HVAC - Duct Construction

HVAC Duct Construction
Bob Wasilewski Project Manager, Technical Resources SMACNA
HVAC Duct Construction Standards

WHAT? WHY? HOW?
Today's Program
1st 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS Review Joints and Limitations Transverse Joints & Reinforcements Use of the Pressure Class Tables Tie Rod Addendum
Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

Low Velocity Systems Duct Manual
First Edition 1959 Second Edition 1963 Third Edition 1967
Low Velocity Duct Construction Standard

1969

Low Pressure Duct Construction Standard
Fifth Edition 1976
High Velocity Duct Systems Manual

First Edition 1965
High Velocity Duct Construction Standards

Second Edition 1969

High Pressure Duct Construction Standards
Third Edition 1975
Duct Liner Application Standard

First Edition 1971 Second Edition 1975

Flexible Duct Installation Standards
First Edition 1979 Second Edition 1980
HVAC Duct Construction Standards -Metal and Flexible

First Edition 1985
Major Changes from First Edition

GENERAL
Text edited to be more reader-friendly Reading aids added Static pressure only as the basis for duct construction classification -- velocity levels deleted (Table 1-1)

Chapter 7 revised to facilitate use for equivalent and comparable tests and ratings Model project specification added Reminders to designers to show all required fire, smoke, radiation and volume control dampers on contract drawings are accented

Boiler breeching omitted Volume damper construction is more specific Lead radiation shielding added Metrics are included Air terminal runouts and supports are revised

RECTANGULAR DUCT REVISIONS
Negative pressure construction given for 4", 6", and 10" w.g. Six feet reinforcement schedules added Reinforcement schedules extended to 120" width

Tie rod alternatives expanded for both positive and negative pressures TDC and TDF joint systems included and rated as T-25a and T-25b joints T-24a joint added as a modification of T-24

Use of 26 gage added for 4", 6" and 10" pressures Trapeze hanger tables expanded to cover the 120" width range Duct liner pin schedule adjusted Infrequently used joints (T-4, 8, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 23) omitted

Round, Flexible and Oval Duct Revisions
Duct pressure classes revised to be positive and negative at 2", 4" and 10" w.g. Crimped joint connection length changed from 1" to 2" Rectangular branch taps into round added for straight or 45 degree lead-in-entry

Type 1 reinforcement of oval duct now has an internal tie rod (based on ASHRAE test program) Maximum support spacing for round flexible duct and connector changed from 10 feet to 5 feet Additional riser support details are provided
DUCT SYSTEMS
SIZINGS FITTINGS, ETC.
FIRE/SMOKE PROTECTION
CODE COMPLIANCE
DUCT CONSTRUCTION
CODE COMPLIANCE
SMACNA HVAC-DCS 2ND ED. 1995
INSPECTION
CODE COMPLIANCE
DUCT SYSTEMS
ENGINEER
Design Considerations: CFM Static Pressure Duct Size Fitting Type Construction Pressure Class
CONTRACTOR
Construction Considerations: Panel Thickness (Gage) Pressure Class (as specified) Panel Width/Height Joint Type/Spacing Intermediate Reinforcement Type/Spacing
DEPENDENT VARIABLES
REGULAR DUCTS
Maximum Deflection Joint and Reinf. 1/4" on 48" w. W/200 on 49"-120" Sheet: 3/8" on 12" Dn. 1/2" on 13"-18" 5/8"on 19"-24" 3/4" on 25"-84" 1" on 85"-120" Tolerance: +7.5% Tolerance: +10% Field: Class Rating + 25% Maximum Test Pressure Lab: Class Rating + 50%
Duct Systems
Used for the movement of air in HVAC/Exhaust systems Ducts are classified based on maximum operating pressure
0.5" w.g. positive or negative 1.0" w.g. positive or negative 2.0" w.g. positive or negative
Duct Systems (Continued)

Ducts are classified based on maximum operating pressure
3.0" w.g. positive or negative 4.0" w.g. positive or negative 6.0" w.g. positive or negative 10.0" w.g. positive or negative
TABLE 1-2 STANDARD DUCT SEALING REQUIREMENTS
EXAMPLE 1
Duct Size 24" x 24" Pressure Class 2" w.g. Sheet Stock Joints/Reinforcements 8 ft / 4 ft Standing S
EXAMPLE 2
Duct Size 42" x 24" Pressure Class 3" w.g. 5 ft Coil Line Joints/Reinforcements 5 ft / 2 ft TDC or TDF
MIDPANEL TIE ROD (MPT)

" w.g. - 6" w.g. 37" - 96" Duct Dimension Rectangular Duct
Mid Panel Tie Rod Addendum

Joints All Tie Rods Threaded Rod or Tubing/Conduit with Threaded Insert Additional Application Tables, Qualifications and Reader Aids Included
FIGURE 1-3 TIE ROD ATTACHMENTS
FIGURE 1-4 TRANSVERSE (GIRTH) JOINTS
FIGURE 1-4 TRANSVERSE (GIRTH) JOINTS
FIGURE 1-4A SPECIAL JOINT PROFILES
FIGURE 1-5 LONGITUDINAL SEAMS RECTANGULAR DUCT
TABLE 1-24 UNREINFORCED DUCT (WALL THICKNESS)
TABLE 1-25 T-1 FLAT DRIVE ACCEPTED AS REINFORCEMENT
FIGURE 1-7 UNREINFORCED DUCT
FIGURE 1-8 CROSSBROKEN DUCT & BEADED DUCT
FIGURE 1-9 DUCT REINFORCED ON TWO SIDES
FIGURE 1-10 DUCT REINFORCED ON ALL SIDES
FIGURE 1-12 DUCT OVER 120" (3048 MM) WIDE
FIGURE 1-15 CORNER CLOSURES - FLANGES
FIGURE 2-22 DUCT LINER INTERRUPTION
TABLE 3-2A ROUND DUCT GAGE UNREINFORCED POSITIVE PRESSURE
TABLE 3-2B ROUND DUCT GAGE NEGATIVE PRESSURE
FIGURE 3-1 SEAMS ROUND DUCT AND FITTINGS
FIG. 3-2 TRANSVERSE JOINTS ROUND DUCT
FIGURE 3-6 FLAT OVAL DUCTS
FIGURE 3-9 FLEXIBLE DUCT SUPPORTS
FIGURE 3-10 FLEXIBLE DUCT SUPPORTS
TABLE 4-1 RECTANGULAR DUCT HANGERS MIN. SIZE
TABLE 4-2 MINIMUM HANGER SIZES FOR ROUND DUCT
FIGURE 4-4 LOWER HANGER ATTACHMENTS
Questions & Answers

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HVAC Duct Construction

Bob Wasilewski Project Manager, Technical Resources SMACNA

HVAC Duct Construction Standards

Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

Low Velocity Duct Construction Standard

Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

High Velocity Duct Systems Manual

High Velocity Duct Construction Standards

Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

Duct Liner Application Standard

Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

HVAC Duct Construction Standards -Metal and Flexible

Major Changes from First Edition

Major Changes from First Edition

Major Changes from First Edition

Major Changes from First Edition

Major Changes from First Edition

Major Changes from First Edition

Major Changes from First Edition

Major Changes from First Edition

SIZINGS FITTINGS, ETC.

SMACNA HVAC-DCS 2ND ED. 1995

Duct Systems (Continued)

TABLE 1-2 STANDARD DUCT SEALING REQUIREMENTS

MIDPANEL TIE ROD (MPT)

Mid Panel Tie Rod Addendum

FIGURE 1-3 TIE ROD ATTACHMENTS

FIGURE 1-4 TRANSVERSE (GIRTH) JOINTS

FIGURE 1-4 TRANSVERSE (GIRTH) JOINTS

FIGURE 1-4A SPECIAL JOINT PROFILES

FIGURE 1-5 LONGITUDINAL SEAMS RECTANGULAR DUCT

TABLE 1-24 UNREINFORCED DUCT (WALL THICKNESS)

TABLE 1-25 T-1 FLAT DRIVE ACCEPTED AS REINFORCEMENT

FIGURE 1-7 UNREINFORCED DUCT

FIGURE 1-8 CROSSBROKEN DUCT & BEADED DUCT

FIGURE 1-9 DUCT REINFORCED ON TWO SIDES

FIGURE 1-10 DUCT REINFORCED ON ALL SIDES

FIGURE 1-12 DUCT OVER 120" (3048 MM) WIDE

FIGURE 1-15 CORNER CLOSURES - FLANGES

FIGURE 2-22 DUCT LINER INTERRUPTION

TABLE 3-2A ROUND DUCT GAGE UNREINFORCED POSITIVE PRESSURE

TABLE 3-2B ROUND DUCT GAGE NEGATIVE PRESSURE

FIGURE 3-1 SEAMS ROUND DUCT AND FITTINGS

FIG. 3-2 TRANSVERSE JOINTS ROUND DUCT

FIGURE 3-6 FLAT OVAL DUCTS

FIGURE 3-9 FLEXIBLE DUCT SUPPORTS

FIGURE 3-10 FLEXIBLE DUCT SUPPORTS

TABLE 4-1 RECTANGULAR DUCT HANGERS MIN. SIZE

TABLE 4-2 MINIMUM HANGER SIZES FOR ROUND DUCT

FIGURE 4-4 LOWER HANGER ATTACHMENTS

Questions & Answers

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