors UN agencies, CGIAR, TAC, etc. Scientists, researchers Private sector Media Farmers Government office representatives Government officials/politicians Nongovernment organizations Religious groups Conference participants Tourists Others Total Philippines 27798 1142 32 7 74 782 11 1650 2464 14 146 128 46 157 478 34,929 Asia 623 490 54 23 60 267 22 55 104 105 35 90 0 703 167 2,798 USA 114 13 12 3 7 9 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 13 43 219 South America 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 North America 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 13 Australia 16 1 11 0 2 2 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 37 Europe 116 6 4 10 12 18 9 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 40 220 Africa 0 1 0 2 1 72 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 86 Other countries 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 14 Total 28,668 1,653 113 45 156 1,151 43 1,705 2,581 121 182 236 46 875 743 38,318

Development Bank , World Bank, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, and the Australian Agency for International Development.

Distinguished visitors
Members of the diplomatic corps H.E. Majeda Rafiqun Nessa, ambassador of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh to the Philip- pines, 10 Feb H.E. Malayvieng Sakonhninhom, ambassador of the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic to the Philip- pines, 24 Feb H.E. Prasas Prasasvinitchai, ambassador of the Kingdom of Thailand to the Philippines and Mr. Monton Chansiri, second secretary, Embassy

of the Kingdom of Thailand in the Philippines, 10 Apr H.E. Bill Tweddell, ambassador of Australia to the Philippines, 26 Apr H.E. Nguyen Vu Tu, ambassador of Viet Nam to the Philippines, 30 Apr H.E. Ivo Sieber, ambassador of the Swiss Confed- eration to the Philippines; Mr. Willi Graf, alternate governor for the Swiss Confederation at the Asian Development Bank and deputy head of regional cooperation, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, 2 May H.E. Aliasghar Mohammadi, ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Philippines and

Mr. Seyed Absulrasool Shabibi, deputy chief of mission, Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Philippines, 20 Sep H.E. Toshinao Urabe, ambassador of Japan to the Philippines and Mr. Ryutaro Aoki, first secretary (agriculture), Embassy of Japan in the Philippines, 9 Nov H.E. Nawalage Bennet Cooray, ambassador of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka to the Philippines, 13 Dec Legislators and government officials H.E. Hoang Binh Quan, member of the Central Committee and head of the External Relations 8 of 24

IRRI Annual Report 2012

Research support services Sub-Committee of the Central Committee Communist Party of Viet Nam, 9 Mar Mr. Shyama Prasad Bepari, joint secretary and project director and Mr. Targhibul Islam, Ministry of Information and Communication Technology, 27 Apr H.E. Thongsing Thammavong, prime minister of the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic, 11 May Hon. Armida Salsiah Alisjahbana, minister for national development planning, Republic of Indonesia, 4 May Hon. Professor Dr. Emil Salim, former state minister for environment, Republic of Indonesia, 4 May Dr. Kazuyuki Yagi, Division of Carbon and Nutrients Cycling, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, and Mr. Hiroki Kondou, International Research Division, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council Secretariat, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Japan, 19 Aug Hon. Shri Ashish Bahuguna, secretary, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation and Party, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, 8 Nov Representatives of various organizations Mr. Wolfgang Mllers, deputy regional director, and Ms. Alicia Borgbhmer, junior country manager, Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH, 1 Feb Mr. Hector Thomas Navasero, chief investment officer, Teledata (Singapore) Ltd., 8 Feb Delegation from ECC International (ECCI) and the Asia Society for Social Improvement and Sustainable Transformation (ASSIST), 9 Feb Mr. Ian Makin, principal water resources specialist; Mr. Dennis Von Custodio, consultant; and Ms. Arlene Inocencio, consultant, Asian Development Bank, 15 Feb Dr. Federico Cuevas, vice president, Research and Development, and Dr. Russell Rasmussen, head, Trait and Technology Unit, RiceTec, Inc., 21 Feb Dr. Pai-Yei Whung, science adviser, Agriculture and Rural Development, Sustainable Development Network, World Bank, Washington, D.C., 7 Mar Mr. Cesar Bautista, economic development specialist from World Vision Development Foundation, Inc. and party, 8 Mar Delegates from Rio Tinto, 19 Mar Dr. V Satyadev, crop research lead Rice, Advanta India Limited, 26 Mar Delegation from John Deere Asia and CL Follosco Group, Inc., 27 Mar Dr. Duong thanh Tai, vice general director, Research Southern Seed Corporation, 27 Mar Dr. Ernst Vrancken, global development manager, Rice CropDesign N.V., and Dr. Kevin Mller, global project manager rice yield, BASF Plant Science Company, 28 Mar Dr. Shuichi Sato, irrigation planning expert, Japan International Cooperation Agency, 29 Mar Dr. Prabhu Pingali, deputy director, Agriculture Development Division, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Inc., 12 Apr Ms. Guyon Karan, biotech program leader, Pioneer Hi-Bred Philippines, Inc., 7 May Dr. Andrew Reed, director of regulatory affairs, BASF Plant Science Company, 18 May Dr. Padma Priya Sahu, curriculum developer, John Deere Pune Works, 7 Jun Ms. Octavia Borthwick, minister counsellor, Australian Agency for International Development, 26 Jun Dr. Lingyu Zhang, supply laboratory manager, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., 18 Jul Mr. Diosdado Banatao, founder and managing partner, Tallwood Venture Capital, 7 Aug Mr. Peter Kennedy, managing director, CLSA Capital Partners, 3 Sep Mr. John Hassell, business development and research manager, Asia, and Mr. Gordon Welch Koch, agronomic services, LLC, 21 Sep Engr. Jason Caperia, research and development process engineer, and Mr. Ronald John Autriz, research and development specialist, Marigold Manufacturing Corp., 25 Sep Mr. Hans-Joachim Wegfahrt, country head, Bayer CropScience, Inc., Philippines, 26 Sep Mr. Tran Cao Anh Tai, sales manager, and Mr. Jay Lupanggo, technical manager, Sinochem Crop Protection (Phils.), Inc., 27 Sep Mr. Alwin Schuchmann, principal advisor, Rural Development Programme IV, and party, Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH, 30 Sep Ms. Hlne Delille, attach for scientific cooperation, and Mr. Christian Mrer, counsellor for cooperation and cultural affairs Embassy of the Republic of France to the Philippines, 1 Oct Mr. David Alberto Lobo, general manager, Crop Protection, Sumitomo Chemical Singapore Pte Ltd, 11 Oct Mr. Kinyua Mbijjewe, corporate affairs lead, Africa, and Ms. Charina Garrida-Ocampo, corporate affairs lead, Philippines, Monsanto Company, 15 Oct 9 of 24

IRRI Annual Report 2012

Dr. Masayoshi Saito, program director, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 18 Oct Dr. Glenn Denning, director, Center on Globaliza- tion and Sustainable Development, The Earth Institute, Columbia University, 29 Oct Dr. Gary Atlin, senior program officer, Agricultural Research and Development, Global Development, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 212 Nov Mr. Sidney Wells Bardwell, director of strategic marketing for Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and South Africa, and Mr. Sadalgekar Kedar Prabhakar, manager of strategic marketing for Asia, John Deere Asia (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., 22 Nov Mr. Ryoji Kudo, general manager, Audit Office, and Mr. Takeshi Usuku, assistant manager, Finance Office, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 3 Dec Dr. Vipula Shukla, senior program officer, Discovery Research, Agricultural Development, Research and Development, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, 20 Dec Media Mr. Michael Haenel, science reporter, ARD TV, Germany, and Dr. Josef Settele, research scientist, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchUFZ, 11 Jan Mr. Dirk Peter Jrg Steffens, presenter, ZDF German Television, 17 Feb Mr. Julian Wainwright, photographer, Bloomberg, 23 Feb Mr. Ernst Herb, Asia correspondent, Finanz und Wirtschaft (Zurich), 23 Feb Ms. Juka Kawaai, producer, Television Trust for the

Environment Japan, TVE Japan, 28 Feb Ms. Thin Lei Win, journalist, Thomson Reuters, 19 Mar Mr. Lucian Haas, science reporter, German Public Radio (Deutschlandfunk), 7 May Mr. Pedro Uchi, producer and cameraman; Mr. Peter Blaza, writer and coordinator; Mr. Oscar Abunyawan, soundman; and Ms. Cheryl Ravelo, photographer, Reuters, 30 Aug Mr. Gabriel Kahn, reporter, Radio France Internationale, 25 Sep Mr. Michael Francisco, senior editor, Nature Biotechnology, 23 Oct

Mr. Rolf Dieter Lorenz, reporter, Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk (MDR) Television, 29 Oct Mr. Gilles Van Kote, journalist, Le Monde, 26 Nov Ms. Dindin Reyes, production director, OnMedia Creative Solutions, Inc., 6 Dec

Events
In 2012, EVEO handled 239 events. There was an average of 16-20 events a month. During the year, IRRI hosted or cosponsored regional and international conferences, workshops, and symposia that attracted numerous participants from various countries (EVEO Table2).

EVEO Table 2. International and regional conferences, workshops, symposia, and meetings hosted or cosponsored by IRRI in 2012. Date 24-26 Jan 6-10 Feb 22-23 Feb 24 Feb 27 Mar 11-13 Apr 4-6 Jun Title GRiSP MET/ Breeding Informatics Workshop CGIAR HRS Heads Meeting Week Planning Workshop for the Consortium on Ecological Intensification of Rice-Based Production Systems IRRI Fund Singapore AGM & BOD Meeting HRDC Annual Meeting IRRI Board of Trustees Meeting Workshop for the Remote Sensing-Based Information for Insurance of Crops in Emerging Economies Project 20-21 Jun 31 Jul 7-8 Aug 8-12 Oct 13 Oct 29-31 Oct IRRI-Syngenta Workshop Golden Rice Meeting Golden Rice Review and Planning Workshop GRiSP Asia Review and Global Forum GRiSP Oversight Committee Meeting TRRC-WG2 and JIRCAS Joint Workshop 20 20 40 60 15 4 4 4 19 8 15 Participants (no.) 32 15 20 15 66 15 20 Countries represented (no.) 6 5 3 2 10 11 9

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Date 8-9 Nov 15 Nov 22-24 Nov 28-29 Nov 4 Dec 11-13 Dec 17-19 Dec 2012 IRRI Young Scientists Conference Internal WG on Sustainability Meeting

Title

Participants (no.) 200 20 45 50 20 35 70

Countries represented (no.) 2 10 2 2 4 9

2nd Global Rice Phenotyping Network Workshop Managing Information and Knowledge in Delivering Impact Across the Project Cycle Sustainability WG Meeting Golden Rice Meeting C4 Rice Annual Meeting

Seed Health Unit

The Seed Health Unit (SHU), as the single gateway for safe and efficient germplasm exchange and distribution, processes incoming and outgoing rice seeds/grains, nonseed biological materials (NSBM), materials other than seed, and soil samples for phytosanitary certification and post-entry clearance. In addition, SHU also assists Plant Quarantine Service in monitoring crop health, disposals and movements/ transfers of trangenic and wild rices. Furthermore, SHU facilitates the processing of transgenic rice seeds/grains and NSBM. Both incoming and outgoing seed shipments are accompanied by an appropriate Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). the highest number of shipments (254) and highest number of seedlots (15,986). SHU also issued 24 phytosanitary certificates covering 1,188 transgenic seedlots (7.8 kg) sent to eight countries worldwide (SHU Table 2). By region, Europe, Central Asia, and North America received the highest number of shipments, eight shipments per region. Europe and Central Asia received the highest number of seedlots (951). Furthermore, 46 phytosanitary certificates covering 32,647seedlots (748.8 kg) were also issued to INGER-PBGB for their nursery seed distribution; the seeds were sent to 25 countries (SHU Table 3). By region, East Asia got the most shipments (15), whereas South Asia obtained the highest number of seedlots (16,933). The different fungi detected, along with number of affected seedlots and detection level, are shown in SHU Table 4. Routine seed health tests conducted on 8,035 nontreated, nontransgenic outgoing seedlots showed that Curvularia spp. affected 96.7% of the seedlots while Pyricularia oryzae affected only 1.3%. Nontransgenic rice seeds were cleaned for objects of quarantine importance, tested for health, and treated with the prescribed ASEAN standard seed treatment for ricehot water 52-57 C/15 min. This was followed by fungicide slurry treatment with benomyl and mancozeb, both at 0.1% by seed weight, except for countries that do not allow seed treatment. Fumigation with phosphine was also done on all outgoing seeds. The health status of 3,840 seedlots from the T.T. Chang Genetic Resources Center was evaluated before storage. The different fungi detected with corresponding detection level and number of affected seedlots are shown in SHU Table 5. Routine seed health testing of 3,000 nontreated seedlots revealed that Curvularia spp. affected 99.9% of the seedlots and Tilletia barclayana affected only 0.13%. Nonseed biological materials Through SHU, a total of 231 shipments covering 22,709 various nontransgenic samples were pro11 of 24

Phytosanitary certification
Rice seeds/grains In 2012, SHU issued 641 phytosanitary certificates covering 70,568 nontransgenic seedlots (5,193.82 kg), which were sent to 54 countries worldwide (SHU Table 1). By region, Southeast Asia received

IRRI Annual Report 2012

Research support services

SHU Table 1. Distribution, by region and country, of rice seeds/grains exported by IRRI, 2012. Region/country East Asia (5) Hongkong Japan Korea South China, PR Taiwan Subtotal Europe and Central Asia (13) Austria Belgium France Germany Italy Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom USSR Subtotal Latin America (5) Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Surinam Uruguay Subtotal North America (2) Canada USA Subtotal Oceania (1) Australia Subtotal Total shipments (no.) 1 19 8 44 5 77 1 5 3 10 3 6 1 2 1 1 3 7 1 44 5 9 1 1 1 17 1 36 37 11 11 Total seedlots (no.) 1 378 6,448 3,302 166 10,295 1 55 8 389 40 1,378 3,861 60 1 20 2,439 553 145 8,950 1,523 1,083 8 5 50 2,669 1 3,257 3,258 1,014 1,014 Total weight (kg) 0.014 2.480 265.581 31.091 2.230 301.396 0.014 195.878 0.114 11.212 0.385 15.766 102.400 720.115 0.012 0.450 32.626 7.744 0.345 1,087.061 10.645 7.018 3.100 0.060 0.050 20.873 0.012 18.703 18.715 13.550 13.550

Region/country South Asia (5) Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Subtotal Southeast Asia (9) Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Subtotal Sub-Sahara Africa (9) Burundi Congo Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Mozambique Senegal South Africa Tanzania Subtotal West Africa (1) Benin Subtotal West Asia and North Africa (4) Egypt Iran Iraq Turkey Subtotal Grand total

Total shipments (no.) 28 100 10 5 6 149 2 8 2 7 1 205 6 8 15 254 1 1 3 1 7 7 3 1 12 36 9 9 2 2 2 1 7 641

Total seedlots (no.) 2,819 11,014 566 960 627 15,986 184 515 217 356 134 19,457 79 1,043 1,340 23,325 83 56 200 60 481 410 1,158 32 1,836 4,316 565 565 59 59 36 36 190 70,568

Total weight (kg) 164.160 277.685 23.264 17.230 40.710 523.049 13.450 77.090 9.100 4.870 13.400 2,838.615 1.693 16.622 100.620 3,075.460 .830 .667 7.940 .890 7.305 10.699 30.500 .395 72.165 131.391 20.476 20.476 .069 .180 1.200 .400 1.849 5,193.820

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Research support services

SHU Table 2. Distribution, by region and country, of transgenic seeds/ grains exported by IRRI, 2012. Region/country Europe and Central Asia (3) Germany Netherlands United Kingdom Subtotal North America (2) Canada USA Subtotal Oceania (1) Australia Subtotal South Asia (1) Bangladesh Subtotal Southeast Asia (1) Philippines Subtotal Grand total Total shipments (no.) 3 2 3 8 1 7 8 2 2 1 1 5 5 24 Total seedlots (no.) 917 8 26 951 4 83 87 82 82 29 29 39 39 1,188 Total weight (kg) 2.055 0.016 0.067 2.138 0.014 3.143 3.157 0.560 0.560 0.210 0.210 1.700 1.700 7.765 Region/country Europe and Central Asia (2) Portugal Russia Subtotal Latin America (3) Colombia Costa Rica Surinam Subtotal South Asia (5) Bangladesh Bhutan India Nepal Sri Lanka Subtotal Southeast Asia (6) Indonesia Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Thailand Vietnam Subtotal SHU Table 3. Distribution, by region and country, of rice seeds (nursery sets) exported by IRRI through INGER-PBGB, 2012. Region/country East Asia (4) Korea N Korea S China, PR Taiwan Subtotal Total shipments (no.) 1 1 12 1 15 Total seedlots (no.) 675 668 2,076 711 4,130 Total weight (kg) 15.500 14.100 50.400 16.800 96.800 Sub-Sahara Africa (1) Kenya Subtotal West Asia and North Africa (4) Afghanistan Egypt Iran Saudi Arabia Subtotal Grand total 46 32,647 748.755 Total shipments (no.) 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 Total seedlots (no.) 202 489 691 294 212 384 890 Total weight (kg) 3.900 13.500 17.400 9.800 6.500 9.300 25.600

4 1 1 1 1 8 1 2 1 1 3 5 13 1 1 1 1 1 1 4

2,199 405 12,575 877 877 16,933 591 776 1,074 384 2,590 2,994 8,409 195 195 128 555 626 90 1,399

54.880 8.800 276.500 17.800 21.000 378.980 13.900 20.200 25.900 7.700 54.400 66.050 188.150 2.925 2.925 4.000 13.700 18.200 3.000 38.900

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Research support services

SHU Table 4. Seedborne pathogens detected on untreated outgoing seeds received by SHU for phytosanitary certification, 2012. Pathogen Affected seedlotsa (%) 96.71 85.60 78.43 44.08 40.27 18.79 14.14 8.40 6.01
b

SHU Table 5. Seedborne pathogens detected on untreated GRC seeds for long-term storage in 2012. Pathogen Affected seedlotsa (%) 99.93 98.17 94.60 56.30 42.10 41.43 33.17 7.50 3.73
b

Detection level (%) 1 80 1 92 1 92 1 56 1 76 1 36 1 12 1 13 1 82 1 20 1 47

Mean value (%) 16.17 15.27 7.21 5.96 6.97 1.88 1.68 1.90 3.71 3.46 7.55

Detection level (%) 1 78 1 72 1 86 1 17 1 47 1 30 14 13 1 21 1 40 1

Mean value (%) 19.73 9.31 7.21 1.49 1.93 1.83 0.76 0.62 1.32 4.84 0.63

Curvularia spp. Trichoconis padwickii

Phoma spp.

Curvularia spp. Trichoconis padwickii Phoma spp. Nigrospora spp. Sarocladium oryzae Fusarium moniliforme Bipolaris oryzae Microdochium oryzae Pyricularia oryzae Aphelenchoides besseyi Tilletia barclayana
a

Nigrospora spp. Sarocladium oryzae Fusarium moniliforme Bipolaris oryzae Microdochium oryzae Tilletia barclayana Aphelenchoides besseyi Pyricularia oryzae
a

2.44 1.34

2.83 0.13

Based on 200 seeds/seedlot for testing (n=8,035). bActual nematode count using sedimentation test.

Based on 200 seeds/seedlot for testing (n=3,000 out of 3,840). bActual nematode count using sedimentation test.

cessed for phytosanitary certification and sent to 22 countries worldwide (SHU Table 6). In addition, a total of 11 shipments covering 702 various transgenic samples were processed and sent to seven countries (SHU Table 7). For nontransgenic NSBM, East Asia received the highest number of shipments (86). However, Europe received the highest number of samples (12,740). For transgenic NSBM, Europe received the highest number of shipments and number of samples, seven shipments covering 451 samples.

Post-entry clearance
Rice seeds/grains Eighty-nine incoming nontransgenic seed shipments covering 12,937 seedlots (795.6 kg) from 24 countries worldwide were also processed for post-entry clearance (SHU Table 8). By region, the highest num-

ber of shipments and number of seedlots came from Southeast Asia with 41 shipments covering 6,440 seedlots. In addition, five incoming transgenic seed shipments from East Asia and Southeast Asia were likewise processed (SHU Table 9). Japan sent the most transgenic rice seeds: 5,025 seedlots. Of the 3,331 incoming nontransgenic rice seedlots that were visually inspected, none was contaminated with weed seeds, but 0.7% was damaged by insects, 0.06% of which were due to Rhizopertha dominica (SHU Table 10a). In addition, 0.03% of the seedlots were found to have soil particles. In terms of general quality, 3,056 seedlots (91.7%) were under category 3 (SHU Table 10b). Seed health tests on 226 incoming nontreated seedlots showed that Trichoconis padwickii affected 92.5% of the seedlots, followed by Curvularia spp.,

91.2% (SHU Table 11). The prescribed ASEAN standard treatments were done on all incoming seeds. Material Transfer Agreement The different types of MTA for outgoing and incoming transgenic and nontransgenic rice seeds/grains issued during the year are shown in SHU Tables 12a and 12b, respectively. A total number of 752 various MTAs were issued for 711 outgoing shipments covering 104,403 seedlots (5,950.3 kg). Of these, 715 were standard MTAs (issued for 634 shipments covering 88,047 seedlots 3,955.4 kg). As to incoming shipments, 26 shipments covering 4,300 seedlots (152.8 kg) were accompanied by a standard MTA (SHU Table 12b).

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Research support services

SHU Table 6. Distribution, by region, country, and nature of shipment with corresponding total number of shipments and total number of samples of nontransgenic NSBM exported by IRRI, 2012. Region/country East Asia (4) Hongkong Japan Korea S DNA (extraction) DNA (plasmid) DNA (plasmid and PCR) DNA (plasmid and primer) DNA (primers) DNA (primers and plasmids) DNA (rice seeds) DNA, primer DNA, primer DNA, primer (rice) Plasmids Plasmids (DNA) Primers DNA (dried) DNA (rice leaves in dried pellet form) DNA (rice seeds) Extracts (rice leaves) RNA (rice) Soil (wet) DNA (bacteria: Pseudomonas fuscovaginae and Xathomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) DNA (bacterial isolates) DNA (rice leaves) RNA (rice ) Total shipments (no.) 1 2 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 9 1 1 1 1 24 15 1 1 1 4 3 Total samples (no.) 4 8 180 26 9 78 217 160 81 4 20 54 9 4 8 26 291 710 29 3 16 26 15 Region/country China, PR Belgium France Germany Nine dry ice plant bags, 18 dry root bags, 18 root slurry tubes, 18 soil core bags, 28 soil slurry tubes, 9 pore water tubes, 9 dry maize plant bags (dry and slurry) Bees and other hymenopterans (oven-dried) Honeybee (Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata, Apis cerana, Apis koschevnikov, Apis nuluensis) Insects (assorted insects ) Insects (preserved in ethanol) Insects and vegetative tillers (assorted insects and dried rice tiller) Isolates (bacteria) Maize plant (dry) Maize root (dry and slurry) Plant samples (rice) Rice and grass (carabao grass) samples - dried Rice leaf and panicles (frozen) Isolates (bacteria) Isolates (bacteria) Bacterial culture Xoo (lyophillized) Insects and spiders (Insecta and Araneae) Maize seeds (Zea mays) Rice plant tissues from roots, leaves, and spikelets (frozen) RNA (from TN1 infected with SRBSDV) Subtotal Total shipments (no.) 1 1 2 1 1 86 2 2 Total samples (no.) 2 540 2 20 2 2,544 49 50

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

99 908 36 1,232 576 443 14 9 18 9 139 112

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Research support services

Region/country Germany Root and soil Root and soil (frozen) Root slurry, soil slurry and soil cores (frozen) Root, soil, pore water (core, slurry) Soil Soil (coarse, dried) Soil (contains earthworms) Soil (core and slurry) Soil (dried) Soil (dried and coarse) Soil (frozen) Soil (wet) Rice plant and root samples (dried) Rice plant tissues from roots, leaves, and spikelets (ground) Rice plant tissues from roots, leaves, and spikelets (ground-dried) Rice plant, grass (dried-frozen) Rice plant, grass leaves (air-dried) Rice plant, grass leaves, maize plant (air-dried) Rice root samples (dry and slurry) Rice root samples (frozen) Rice straw Rice straw (dried) Rice straw (oven-dried) Rice straw and roots (dried) Rice straw, rice leaves, weeds, weed seeds, and water (oven-dried) RNA (rice)

Total shipments (no.) 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 4 1

Total samples (no.) 63 108 118 60 54 3 18 63 152 1 320 72 70 56 72 164 72 90 689 20 47 36 76 1 246 162

Region/country Italy Spain Isolates (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola) Isolates (fungi: Pyricularia oryzae) Rice leaf (frozen) Soil DNA (plasmid from pCambia 3300) DNA (rice leaves) DNA (rice seeds) Rice leaf samples (tissue) Rice straw (dried) Soil (air-dried, coarse) Soil (dried, ground) Subtotal DNA (rice seeds - frozen) Azolla Netherlands Soil (wet and dry) Soil (wet samples in 70% ethanol - frozen) Soil and water samples Vegetative tillers (rice) Vegetative tillers, frozen roots from rice (root samples in tanker) Water samples Water samples (frozen) Water samples (frozen and unfrozen (cooled)) Water samples (pore)

Total shipments (no.) 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 81

Total samples (no.) 370 6 28 8 35 343 212 236 27 131 9 8 5 3,190 4 1 142 903 463 80 10 2 12,740

Switzerland

United Kingdom

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Research support services

Total shipments (no.) DNA, primer (bacterial isolates) Subtotal North America (1) USA Azolla (Azolla filiculoides) Azolla (Azolla filiculoides, Azolla caroliniana) Azolla (Azolla filiculoides, caroliniana) Azolla (Azolla filiculoides, mexicana, caroliniana) DNA (extracted from rice leaf tissue) DNA (rice leaves) DNA (rice seeds) DNA, primer (bacterial isolates) Gel slices (PSY protein) Rice leaf and panicles (frozen) Rice leaf and stem tissues (oven-dried) Rice leaf and stem tissues (oven-dried, ground) Rice leaf samples (dried) Rice leaf samples (embedded in polymerized blocks of resin) Rice leaf tissues (ground and frozen) Rice straw (dried) Soil (dried, ground) Sorghum leaves Sorghum seeds Synthetic protein solution Vegetative tillers (wild rice) Wild rice leaf samples (frozen) Wild rice roots, leaves, and panicle tissues (frozen) Subtotal 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 26 Total samples (no.) 16 16 1 12 12 4 28 384 752 24 21 5 273 211 1,049 45 1,600 80 2 9 5 1 20 1 8 4,547 Total shipments (no.) Antibody DNA (purified extracted leaf) Rice grains (immature and frozen) Rice leaf samples (frozen) Rice noodles Sorghum leaves (ground-dried) Sorghum seeds Subtotal South Asia (2) Bangladesh India Anti-IRRI-antisera DNA (plasmid from pCambia 1300 and 1301) DNA (rice seeds) Subtotal Southeast Asia (3) Philippines Singapore DNA (rice seeds) DNA, isolates, PCR reagent (bacterial isolates, heat-killed) Azolla Azolla (Azolla microphylla) Inoculum (bacterial cultures PXO61 and PXO 86) Inoculum (bacterial beaf blight) Isolates (bacteria: Xoo) Rice panicles (wild rice) Wild rice leaf samples (fresh) Taq polymerase enzymes 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 1 Total samples (no.) 6 100 2 460 2 132 5 707 1 10 2 986 999 1 1 2 4 14 10 9 32 18

Region/country Latin America (1) Colombia

Region/country Oceania (1) Australia

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Research support services

Region/country Vietnam Subtotal Sub-Sahara Africa (3) Kenya Senegal Tanzania Isolates (bacteria) Subtotal West Africa (1) Benin DNA (bacterial isolates and primer) DNA, primer (bacterial isolates) Subtotal West Asia and North Africa (2) Iran Turkey Rice leaf samples (freeze-dried) Subtotal Grand total Isolates (Bipolaris oryzae) Taq polymerase enzyme, PCR buffer Taq polymerase enzymes, Taq dilution buffer and PCR buffer DNA, primer (rice leaf) Antiserum Rice straw (fine and coarse, oven-dried) Rice straw and peach leaves

Total shipments (no.) 1 1 2 18 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 231

Total samples (no.) 2 4 864 972 40 21 21 14 96 16 11 27 20 41 61 22,709

SHU Table 7. Distribution, by region, country, and nature of shipment with corresponding total number of shipments and total number of samples of transgenic nonseed biological materials exported by IRRI, 2012. Region/country East Asia (2) Japan Plant extract (transgenic and nontransgenic) RNA (transgenic seeds) Subtotal Europe (3) Germany Italy DNA (transgenic and nontransgenic from Golden Rice) DNA and leaf from rice (transgenic and nontransgenic) Transgenic rice leaves (embedded in polymerized blocks of resin) Transgenic rice leaves (in paraffin and fixatives) Transgenic rice leaves and maize control leaf Subtotal North America (1) USA Rice straw (Golden Rice and IR64 wild type: transgenic) Subtotal Oceania (1) Australia Transgenic rice leaves and maize control leaf Subtotal Grand total Rice root samples (transgenic, ground) China, PR 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 11 Total shipments (no.) 180 9 189 16 143 141 45 12 94 451 2 2 60 60 702 Total samples (no.)

United Kingdom

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SHU Table 8. Origin and corresponding total number of shipments, total number of seedlots, and total weight of rice seeds/ grains imported to IRRI, 2012. Region/country East Asia (4) Japan Korea S China, PR Taiwan Subtotal Latin America (2) Brazil Colombia Subtotal North America (1) USA Subtotal South Asia (5) Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Subtotal Total shipments (no.) 2 8 2 1 13 1 2 3 2 2 4 15 2 1 1 23 Total seedlots (no.) 12 2,795 3 8 2,818 540 50 590 96 96 55 210 500 26 2 793 Total weight (kg) 0.174 34.184 4.288 0.430 39.076 6.000 11.419 17.419 0.270 0.270 1.806 131.800 14.926 1.300 2.000 151.832 Region/country Southeast Asia (6) Cambodia Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Thailand Vietnam Subtotal Sub-Sahara Africa (4) Burundi Kenya Mozambique Nigeria Subtotal West Africa (1) Benin Subtotal West Asia and North Africa (1) Sudan Subtotal Grand total 89 12,936 795.644 Total shipments (no.) 1 7 1 30 1 1 41 1 1 2 1 5 1 1 1 1 Total seedlots (no.) 20 1,072 1,000 2,344 4 2,000 6,440 8 127 25 1,000 1,160 1,021 1,021 18 18 Total weight (kg) 1.300 37.914 50.000 253.508 2.400 200.000 545.122 0.055 0.570 9.100 22.500 32.225 8.400 8.400 1.300 1.300

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SHU Table 10a. Results of visual inspection conducted on incoming rice seeds received by SHU for post-entry clearance, 2012. Observationa Weed-contaminated Weeds SHU Table 9. Origin and corresponding total number of shipments, total number of seedlots, and total weight of transgenic seeds/grains imported to IRRI, 2012. Region/country East Asia (2) Japan Taiwan Subtotal Southeast Asia (1) Philippines Subtotal Grand total Total shipments (no.) 1 1 2 3 3 5 Total seedlots (no.) 5,025 14 5,039 107 107 5,146 Total weight (kg) 1.000 0.168 1.168 17.625 17.625 18.793 Insect-damaged Insects Sitotroga cerealella Rhizopertha dominica Seeds with soil
a

Infested seedlots (no.) 0 0 23 1 2 1

Percent 0.00 0.00 0.69 0.03 0.06 0.03

Based on 3,331 seedlots visually inspected. SHU Table 10b. General quality of imported rice seeds received by SHU for post-entry clearance. General qualitya Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
a

Seedlots (no.) 28 120 3,056 127

Percent 0.84 3.60 91.74 3.81

Based on 3,331 seedlots visually inspected.

SHU Table 11. Seedborne pathogens detected on incoming rice seeds received by SHU for postentry clearance, 2012. Pathogen Affected seedlots (%) 92.48 91.15 61.95 60.62 57.08 39.82 31.86 26.55 21.68
a

Detection level (%) 1 70 1 42 1 36 1 21 19 1 17 1 98 1 21 1 17 12 1

Mean value (%) 13.24 8.80 4.78 2.03 1.55 2.70 14.24 2.77 2.45 1.67 0.00

Trichoconis padwickii Curvularia spp. Sarocladium oryzae Bipolaris oryzae Phoma spp. Fusarium moniliforme Tilletia barclayana Nigrospora spp. Microdochium oryzae Aphelenchoides besseyi Pyricularia oryzae
a

1.33 0.00

Actual nematode count based on 200 seeds/seedlot (n=226).

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SHU Table 12a. Different types of Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) for transgenic and non-transgenic rice seeds/grains, including INGER nursery sets exported by IRRI, 2012. Type of MTA Standard MTAa HRYDC MTA Transgenic MTA Golden Rice MTA Other MTA Non-IRRI Seed MTA Restricted MTA SMTA and Golden Rice MTA Signed SMTA Collaborative MTA Reference Laboratory MTA No MTAb Amendment Letter Letter of Intent Total
a

Total MTAs issued (no.) 715 11 9 5 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 752

Total shipments (no.) 634 11 9 5 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 37 3 1 711

Total seedlots (no.) 88,047 846 830 65 38 26 7 3 17 10 2 14,326 184 2 104,403

Total weight (kg) 3,955.427 125.700 1.943 1.610 103.785 4.910 22.900 .300 .220 .530 0.000 1,731.563 .452 1.000 5,950.340

Due to the large volume of ancestrals generated from the system, two or more standard MTAs were issued in one shipment. b No MTA issued for materials originally coming from the sending institution/country of destination, Korean seeds multiplied to IRRI, seeds for commercial analysis, and seeds for IRRI experimental/ training purposes. A transmittal letter provided with previously approved MTA sending the same materials and an amendment letter provided with previously approved MTA with additional samples.

SHU Table 12b. Different types of Material Transfer Agreement and the corresponding total number of shipments, total number of seedlots, and total weight of rice seeds imported to IRRI, 2012. Type of MTA Standard MTA NO MTAa HRYDC MTA Signed SMTA Letter of Intent Other MTA Collaborative MTA Transgenic MTA Total
a

Total shipments (no.) 26 18 18 10 10 9 2 1 94

Total seedlots (no.) 4,300 3,821 37 4,240 378 199 82 5,025 18,082

Total weight (kg) 152.792 186.159 155.200 242.653 33.350 17.983 25.300 1.000 814.437

No MTA accompanies the package of materials sent under the Korean Seed for Multiplication Project, IRRI seeds sent back, and seeds commercially obtained (invoice provided).

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Crop health inspection

Crop health inspections were conducted in postentry plant quarantine areas and in the GRC, PBGB, CESD, and GQNC seed multiplication plots during the 2012 dry and wet seasons at three different crop stages. SHU Table 13 shows the different diseases observed with corresponding prevalence percentage. For incoming materials planted during the dry season, 0.4% of the seedlings were infected with Sclerotium seedling blight, whereas no diseases were noted on seedlings planted during the wet season. During the dry season, the most prevalent disease observed at tillering and maturity stages was tungro, 3.38% and 3.48%, respectively. During the wet season, the most prevalent disease observed at the same two stages was bacterial leaf streak, 33.59% and 33.59%, respectively. Among materials planted in multiplication plots, Sclerotium seedling blight was most prevalent in both seasons, with 0.11% and 0.13%, respectively. The most prevalent disease observed during tillering and maturity was bacterial leaf streak, with 1.41% and 18.27%, respectively.

ferent organizational units and assist plant quarantine service officers dispose of transgenic materials (SHU Table 14) and monitor their movement or transfer (SHU Table 15). In 2012, a total of 4,253 various samples were disposed of, 83.7% of which were soil samples from PBGB experiments. During the same period, 27,020 various samples have been transferred/moved, 45% of which comprised rice seeds under the C4 Rice Center.

Workshops, training courses, visitors, and information awareness drive

SHU also participated in the following activities coordinated by the Training Center and/or National Program Relations: 1) orientation of on-the-job trainees (OJTs), postdoctoral fellows, MS and PhD research scholars, and interns from different organizational units (OUs); and 2) training courses such as Rice: Research to Production Course with 28 participants from six countries; Rice Breeding Course with 21 participants from 11 countries; Rice Production Techniques for Young Researchers for Africa with 11 African researchers; Rice Research for African Participants with five African technicians; Season-Long

Training of Trainers on Sustainable Rice Production for Agricultural Workers of Cavite; OJTs for five Indonesian researchers; Basic Training Course on Seed Testing and Certification for Inbred Rice with 22 participants from different IRRI OUs; General Plant Quarantine Training with 31 plant quarantine officers from Regions I-XII and CARAGA; and the Ten-day Intensive PalayCheck System Training Course with 25 agricultural extension workers from Region IV-A. The SHU visitors included the following: 22 Plant Pathology and 17 Agronomy 170 students from UPLB; 30 unit heads from different BPI National Seed Quality Control Services regional and satellite offices; 14 senior officials from the Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forest, Royal Government of Bhutan; two quarantine officers from RDA, Korea; Tsung Wei-Lai, consultant, DDG-R Office; Ms. Bachabi Fatimata, AfricaRice; and Dr. Steven Groot from Wageningen University and Research Centre. SHU also conducted an information awareness drive for nationally recruited staff involved in germplasm exchange and distribution.

Monitoring the disposal and movement of transgenics

Part of SHUs responsibility is to coordinate with dif-

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SHU Table 13. Percentages of different diseases observed in incoming and outgoing materials during field inspection at three different crop stages of rice, 2012. Crop stage/disease DS %
a

Incoming WS %
a

Outgoing DS %a WS %a

Seedling
Total entries Without disease With diseaseb 5,862 5,837 25 99.57 0.43 394 394 0 100.00 0.00 20,109 20,087 22 99.89 0.11 10,993 10,925 14 99.87 0.13

Sclerotium seedling blight

Tillering
Total entries Without disease With diseaseb Tungro Bacterial leaf streak Yellow dwarf Bakanae Leaf blast Bacterial leaf blight 198 7 3 0 0 0 3.38 0.12 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 130 0 2 0 0 3.36 33.59 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.00 306 205 0 1 0 0 1.52 1.02 0.00 0.005 0.00 0.00 21 1,836 0 0 6 9 0.19 16.78 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.08 5,862 5,655 96.47 387 249 64.34 20,109 19,598 97.46 10,939 9,126 83.43

Maturity
Total entries Without disease With disease Tungro Bacterial leaf streak Sheath blight Leaf scald Sheath rot Narrow brown leaf spot Neck blast False smut
a b

5,862 5,595 204 16 0 6 17 0 0 29

b

387 95.45 3.48 0.27 0.00 0.10 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.49 248 17 130 0 3 6 5 0 11 64.08 4.39 33.59 0.00 0.78 1.55 1.29 0.00 2.84

20,109 19,658 47 283 92 3 10 1 0 26 97.76 0.23 1.41 0.46 0.01 0.05 0.005 0.00 0.13

11,218 8,420 28 2,050 210 2 8 527 1 8 75.06 0.25 18.27 1.87 0.02 0.07 4.70 0.009 0.07

Disease incidence (%) is calculated as the number of plant units infected, expressed as percentage of total units assessed. Diseases observed on plants originating from incoming seeds were not of an introduced nature.

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SHU Table 14. Disposal of transgenic materials conducted by different organizational units of IRRI, 2012. Organizational unit/nature of materials Quantity (no. of pieces) 44 20 1 9 211 28 56 369 1 42 2 45 50 1 3 69 1 22 1 3,213 30 4 355 3,839 4,253 Subtotal

SHU Table 15. Movementa of transgenic materials from different organizational units of IRRI, 2012. Organizational unit/nature of materials Quantity (no. of pieces) 900 2,816 1 5,162 12,275 21,154 19 96 33 283 790 2 1 646 3,498 8 192 4 59 192 43 5,866 27,020

C4 Rice Center
Autoclaved seeds Leaves Plants Seeds Soil Straw Vegetative waste Subtotal

C4 Rice Center
Germinated seeds Plants Rachis Seedlings Seeds Subtotal

Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology

Germinated seeds Leaves and roots Panicles Plants Pregerminated seeds Rachis Seed Seedlings Seeds Seeds and panicles Shoots Straw Unfilled grains Vegetative parts Vegetative seeds Subtotal Grand total
a

Crop and Environmental Sciences Division

Seeds Soil Vegetative waste

Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology

Autoclaved seeds Bag Empty paper bags Paper bags Pot label Seeds Seeds/rachis Soil Straw Trays Vegetative waste Subtotal Grand total

Movement refers to transfer of material from one location to another.

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