Aieee Notes Aieee Notes Mathematics 01

AIEEE and other Entrance Exams MATHEMATICS Notes & Key Point
TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS AND IDENTITIES

1. T- Ratios of various angles and their Signs in four quadrants
Chapter - 1
sec =
1 cos
cosec =
1 sin
cot =
1 tan
2 2 cos + sin = 1
1 + tan 2 = sec 2
1 + cot 2 = cosec 2
Values of T -functions of some Particular Angles

sin
(0)
0
6
1 2
3 2
1 3
4
1 2
3
3 2
2
1
0
not defined
()
0
3 2
1
0
not defined
(2)
0
II only sin and cosec are + ve only tan and cot are + ve III
I All are + ve only cos and sec are + ve IV
1 2
cos
tan
1
0
1 2
1
0
1
0
Values of T -functions in terms of other T -functions

Quadrant Angle
II
III
(2 + x ) ( x ) ( + x )
sin x sin x
sin
cos
tan
cos x
tan x
cosec sec
cot
cosec x sec x
cot x
w tan x Do
d loa n
cos x cos x
tan x
m f ro d sin x
ht(2 x )
sin x
// tp:
IV
te in e nl IV
( x )
sin x
in co. . e rs ach
I
x 2
II
+ x 2
III
3 x 2
IV
3 + x 2
cos x
sin x
cos x
sin x
cos x
sin x
cos x
sin x
cos x
tan x
cos x
tan x
cot x
cot x
cot x
cot x
cosec x cosec x sec x sec x

cot x cot x
cosec x cosec x sec x

cot x
sec x cosec x
tan x
sec x cosec x
tan x
sec x cosec x
tan x
sec x cosec x
tan x
sec x
cot x
2. Range of T - Ratios:
1 sin 1 cosec 1
3. Period of T - ratios All T-ratios are periodic functions. Period tan of and cot is
1 cos 1 sec 1
< tan < < cot <
Period of sin , cos , cosec and sec is 2

4. Sum and Difference formula:
cos(x + y ) = cos x cos y sin x sin y cos(x y ) = cos x cos y + sin x sin y
sin (x + y ) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y sin (x y ) = sin x cos y cos x sin y
Downloaded from http://onlineteachers.co.in, portal for CBSE, ICSE, State Boards and Entrance Exams. Prepared by Alpha Education , Sec-4, Gurgaon, Haryana. [email protected]
tan (x + y ) =
tan (x y ) =
tan x + tan y , 1 tan x tan y
cot (x + y ) = cot (x y ) =
cot x cot y 1 cot y + cot x cot x cot y + 1 cot y cot x
tan x tan y 1 + tan x tan y
sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x

x x sin x = 2 sin cos 2 2
1 + cos 2x = 2 cos 2 x
2 1 + cos x = 2 cos
2 2 2 2 cos 2 x = cos x sin x = 2 cos x 1 = 1 2 sin x
2 cos x = cos
x x x x sin 2 = 2 cos 2 1 = 1 2 sin 2 2 2 2 2
1 cos 2x = 2 sin 2 x
2 1 cos x = 2 sin
x 2
x 2
1 cos x x = tan sin x 2

1 cos 2 x 2
1 + cos x x = cot sin x 2
sin x = sin
cos x = cos
1 + cos 2 x 2
x 1 cos x = 2 2
x 1 + cos x = 2 2
2 tan x sin 2 x = 1 + tan 2 x

sin x =
cos 2 x =
2 tan x 2 1 + tan 2 x 2
3 sin 3x = 3 sin x 4 sin x
n ow D
e ad lo
ro df
p tan 1 ht t
x 1 + tan x
2
n //o :
e te in
e rs ch
n o.itan x = .c
tan
1 cos 2x 1 + cos 2x
x 1 cos x = 2 1 + cos x
2 tan x 1 tan 2 x
tan 2 x =
tan x =
cos x =
1 tan 2 x 2 1 + tan 2 x 2
2 tan x 2 1 tan 2 x 2 3 tan x tan 3 x 1 3 tan 2 x
cos 3x = 4 cos 3 x 3 cos x
tan 3x =
sin (x + y ) sin (x y ) = sin 2 x sin 2 y = cos 2 y cos 2 x cos(x + y ) cos(x y ) = cos 2 x sin 2 y = cos 2 y sin 2 x
5. Product Into Sum or Difference Formulae:
2 sin x cos y = sin (x + y ) + sin (x y ) 2 cos x cos y = cos(x + y ) + cos (x y )
2 cos x sin y = sin (x + y ) sin (x y ) 2 sin x sin y = cos (x y ) cos (x + y )
6. Sum and Difference Into Product Formulae :
x+y xy sin x + sin y = 2 sin cos 2 2 x+y xy cos cos x + cos y = 2 cos 2 2
x+ y xy sin sin x sin y = 2 cos 2 2 x+y xy sin cos x cos y = 2 sin 2 2
7. Trigonometric Ratio of Some Important Angles :
sin 18 = cos 36 =
5 1 4 5 +1 4
tan 22 cot 22
1 = 2 1 2
1 = 2 +1 2
tan 15 = 2 3
cot 15 = 2 + 3
8. Maximum and Minimum Values (of a cos + b sin ) : Let a = r cos and b = r sin where r = a 2 + b 2 Then, a cos + b sin = r (cos cos + sin sin ) = r cos( ) But 1 cos ( ) 1
r a cos + b sin r
2 2 2 2 So the maximum value is a + b and minimum value is a + b
9. Some other useful Results :
sin (A + B + C) = sin A cos B cos C sin A cos (A + B + C) = cos A cos A sin B sin C
tan(A + B + C) =
2
tan A tan A 1 tan A tan B
A A sin + cos = 1 + sin A 2 2

2
A A sin cos = 1 sin A 2 2
w Do
d loa n
f ro d
ht
/ tp:
n li /o
in co. . e rs 1 c cos A cos (60 A) cos (60 + A) = cos 3A ah 4 e te
1 sin A sin(60 A ) sin(60 + A ) = sin 3A 4
tan A tan (60 A) tan (60 + A) = tan 3A
tan A cot A = 2 cot 2A tan A + cot A = 2 cosec 2A
cos A + cos B + cos C + cos (A + B + C) = 4 cos sin A + sin B + sin C + sin (A + B + C) = 4 sin
2 n 1 cos A cos 2A cos 2 A.....cos 2 A =
A+B B+C C+A cos cos 2 2 2
A+B B+C C+A sin sin 2 2 2
sin 2 n A 2 n sin A
nd 2 sin 2a + (n 1)d sin a + sin (a + d ) + sin (a + 2d ) + ..........sin[a + (n 1)d ] = d 2 sin 2 sin nd 2 cos 2a + (n 1)d cos a + cos(a + d ) + cos(a + 2d ) + ......... cos[a + (n 1)d ] = d 2 sin 2 sin

Aieee Notes Aieee Notes Mathematics 01

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AIEEE and other Entrance Exams MATHEMATICS Notes & Key Point

TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS AND IDENTITIES

Values of T -functions of some Particular Angles

I All are + ve only cos and sec are + ve IV

Values of T -functions in terms of other T -functions

cosec x cosec x sec x sec x

cosec x cosec x sec x

< tan < < cot <

Period of sin , cos , cosec and sec is 2

tan x + tan y , 1 tan x tan y

cot x cot y 1 cot y + cot x cot x cot y + 1 cot y cot x

tan x tan y 1 + tan x tan y

sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x

2 2 2 2 cos 2 x = cos x sin x = 2 cos x 1 = 1 2 sin x

x x x x sin 2 = 2 cos 2 1 = 1 2 sin 2 2 2 2 2

1 cos x x = tan sin x 2

1 + cos x x = cot sin x 2

2 tan x sin 2 x = 1 + tan 2 x

3 sin 3x = 3 sin x 4 sin x

2 tan x 2 1 tan 2 x 2 3 tan x tan 3 x 1 3 tan 2 x

cos 3x = 4 cos 3 x 3 cos x

2 sin x cos y = sin (x + y ) + sin (x y ) 2 cos x cos y = cos(x + y ) + cos (x y )

2 cos x sin y = sin (x + y ) sin (x y ) 2 sin x sin y = cos (x y ) cos (x + y )

6. Sum and Difference Into Product Formulae :

x+ y xy sin sin x sin y = 2 cos 2 2 x+y xy sin cos x cos y = 2 sin 2 2

7. Trigonometric Ratio of Some Important Angles :

2 2 2 2 So the maximum value is a + b and minimum value is a + b

9. Some other useful Results :

tan A tan A 1 tan A tan B

A A sin + cos = 1 + sin A 2 2

A A sin cos = 1 sin A 2 2

in co. . e rs 1 c cos A cos (60 A) cos (60 + A) = cos 3A ah 4 e te

1 sin A sin(60 A ) sin(60 + A ) = sin 3A 4

tan A tan (60 A) tan (60 + A) = tan 3A

tan A cot A = 2 cot 2A tan A + cot A = 2 cosec 2A

A+B B+C C+A cos cos 2 2 2

A+B B+C C+A sin sin 2 2 2

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