Science: For Those Who Escape from Science
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Science - Navid Farrokhi
Science: For Those Who Escape From Science
Introduction
Science helps us to discover the universe and the world around us and aid us to marvel at strange and wonderful things. The greatest human progresses and advances came true when man doubted his knowledge and sought to discover new challenges. What is the good news? That most people are still unaware of many facts about ourselves and that there is a lot of things that we need to know about.
Science has interesting aspects, but in many cases, its mesmerizing aspects are hidden in the form of textbooks and educational process. For those interested in the science professionally, more or less, good works have been written, but it is rare to find a book whose target group is people who escape from science! Therefore, the purpose of the present book should be considered to fill this gap.
In the vast ocean of human knowledge, the breadth of the various sciences is so great that this work is only a drop against it. The book consists of eight main chapters in five different areas: the first chapter deals with facts beyond the earth
, the second chapter deals with biological knowledge related to human beings
, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth chapters deal with facts about other living things on the planet Earth (birds, aquatic animals, and terrestrial beings). Chapter 7 is about the earth itself and its nature, and finally, chapter 8, it will summarize the seventeen great inventions of history that have changed human life.
Do you know which organ of the human body has five hundred different functions? Do you know how many species of animals become extinct each year? Do you know which animal fingerprint is indistinguishable from human fingerprint? Do you know which tree can live a thousand years? Did you know that the radio was not actually invented by the Italian Marconi?
No? So why are you procrastinating?! Turn the page and start reading! Hope you enjoy!
Navid Farrokhi
Beyond the Earth
All the messages and signals that have been sent by humans to communicate with extraterrestrial life haven’t gone up more than 200 light-years away. The diameter of the Milky Way galaxy alone is 120,000 light-years. That means even 99% of our own galaxy has not yet received our message!
Frank Drake, a retired professor of astronomy and astrophysics developed an equation that bears his name. According to Drake’s complex equation, there are thousands of intelligent civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy alone.
By calculating approximately all the planets in the universe, scientists estimate that the probability that human beings are lonely and there are no other intelligent beings in the universe is one in 100 billion!
If extraterrestrial beings from a planet four billion light-years away receive a message of Earth, it would be useless to respond, because by then the sun in the solar system has been extinguished and the situation on Earth has completely changed!
If a Human gives birth to a child somewhere other than the earth, that baby will not be similar to children of the earth. According to some evolutionary biologists, babies outside the Earth's atmosphere will have larger heads depending on gravity!
If we were born on a planet with a half of Earth gravity, we would have evolved as tall and thin as the creatures in the movie Avatar.
If we consider the age of the earth equal to the life of an eighty-year-old creature, humanity is only eight hours old, and it’s just two minutes we reach renaissance, and only fifteen seconds get out of the earth›s atmosphere!
There is generally no hypothetical line for the starting point of space and exit from the Earth›s atmosphere, however, the Karman line, located 100 km above sea level, is typically considered the starting point for space.
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, in Persian it is known as Tir
which means Shot
because it is the fastest planet in the solar system. Mercury orbits the Sun at a speed of approximately 48 kilometers per second, once every 88 days.
Every day on Mercury is equivalent to 59 days on Earth. Due to the proximity of this planet to sun, if you are in front of the sun, it will cook you quickly at a temperature of 465 degrees. Ironically, if you are on the dark side, you will freeze from -148 degrees Celsius in a short time!
Mariner 10 spacecraft passed close to Mercury in 1974 and took about 3,000 photos in one year. Mariner 10 is still orbiting the sun.
For a person living on Venus, a day on this planet takes more than a year! Although it sounds contradictory, it is true. Every time a planet revolves around itself, it counts as a day, and every time it revolves around the sun, it counts as a year. It takes 243 days (Earth time) for the planet Venus to cycles around itself once, while it take 225 days to revolves around Sun!
Venus is the second closest planet to the Sun in the solar system. Venus is the brightest object in the Earth›s sky after the Moon and is called Nahid
in Persian language which is taken from the name Anahita
, an ancient Iranian goddess.
Venus is similar to Earth in many ways, such as size, mass, gravity, and structural composition, which is why many have called it «Earth›s sister."
In the midst of the Cold War, the Soviet Union sent the Venera -13 spacecraft to Venus in 1981. The spacecraft successfully landed on the planet, but due to little knowledge of Venus' atmosphere, Venera-13 melted after 127 minutes. Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system.
The air pressure of Venus is more than 90 times higher that of Earth. This means that when you walk on the planet Venus, you feel like you are walking at a depth of 1000 meters below the sea.
The Persian name of the planet Mars is Bahram
which is the god of war in ancient Persian. Mars was also known as the goddess of war and bloodshed because of its red color between the Greeks and Romans.
The planet's soil is alkaline and contains substances such as magnesium, sodium, potassium and chlorine, which are essential for life.
Absorption of oxygen in one breath on Earth for humans is equivalent to 14,000 breaths on Mars!
Early probes that landed on Mars showed that the Red Planet was a dry, desolate place away from any signs of life. But discoveries in recent decades have shown that there