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Om Sri MahaaGanapathaye Namah Om Sri Gurubhyo Namah Om Rishibhyo Namah

Sri Maha Ganapathi Homam
Laghu Paddhati (Short Procedure)

By P.V.R. Narasimha Rao (www.VedicAstrologer.org)
Date of current version: 2007 May 19

A Word from the author

My spiritual master Dr Manish Pandit hails from Pune, India and lives in Manchester, UK. The
idea of spreading Mahaganapathi homam in the world was revealed to him in a dream a few
years ago. He saw eight elevated beings in a dream. They transported him across blue skies to
Chennai, India, where he was shown the big fire that was to be lighted in future. They assured
him that homam as a spiritual sadhana was very appropriate in Kali yuga and that the practice of
homam would transform into a movement that would reach across caste, class and race barriers.

Later, when we were performing a Shata Chandi Homam in the first week of March 2006 at the
Kalikambal temple in Chennai, he had a darshan of Divine Mother on a Friday and was
reassured by Her about the right course of events regarding spreading homam.

Starting from that Shata Chandi homam, a chain of events led to the preparation of this
document. It is hoped that spiritual seekers interested in homam will find this resource useful.

What is Homam

Homam is a fire ritual. It is also known as homa or havan or yajna (yagya) or yajana. In homam,
divine presence is invoked into fire using specific procedures. Then materials are offered into
fire, along with sacred chants (mantras). The offerings are supposed to reach gods. It is
interesting to note that fire ritual is an ancient practice and several religions taught worshipping
gods in fire.

Why Homam

Hinduism teaches that gods come into fire and receive the prayers of spiritual aspirants. Even
when one meditates without an external fire, gods being meditated on come into the internal fire
of the aspirant and receive the mantras via that fire. However, the internal fire is quite weaker
than an external fire for most people and hence it is beneficial to perform worship using an
external fire. That practice eventually strengthens the internal fire also.

We all see and feel our sthoola sareera (gross body), which is made up of gross matter. But, we
also have a sookshma sareera (subtle body) made up of subtle matter. It cannot be perceived by
the senses attached to the gross body (eyes, ears, nose etc). It contains thousands of naadis,
which are essentially subtle channels of energy flow. A fire called bhootaagni (existential fire)
burns in this subtle body. It is the subtle basis of ones entire existence. It manifests in the gross
body in the form of various fires. Examples are the fire in the stomach that helps one digest the
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food eaten and the fire in the brain that helps one digest and understand various sense
experiences.

This bhootaagni is vital to ones existence. In most people, it is quite weak. Due to impurities
and obstructions in the naadis of the subtle body, this fire cannot burn strongly to energize the
entire existence. When it burns low, the divine presence that can enter it is quite limited in
magnitude.

If one overcomes the internal weaknesses such as desire, anger, greed, false prestige, wantonness
and jealousy, develops compassion, one-pointed devotion, detachment, and sheds one layer of
ego and delusion after another, eventually the impurities in the naadis will be cleared and
bhootaagni will burn strong. However, this is a very difficult and time-consuming process.

One can take advantage of an external fire in that regard. The external fire is actually a reflection
of the internal fire only. A mirror placed next to an object seems to show a second object but, in
reality, shows a different representation of the same object. Similarly, the external fire mirrors
the internal fire. As the deity of homam enters the external fire on a regular basis, the nearby
divine presence burns the impurities in the naadis, by burning various karmas (actions from the
past, which will get corresponding reactions in the future) in the kaarana sareera (causal body).
This eventually leads to the strengthening of bhootaagni.

After one performs homam for a long enough time, ones naadis are cleared of the obstructions
and ones bhootaagni burns brightly. At that juncture, all sadhanas performed by one, including
regular meditation, become much more effective. If bhootaagni can accommodate divine
presence to a larger degree, the meditation becomes more effective.

The goal of all sadhana is to let ego go completely and merge (have yoga) with divinity. If a
vacuum can be created within oneself, then divine presence can fill the vacuum. As long as one
has egotism, sense of false prestige and various kinds of conditioning (vasanas) of mind, such a
vacuum cannot be created. When all those cease and the conditioning is weakened, the mind
become extremely calm and a vacuum is created within. Then divine presence fills one and the
result is indescribable bliss.

Homam facilitates this process quickly by burning various karmas that are creating various
layers of conditioning and obstructing spiritual progress.

Apart from the personal benefits, there are universal benefits of homam. The offerings in the fire
finally reach Sun, who feeds the entire earth. The gross material body of the burnt offerings
reaches the gross material body of Sun. The subtle body of the burnt offerings reaches the subtle
body of Sun. It is the subtle body of Sun that feeds the subtle bodies of all beings on earth. Thus,
feeding it is very important for the smooth running of life on earth. As we enter the Ghora Kali
(terrible age of strife and disorderliness) phase, adharma (un-righteous activities) will be on the
rise in the world and as such the subtle body of Sun will become weaker. If more and more
people perform homam and strengthen the subtle body of Sun, it will balance the adharma and
keep the world away from a total collapse.

Common Mis-conceptions

(1) Misconception: Homam is very difficult to perform. It is for experts only.
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Comment: Not really. Several people who did not know anything about how to do any kind of
worship conducted homam by themselves by reading this document. It is a simple practice.

(2) Misconception: One must either do a perfect homam or not do any homam at all. A perfect
homam takes a very long time.

Comment: Though one may eat a sumptuous meal on an important festival day, one does not
necessarily get a lot of energy from it. One gets most of ones energy from the regular dal
(lentils) and rice that one eats everyday.

Though there are complicated versions of homam, it is better to do a simple homam on a regular
basis than to do a complicated version very rarely. A small half-hour or one-hour homam done
on a daily basis is far better for spiritual sadhana than a big annual or half-yearly homam.

(3) Misconception: If mistakes happen in a homam, the consequences will be bad.

Comment: If a homam is performed with a saattwik spirit for saattwik purposes, there are no
risks.

If you act nice with your parents because you want their money, you have to understand their
thinking well, take the advice of people who know them well and act very carefully to get money
from them. Mistakes can be costly and spoil your goal.

But, if you act nice with your parents simply because you love them and want to show your love,
you do not need to be careful. You just show your love in whatever way you know. There is no
need to follow anybodys advice strictly and there are no risks.

Similarly, you have to be careful if you perform a homam for certain material goals (such as
getting money, attracting someone, destroying someone etc). If you perform a homam just to
show your love to god, cleanse yourself spiritually and make yourself worthy of divine
communion, then there are no risks. The procedure taught in this document is based on the
teachings of rishis and it is safe for anybody to use. Small mistakes will not result in any
punishment.

In fact, it is expected that everybody who uses this document is interested in only the second
kind of goal, i.e. spiritual cleansing and upliftment.

(4) Misconception: One not initiated by a guru (master) cannot perform homam or recite certain
mantras.

Comment: If one receives a mantra or a procedure from the mouth of a master, it is analogous to
a millionaire opening a bank account in his sons name with a high starting balance. The son is
lucky, as he is starting off with a big balance. Similarly, some of the siddhi (attainment) the
master has in the mantra or procedure is transferred to the disciple even as (s)he starts out.

If one does not receive a mantra or a procedure from the mouth of a master, it is analogous to
starting off with a zero bank balance. While it is useful to start off with a positive balance, it is
neither necessary nor sufficient. There are sons of millionaires who used up the millions earned
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by parents and reduced them to zero, while there are some self-made men who made millions
purely with self-effort. Similarly, one taught by the greatest guru can fall while one not taught by
a guru can reach the ultimate. While it is desirable to have a guru, it is by no means compulsory.

If one is the kind who needs to have a guru figure behind every mantra or procedure, one can
think of the author and/or his spiritual master, Dr Manish Pandit from Pune, India (currently
residing in Manchester, UK) as the guru for this homam procedure.

(5) Misconception: Those who are not learned in Veda cannot recite Veda mantras and perform
homam based on Veda mantras.

Comment: Jnaneshwar was a 12
th
century master. He was a great Krishna devotee. When he was
asked to not recite Veda by a council of erudite scholars, as he was not formally qualified, he
replied that every being had a right to recite Veda. When he started reciting, they tried to shut his
mouth. Then, a buffalo standing next to him recited Veda! The scholars begged his pardon and
corrected their narrow-minded attitude.

Many great souls like him taught that Veda could be recited by anyone. One engaged in tantric
practices that serve specific purposes and give specific siddhis (attainments) need to be afraid of
side effects and punishments for mistakes, but mantras from Veda were taught by great rishis for
the highest purpose of self-realization. One reciting them need not be afraid of any side effects.
Veda mantras are saattwik, self-correcting and ultimately leading to self-realization.

Those who have an affinity to tantric practices should not be discouraged from learning and
using them, but those who appreciate the teachings of rishis must be encouraged to recite Veda
mantras and perform homam based on Veda mantras. The key is to have an attitude of
submission and a desire for nothing other than self-realization and to do homam without any
expectations whatsoever. Then there are no risks.

The procedure taught in this document contains just a few Veda mantras, which are not very
difficult to pronounce.

(6) Misconception: Those who are not born in a Brahmin family cannot perform homam.

Comment: Ones varna (caste) is not to be determined solely from the family one is born in.
There are examples of men born to parents belonging to various castes performing tapascharya
and becoming rishis. Maharshi Viswamitra, who taught the Savitru Gayatri mantra, was a
kshatriya by birth. Maharshi Valmiki, who taught Brahma Jnana to Maharshi Bharadwaja, was a
shoodra by birth.

One who has affinity to knowledge is a Brahmin (scholar). One who has affinity to power and
authority is a kshatriya (warrior). One who has affinity to money is a vaisya (trader). One who
has affinity to carnal pleasures is a shoodra (worker). If a person born in a Brahmin family is
after money, he becomes a vaisya and not a Brahmin. On the other hand, if a person born in a
vaisya family desires nothing but knowledge and self-realization, he automatically becomes a
Brahmin and very fit to perform homam.

Irrespective of the caste of birth, one who is interested in knowledge (especially knowledge of
self) and one whose interest in power, money and pleasures is decaying is fit to perform homam.
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(7) Misconception: Women cannot perform homam.

Comment: There is a big difference between men and women when it comes to the gross body.
But, at the level of subtle body or causal body, there is no difference based on gender. All
spiritual practices operate mainly at the subtle and causal level. So, it makes no sense to have a
total ban on women performing homam.

However, there are some practical reasons behind the biases of tradition. Though there are no
differences based on gender in the subtle body, the differences at the gross body level can come
into play in the initial stages. Women interested in performing homam may carefully consider
the following factors and make their decision.

Any spiritual practice performed well over a period of time eventually results in a Kundalini
awakening and rise. Kundalini is nothing but ones self-identification. It is a microcosmic
representation of the Divine Mother within oneself. It defines how one identifies oneself. Though
everything in the universe is just Brahman, each being forms a separate self-identity and that
self-identity is reinforced quite strongly with time. When one identifies completely with the body
without any kind of questioning, Kundalini is asleep. As kundalini wakes up and rises, one starts
to wonder who am I and ones awareness of self becomes more and more refined. As kundalini
reaches higher chakras, one realizes ones true nature. When Kundalini reaches Sahasrara
chakra, one realizes ones truest nature, i.e. one realizes that one is the formless Brahman.

If Kundalini gets stuck at swadhishthana chakra, ones sexual drive increases and one is tested in
that matter. In this matter, women and men are very different. This phase can be difficult for
women. This is not to say that this phase is easy for men.

More importantly, some spiritual experiences in a pregnant lady can even kill a fetus, if the soul
in it is not spiritually elevated. On the positive side, if an elevated soul is in the fetus at the time
of such experiences, a siddha may be born.

There is a negative for every positive and it is a matter of balancing the factors and making an
individual decision. Women interested in homam should consider the above factors and decide
whether they want to perform homam or not. If any women are interested, they should be
encouraged to perform homam.

(8) Misconception: Homam is just like meditation. It is not any better. It does not really make
any difference.

Comment: The proof of the pudding is in eating it. If one tries performing a homam to the best of
ones ability on a daily basis for a few months, one will know what homam can do! After doing
homam for several months, one will find that all other sadhanas one does become more effective
as a result of homam.

(9) Misconception: One should get a priest to do homam and not do it oneself.

Comment: Let us revisit a previous analogy. If one wants to be nice to ones parents to get their
money, one may engage someone who will act on ones behalf to get the money of parents. But,
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if ones sole purpose is to just love ones parents and show that love, it is better to do it directly
than to engage other people.

Why Mahaganapathi Homam

Mahaganapathi removes obstacles in ones sadhana (spiritual practice). He sits in the mooladhara
chakra, where the sushumna nadi begins. He pierces the sushumna nadi and makes the energy
rise through it. Mahaganapathi is a very important deity for Kundalini awakening and Kundalini
rise, which is the first step in self-realization. Thus, it is an excellent idea to start ones spiritual
practice with Mahaganapathi homam.

About This Document

This document describes a short procedure for performing Sri Maha Ganapathi homam, which
takes 45-60 minutes. This document is for those who are interested in performing Maha
Ganapathi homam by themselves every day or week or month. While it is possible to simplify
this procedure further for daily use, the procedure taught here is simple enough and yet retains all
the important steps in a full-fledged homam. It is recommended that one should use the
procedure as is, to start with.

One should consult ones elders and gurus and decide whether one is allowed to perform a
homam or not. If one thinks one is allowed to do homam and is interested in doing homam on a
regular basis but does not know how to do it, then one can use this document to learn one way to
do it. If ones gurus have taught one a different procedure, one may use the procedure taught by
ones gurus. This document is for the benefit of those who do not know any procedure and want
to learn some procedure to do homam.

Excessive Movement of Body and Mind

Some people move a lot when they meditate. As it was mentioned earlier, the goal of all sadhana
is to calm the mind down and create a vacuum within oneself, so that the deity of the sadhana
can come and occupy the space. When meditating, it is a good idea to keep the back straight
without making it too tense. It is a good idea to not move. If it is not possible to stay still for
extended periods, one should at least try to stay still over short periods of time. It is also a good
idea to close the eyes. One can focus ones mind on either a deity or on the sound of the mantra.

Similarly, when performing homam also, it is a good idea to keep the back straight and minimize
the movement, especially of the back. If one keeps the back and head erect and manages with a
minimal movement of just one arm, that is ideal.

If body is stationary, there is some chance that mind too will become stationary for a while in the
middle. That is the goal after all.

Correct Attitude

While it is good to follow the procedure faithfully, it is even more important to surrender oneself
to god, leave ego and identify ones self with the deity in the fire when performing the homam. If
that is there, all other minor errors will have no negative effect. If that is not there, even an
impeccably performed homam will not have any tangible effect. Like mentioned earlier, the goal
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is to melt ego (I-ness or sense of self) and create a vacuum within oneself, so that the deity can
fill it. Complete devotion, single-minded focus on deity/mantra/procedure and minimization of
the activity of body and mind can help one achieve that eventually.

If one has an over-active mind, doing pranayama before homam can be useful. The time around
sunrise in the morning is a particularly conducive to a pleasant Mahaganapathi homam.

Materials Needed

One homa kundam (a copper container with preferably a square shaped base). If a homa
kundam is not available, one can dig a square shaped pit in the ground (with 1-2 foot sides
and half to one foot deep) and arrange a few layers of bricks around the pit. It is symbolic of
the mooladhara chakra.
A small idol of Ganesha. If you have none, use a metallic coin or any metallic object.
Actually, you can do without any idol and just invoke Mahaganapathi in fire.
Dry coconut halves (available in Indian stores)
Ghee from cows milk (clarified butter from cows milk). It is available in Indian stores. If
unable to find, just get some butter and melt it in low heat. After it melts, some black stuff
will separate from the melted liquid. Filter out the black deposit and use the liquid. It will
solidify after a time. Before the homam, melt it again and use it.
A mixture of various auspicious materials, from the havan samagri (available in India
stores), if possible.
Some sesame seeds, some mamra/murmura (puffed white rice), some nuts, some mildly
popped corn and other materials that can be offered in fire. Small fruits are also fine. All
these are optional. The absolute minimum needed is coconut pieces and ghee.
A wooden spoon/ladle to put ghee into the fire
Some akshatas. Those can be made by mixing raw (uncooked) white rice grains with a drop
of sesame oil (or some other oil) and a pinch of turmeric powder. Instead of turmeric powder,
one can also use vermilion (kumkum) powder used for the dot on the forehead.
Some darbhas (dried blades of sacred grass). Check with a local temple priest to find out how
to procure them. If darbhas are unavailable, you may think of creative alternatives. For
example, find some other dry grass or dry leaves or just thin twigs and pray to your ishta
devata before the homam to make them acceptable.
A small container to light a sesame oil/ghee deepam (lamp). A candle can also be used as an
alternative, though it is better to burn ghee and sesame oil than wax.
A wick to place in oil to light the fire.
A match box to light fire
An incense stick (agarbatti) if available and a holder to stick it to (a banana can be used
instead)
Camphor and a container or plate for lighting camphor and offering haarati
Some flowers, if available.
Some food that you can offer to god. Preferably onion, garlic, spices and too much of chillies
should be avoided. Fruits are also fine.
Some honey, if available.
Some milk, if available.
One tumbler or cup to store water. It should preferably be made of silver or copper or clay. If
unavailable, you may use steel or glass.
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One spoon (preferably silver or copper) and two small bowls (preferably silver or copper).

Preparation Before Homam

(1) Instead of arranging homa kundam directly on the floor, place a wood plank or something on
the floor, wrapped with aluminum foil (or some such thing), and put 4 bricks of the same
height on it and place the homa kundam on the bricks. Thus, there is some air and a wooden
plank under the homa kundam and the floor does not get heated up.
(2) If you want easy cleaning, place some aluminum foils on the floor all around the plank
containing homa kundam. If ghee or something is spilled in that area, it is easy to clean.
(3) If you want, you can also cover the interior of homa kundam with some aluminum foils, so
that it is easy to clean.
(4) Mix a little honey and a little ghee (e.g. half spoon each) and make a paste. Keep it aside.
(5) Make a couple of different food items you can offer to god. You can just use rock sugar
candy or raisins or dates or fruits also. Try to not use eggs, meat, onion or garlic in that food.
(6) Cook a little plain white rice. I put a few grains of rice and a little water in a small container
and put it in microwave oven before my homam and cooked rice is ready at the end when I
need it.
(7) Fill water in the tumbler/cup and place the spoon in it. Put one small empty bowl next to it.
Fill the other small bowl with water.
(8) Make a seat for yourself in front of the homa kundam. Ideally you should be facing east, i.e.
homa kundam should be on the east from you. On the east of the homa kundam, place a small
plate or a wooden plank, make a pile of some rice grains on it and place the idol on it. You
can decorate based on your ability and taste.

Homam Procedure

Anujnaa (Permission)

First take permission of gods to do the homam. Say the following, while mentally requesting all
the gods to co-operate with your homam.

V +&F4lP (-4+PBl9BH |P (4 |P4 +l HF6 H+ll+ (|49l 44-6- H 6 =l4 P H (-
B4l l-
om ddhasyma ha vyairnama sopa sadya | mi tra de va mi tra dheya no astu| a n r dhn
ha vi va rdhaya nta| a ta jve ma a rada sav r|

If you have a pavitram (a ring made of darbha or a special ring made of metal), wear it now. If
you dont have a pavitram, take any ring that you have, pray to your ishta devata and wear it. It
should be worn on the right hand ring finger.

Aachamanam

Light the ghee/oil lamp. Take a little water from the tumbler into your right hand with a spoon.
Drink the water after saying the first line below. Take more water with the spoon into your hand,
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say the second line below and drink it. Take more water, say the third line below and drink it.
Imagine that Vishnu who is within you is getting that water.

V TH4l4 F4l(l
V +ll4Tl4 F4l(l
V Pl4l4 F4l(l
om keavya svh
om nryaya svh
om mdhavya svh

Vighneswara Pooja

In order to not have any obstacles in the pooja, we have to pray to Ganesha in the beginning. Just
read the following verses:

H Jl 4 |4!T H|H4T 6 = 9B4(+ \4l4 6 B4 |4l 9Hl-64 +
H=l++ 9TlT =l++P(|+ H H+ T( 6 l+l 9T(-6 79lFP( +
446 7 P(lTl4 Tl |B 4 BP9 |+|4 T 6 P ( 4 B4 Tl4 9 B4 (l+
uklmbaradhara viu aivara caturbhuja| prasannavadana dhyyet sarva
vighnopantaye|| agajnana padmrka gajnanamaharnia| anekada ta bhaktnm
ekadantam upsmahe|| vakratua mahkya koisryasamaprabha| nirvighna kuru me
deva sarvakryeu sarvad||

Pray within your mind to Ganesha to remove obstacles from your homam. If you have time,
energy and inclination (or when you are doing a longer version), you can even make a small
Ganesha idol with turmeric and water and do shodasopachaara pooja to the idol (like at the
beginning of most poojas). But just reading the above verses and praying to Ganesha in mind
should suffice for a short homam that is performed on a regular basis.

Praanaayaamam

Take some akshatas (see Materials Needed for a description of how to make them) in the right
hand, show them near the tip of the nose, transfer them to the left palm, place the left palm on the
left lap, hold the nostrils with the right hand and do praanaayaamam. Place the little finger and
ring finger on the left nostril and thumb on the right nostril. Close the left nostril, open the right
nostril by releasing the thumb and say the Gayatri mantra mentally while gently breathing in
(without making any breathing sound). If you dont know the Gayatri mantra, just say:

V +Pl 46 4lB ( 4l4
om namo bhagavate vsudevya

After saying the mantra once, close the right nostril with the thumb and say the mantra once
more while retaining the air breathed in. Then open the left nostril by relaxing the little and ring
fingers and say the mantra for the third time while breathing out through the left nostril. When
done, say the mantra once more, while breathing in through the left nostril. Then close the left
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nostril with little and ring fingers and say the mantra for the fifth time while retaining the air
breathed in. Then release the thumb and say the mantra for the sixth time while breathing out
through the right nostril. While reading the mantra all the six times, contemplate the formless
supreme Brahman (supreme soul of the entire universe) that fills each being of this universe and
also the air being breathed in and out. If you want, you can imagine a specific form (such as your
ishta devata) also and imagine that your ishta devata fills the entire universe. If you want, you
can repeat the above sequence as many times as you comfortably can.

Sankalpam

Now, declare your intention of doing a homam to please Maha Ganapathi. Transfer the akshatas
to the right hand, place the open left palm (empty) on right lap, place the closed right palm
containing akshatas on the left palm. Then say the following, while mentally thinking that you
are going to do a homa to the best of your ability, to please Maha Ganapathi.

V PPl 9l BPF6 |64ll ~l 9P H 9lt4 P ~l P(lT9|6 9Bl( |B& P HH H |(+ H P [6
~l P(lT9|6 (l PTP 4lH| T|!4
om mamoptta samasta duritakayadvr r paramevara prtyartham r mahgaapati
prasda siddhyartham adya ubhadine ubhamuhrte r mahgaapati homakarma yathakti
kariye|

Then leave the akshatas from your hand in front of the homa kundam and sprinkle a little bit of
water on the palms.

Kalasa Suddhi

When you are doing a long version of the homam, you can establish a kalasam in the
northeastern side of the homa kundam and invoke Varuna in it and do shodasopachaara pooja to
Varuna. For a short homam, you can just do the following.

Place a few akshatas and a flower (if available) in the tumbler containing water. If you can, put
Dhenu mudra (else, dont worry). Say

4
va

eleven times and imagine that the water is being energized with positive energy. Say

4P + 4 l (l4| BF4|6
+P ( |B- Tl4 | = 5|FP+ B|| T 6+
HP 6 46

gage ca yamune caiva godvari sarasvati |
narmade sindhu kveri jale'smin sannidhi
kuru ||
amta bhavatu|
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Then take a little water with a flower (or spoon) and sprinkle it on yourself, on homa kundam, on the idol
you are going to use and other materials to be used in homam (like fruits and flowers). Take some more
water, sprinkle it in the middle of the homa kundam and say:

T
pha

Take a darbha (see Materials Needed for a description) and draw 6 lines with the darbha on the
base of the homakundam, in the same order as shown in Figure 1. The direction in which each
line is drawn is indicated by the direction of the arrow in the figure. Say the following six
mantras while drawing the six lines (respectively).

V OT +P-
om brahmae nama|
V 4Pl4 +P-
om yamya nama|
V Bl Pl4 +P-
om somya nama|
V 6l4 +P-
om rudrya nama|
V |4!T4 +P-
om viave nama|
V -l4 +P-
om indrya nama|


Figure 1


Agni Pratishthaapana

Take a darbha. Place it inside the homa kundam (on the base), with the tip of the darbha facing
east and the other end facing west. Take another darbha. Place it inside, with the tip of the darbha
facing north and the other end facing south.

Take a piece of camphor, light it from the lamp and place it in the middle of the homa kundam,
while saying:

V 4FB 4l P
om bhrbhuvassuvarom

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Place a small bowl filled with water outside the homa kundam in the eastern direction. Place a
dry coconut piece (or a log/twig/piece of wood) on the burning camphor and make sure that it
catches fire. Take two darbhas, dip them in melted ghee and place them in the fire, with the tips
facing east and north.

Take 4 darbhas (or just one darbha, if you dont have many darbhas). Place them outside the
homa kundam, along the eastern boundary. The tips should be facing north and the other end
facing south. Then take 4 more darbhas (or just one) and place them on the southern boundary,
with tips facing east and the other end facing west. Then take 4 more darbhas (or just one) and
place them on the western boundary, with tips facing north. Then take 4 more darbhas (or just
one) and place them on the northern boundary, with tips facing east. If you dont have darbhas,
use wood shims or twigs or creative alternatives.

Sprinkle water on the east of the homa kundam three times. Sprinkle a little water on the base of
the wooden spoon to be used in homam. Sprinkle a little water on the your right palm.

[There is some simplification here. Those who are interested can learn more from other sources.]

Take some water with the spoon and sprinkle it outside the homa kundam, on its four boundaries
while reading the following 4 mantras. The order and direction of sprinkling is shown in Figure
2. For example, first sprinkle water from the southwestern corner to the southeastern corner, as
shown by the arrow marked 1. Then follow other arrows marked as 2, 3 and 4.

H|( 6 5+ P-4F4
H+ P 6 5+ P-4F4
B F4 6 5+ P-4F4
(4 B|46- 9B4
adi te'nu manyasva
anu ma te'nu manyasva
sara sva te'nu manyasva
deva savi ta prasu va

Figure 2

13

Now we have to do samskara (refinement) to the fire. Pour 8 drops of ghee in the fire while
saying the following mantra 8 times.

V 4 FB 4 - F4l(l
om bhrbhuva ssuva svh |

Now pray to Agni (fire god) with the following mantra:

t4l| HlN4l HF4 9l(l Hl9 B8(F6lBl HF4
|l 4 &l 4 9 l l 4l|6 P (l ( 4l Pt4l Hl|4 4 H
9 9 |( ( 4- 9 |(Hl + B4l - 9 4l |( =l 6- B 7 H -6-
B |4 =l4 Pl+- B =|+ !4Pl T- 9t4 = P Gl |F6U|6 |4 H6l P G-
9l= P Gl ( 4 ( HP PPl|P Gl 4
ca tvri g strayo asya pd dve re sa ptahast so a sya |
tridh baddho vabho roravti maho devo marty vivea |
e a hi de va pra dio nu sarv prvo hi j ta sa u garbhe a nta |
sa vi jya mna sa jani yam a pratya mukh stihati vi vato mukha |
prmukho deva| he agne| mambhimukho bhava|

Dikpaala Pooja

Now, take some akshatas and also some flowers (if available) and offer them to the rulers of
directions. Starting with the eastern edge of the homa kundam, go clockwise (i.e. east, southeast,
south, southwest etc) and offer akshatas and flowers in the eight directions. You can place them
on the edges of the homa kundam. Then offer akshatas and flowers to Agni in the middle of the
homa kundam. Finally, touch your heart and offer respect to the self (soul). For the 8+1+1=10
offerings, say the following 10 mantras:

V -l4 +P- V HP4 +P- V 4Pl4 +P- V |++ 64 +P- V 46Tl4 +P- V 4l44 +P- V
Bl Pl4 +P- V Hl+l4 +P- V HP4 +P- V HltP+ +P-
om indrya nama | om agnaye nama| om yamya nama| om nirtaye nama| om
varuya nama| om vyave nama| om somya nama| om nya nama| om agnaye
nama| om tmane nama|

14
Preliminary Offerings

Now take a little ghee in the wooden spoon/ladle and offer it in the fire to Prajapati. Hold the
wooden ladle/spoon pointing from the northwest towards southeast and offer a little ghee (just a
drop, if you dont want any smoke) saying the following mantra. [NOTE: Ideally, two ladles
should be used in homam and the next two mantras need two different ladles. We will simplify
the procedure to use a single ladle/spoon.]

V 9=l964 F4l(l 9=l964 ( + PP
om prajpataye svh | prajpataya ida na mama|

Then offer a little ghee to Indra by holding the spoon pointing from the southwest towards
northeast, saying the following mantra:

V -l4 F4l(l -l4 ( + PP
om indrya svh | indryeda na mama|

Then offer a little ghee to Soma in the upper half of the northern side with the following mantra:

V Bl Pl4 F4l(l Bl Pl4 ( + PP
om somya svh | somyeda na mama|

Finally, offer a little ghee to Agni in the middle with the following mantra:

V HP4 F4l(l HP4 ( + PP
om agnaye svh | agnaya ida na mama|

Now, we have to offer a forgiveness offering to Prajapati to request his forgiveness for all the
mistakes that happened in the homa upto this point, with the following mantra:

Hl 9 |6 96tT94 -6 P\4 B l|46 BPF6 (l 9 9l4|l B4 9l4| (l !4l|P V 4 FB 4 -
F4l(l 9=l964 ( + PP
rambhaprabhti etatkaaparyanta madhye sambhvita samasta doa pryacittrtha
sarva pryacitta hoymi| om bhrbhuva ssuva svh | prajpataya ida na mama|

After making an offering to the basic gods as shown above, one can invoke Ganesha in the fire.
After the above preliminary offerings and before invoking Ganesha, one can also make offerings
to rishis. The author, for example, makes optional offerings to the seven rishis from whom his
gothra (lineage) originated. After that, Ganesha can be invoked.

15
Aavaahana

Now we have to invoke the deity in the idol and the fire. First, we say a Ganapathi mantra.
Before saying the mantra, we have to remember the rishi who gave the mantra to the world, the
metre and the deity. If you know how to do anganyaasam and karanyaasam, do it while saying
the following. Otherwise, just read the following.

HF4 ~l P(l T9|6 P F4 TT +|9- |+ Jl4l 7-(- ~l P(l T9|6( 46l l 4l= l H|-
TlT l H Ul-4l +P- l 6= +l-4l +P- P\4Pl-4l +P- H+l|PTl-4l +P- l T|+|UTll
+P- - T6 T9 Ul-4l +P- l (4l4 +P- l |HB F4l(l |HGl4 49 T4l4 l
+ 4l4 4l 9 - HNl4 T 4FB 4l |P|6 |(4 -
asya r mah gaapati mantrasya gaaka i nicdgyatr chanda r mah gaapatirdevat|
gl bja| gl akti| gl klaka| gm aguhbhy nama| g tarjanbhy
nama| g madhyambhy nama| gaim anmikbhy nama| gau kanihikbh
nama| ga karatala karaphbhy nama| g hdayya nama| g irase svh| g
ikhyai vaa| gai kavacya hu| gau netratrayya vaua| ga astrya pha|
bhrbhuvassuvaromiti digbandha|

Now invoke the deity in the fire and the idol with the following mantra. While saying it, imagine
that Mahaganapathi who is in your own heart is entering the fire and the idol.

V Hl l 4l 4 4 H 9 B ( V ( B- Bl 5( Bl 5( ( B- P(lT96 - 9lT ( 9lT- =l4 ( |F6-
B4 |-4l|T 4l= P+ - ~l |=llT 9lTl9l+-4l+l (l+BPl+l- ( 4lt4 B G | |6U-6 F4l(l Bl|\4
T 4 -6 F4l(l HB +l 6 9 + FPlB - 9 + - 9l T|P ( +l ( |( l 74l 19 74 P B 4 P -6P+ P6 P =4l +-
F4 |F6 Hl l 4l 4l l Hl Hl l 4l 4l l Hl Hl l 4l 4l l Hl Hl l 4l 4l l Hl
P(lT9|6 9lTH4 +P- 9 (l9 6P |+4 (+ BP9 4l|P
om hr kro ya ra la va a a sa ha om hasa so'ha so'ha hasa
mahgaapate pra iha pra| jva iha sthita| sarvendriyi vmanacaku rotra
jihvghra prpnavynodnasamn ihaivgatya sukha cira tihantu svh|
snnidhya kurvantu svh| asu n te puna ra smsu caku puna pr ami ha no dehi
bhoga | jyokpa yema s ryamu ccara ntamanumate m ay na sva sti| hr kro kro
hrm | hr kro kro hrm | hr kro kro hrm | hr kro kro
hrm | mahgaapati praaktyai nama| dhpa dpa ghtamadhu nivedana
samarpaymi|

Now, light an incense stick (agarbatti/dhoopam). Wait a few seconds and extinguish the fire at
the end of the stick. There should be a burning red dot at the end (and no fire) and smoke coming
16
from it. Show the smoke to the deity in the fire and place the stick on an incense stick stand (or
stick it in a banana). Show the lamp to the deity in the fire. Show the mixture of honey and ghee
you prepared earlier (or an alternative food) to the deity and imagine that he tasted it.

Now read the following and make the aavaahani, samsthaapani, sannidhaapani, sannirodhini and
avakunthana mudras with your hands if you know them. If not, dont worry and just read.

Hl4l|(6l 4 Fl|96l 4 B||(6l 4 B|6&l 4 H4T|6l 4 (4 9Bl( 9Bl( (4 B4
=l 4l4&l Pl4Bl+TP 6l4x4 9l|6l4 + P 6l HPl B|| T 6
vhito bhava| sthpito bhava| sannihito bhava| sanniruddho bhava| avakuhito bhava|
deva prasda prasda| deva sarva jaganntha yvaddhomvasnakam| tvattva prtibhvena
mrtau agnau ca sannidhi kuru|

While saying this, pray to Ganapathi in your mind and ask him to stay in the fire and the idol till
the end of the homam.

Shodasopachaara Pooja

Now, we have to do shodasopachaara pooja (a worship consisting of 16 services) to
Mahaganapathi who is in fire and the idol.

Say the line below and think in the mind that you are offering a nice seat to Mahaganapathi to sit
on. While imagining that, just offer a few akshatas to the idol and the fire.

V ~l l Jl ~l P(lT964 +P- HlB+ BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl r mahgaapataye nama| sana samarpaymi|

Now, say the line below imagine that you are washing his feet. While imagining that, show a
little water with the spoon to the fire and leave the water in a small empty bowl (we will call it
the deposit bowl from now onwards).

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 9l(4l - 9lH BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye pdayo pdya samarpaymi|

Say the line below, imagine that you are washing the hands of Mahaganapathi, show a little
water in the spoon to the fire and leave it in the deposit bowl.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 (F64l - H4 BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye hastayo arghya samarpaymi|

17
Say the line below, imagine that you are offering drinking water to Mahaganapathis mouth,
show a little water in the spoon to the fire and leave it in the deposit bowl.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 P G H &lP+l4 BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye mukhe uddhcamanya samarpaymi|

Say the first sentence below, imagine that you are giving a bath to Mahaganapathi, show a little
water in the spoon to the fire and leave it in the deposit bowl. Say the second sentence below,
imagine that you are giving drinking water to Mahaganapathis mouth after bath, show a little
water in the spoon to the fire and leave it in the deposit bowl.

V ~l l Jl P(lT9|6 H94l|P Hl+l+-6 HlP+l4 BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapati snapaymi| snnnantaram camanya samarpaymi|

Say the line below, imagine that you are offering a pair of nice clothes (one in the top and one in
the bottom, i.e. like a shirt and a pant) and offer a few akshatas to the idol and the fire.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 4Nl|T l4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye vastri dhraymi|

Say the line below, imagine that you are offering a yajnopaveetam (sacred thread) and offer a
few akshatas to the idol and the fire.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 4l 94l6 BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye yajopavta samarpaymi|

Say the line below, imagine that you are offering nice jewelry and offer a few akshatas to the
idol and the fire.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 HlTl|+ BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye bharani samarpaymi|

Say the line below and offer a little bit of sandalwood paste, turmeric powder, kumkum powder
and akshatas to the idol and the fire. If you dont have all these, just sprinkle a few akshatas on
the idol and the fire.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 -l+ l4l|P (|l T T P BP9 4l|P H6l+ BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye gandhn dhraymi| haridr kukuma samarpaymi|
akatn samarpaymi|
18

Keep sprinkling a few flowers or flower petals or akshatas on the idol and the fire while reading
the following 16 names of Mahaganapathi. Make sure you put very little amount of materials in
the fire, so that you dont extinguish it accidentally. Offer most things to the idol instead. Just
offer a token amount in the fire.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 9 !9 - 9 =4l|P V B P Gl4 +P- V 9T(-6l4 +P- V T|9l4 +P- V
=TT Tl4 +P- V 4l (l4 +P- V |4Tl4 +P- V |4l=l4 +P- V PT 64 +P- V
Tl\4l4 +P- V Tl-l4 +P- V =l++l4 +P- V 446 7l4 +P- V H 9 TTl 4 +P- V
( 4l4 +P- V FT-(9 4 =l4 +P- V |B|&|4+l4Tl4 +P- V ~l P(lTl|964 +P-
om r hr kl mahgaapataye pupai pjaymi| om sumukhya nama| om
ekadantya nama| om kapilya nama| om gajakarakya nama| om lambodarya
nama| om vikaya nama| om vighnarjya nama| om dhmaketave nama| om
gadhyakya nama| om phlacandrya nama| om gajnanya nama| om vakratuya
nama| om rpakarya nama| om herambya nama| om skandaprvajya nama| om
siddhivinyakya nama| om r mahgadhipataye nama|

Second part of Shodasopachaara Pooja

[When doing a pooja to Mahaganapathi again after poornaahuti, we can start here and do a
subset of the shodasopachara pooja.]

Say the following line and show the incense stick lighted before to the fire and the idol.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 9 Hll94l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye dhpam ghrpaymi|

Say the following line and show the lamp lighted before to the fire and the idol. Then show a
little water in the spoon to the fire and idol and leave it in the deposit bowl.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 (l9 (H 4l|P HlP+l4 BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye dpa daraymi| camanya samarpaymi|

Say the first sentence below, show one of the two food items you prepared (or fruits) to god and
imagine that he tasted it. If you know the standard procedure of offering naivedyam with the
Gayatri mantra, you can do it. Else, dont worry and just say the line below. When saying the
second line, imagine that you are offering a nice taamboolam (paan) to Mahaganapathi and offer
some akshatas in their place to the idol and the fire.

19
V ~l l Jl P(lT964 + 4 H BP9 4l|P 6l4 BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye naivedya samarpaymi| tmbla samarpaymi|

Place a little camphor on a camphor container or a plate, light it and make a clockwise vertical
circle in the air with the plate in front of the fire. Say the line below while you do it.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 T9 +ll=+ BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye karpranrjana samarpaymi|

Take a small flower (or some akshatas) in your right hand, say the following and offer the flower
to the idol (and perhaps a couple of petals into the fire). If you know Narayana Sooktam and/or
Mantrapushpam (and if you have time), read them first and then say the line below. Otherwise,
just this line will do. Imagine that you are offering a flower that captures the essence of all
mantras.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 P9 !9 BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye mantrapupa samarpaymi|

Say the following and bow before Mahaganapathi mentally. Of course, you can also get up, go
around the homa kundam once or thrice and bow down (or kneel down or lie down) in front of
the fire, if you are not in a hurry.

V ~l l Jl P(lT964 9(|T +PFTllT BP9 4l|P
om r hr kl mahgaapataye pradakia namaskr samarpaymi|

While you do all this, make sure that the fire gets going. Keep placing more dry coconut pieces if
necessary to keep the fire going. It may be tricky the first few times, but you will get used to it.
When necessary, you can sprinkle a little camphor powder in the fire to make it bigger.

Dasadha Vibhakta Moola Mantra

Now, we have to make ten offerings of ghee (ghee drops) for the ten parts of the moola mantra.
Say the following ten sentences. Offer a drop of ghee into the fire after each sentence.

V F4l(l V ~l F4l(l V ~l l F4l(l V ~l l Jl F4l(l V ~l l Jl l F4l(l V ~l l Jl
l F4l(l V ~l l Jl l T964 F4l(l V ~l l Jl l T964 44( F4l(l V ~l l
Jl l T964 44( B4 =+ F4l(l V ~l l Jl l T964 44( B4 =+ P 4HPl+4 F4l(l
F4l(l
20
om svh| om r svh| om r hr svh| om r hr kl svh| om r hr kl
glau svh| om r hr kl glau ga svh| om r hr kl glau ga
gaapataye svh| om r hr kl glau ga gaapataye varavarada svh| om r
hr kl glau ga gaapataye varavarada sarvajana svh| om r hr kl glau
ga gaapataye varavarada sarvajana me vaamnaya svh svh|

Mahaganapathi Mantras

Now, you can offer as many mantras of Mahaganapathi as you want. Suggested counts for each
mantra are 4 or 8 or 12 or 21 or 28 or 108 or 1008. At the end of the mantra, you have to add the
following (if it is not already present in the mantra) and then make an offering in the fire.

F4l(l
svh

When making the last offering with a mantra (i.e. you are going to stop that mantra after this
offering and switch to a different mantra), you add the following instead of the above:

4l 9
vaua

The offering can be a drop of ghee or sesame seeds or murmura/mamra (puffed white rice) or
havan samagri or small dry coconut pieces or small pieces of darbha. If you are doing homam on
a big scale with a big fire, you can even put banana slices, full coconuts, various fruits
(especially jack fruit, grapefruit, pomegranate and kapittha fruit), nuts (cashews, almonds etc),
modakas (a specific Indian cuisine item), sugar cane pieces, several sweets and snacks etc. But,
if you are doing on a small scale with a small fire, stick to sesame seeds, dry coconut pieces,
puffed white rice and ghee drops.

Three mantras are particularly important. The first one is the moola mantra with beejas. The
second one is a Vedic mantra. The two are given below (with swaha added already). After
them, you can read Ganapathi Atharva Seersham (also known as Ganapathi Upanishat). I
read the moola mantra 12 times, the Vedic mantra 8 times and Ganapathi Atharva Seersham 3
times in my daily homam that takes 55 minutes. You can decide your own counts. If you are
doing leisurely, you can add many more mantras from various books. It is a good idea to add the
mantra(s) of your ishta devata. If you do sadhana of a specific mantra like Gayatri mantra
everyday, it is a good idea to make 4 or 8 or 12 or 16 or 21 or 28 or 108 offerings with that
mantra too. The two main mantras (moola mantra and Vedic mantra) are given below.

V ~l l Jl l T964 44( B4 =+ P 4HPl+4 F4l(l
om r hr kl glau ga gaapataye varavarada sarvajana me vaamnaya svh|

21
V Tl+l t4l T9 |6 (4lP( T |4 T 4l +lP 9 P~ 4F6P 74 U l= O Tl OTF96 Hl +-
H '4 |6| FBl( Bl( + + F4l(l
om ga n tv ga apa ti havmahe ka vi ka v nmu pa mara vastama| jye ha rja
brahma brahmaaspata na vann tibhi ssda sda na|| svh |

Ganapathi Atharva Seersham is given in an appendix at the end of this document. It is a very
powerful prayer of Mahaganapathi. In fact, it is the highest prayer of Mahaganapathi. It lauds
Mahaganapathi as the source of creation, as the Supreme Being from whom all gods such as
Brahma, Vishnu and Rudra are derived. When read with correct swaram (intonation), it brings
inner peace and bliss.

Poornaahuti

After making offerings with 4/8/12/21/28/108/1008 repetitions of various mantras, you are ready
for Poornaahuti.

Now, you have to prepare a package for poornaahuti (complete offering). The normal
procedure is to place a full dry coconut, some metal coins, some turmeric, some sandalwood,
some kumkum, some akshatas, samples of some of the materials used in homam as offerings and
tie the cloth. We have a special wooden ladle called srk. We pour a little melted ghee in the
hole in srk, place the poornahuti package on it and place the other normal wooden ladle on top of
it, then say the poornaahuti mantra and drop the poornaahuti package in fire. Then, while reading
Rudra Chamakam, we pour the ghee in srk into fire.

For a simple homam with a small fire, the following is suggested. Place a few akshatas, one coin,
little sandalwood powder, turmeric powder, kumkum powder, samples of materials offered
earlier, in a dry coconut half. Make everyone attending the homam touch it and then say the
moolamantra given earlier 4/8/12 times while holding the poornaahuti in hand. Then place it on
the wooden ladle, say the mantra below and then place the coconut half in fire carefully with
hand (if you drop it on a small fire, it can extinguish the fire and also materials from the coconut
can spill everywhere in the homa kundam).

When offering poornaahuti, imagine that you are completely surrendering yourself to
Mahaganapathi. Poornaahuti basically means complete surrender. The full (or half) coconut
used in the poornaahuti is a symbol of ones head, i.e. ego (I-ness), which is to be sacrificed
(surrendered) to Mahaganapathi. Without that inner sense of surrender, an elaborate poornaahuti
ritual has no purpose. Most Vedic rituals are symbolic of certain inner changes that you bring
about within yourself, to remove obstacles within your sookshma sareera that are blocking self-
knowledge. The purpose of Veda is the knowledge of self (Aatman) and all rituals are ultimately
for that purpose. Doing rituals blindly is a good starting point, but at some stage, one has to
wonder about the inner meaning.
22

V Ol9 T O(|4 OlPl OTl 6 O 4 6 + -6-4 OTP BPl|+l+
V 9 T P(- 9 T |P( 9 Tl t9 T P ( 46 9 T F4 9 T Pl(l 4 9 T P 4l4|H !46 +
V 9 Tl |6 7P l = (l |6 B4 4 9 Tl |6- B4 P 4lUl |6 H6l 4 4 9 Tl |6- HF4lP 4 9|6|6U|6 V ~l l
Jl P(lT964 9 Tl |6 BP9 4l|P
om brahmrpaa brahmahavir brahmgnau brahma huta| brahmaiva tena gantavya
brahmakarma samdhin||
om pra mada pra mida pr tpra muda cyate| pra sya pra md ya
pra mevvai yate||
om prhutim uttam juhoti sarva vai prhuti| sarvamevpnoti ato iya vai
prhuti| asymeva pratitihati| om r hr kl mahgaapataye prhuti
samarpaymi|

Spread the burning dry coconut pieces that are already in the homa kundam and re-arrange them
around this new dry coconut half (poornaahuti), so that it can catch fire. Then take a little ghee
into the ladle and pour it slowly inside and along the edges of the dry coconut half while reading
the third verse from Rudra Chamakam. It is given below.

Dont pour too much ghee if you dont want much smoke. Just take one teaspoonful of ghee in
the wooden ladle and manage with it.

By the way, it is not necessary to put a full coconut or a half coconut for poornahuti. It is
sufficient to put a small dry coconut piece or something else also. But the quantity should be
sufficient to sustain the fire till the end of the homam.

V H P P4 P |9 4 P 5+ Tl P P TlP P Bl P+ B P P ~ 4 P 4F4 P 4H P
P |4 T P 4 -6l P 6l P P P |6 P |4H P P( P B |4 P l P B P 9 B P
Bl P 4 P+ 6 P 5P 6 P 54 P P 5+l P4 P =l 4l6 P (ll 4 t4 P 5+|P P 5 4
P B P H4 + P B 9l P B |(+ P +
om a ca me maya ca me pri ya ca me'nuk maca me kma ca me saumana saca me
bha dra ca me reya ca me vasya ca me yaa ca me bhaga ca me dravi a ca me ya nt ca me
dha rt ca me kemaca me dhti ca me viva ca me maha ca me sa vicca me jtra ca me
sca me pra sca me sra ca me la yaca ma ta ca me 'mta ca me'ya kma ca
me'n mayacca me j vtu ca me drghyu tva ca me'nami tra ca me'bha ya ca me su ga ca
me aya na ca me s ca me su dina ca me||

Now, we offer a subset of shodasopachaara pooja done earlier to Mahaganapathi again. Go to
second part of shodasopachaara pooja section and make the corresponding offerings to the fire
23
and the idol again (starting with the incense stick). When it is the time to offer naivedyam, offer
all the food and fruits you have. This is the last time food is offered to him. After showing the
food to god, you can drop a little bit into the fire also. If you drop it in the middle of the half
coconut used in poornaahuti, it will burn well. At the end, when you offer pradakshina
namaskaaras, it is a good idea to get up, go around the homa kundam once or thrice and bow
down (or kneel down or lie down) in front of the fire.

Uttaraangam (vote of thanks)

Now, offer one drop of ghee to Prajapati, then the controllers of the three worlds (bhuh fire
god, bhuvah wind god, who controls space too, suvah sun god for all the non-material
spiritual worlds), to Agni who processes the food for gods and makes it consumable and finally
Prajapati again. Read the following and offer a drop of ghee at each swaahaa.

V 9=l 96 + t4( 6l-4 -4l |4Hl =l 6l|+ 9| 6l 4 4 4tTl PlF6 = PF6l HF6 4 4 F4l P 96 4l
4l TlP F4l(l 9=l964 ( + PP+
V - F4l(l HP4 ( + PP+
V 4- F4l(l 4l44 ( + PP+
V B 4- F4l(l B 4l 4 ( + PP+
4( F4 TP Tl 5t4l | 4l -4 +|P (lT P H|P7 6 |F4 7 T |l+ B4 |F4 7 B 6 Tl 6 F4l(l HP4
|F47T 6 ( + PP+
V 4 FB 4- F4l(l 9=l964 ( + PP+
om praj pate na tvade tnya nyo viv j tni pari t ba bhva| yatk mste juhu mastanno astu
va ya sy ma pata yo ray m| svh | prajpataya ida na mama||
om bh svh | agnaya ida na mama||
om bhuva svh | vyava ida na mama||
om suva svh | sryyeda na mama||
yada sya karma o'tyar rica yadv ny nami hka ram| agnia t svi a kdvidvn sarva
svi a suhu ta karotu svh | agnaye sviakta ida na mama||
om bhrbhuva ssuva svh | prajpataya ida na mama||

Now do pranaayaamam again. The procedure of pranaayaamam is explained earlier.

Now, make three offerings to the fire god, asking for forgiveness for any mistakes committed
knowingly or unknowingly, while using fire as the medium. Read the following and offer a drop
of the ghee in the fire at each swaahaa.
24

H+l l6 4(ll 6 4 F4 |4 46 |P HP 6( F4 T -9 4 t4 |( 4 t 4 l 6P F4l(l HP4 ( + PP+
969B|P6l 4l 4- 969B|P6- HP 6(F4 T-94 t4 |( 4t 4l6P F4l(l HP4 ( + PP+
4t9l T l P+Bl (l +( l + 4 F4 P -46 P6l B- H|P 7&l 6l 4 6 |4| =l ++ 4|= Ul ( 4l+ +6Hl 4=l|6
F4l(l HP4 ( + PP+
an jta yadj ta ya jasya kri yate mithu | agne tada sya ka lpa ya tva hi vettha
ya th tatham| svh | agnaya ida na mama||
puru asammito ya jo ya ja puru asammita| agne tada sya ka lpa ya tva hi vettha
yath tatham| svh | agnaya ida na mama||
yatp ka tr manas d nada k na| ya jasya ma nvate mart sa| agni addhot
kra tu vidvi j nan| yaji ho de vn tu o ya jti | svh | agnaya ida na mama||

Next, three offerings are made to the fire god, wind god and sun god. Read the following and
offer a drop of the ghee in the fire at each swaahaa.

V - F4l(l HP4 ( + PP+
V 4- F4l(l 4l44 ( + PP+
V B 4- F4l(l B 4l 4 ( + PP+
om bh svh | agnaya ida na mama||
om bhuva svh | vyava ida na mama||
om suva svh | sryyeda na mama||

One final offering to Prajapati is made to beg for forgiveness for various mistakes made in the
homam, with respect to pronunciation, actions, procedure, devotion, materials used etc. Read the
following and offer of drop of ghee.

H|FP+ (l PTP |T P\4 B l|46 BPF6 P l 9 6 l 9 |44ll 9 |l 9 ~&ll 9 |+4Pl 9 |+Ull 9
-4l 9l|( BPF6 (l 9 9l4|l B4 9l4|l|6 (l !4l|P V 4 FB 4- F4l(l 9=l964 ( + PP+
asmin homakarmai madhye sambhvita samasta mantralopa tantralopa kriylopa bhaktilopa
raddhlopa niyamalopa nihlopa dravyalopdi samasta doa pryacittrtha sarva
pryacitthuti hoymi| om bhrbhuva ssuva svh | prajpataya ida na mama||

An offering to Vishnu and an offering to Rudra must be made before the homam can conclude.
Read the following two lines and offer a drop of ghee for each line. Think of Vishnu and Shiva.
25

V ~l |4!T 4 F4l(l |4!T4 9PltP+ ( + PP+
V +Pl 6l4 9H964 F4l(l 6l4 9H964 ( + PP+
om r via ve svh | viave paramtmana ida na mama||
om namo ru drya pau pata ye svh | rudrya paupataya ida na mama||

After making an offering to Rudra, wash the hand once. You can sprinkle a little bit water on the
right palm for that purpose.

The fire god (Agni) has carried all our offerings to various gods. So the final offering is to him.
Read the following and offer a drop of ghee in the fire.

B8 6 HP B |P- B 8|= l- B8 +94FB8- lP |94l|T B8 (ll B8 lt4l 4=|-6B84l+ll9TF4l 6+
F4l(l HP4 B846 ( + PP+
sapta te agne sa midha sa ptaji hv sapta a yassa pta dhma pri yi | sa pta hotr sapta
dhtv ya ja nti sa ptayon rp asv gh te na svh | agnaye saptavata ida na mama||

Now, we will not need any more ghee. Take the ghee container and place it in the northern side
of the homa kundam. Take some water in a spoon and sprinkle it around the homa kumdam as
shown in Figure 2. This is similar to what we did at the beginning, but the mantras to say are
different. Instead of the four mantras used earlier, use the following four mantras when
sprinkling water along the four arrows marked as 1, 2, 3 and 4 in Figure 2:

H|(65-4PFl-
H+ P 6 5-4 P Fl-
BF465-4PFl-
(4 B|46- 9lBl4l-
adi te'nva masth|
anu ma te'nva masth|
sara sva te'nva masth|
deva savita prs v|

Rakshaa

Now, take the darbhas placed at the beginning outside the homa kundam on the western side (or
new darbhas, if you did not place any darbhas along the boundaries due to lack of darbhas),
apply a little ghee to them and place the tips in fire. When they catch fire, remove them from the
fire, place them in a container and let the whole darbhas burn. The black ash you get is called
rakshaa (protection). At the end of the homam, you can apply a little rakshaa to the forehead of
the idol and then a little to your own forehead and the foreheads of others. This is believed to
protect from evil forces. You can store the rakshaa for future use on important occasions.

26
If your fire is too small and does not last till this point, you may consider taking rakshaa earlier.
But do it only after the partial shodasopachaara pooja after the poornaahuti.

It is not necessary to take raksha. One can skip this step.

Dhyaanam and Tarpanam

Now, read the moolamantra 12 times again. If you have time, you can do anga nyaasam and kara
nyaasam also again. This is just meditation, without any offerings made into fire.

Then, get a little milk in a cup or a tumbler. If you dont have milk, use water. Keep your right
palm horizontal, with the palm facing up. Make an upward vertical circle with thumb and index
finger. Pour a little milk in the palm. Then angle the palm slightly and make the milk drop from
the palm through the tips of middle and ring fingers into the homa kundam. While doing that, say
the following:

V ~l l Jl l T964 44( B4 =+ P 4HPl+4 F4l(l V ~l P(lT9|6 69 4l|P
om r hr kl glau ga gaapataye varavarada sarvajana me vaamnaya svh| om
r mahgaapati tarpaymi|

Repeat this 4 or 8 or 12 times. At the end, throw away the milk remaining in the cup/tumbler and
dont use it.

Suddhaanna Bali

Now, we have to offer bali (sacrifice to other demigods associates of Mahaganapathi). Get the
cooked white rice (or banana slices or something like that). Just place a small token amount as
bali. You need to place bali in six different places outside the homa kundam. First, place it on the
east of the homa kundam. Then on the west, then on the north, then on the south and finally two
more on the east (a little north to the previous bali(s) placed in the east). The order and positions
can be found in Figure 3. While offering balis in six places, the following sentence should be
said:

V ~l P(lT9|6 9l9 ( -4l +P- 4| BP9 4l|P
om r mahgaapati pradebhyo nama| bali samarpaymi|

The rice remaining after offering balis should be thrown away and not consumed. If cooked rice
is not available, small banana slices can be used. Again, any banana piece left after removing
some slices bali should be thrown away.
27
Figure 3


Udvaasana (good bye)

Take a couple of darbhas in your right hand and a couple more darbhas with your left hand. Take
some flowers or akshatas also if available. Hold the darbhas with the tips facing away from you
and the bases in your hands. Now touch the two sides of the homakundam with the darbhas in
the two hands. Then touch the idol with those darbhas and leave the akshatas and flowers on the
god. Imagine that the energy from the homakundam has been transferred into the idol. To
simplify this, you can also place your fists containing a few akshatas on top of the northern and
southern sides of homa kundam and then deposit the akshatas in those fists at the feet of the idol.

Say the following and show your heart with your hands. Imagine that Sri Mahaganapathi has
exited the fire and the idol and entered your heart.

HFPl-P 6 HP ~lP(lT9|6 4lFl+ 9|6Ul94l|P
asmnmrteca agneca rmahgaapati yathsthna pratihpaymi|

Now, we have to say goodbye to the fire god too. Say the following and bow to the fire god.

HP +4 B 9l l 4 H FPl+ |4Hl|+ ( 4 4 4 +l |+ |4 l+ 4 4l \4 FP= l TP +l |4Ul 6 +P 7| |4 P
HP4 +P-+
agne naya supath r ye a smn vivni deva va yun ni vi dvn| yu yodhya smajju hur ameno
bhyih te nama ukti vidhema| agnaye nama||

Conclusion

Say the following three verses. Think of Krishna and imagine that you are not the doer and
Krishna is the doer who is acting through you. While you do it, place a few akshatas on the tips
28
of the ring and middle fingers of the right hand, place the palm on the small deposit bowl and
wash it such that the water and akshatas are deposited in the deposit bowl.

P (l+ |44l(l+ |(l+ 6lH+ 4& 6 6 P4l ( 4 9|9 T 6(F6 6 +
9l4|l-4H9l|T 69- TPltPTl|+ 4 4l|+ 69lPH9lTl ~l T!TFPT 9+ ~l T!T T!T T!T
Tl4 + 4ll P+B |-4 4l 4 &ltP+l 4l 9T 6 - F4l4l6 Tl |P 4H6 BT 9FP +ll4Tl4 |6 BP9 4l|P+
mantrahna kriyhna bhaktihna hutana| yaddhuta tu may deva paripra
tadastu te||
pryacittnyaei tapa karmtmakni vai| yni temae r kasmaraa
para|| r ka ka ka|
kyena vc manasendriyairv buddhytman v prakte svabhvt| karomi yadyat sakala
parasmai nryayeti samarpaymi||

Say the following finally. Imagine that Sri Mahaganapathi became pleased with your homam.
Surrender the doership of the homam to Krishna and pray for peace. After this, you should not
think of yourself as the doer of the homam just finished!

H+ + |(-4 P = (l P + 4l+ B4l tPT- ~lP(lT9|6- 9l46lP V 6tB6
B4 P ~l T !Tl9 TPF6 V Hl|-6- Hl|-6- Hl|-6-
anena divya magaa homena bhagavn sarvtmaka rmahgaapati pryatm| om tatsat|
sarvam r krpaamastu| om nti nti nti|

Now, take a little water from the deposit bowl with the spoon and drink it. It is holy water that
can be given to others. The naivedyam (food) you offered to Mahaganapathi can be eaten now
and served to others. The rakshaa (holy ash) can be mixed with a drop of ghee and applied on the
forehead as a dot or a line.

If you used a kalasam in addition to an idol, you can take a bath with the water in the kalasam.

Panchopachara Pooja

Panchopachara pooja (a worship with five services) is an alternative to the shodasopachara pooja
(a worship with sixteen services). When an acquaintance comes to ones house, one tends to be
formal and takes elaborate care. When a close friend comes, one is less formal and takes some
things easy. Similarly, when one thinks that Mahaganapathi has become a good friend, one can
go easy on some procedures and simplify them.

While saying the first 5 lines below, offer gandham (sandalwood paste/powder), flower, dhoop
(incense), light and naivedyam (food) respectively. The sixth lines means I am offering all
services. While saying that line, offer some akshatas and bow to the god.
29

9 |-4ltP+ +P- - BP9 4l|P
( HlTlHltP+ +P- 9 !9 BP9 4l|P
4 4l4ltP+ +P- 9 Hll94l|P
H-4ltP+ +P- (l9 (H4l|P
4 HlP 6ltP+ +P- + 4 H BP9 4l|P
B B4l tP+ +P- B4l 9ll+ BP9 4l|P

la pthivytmane nama| gandha
samarpaymi|
ham ktmane nama| pupa
samarpaymi|
ya vyvtmane nama| dhpam
ghrpaymi|
ram agnytmane nama| dpa daraymi
vam mttmane nama| naivedya
samarpaymi|
sa sarvtmane nama| sarvopacrn
samarpaymi|

This is a shorter version and appropriate when one is in a hurry.

:: Sarvam Sri Krishnarapanamastu :: :: Om Shaantih Shaantih Shaantih ::

Appendix A
Ganapathi Atharva Seersham (Ganeshopanishat)

The text of Ganapathi Atharva Seersham (also known as Ganeshopanishat) is given below. It
can be recited once or a few times while making offerings into the fire during the homam.
Offering can be made at the end of each stanza, when swaahaa comes.

This Vedic hymn is the highest prayer of Maha Ganapathi. It extols the highest nirguna form of
Maha Ganapathi. All gods, including Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva, are different manifestations of
this form. All the words are created, sustained and destroyed in this form of Maha Ganapathi.
When reading this, imagine Maha Ganapathi as Parama Purusha (Supreme Cosmic Being).

V +PF6 T964 t4P4 9t4 6x4P|B t4P4 T4 T6l|B t4P4 T4 6l|B t4P4 T4
(6l|B t4P4 B4 G|-4( Ol |B t4 Bll(ltPl |B |+ t4P + F4l(l

+ 6 4 |P B t4 4 |P+ F4l(l

H 4 t4 Pl H4 4 l H4 ~l 6l H4 (l 6l H4 l 6l H4l+ l+P 4|H !4 H4 9 ll 6 H4
9 F6l 6 H4l ll 6 H4 (| Tll 6 H4 l \4l l 6 H4l ll 6 B4 6l Pl 9l|( 9l|( BP -6l6 +
F4l(l
30

t4 4l=P4Ft4 |-P4- t4Pl+-(P4Ft4 OP4- t4 B|(l+-(l|6l4l5|B t4 9t4 Ol|B t4
l+P4l |4l+ P4l 5|B+ F4l(l

B4 =|(( t4 l =l 46 B4 =|(( t4 |F6 U|6 B4 =|(( t4|4 4 P !4 |6 B4 =|(( t4|4
9t4|6 t4 |Pl9l5+l5|+l +- t4 t4l| 4l19(l|++ F4l(l

t4 T 4l6l 6- t4 H4Fl 4l6l 6- t4 ( ( 4l6l 6- t4 Tl 4l6l 6- t4 P ll|F6l 5|B |+ t4 t4
H| 4ltP T- t4l 4l |+l \4l4 |-6 |+ t4 t4 Ol t4 |4!T Ft4 6Ft4|P-Ft4P|PFt4 4l4 Ft4 B 4 Ft4
-PlFt4 O 4FB4lP+ F4l(l

Tl|( 9 4 P l 4 4 Tl (l F6(+ -6 H+ F4l- 9 6 - H - |B6 6l T + & 964 P+ F4- 9 Tl-
94-9 HTll P\4P -9 H+F4ll -t4- 9 |4-6 - 9 +l( - B-l + B|( 6l B |-- B 9l
T H|4 Hl T T + |9- |+ Jl4 l 7 -(- T9|6 ( 4 6l V T9 64 +P- V T9 64 +P- V
T9 64 +P-+ F4l(l

9T(-6l4 |4T( 446'7l4 lP|( 6l (|-6- 9l(4l6+ F4l(l

9T( -6 6 ( F6 9l HP T H l| T ( 4 ( ( F6 |4 HlT P 9 T\4 = 4l ( H 9 T T T 4lB B
-l+|8l 9!9- B9|=6 l+T|9+ (4 =tTlTP46 Hl|46 B7l(l 9T6-
9 6 9lt9 94 \4l 4|6 4l |+ t4 B 4l l 4l | +l 4 -+ F4l(l

+Pl l6964 +Pl T964 +P- 9P964 +PF6 5F6 4l (l4 T(-6l4 |4+l|H+ |H4B 6l4
4(P 6 4 +P-+ F4l(l +

31
om nama ste ga apa taye| tvame va pra tyaka tattva masi| tvame va ke vala kart si| tvame va
ke vala dhart si| tvame va ke vala hart si| tvameva sarva khalvida brahm si| tva
skdtm si ni tyam|| svh |

ta va cmi| sa tya va cmi|| svh |

a va tva m| ava va ktra | ava ro tra | ava d tra | ava dh tra |
avncnama vai ya| ava pa ctt t| ava pu rast t| avotta rtt t| ava daki tt t| ava
co rdhvtt t| avdha rtt t| sarvato m phi phi sama ntt|| svh |

tva vmaya stva cinma ya| tvamnandamaya stva brahma maya| tva
saccidnanddvi tyo 'si| tva pra tyaka brahm si| tva jnamayo vijna mayo 'si||
svh |

sarva jagadida tva tto j yate| sarva jagadida tva ttasti hati| sarva jagadida tvayi
laya meya ti| sarva jagadida tvayi pratye ti| tva bhmirpo'nalo'ni lo na bha| tva
catvri v kpad ni|| svh |

tva gu atra yt ta| tvam avasthtra yt ta| tva de hatra yt ta| tva k latra yt ta|
tva mldhrasthito 'si ni tya| tva aktitra ytma ka| tv yogino dhyya nti ni tya|
tva brahm tva viustva rudrastvamindrastvamagnistva vyustva sryastva
candramstva brahma bhrbhuva ssuvarom|| svh |

ga di prva mucc rya va rd stadana ntara| anusvra pa rata ra| ardhe ndula sita|
tre a ddha| etattava manu svar pa| gakra p rvar pa| akro madhya ma r pa|
anusvrac ntyar pa| bindurutta rar pa| nda sandh na| sahi t sa ndhi| sai
gae avi dy| gaa ka i| nicdgya tr cha nda| gaapati r deva t| om ga ga apa taye
nama| om ga ga apa taye nama| om ga ga apa taye nama|| svh |

ekada ntya vi dmahe | vakratu ya dhmahi| tanno danti praco day t|| svh |

ekada nta ca turha sta p ama kua dhri a| rada ca vara da ha stai rbi bhra
ma kadhva ja| rakta la mboda ra rpa ka raka rakta vsa sa|
rakta ga ndhnu lipt ga ra ktapu pai su pji ta| bhakt nu ka pina de va
ja gatk raa macyu ta| vi rbh ta ca s y dau pra kte puru tpa ra| eva dhy yati yo
ni tya sa yog yogi n va ra|| svh |

namo vrtapataye| namo gaapataye| nama pramathapataye| namaste'stu
lambodaryaikadantya vighnanine ivasutya varadamrtaye nama|| svh ||

32
Appendix B: Practical Tips and Hints

Here are some hints related to practical aspects of homam:

(1) In the beginning, there may be problems with maintaining the fire. New dry coconut pieces
(or wood pieces) have to be put in the fire while old pieces are still burning, in order to keep the
fire going. Ones ability to estimate how long a dry coconut piece can sustain fire will improve
with time.

(2) If the fire completely goes away, sprinkling some camphor powder on the hot pieces can
bring the fire back. That fire can be sustained by placing new pieces.

(3) If only a small amount of akshatas are offered during shodasopachaara pooja (one or two
akshatas each time) and placed on a coconut piece, they will eventually burn.

(4) When offering a flower, if only a petal is placed on a coconut piece and the rest of the flower
is placed near the idol, it has a better chance of burning fully in the fire without creating
problems to the fire.

(5) If small amounts are offered, it works better (when the fire is also small).

(6) If merely a drop of ghee is offered each time, less smoke is generated.

(7) If the windows are opened when going around the fire 3 times after poornaahuti, that may be
sufficient to drive the little smoke out.

(8) Apart from mantras of Ganapathi, mantras of other deities can be offered in the fire while
imagining them to be different manifestations of Maha Ganapathi.

(9) Vedic hymns have an indescribable power. Even one chanting them without knowing the
meaning will find a lot of peace, happiness and bliss through them after repeated chanting. One
should try Ganapathi Atharva Seersham.

(10) It is a very good idea to keep the body as still as possible, with minimal movement of only
those body parts that must move (e.g. arm and mouth). It will maximize the positive spiritual
benefit from homam.

(11) It is a good idea to keep two coconut pieces burning all the time. Even if the fire in one
becomes weak, the other piece can help re-ignite it.

(12) If one puts a lot of oil or ghee in a pan and heats it, it generates smoke as the ghee burns. If
one puts too little oil in a pan and tries to fry vegetables, they burn and generate smoke. If one
puts the right balance of oil and vegetables, they get cooked properly and there is no smoke.
Similarly, if one puts the right balance of ghee and solid materials, they burn without smoke.
There will be some smoke only at the end, when the fire goes off. Wood, on the other hand, is
different from dry coconut and generates more smoke.