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208 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1928
They seem to be really hungry. They have had a go at practically everybody's bread. Kropp has wrapped his in tarpaulin and put it under his head, but he can't sleep because they run across his face to try and get at it. Detering tried to outwit them; he fixed a thin wire to the ceiling and hooked the bundle with his bread on to it. During the night he puts on his flashlight and sees the wire swinging backwards and forwards. Riding on his bread there is a great fat rat.
An order has turned these silent figures into our enemies; an order could turn them into friends again. On some table, a document is signed by some people that none of us knows, and for years our main aim in life is the one thing that usually draws the condemnation of the whole world and incurs its severest punishment in law. How can anyone make distinctions like that looking at these silent men, with their faces like children and their beards like apostles? Any drill-corporal is a worse enemy to the recruits, any schoolmaster a worse enemy to his pupils than they are to us. […] I don't want to lose those thoughts altogether, I'll preserve them, keep them locked away until the war is over. […] Is this the task we must dedicate ourselves to after the war, so that all the years of horror will have been worthwhile?
To me the front is a mysterious whirlpool. Though I am in still water far away from its centre, I feel the whirl of the vortex sucking me slowly, irresistibly, inescapable into itself.
From the earth, from the air, sustaining forces pour into us—mostly from the earth. To no man does the earth mean so much as to the soldier. When he presses himself down upon her long and powerfully, when he buries his face and his limbs deep in her from the fear of death by shell-fire, then she is his only friend, his brother, his mother; he stifles his terror and his cries in her silence and her security; she shelters him and releases him for ten seconds to live, to run, ten seconds of life; receives him again and often for ever.
I am young, I am twenty years old; yet I know nothing of life but despair, death, fear, and fatuous superficiality cast over an abyss of sorrow. I see how peoples are set against one another, and in silence, unknowingly, foolishly, obediently, innocently slay one another. I see that the keenest brains of the world invent weapons and words to make it yet more refined and enduring. And all men of my age, here and over there, throughout the whole world see these things; all my generation is experiencing these things with me. What would our fathers do if we suddenly stood up and came before them and proffered our account? What do they expect of us if a time ever comes when the war is over? Through the years our business has been killing;—it was our first calling in life. Our knowledge of life is limited to death. What will happen afterwards? And what shall come out of us?
“How long has it been? Weeks—months—years? Only days. We see time pass in the colourless faces of the dying, we cram food into us, we run, we throw, we shoot, we kill, we lie about, we are feeble and spent, and nothing supports us but the knowledge that there are still feebler, still more spent, still more helpless ones there who, with staring eyes, look upon us as gods that escape death many times.”
“At once a new warmth flows through me. These voices, these quiet words, these footsteps in the trench behind me recall me at a bound from the terrible loneliness and fear of death by which I had been almost destroyed. They are more to me than life, these voices, they are more than motherliness and more than fear; they are the strongest, most comforting thing there is anywhere: they are the voices of my comrades.
I am no longer a shuddering speck of existence, alone in the darkness;—I belong to them and they to me; we all share the same fear and the same life, we are nearer than lovers, in a simpler, a harder way; I could bury my face in them, in these voices, these words that have saved me and will stand by me.”
“Tjaden reappears. He is still quite excited and again joins the conversation, wondering just how a war gets started.
“Mostly by one country badly offending another,” answers Albert with a slight air of superiority.
Then Tjaden pretends to be obtuse. “A country? I don’t follow. A mountain in Germany cannot offend a mountain in France. Or a river, or a wood, or a field of wheat.”
“Are you really as stupid as that, or are you just pulling my leg?” growls Kropp, “I don’t mean that at all. One people offends the other—”
“Then I haven’t any business here at all,” replies Tjaden, “I don’t feel myself offended.”
“En aquella época incluso nuestros padres tenían presta la palabra «cobarde» para echárnosla al rostro.”¿Por qué leer otra novela de guerra? Total, seguro que ya están convencidos del horror que es toda guerra, de que la mayoría de ellas solo sirven a los intereses de unos pocos, esos que en tiempo de paz joden a los que morirán por ellos y los mismos que seguirán jodiendo a los que queden con vida después. Entonces, ¿qué puede aportar otra novela sobre los desastres de la guerra?
“Teníamos dieciocho años y empezábamos a amar el mundo y la existencia; pero hemos tenido que disparar contra esto. La explosión de la primera granada nos destrozó el corazón. Estamos al margen de la actividad, del esfuerzo, del progreso… Ya no creemos en nada; sólo en la guerra.”Yo, que he tenido la desgracia de hacer la mili, me siento absolutamente identificado con todo lo que cuenta el soldado Paul Baümer sobre sus jornadas de instrucción previas a su marcha al frente. La impotencia que se siente ante el abuso de poder que es norma en los que ostentan el mando, mayor cuánto menor es su graduación (“y cuánto más cagones eran en la vida civil, más ínfulas tienen aquí”), sus bromas soeces, su ensañamiento con los más débiles delante de toda la compañía (con los homosexuales no, esos tenían su tratamiento en privado, no quiero ni imaginar cómo). Yo he vivido la humillación del corte de pelo al cero, la aparente estupidez que es tener que fregar un suelo diez veces para que el cabo vuelva a ensuciarlo intencionadamente y fregarlo por undécima vez, el trato vejatorio, indiscriminado y gratuito, los castigos generales ante infracciones individuales… Todo es así durante la instrucción, una forma de negarnos la individualidad, sí, en efecto, de convertirnos en soldados. Aunque etimológicamente la palabra “soldado” se refiera a la persona que recibe un sueldo, no deja de ser una maravillosa coincidencia que en castellano sea también un sinónimo de pegados, ligados, los que se mueven a una, todos juntos, a la vez, solo obedeciendo órdenes, sin pensar nunca por sí mismo ni en sí mismo pues no eres más que un media mierda que no pinta nada si no es formando parte del grupo (“ya no son hombres, son una columna”).
“Mientras ellos seguían escribiendo y discurseando, nosotros veíamos ambulancias y moribundos; mientras ellos proclamaban como sublime el servicio al Estado, nosotros sabíamos que el miedo a la muerte es mucho más intenso. Con todo no fuimos rebeldes, ni desertores, ni cobardes; amábamos a nuestra patria tanto como ellos y al llegar el momento del ataque, nos lanzábamos a él con coraje. Pero ahora distinguíamos. Ahora habíamos aprendido a mirar las cosas cara a cara y nos dábamos cuenta que, en su mundo, nada se sostenía. Nos sentimos solos de pronto, terriblemente solos; y solos también debíamos encontrar la salida.”