Mareng Grammar The Present Perfect Tense

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MarEng Grammar THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Study this text: The Boatswain has received a number of orders because of the storm. As soon as the Third Officer has come from his watch he goes to inspect the Boatswains work. - Have you checked all lashings on deck and doubled them? he asks. - No, I havent, not yet, sir, answers the Boatswain. - Have you secured all hatch covers? - Yes, I have indeed, sir. The deckhands have cleared away all loose gear from the deck. They have also tightened all the life boat gripes. Finally they have made sure that all the cranes are secure, answers the Boatswain. The Boatswain has done a thorough job as always.

The Perfect Tense expresses what someone has done or what has happened. It tells us about a period of time from the past until now. The result is still relevant now.

The Present Perfect is formed with the auxiliary have/ has + past participle of the main verb. The past participle has the ending ed for regular verbs and is the third form in the list of irregular verbs. Examples: I have written down the message. A vessel has entered the fairway at Mouro Lighthouse.

I / we / you / they he, she

have has

------------------------------------------------->

sailed finished lost written been

etc.

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