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    AI Aesthetics
    AI Aesthetics
    AI Aesthetics
    Ebook50 pages55 minutes

    AI Aesthetics

    By Lev Manovich

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    About this ebook

    AI plays a crucial role in the global cultural ecosystem. It recommends what we should see, listen to, read, and buy. It determines how many people will see our shared content. It helps us make aesthetic decisions when we create media. In professional cultural production, AI has already been adapted to produce movie trailers, music albums, fashion items, product and web designs, architecture, etc. In this short book, Lev Manovich offers a systematic framework to help us think about cultural uses of AI today and in the future. He challenges existing ideas and gives us new concepts for understanding media, design, and aesthetics in the AI era.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherStrelka Press
    Release dateDec 21, 2018
    ISBN9785906264909
    AI Aesthetics

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      Book preview

      AI Aesthetics - Lev Manovich

      AI Aesthetics

      Lev Manovich

      [The Analytical Engine] might act upon other things besides number...supposing, for instance, that the fundamental relations of pitched sounds in the science of harmony and of musical composition were susceptible of such expression and adaptations, the engine might compose elaborate and scientific pieces of music of any degree of complexity or extent.

      — Ada Lovelace, 1842

      So who am I exactly? With known caveats, I am what people of the past have called ‘artificial intelligence.’

      — Victor Pelevin, iPhuck 10, 2017

      Writing in 1842, Ada Lovelace imagines that in the future, Babbage’s Analytical Engine (general, purpose programmable computer) will be able to create complex music. In the 2017 novel by famous Russian writer Victor Pelevin, set in the late 21st century, the narrator is an algorithm solving crimes and writing novels about them. Today we exist somewhere between these two visions of cultural AI (Artificial Intelligence). Algorithms are frequently used to write music, but they don’t really understand the human world and human meanings. Whether the latter will ever happen is unclear.

      p1

      Frieder Nake. Hommage à Paul Klee, 13/9/65 Nr.2. The screenprint created from a plotter drawing produced by a computer program written by Nake. 1965

      p2

      Harold Cohen. Amsterdam Suite C. Lithograph from a drawing generated by a computer program written by Cohen. 1977

      The original vision of AI was about automation of cognition. Today, AI also plays a crucial role in culture, increasingly influencing our choices, behaviors, and imaginations. For example, it is used to recommend photos, videos, music, and other media. AI is also used to suggest people we should follow on social networks, to automatically beautify selfies and edit user photos to fit the norms of good photography, and to generate and control characters in computer games.

      While algorithms have been employed in artistic creation by artists since the 1960s, today industrial scale cultural AI is built into devices and services used by billions of people. Instead of being an instrument of a single artistic imagination,AI has become a mechanism for influencing the imaginations of billions. Gathered and aggregated data about the cultural behaviors of multitudes is used to model our aesthetic self, predicting our future aesthetic decisions and tastes — and potentially guiding us towards choices preferred by the majority.

      The integration of AI into the everyday cultural lives of billions of people raises important questions about the future of culture, aesthetics, and taste. In this short book, I discuss some of these questions.

      I.

      AI and Production of Culture

      The Meaning of Artificial Intelligence

      In the original vision of AI in the 1950s-60s, the goal was to teach a computer to perform a range of cognitive tasks. According to this projection, a computer would simulate many operations of a single human mind. They included playing chess, solv-ing mathematical problems, understanding written and spoken language, and recognizing the content of images.

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