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    Forensic Serology Notes

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    Pankaj Mangtani
    Forensic Serology is a range of laboratory tests using antigens and antibodies. Antibodies are proteins which bind to specific antigens antiserum - serum containing Ab(s) that react against (bind to) specific antigen. Serology is used to identify blood type, antiserum and agglutination.

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    Forensic Serology Notes

    Uploaded by

    Pankaj Mangtani
    363 views20 pages
    Forensic Serology is a range of laboratory tests using antigens and antibodies. Antibodies are proteins which bind to specific antigens antiserum - serum containing Ab(s) that react against (bind to) specific antigen. Serology is used to identify blood type, antiserum and agglutination.

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    Forensic Serology is a range of laboratory tests using antigens and antibodies. Antibodies are proteins which bind to specific antigens antiserum - serum containing Ab(s) that react against (bind to) specific antigen. Serology is used to identify blood type, antiserum and agglutination.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    363 views20 pages

    Forensic Serology Notes

    Uploaded by

    Pankaj Mangtani
    Forensic Serology is a range of laboratory tests using antigens and antibodies. Antibodies are proteins which bind to specific antigens antiserum - serum containing Ab(s) that react against (bind to) specific antigen. Serology is used to identify blood type, antiserum and agglutination.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Forensic Serology

    What is serology?
    A range of laboratory tests using antigens and antibodies

    Antibody

    Antigens are cell membrane proteins

    Blood
    Cells
    Red blood cells (RBCs, erythrocytes) White blood cells (WBCs, leukocytes) Platelets

    Proteins
    Enzymes

    Plasma (watery fluid)

    Red blood cells


    Antigen systems
    A-B-O Rh factor

    Blood serum
    Antibodies
    Proteins which bind to specific antigens

    Antiserum serum containing Ab(s) that react against (bind to) specific antigens Agglutination clumping of RBCs by reaction (binding) to antibodies

    Blood type, antigens and serum

    Serology
    Blood typing
    Identifying A-B-O type with known antiserum (by agglutination) Identifying A-B-O type with known RBCs (by agglutination)

    Serology
    Immunoassays
    EMIT (Enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique) RIA (Radioimmunoassay) Mabs (monoclonal antibodies)

    EMIT

    An exactly known amount of the enzyme-labeled conjugate (drug, for example) is then added to the mixture at which point, binding sites on the antibody not occupied by drug molecules become filled with enzyme-labeled drug molecules. Only unbound enzyme conjugate is active so that conversion of colorless NAD+ to the colored NADH is indicative of the amount of free enzyme conjugate and, therefore, drug in the analytical sample

    Radioimmunoassay

    Detect amount of radioactivity

    Mabs

    Forensic analysis of bloodstains


    Blood or not blood Species identification Association with an individual

    Identifying a stain as blood


    Kastle-Meyer color test
    Hemoglobin acts like a peroxidase

    Hemastix Luminol test

    Identifying blood as human


    Precipitin test
    Uses speciesspecific antiserum Excellent sensitivity Can be used on old blood samples

    Precipitin test
    Gel diffusion Gel electrophoresis

    Association of blood with an individual

    Historical methods
    A-B-O typing Isozyme analysis
    Polymorphic enzymes

    Association of blood with an individual

    Modern method
    DNA profiling/typing

    Paternity testing and serology


    Historical method
    A-B-O typing HLA (Human leukocyte antigen) test

    Modern method
    DNA profiling/typing

    Serology & semen


    Acid phosphatase color test p30 or PSA (prostate specific antigen) immunoassays

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