Vortex Shedding Load On Piping

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WIND DESIGN FOR PIPING

As steady winds flow across a pipe span, they cause vortices behind the pipe. The vortices generate pressure fluctuations that cause the pipe to oscillate in the direction of the wind (drag) and in the direction perpendicular to the wind (lift). The vortex turbulence has a dominant frequency given by

fvs=n S v/D
n=1 for lift, 2 for drag fvs=dominant vortex shedding frequency, Hz S=Strouhal number v=wind velocity, in/sec D=pipe outside diameter (including insulation), in

The Strouhal number for wind vortices around a cylinder is in the order of 0.2

The pipe is therefore subjected to a sinusoidal lift force per unit length, of frequency fvs with amplitude F given by

F=CL V2 D/2
F=lift force per unit length of pipe, lb/in CL=lift coefficient =air mass density, lbm/in3 V=wind velocity, in/sec D=insulated pipe outside diameter, in

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