The first film to deal with the Vel' d'Hiv Roundup and France's responsibility in the deportation of its Jewish citizens to Nazi Germany and was only able to go into production ten years after the script was written, due to its controversial nature. Three later films also go into the events, namely Mr. Klein (1976), The Round Up (2010) and Sarah's Key (2010), the first and last of which through a fictional storyline. The complicity of France was only officially recognized 53 years after the events, in 1995, by President Jacques Chirac.
While character names are changed, the book the film is based on draws on the personal experiences of author Roger Boussinot (here renamed Paul) on the day of the Vel' d'Hiv Roundup.