By Canoe and Dog-Train

Egerton Ryerson Young

By Canoe and Dog-Train

Published by Good Press, 2022

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EAN 4066338098139

Table of Contents

Chapter One. The summons to the Indian. work — The decision — The valedictory services — Dr.. Punshon — The departure — Leaving Hamilton — St.. Catherine's — Milwaukee custom-house delays — Mississippi. — St. Paul's — On the prairies — Frontier settlers. — Narrow escape from shooting one of our school teachers —. Sioux Indians and their wars — Saved by our flag — Varied. experiences.

Chapter Two. Still on the route. — Fort Garry — Breaking up of our party of missionaries. — Lower Fort — Hospitable Hudson's Bay officials —. Peculiarities — Fourteen days in a little open boat on stormy Lake. Winnipeg — Strange experiences — Happy Christian Indian. boatmen — In perils by waters.

Chapter Three. Arrival at Norway House. — Our new home — Rev. Charles Stringfellow —. Thunderstorm — Rev. James Evans — Syllabic Characters. invented — Difficulties overcome — Help from English Wesleyan. Missionary Society — Extensive use of the Syllabic Characters. — Our people, Christian and pagan — Learning lessons by dear. experience — The hungry woman — The man with the two ducks. — The first Sabbath in our new field — Sunday School and. Sabbath services — Family altars.

Chapter Four. Constant progress. — Woman's sad condition in paganism — Illustrations —. Wondrous changes produced by Christianity — Illustrations —. New Year's Day Christian Festival — The aged and feeble ones first. remembered — Closing Thanksgiving services.

Chapter Five. Oxford House mission. — Visited by canoe — Description of this useful craft-Indian. skill — Oxford Lake — Dr. Taylor — Edward Papanekis. — Still on the trail by birch canoe — Narrow escape from. being crushed by the ice — On stormy Lake Winnipeg —. Pioneering farther north — Successes — Show us the. Father, and it sufficeth us — Christ accepted in the place. of idols.

Chapter Six. The wild north land. — The two methods of travel, by canoe and dog-train — The. native dogs — St. Bernard and Newfoundland dogs — The dog. sleds — The guide — The dog drivers — The long journeys. — Night travelling — Wondrous visions of the night.

Chapter Seven. On the trail with the. dogs, to fields ripe for the reaper — The place — The trip. — The winter camp — The bitter cold — Enduring hardness. — Death shaking hands with us — Many days on the. trail.

Chapter Eight. Nelson River — A. demonstrative welcome — First religious service — A four. hours' sermon — The chief's eloquent reply — The old man with. grandchildren in his wigwam — Our Father —. Then we are brothers — Yes —. Then why is the white brother so long time in coming with the. Gospel to his red brother? — Glorious successes.

Chapter Nine. A welcome accession. — The Rev. John Semmens — A devoted young missionary —. First to reside At Nelson River — In labours and in perils oft. — In journeyings oft by dog-trains together — The centenarian. old Christian — William Papanekis — His godly life and. wondrous translation.

Chapter Ten. Rev. James Evans, the. peerless missionary — His journeys by canoe and dog-train —. The Cree Syllabic Characters, his invention — Lord Dufferin's words. concerning him — His successes — His trials —. Accidental shooting of his interpreter — Surrendering himself to. the avengers — Adopted into a pagan family — Visit to England. — Sudden death.

Chapter Eleven. Sowing and reaping. — Beautiful incident — Help me to be a. Christian! — Thirty years between the sowing and the reaping. — Sorrowing, yet stubborn, Indians induced to yield by the. expression, I know where your children are!

Chapter Twelve. On the trail to Sandy. Bar — Sleeping on the ice — Thievish Esquimaux Dogs —. Narrow Escape of Jack — Joyous Welcome — Society formed. — Benjamin Cameron, once a cannibal, now a lay helper —. Plum-pudding — A striking instance of honesty.

Chapter Thirteen. An Indian Lovefeast. — Many witnesses — Sweet songs of Zion — The Lord's. Supper — Memoir of William Memotas, the devoted Christian.

Chapter Fourteen. Varied duties. — Christianity must precede civilisation — Illustrations. — Experimental farming — Ploughing with dogs —. Abundance of fish — Visits from far-off Indians — Some come. to disturb — Many sincere inquirers after the truth —. Where is the Missionary? — Beren's River Mission. begun — Timothy Bear — Perils on the ice.

Chapter Fifteen. Small-pox pestilence. — Heroic conduct of Christian Indians — Whites supplied with. provisions by Red men — The guide Samuel Papanekis — His. triumphant death — Nancy, the happy widow — In poverty, yet. rejoicing.

Chapter Sixteen. A race for life in a. blizzard storm — Saved by the marvellous intelligence of Jack. — Where is the old man, whose head was like the. snow-drift?

Chapter Seventeen. Work outside the. pulpit — Polygamy and its evils — Family re-arrangements. — Dangerous work at times — Practical pastoral duties —. A fish sermon — Five men won to Christ.

Chapter Eighteen. Exploring new. fields — The Gospel before treaties — Big Tom's noble spirit. of self-sacrifice.

Chapter Nineteen. The mission among. the Saulteaux established — Nelly's death — Missionary. anniversaries attended — Rev. Thomas Crosby — Travelling. adventures — More working with dogs — Our new home —. Visit from a chieftainess — Closing words.

THE END

"

Chapter One. The summons to the Indian work — The decision — The valedictory services — Dr. Punshon — The departure — Leaving Hamilton — St. Catherine's — Milwaukee custom-house delays — Mississippi — St. Paul's — On the prairies — Frontier settlers — Narrow escape from shooting one of our school teachers — Sioux Indians and their wars — Saved by our flag — Varied experiences.

Table of Contents

Several letters were handed into my study, where I sat at work among my books.

I was then pastor of a Church in the city of Hamilton. Showers of blessing had been descending upon us, and over a hundred and forty new members had but recently been received into the Church. I had availed myself of the Christmas holidays by getting married, and now was back again with my beloved, when these letters were handed in. With only one of them have we at present anything to do. As near as I can remember, it read as follows:—

"Mission Rooms, Toronto, 1868.

"Rev. Egerton R. Young.

"Dear Brother, — At a large and influential meeting of the Missionary Committee, held yesterday, it was unanimously decided to ask you to go as a missionary to the Indian tribes at Norway House, and in the North-West Territories north of Lake Winnipeg. An early answer signifying your acceptance of this will much oblige,

"Yours affectionately,

"E. Wood,

L. Taylor.

I read the letter, and then handed it, without comment, across the table to Mrs Young — the bride of but a few days — for her perusal. She read it over carefully, and then, after a quiet moment, as was quite natural, asked, What does this mean? I can hardly tell, I replied; but it is evident that it means a good deal.

Have you volunteered to go as a missionary to that far-off land? she asked.

Why, no. Much as I love, and deeply interested as I have ever been in the missionary work of our Church, I have not made the first move in this direction. Years ago I used to think I would love to go to a foreign field, but lately, as the Lord has been so blessing us here in the home work, and has given us such a glorious revival, I should have thought it like running away from duty to have volunteered for any other field.

Well, here is this letter; what are you going to do about it?

That is just what I would like to know, was my answer.

There is one thing we can do, she said quietly; and we bowed ourselves in prayer, and spread the letter before the Lord, and asked for wisdom to guide us aright in this important matter which had so suddenly come upon us, and which, if carried out, would completely change all the plans and purposes which we, the young married couple, in all the joyousness of our honeymoon, had just been marking out. We earnestly prayed for Divine light and guidance to be so clearly revealed that we could not be mistaken as to our duty.

As we arose from our knees, I quietly said to Mrs Young, Have you any impression on your mind as to our duty in this matter?

Her eyes were suffused in tears, but the voice, though low, was firm, as she replied, The call has come very unexpectedly, but I think it is from God, and we will go.

My Church and its kind officials strongly opposed my leaving them, especially at such a time as this, when, they said, so many new converts, through my instrumentality, had been brought into the Church.

I consulted my beloved ministerial brethren in the city, and with but one exception the reply was, Remain at your present station, where God has so abundantly blessed your labours. The answer of the one brother who did not join in with the others has never been forgotten. As it may do good, I will put it on record. When I showed him the letter, and asked what I should do in reference to it, he, much to my surprise, became deeply agitated, and wept like a child. When he could control his emotions, he said, "For my answer let me give you a little of my history.

"Years ago, I was very happily situated in the ministry in the Old Land. I loved my work, my home, and my wife passionately. I had the confidence and esteem of my people, and thought I was as happy as I could be this side (of) heaven. One day there came a letter from the Wesleyan Mission Rooms in London, asking if I would go out as a missionary to the West Indies. Without consideration, and without making it a matter of prayer, I at once sent back a positive refusal.

From that day, he continued, everything went wrong with me. Heaven's smile seemed to have left me. I lost my grip upon my people. My influence for good over them left me, I could not tell how. My once happy home was blasted, and in all my trouble I got no sympathy from my Church or in the community. I had to resign my position, and leave the place. I fell into darkness, and lost my hold upon God. A few years ago I came out to this country. God has restored me to the light of His countenance. The Church has been very sympathetic and indulgent. For years I have been permitted to labour in her fold, and for this I rejoice. But, he added, with emphasis, I long ago came to the resolve that if ever the Church asked me to go to the West Indies, or to any other Mission field, I would be careful about sending back an abrupt refusal.

I pondered over his words and his experience, and talked about them with my good wife, and we decided to go. Our loving friends were startled at our resolve, but soon gave us their benedictions, united to tangible evidences of their regard. A blessed peace filled our souls, and we longed to be away and at work in the new field which had so suddenly opened before us.

"Yes, we will go. We may no longer doubt

To give up friends, and home, and every tie,

That binds our heart to thee, our country.

Henceforth, then,

It matters not if storms or sunshine be

Our earthly lot, bitter or sweet our cup.

We only pray, God fit us for the work,

God make us holy, and our spirits nerve

For the stern hour of strife. Let us but know

There is an Arm unseen that holds us up,

An Eye that kindly watches all our path,

Till we our weary pilgrimage have done.

Let us but know we have a Friend that waits

To welcome us to glory, and we joy

To tread that drear and northern wilderness."

The grand valedictory services were held in the old Richmond Street Church, Toronto, Thursday, May 7th, 1868. The church was crowded, and the enthusiasm was very great. The honoured President of the Conference for that year, the Rev. James Elliott, who presided, was the one who had ordained me a few months before. Many were the speakers. Among them was the Rev. George McDougall, who already had had a varied experience of missionary life. He had something to talk about, to which it was worth listening. The Rev. George Young, also, had much that was interesting to say, as he was there bidding farewell to his own Church and to the people, of whom he had long been the beloved pastor. Dr. Punshon, who had just arrived from England, was present, and gave one of his inimitable magnetic addresses. The memory of his loving, cheering words abode with us for many a day.

It was also a great joy to us that my honoured father, the Rev. William Young, was with us on the platform at this impressive farewell service. For many years he had been one of that heroic band of pioneer ministers in Canada who had laid so grandly and well the foundations of the Church which, with others, had contributed so much to the spiritual development of the country. His benedictions and blessings were among the prized favours in these eventful hours in our new career.

My father had been intimately acquainted with William Case and James Evans, and at times had been partially associated with them in Indian evangelisation. He had faith in the power of the Gospel to save even Indians, and now rejoiced that he had a son and daughter who had consecrated themselves to this work.

As a long journey of many hundreds of miles would have to be made by us after getting beyond cars or steamboats in the Western States, it was decided that we should take our own horses and canvas-covered waggons from Ontario with us. We arranged to make Hamilton our starting-point; and on Monday, the 11th of May, 1868, our little company filed out of that city towards St. Catherine's, where we were to take passage in a propeller for Milwaukee. Thus our adventurous journey was begun.

The following was our party. First, the Rev. George McDougall, who for years had been successfully doing the work of a faithful missionary among the Indians in the distant Saskatchewan country, a thousand miles north-west of the Red River country. He had come down to Canada for reinforcements for the work, and had not failed in his efforts to secure them. As he was an old, experienced Western traveller, he was the guide of the party.

Next was the Rev. George Young, with his wife and son. Dr. Young had consented to go and begin the work in the Red River Settlement, a place where Methodism had never before had a footing. Grandly and well did he succeed in his efforts.

Next came the genial Rev. Peter Campbell, who, with his brave wife and two little girls, relinquished a pleasant Circuit to go to the distant Mission field among the Indians of the North-West prairies. We had also with us two Messrs. Snyders, brothers of Mrs Campbell, who had consecrated themselves to the work as teachers among the distant Indian tribes. Several other young men were in our party, and in Dacota we were joined by Joe and Job, a couple of young Indians.

These, with the writer and his wife, constituted our party of fifteen or twenty. At St. Catherine's on the Welland Canal we shipped our outfit, and took passage on board the steamer Empire for Milwaukee.

The vessel was very much crowded, and there was a good deal of discomfort. In passing through Lake Michigan we encountered rough weather, and, as a natural result, sea-sickness assailed the great majority of our party.

We reached Milwaukee on Sabbath, the 17th of May. We found it then a lively, wide-awake Americo-German city. There did not seem to be, on the part of the multitudes whom we met, much respect for the Sabbath. Business was in full blast in many of the streets, and there were but few evidences that it was the day of rest. Doubtless there were many who had not defiled their garments and had not profaned the day, but we weary travellers had not then time to find them out.

Although we had taken the precaution to bond everything through to the North-West, and had the American Consular certificate to the effect that every regulation had been complied with, we were subjected to many vexatious delays and expenses by the Custom House officials. So delayed were we that we had to telegraph to head-quarters at Washington about the matter and soon there came the orders to the over-officious officials to at once allow us to proceed. Two valuable days, however, had been lost by their obstructiveness. Why cannot Canada and the United States, lying side by side, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, devise some mutually advantageous scheme of reciprocity, by which the vexatious delays and annoyances and expense of these Custom Houses can be done away with?

We left Milwaukee for La Crosse on the Mississippi on Tuesday evening at eight o'clock. At La Crosse we embarked on the steamerMilwaukee for St. Paul's. These large flat-bottomed steamers are quite an institution on these western rivers. Drawing but a few inches of water, they glide over sandbars where the water is very shallow, and, swinging in against the shore, land and receive passengers and freight where wharves are unknown, or where, if they existed, they would be liable to be swept away in the great spring freshets.

The scenery in many places along the upper Mississippi is very fine. High bold bluffs rise up in wondrous variety and picturesque beauty. In some places they are composed of naked rock. Others are covered to their very summit with the richest green. Here, a few years ago, the war-whoop of the Indians sounded, and the buffalo swarmed around these Buttes, and quenched their thirst in these waters. Now the shrill whistle of the steamer disturbs the solitudes, and echoes and re-echoes with wondrous distinctness among the high bluffs and fertile vales.

Westward the Star of Empire takes its way.

We arrived at St. Paul's on Thursday forenoon and found it to be a stirring city, beautifully situated on the eastern side of the Mississippi. We had several hours of good hard work in getting our caravan in order, purchasing supplies, and making all final arrangements for the long journey that was before us. For beyond this the iron horse had not yet penetrated, and the great surging waves of immigration, which soon after rolled over into those fertile territories, had as yet been only little ripples.

Our splendid horses, which had been cooped up in the holds of vessels, or cramped up in uncomfortable freight cars, were now to have an opportunity for exercising their limbs, and showing of what mettle they were made. At 4 p.m. we filed out of the city. The recollection of that first ride on the prairie will live on as long as memory holds her throne. The day was one of those gloriously perfect ones that are but rarely given us, as if to show what earth must have been before the Fall. The sky, the air, the landscape — everything seemed in such harmony and so perfect, that involuntarily I exclaimed, If God's footstool is so glorious, what will the throne be?

We journeyed a few miles, then encamped for the night. We were all in the best of spirits, and seemed to rejoice that we were getting away from civilisation, and more and more out into the wilderness, although for days we were in the vicinity of frontier villages and settlements, which, however, as we journeyed on, were rapidly diminishing in number.

After several days' travelling we encamped on the western side of the Mississippi, near where the thriving town of Clear Water now stands. As some of our carts and travelling equipage had begun to show signs of weakness, it was thought prudent to give everything a thorough overhauling ere we pushed out from this point, as beyond this there was no place where assistance could be obtained. We had in our encampment eight tents, fourteen horses, and from fifteen to twenty persons, counting big and little, whites and Indians. Whenever we camped our horses were turned loose in the luxuriant prairie grass, the only precaution taken being to hobble them, as the work of tying their forefeet together is called. It seemed a little cruel at first, and some of our spirited horses resented it, and struggled a good deal against it as an infringement on their liberties. But they soon became used to it, and it served the good purpose we had in view — namely, that of keeping them from straying far away from the camp during the night.

At one place, where we were obliged to stop for a few days to repair broken axle-trees, I passed through an adventure that will not soon be forgotten. Some friendly settlers came to our camp, and gave us the unpleasant information, that a number of notorious horse-thieves were prowling around, and it would be advisable for us to keep a sharp look-out on our splendid Canadian horses. As there was an isolated barn about half a mile or so from the camp, that had been put up by a settler who would not require it until harvest, we obtained permission to use it as a place in which to keep our horses during the nights while we were detained in the settlement. Two of our party were detailed each night to act as a guard. One evening, as Dr. Young's son George and I, who had been selected for this duty, were about starting from the camp for our post, I overheard our old veteran guide, the Rev. George McDougall, say, in a bantering sort of way, Pretty guards they are! Why, some of my Indian boys could go and steal every horse from them without the slightest trouble.

Stung to the quick by the remark, I replied, Mr McDougall, I think I have the best horse in the company; but if you or any of your Indians can steal him out of that barn between sundown and sunrise, you may keep him!

We tethered the horses in a line, and fastened securely all the doors but the large front one. We arranged our seats where we were partially concealed, but where we could see our horses, and could command every door with our rifles. In quiet tones we chatted about various things, until about one o'clock, when all became hushed and still. The novelty of the situation impressed me, and, sitting there in the darkness, I could not help contrasting my present position with the one I had occupied a few weeks before. Then the pastor of a city Church, in the midst of a blessed revival, surrounded by all the comforts of civilisation; now out here in Minnesota, in this barn, sitting on a bundle of prairie grass through the long hours of night with a breech-loading rifle in hand, guarding a number of horses from a band of horse-thieves.

Hush! what is that?

A hand is surely on the door feeling for the wooden latch. We mentally say, You have made too much noise, Mr Thief, for your purpose, and you are discovered. Soon the door opened a little. As it was a beautiful starlight night, the form of a tall man was plainly visible in the opening.