History of War

On page 40 Marek presents a selection of translated letters from German soldiers serving on the Eastern Front in 1942. These letters, intercepted by the Polish Home Army, provide a valuable, and chilling, insight into the German experience on the fro

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Battle of Leipzig Napoleon is decisively beaten in battle for the first time, by a coalition including troops from Russia, Prussia, Austria and Sweden. He is forced to return to France but the coalition continues to pursue him. 16 October 1813 Napole

Though Naples had been briefly mooted for opening Operation Avalanche (part of the Allied invasion of mainland Italy), planners had decided against an amphibious landing at the Italian port. Avalanche had instead been carried out around Salerno to th

Editor-in-Chief Tim Williamson [email protected] Senior Designer Curtis Fermor-Dunman Production Editor Iain Noble Senior Art Editor Duncan Crook Alex Bowers, Prit Buttar, Jonathan Gordon, Stuart Hadaway, Michael E Haskew, Iain MacGreg

On 3 July 1778, a combined force of Iroquois and Loyalists descended upon the Wyoming Valley in Pennsylvania. There, the British-backed raiders met an outnumbered contingent of American troops, decimating their numbers in a battle since dubbed – some