APPENDIX 3 DEFINITIONS

3-1 INTRODUCTION lated test pressure in either of these paragraphs is the highest permissible internal pressure as determined by the design formulas, for each element of the vessel using nominal thicknesses with corrosion allowances included and using the allowable stress values given in Subpart 1 of Section II, Part D for the temperature of the test. certicate of compliance a document by which the material manufacturer or supplier certies that the material represented has been produced and tested in accordance with the requirements of the basic material specication shown on the certicate. Signatures are not required to appear on certicates of compliance. Objective evidence of compliance with the requirements of the material specication shall be maintained in the records of the material manufacturer or supplier. clad vessel a vessel made from a base material having a corrosion resistant material either integrally bonded or weld metal overlaid to the base of less resistant material design pressure the pressure used in the design of a vessel component together with the coincident design metal temperature, for the purpose of determining the minimum permissible thickness or physical characteristics of the different zones of the vessel. When applicable, static head shall be added to the design pressure to determine the thickness of any specic zone of the vessel (see UG-21). design temperature see UG-20 efciency of a welded joint the efciency of a welded joint is expressed as a numerical (decimal) quantity and is used in the design of a joint as a multiplier of the appropriate allowable stress value taken from the applicable table in Subpart 1 of Section II, Part D (see UW-12) joints for the purpose of this Division, the following denitions are applicable: (a) angle joint a joint between two members located in intersecting planes with an angle greater than 30 deg but less than 90 deg
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This Appendix contains denitions of terms generally used in this Division. Denitions relating to specic applications, such as for layered vessels, may be found in related parts of this Division.

A02

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DEFINITION OF TERMS

acceptance by the Inspector where words such as acceptance by the Inspector and /or accepted by the Inspector are used in this Division, they shall be understood to mean that the Inspector has reviewed a subject in accordance with his duties as required by the rules of this Division and after such review is able to sign the Certicate of Inspection for the applicable Manufacturers Data Report Form. Such words do not imply assumption by the Inspector of any of the responsibilities of the Manufacturer. ASME Designated Organization an entity authorized by ASME to perform administrative functions on its behalf ASME Designee an individual authorized by ASME to perform administrative functions on its behalf as an ASME Designee. The ASME Designee performs reviews, surveys, audits, and examinations of organizations or persons holding or applying for accreditation or certication in accordance with the ASME code or standard. basic material specication a description of the identifying characteristics of a material (product form, ranges of composition, mechanical properties, methods of production, etc.) together with the sampling, testing, and examination procedures to be applied to production lots of such material to verify acceptable conformance to the intended characteristics bolt a threaded fastener with a head on one end calculated test pressure the requirements for determining the test pressure based on calculations are outlined in UG-99(c) for the hydrostatic test and in UG-100(b) for the pneumatic test. The basis for calcu-

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APPENDIX 3 MANDATORY

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(b) butt joint a joint between two members located in intersecting planes between 0 deg and 30 deg, inclusive (c) corner joint a joint between two members located in intersecting planes at approximately 90 deg layered vessel a vessel having a shell and /or heads made up of two or more separate layers lined vessel a vessel having a corrosion resistant lining attached intermittently to the vessel wall liquid penetrant examination (PT) a method of nondestructive examination which provides for the detection of imperfections open to the surface in ferrous and nonferrous materials which are nonporous. Typical imperfections detectable by this method are cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, and laminations. magnetic particle examination (MT) a method of detecting cracks and similar imperfections at or near the surface in iron and the magnetic alloys of steel.

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APPENDIX 3 MANDATORY

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It consists of properly magnetizing the material and applying nely divided magnetic particles which form patterns indicating the imperfections. material any substance or product form which is covered by an SA, SB, or SFA material specication in Section II or any other material permitted by the Code material manufacturer the organization which performs or supervises and directly controls one or more of the operations which affect the material properties required by the basic material specication. The material manufacturer certies the results of one or more of the tests, examinations, repairs, or treatments required by the basic material specication. When the specication permits certain specic requirements to be completed later, those incomplete items must be noted. material supplier the organization which supplies material furnished and certied by a material manufacturer, but which does not perform any operation intended to affect the material properties required by the basic material specication. The material supplier may perform and certify the results of tests, examinations, repairs, and treatments not performed by the material manufacturer. Material Test Report a document, or documents, on which are recorded the results of tests, examinations, repairs, or treatments required by the basic material specication to be reported. Supplementary or special requirements in addition to the requirements of the basic material specication may also be included on the Material Test Report. All such documents shall identify the applicable material specication and shall be identied to the material represented. When preparing a Material Test Report, a material manufacturer may transcribe data produced by other organizations provided he accepts responsibility for the accuracy and authenticity of the data and maintains a le containing the test report from the originator of the data. In such instances, the material manufacturer shall identify on the Material Test Report the source of the data and the location of the le containing the test report from the originator of the data. Signatures are not required to appear on Material Test Reports. A material supplier shall not transcribe data certied by a material manufacturer but shall furnish a copy of that certication, supplemented as necessary by additional documents which certify the results of tests, examinations, repairs, or treatments required by the basic material specication and performed by the material supplier. maximum allowable stress value the maximum unit stress permissible for any specied material that may be used in the design formulas given in this Division (see UG-23)
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maximum allowable working pressure the maximum gage pressure permissible at the top of a completed vessel in its normal operating position at the designated coincident temperature for that pressure. This pressure is the least of the values for the internal or external pressure to be determined by the rules of this Division for any of the pressure boundary parts, including the static head thereon, using nominal thicknesses exclusive of allowances for corrosion and considering the effects of any combination of loadings listed in UG-22 which are likely to occur (see UG-98) at the designated coincident temperature [see UG-20(a)]. It is the basis for the pressure setting of the pressure relieving devices protecting the vessel. The design pressure may be used in all cases in which calculations are not made to determine the value of the maximum allowable working pressure. membrane stress the component of normal stress which is uniformly distributed and equal to the average value of stress across the thickness of the section under consideration normal operation operation within the design limits for which the vessel has been stamped. [See UG116(a).] Any coincident pressure and temperature during a specic operation are permissible, provided they do not constitute a more severe condition than that assumed in the design of the vessel. operating or working temperature the temperature that will be maintained in the metal of the part of the vessel being considered for the specied operation of the vessel (see UG-20 and UG-23) operating pressure the pressure at the top of a vessel at which it normally operates. It shall not exceed the maximum allowable working pressure, and it is usually kept at a suitable level below the setting of the pressure relieving devices to prevent their frequent opening (see M-9). porosity gas pockets or voids in metal primary stress a stress developed by the imposed loading which is necessary to satisfy the simple laws of equilibrium of external and internal forces and moments. Primary stress can be either membrane or bending stress. Primary membrane stress may be of two types: general and local. A general primary membrane stress is one which is so distributed in the structure that no redistribution of load occurs as a result of yielding. A local primary membrane stress is one which is produced by pressure or other mechanical loading and which is associated with a primary and /or discontinuity effect.

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2001 SECTION VIII DIVISION 1

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Examples of primary stress are: (a) general membrane stress in a circular cylinder or a spherical shell due to internal pressure or to distributed loads; (b) bending stress in the central portion of a at head due to pressure. radiographic examination (RT) a method of detecting imperfections in materials by passing X-ray or nuclear radiation through the material and presenting their image on a recording medium safety valve set pressure See ASME PTC 25 stationary pressure vessel a pressure vessel to be installed and operated as a xed geographical location stud a threaded fastener without a head, with threads on one end or both ends, or threaded full length thickness of vessel wall

(a) design thickness the sum of the required thickness and the corrosion allowance (see UG-25) (b) required thickness that computed by the formulas in this Division before corrosion allowance is added (see UG-22) (c) nominal thickness except as dened in UW40(f) and modied in UW-11(g), the nominal thickness is the thickness selected as commercially available, and supplied to the Manufacturer. For plate material, the nominal thickness shall be, at the Manufacturers option, either the thickness shown on the Material Test Report {or material Certicate of Compliance [UG-93(a)(1)]} before forming, or the measured thickness of the plate at the joint or location under consideration. ultrasonic examination (UT) a method for detecting imperfections in materials by passing ultrasonic vibrations (frequencies normally 1 MHz to 5 MHz) through the material vessel Manufacturer any Manufacturer who constructs an item such as a pressure vessel, vessel component, or part in accordance with rules of this Division and who holds an ASME Certicate of Authorization to apply the Code Symbol Stamp to such an item

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