Everand Logo

Welcome to Everand!

  • Discover millions of ebooks, audiobooks, and so much more with a free trial

    Only $9.99/month after trial. Cancel anytime.

    Arsenic, Selenium, Antimony Ultra-Trace Analysis
    Arsenic, Selenium, Antimony Ultra-Trace Analysis
    Arsenic, Selenium, Antimony Ultra-Trace Analysis
    Ebook171 pages1 hour

    Arsenic, Selenium, Antimony Ultra-Trace Analysis

    By Dr.Paul Gouda

    ()

    Read preview

    About this ebook

    Dr. Paul H. Ramses Gouda, is a globally renowned chemist who authored several science books and papers. He has been credited with the foundation of several analytical laboratory procedures utilizing Atomic Absorption and Inductively Coupled Plasma for ultra trace analysis of As, Se, Sb &Hg. These Methods were officially adopted by EPL and by other agencies, and as routinely practiced in the scientific arena they were named after him.

    The author, who first attended medical school before specializing in analytical chemistry, has acquired two science doctorates. His contributions to the scientific community include several papers in pharmaceutical and medicinal research, including a recent invention of new pharmaceutical compounds based on the unique concept of the chemical manipulation of hormonal and neurological compounds.

    This is a university textbook and a chemist reference.

    A must for every library and every analytical laboratory.

    Tour the authors books at www.goudabooks.com

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisheriUniverse
    Release dateSep 4, 2012
    ISBN9781475948035
    Arsenic, Selenium, Antimony Ultra-Trace Analysis
    Author

    Dr.Paul Gouda

    Dr. Paul Gouda, is a research scientist and an analytical chemist, He holds two doctorates in medicinal pharmaceutical research and analytical chemistry. He is the scientist behind 3 new pharmaceutical products designed on the unique concept of chemical manipulation of neurological hormonal compounds. He has written several scientific papers and the books. His most recent book is a medical study in gender pre-selection “Choosing the sex of your baby: made simple, made certain.” He has also produced a book similar to this paper, on Hg analysis “Hydrargyrum, Hg analysis from diphenylthiocarbozone to cold vapor.” Visit his laboratory business at www.optimumgreen.com and his books at www.goudabooks.com.

    Related to Arsenic, Selenium, Antimony Ultra-Trace Analysis

    Related ebooks

    Earth Sciences For You

    View More
    View More

    Related podcast episodes

    Related articles

    • Article

      Spectrum Analysers

      Jun 30, 2020

      Spectrum Analysers
      2 min read

    • Article

      Diamond Tech Destroys ‘Forever Chemicals’ In Water

      Oct 10, 2018

      Researchers are developing a scalable treatment option for PFAS-contaminated wastewater. More than 1.5 million Michigan residents and potentially more than hundreds of sites nationwide—and counting—have PFAS-tainted water. PFAS, or per- and polyfluor

      2 min read

    • Article

      Can ‘Listening In’ On Cells Speed Up Disease Diagnosis?

      Oct 24, 2023

      A new device employs an innovative method for “listening in” on cells’ conversations. Scientists have long known that RNA (ribonucleic acid) acts as a messenger inside cells, translating DNA information to help cells make proteins. But recently, scie

      3 min read

    • Article

      Beyond the Keep Cup…

      Aug 1, 2021

      Beyond the Keep Cup…
      2 min read

    • Article

      Fish Scale Waste Could Remove Dye Pollution From Water

      Mar 12, 2024

      Researchers have discovered how heat-treated fish scales can be upcycled for pollution control and encryption. The food and aquaculture sectors generate a huge amount of fish scale waste from processes such as preparation, canning, filleting, salting

      3 min read

    • Article

      Health News

      Jun 8, 2022

      Health News
      2 min read

    • Article

      Q&A

      Jan 20, 2022

      Q&A
      6 min read

    • Article

      Top health

      May 9, 2023

      Top health
      3 min read

    • Article

      Catalyst Clears 99 Percent of BPA From Water

      Aug 14, 2017

      Scientists have developed a method for removing more than 99 percent of bisphenol A (also known as BPA) from water quickly and cheaply. BPA, a ubiquitous and dangerous chemical used in the manufacturing of many plastics, is found in water sources aro

      3 min read

    • Article

      Do You Know What Forever Chemicals Are?

      May 3, 2024

      “Forever chemicals” have made the news recently, with new EPA rules limiting the amount of some types that can be in drinking water. Here, Carla Ng, an associate professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson

      3 min read

    Related categories

    Reviews for Arsenic, Selenium, Antimony Ultra-Trace Analysis

    0 ratings

    0 ratings0 reviews

    What did you think?

    Tap to rate

    Review must be at least 10 words

      Book preview

      Arsenic, Selenium, Antimony Ultra-Trace Analysis - Dr.Paul Gouda

      Arsenic

      Selenium

      Antimony

      Ultra-trace chemical analysis

      Related notes on bench wet-chemistry and

      Spectroscopy techniques.

      ¡Universe, Inc.
      Bloomington

      Dr. Paul H. Ramses Gouda

      C.Chem., P.R.M.D., Ph.D.

      As, Se & Sb analysis:

      Atomic Absorption

      Inductively Coupled Plasma

      Bench methodology

      The laboratory methodology of ultra trace analysis of As, Se & Sb in environmental, medical & commercial samples.

      A university textbook and a laboratory manual.

      Front cover by Pelé Gouda

      Graphic design, cartoon illustration and video animation.

      [email protected]

      Dr. Gouda’s scholastic and professional chemist career, his globally adopted analytical laboratory methods, and his experience as a lead scientist; promise this book to be a reference for every chemist and a must for every university.

      Prof. Dr. Samuel Hein, Ph.D.

      Brock University.

      Image477.JPG

      To order additional copies of this book please visit your local branch of any of the following chain bookstores:

      -   Barnes & Noble

      -   Chapters, Coles, Indigo

      In the absence of shelf copies at your local bookstore, you may still order this book at any Barnes & Noble or any Chapters-Coles order desk via their in-store computerized database search & order kiosk.

      This book is also available online at:

      www.amazon.com

      www.iuniverse.com

      www.bn.com Barnes & Noble bookstores, USA

      www.chapters.indigo.ca Chapters & Coles bookstores, Canada

      iUniverse books may be ordered through

      booksellers or by contacting:

      iUniverse

      1663 Liberty Drive.

      Bloomington, IN 47403 USA

      1-800-288-4677 International: 001-812-330-2909

      Because of the dynamic nature of the internet, any web addresses or links contained in this book may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid.

      The views expressed in this work are solely those of the author and may not reflect the views of the publisher, and the publisher hereby disclaims any responsibility for them.

      To the greatest man who has ever walked the surface of this earth, my father.

      Copyright © 1994 & 2012 by Paul Gouda.

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used, reproduced, translated, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, graphical, or mechanical. This includes photocopying, recording, or using any information retrieval system, without a written permission from the author.

      The preceding statement excludes the obviously permitted public use of the scientific facts utilized by this book, as well as the use of the scientific notes that have been published by the author via science sites and journals. The author also permits the use of short quotations of the material for reviews and non-commercial scholastic assignments.

      ISBN: 978-1-4759-4802-8 (sc)

      ISBN: 978-1-4759-4803-5 (ebk)

      Canadian Intellectual Property Office.

      Certificate of registration of copyright number: 1097823 Paul Gouda, Owner & Author.

      Issued pursuant to sections 49 & 53 of the Copyright Act.

      Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication

      Gouda, Paul

      Arsenic, selenium, antimony : ultra trace analysis / Paul Gouda. Includes index.

      1. Arsenic—Analysis. 2. Selenium—Analysis. 3. Antimony—Analysis. 4. Ultratrace analysis. I. Title.

      QP519.9.U48G68 2011 543 C2011-901291-X

      American Library of Congress Control Number: 2012916152

      Preface

      The business of chemical analysis of environmental, medical and commercial samples has recently witnessed a large market demand as well as extensive scientific research and development.

      Image484.JPG

      The days of high ppm level analysis done by a lab technician via a routine bench procedure involving mere volumetric titration, gravimetric precipitation and basic AAS at ppm level are long gone. Remember the days when we used to analyze, say, Hg, via such methods as diphenylthiocarbozone? Today’s market demands qualified analytical chemists and state of the art instrumentation to deal with trace ppb and ppt detection level.

      Lake water, seafood, soil, pharmaceutical products and many other samples are sent daily to analytical laboratories for several inorganic and organic analysis, and are subjected to improved regulations that specify the new acceptable limits.

      Many may have heard about arsenic as a poisonous element we see in films, but many may not realize how common some elements such as arsenic, selenium and antimony are in nature, and in a variety of forms.

      A few years ago, a lady friend was making coffee. As she ran out of filter papers, she innocently used a paper towel. The hot water went through the coffee and the acting filter paper as usual, but she never thought that paper towel could contain a high level of arsenic.

      Why would they add arsenic to paper towels? she asked. They don’t. I explained. Products such as paper towels are made from recycled newspapers and other scrap wood sources and dry leaves and branches-which (like soil) may contain high levels of arsenic.

      Products such as coffee paper-filters, are purified via such techniques as ion exchange and other chemical procedures-to extract arsenic. Paper towels, however, are meant for external use, and are not meant to be subjected to boiling water for one to then drink the extract! I explained.

      It is of course true that the form of arsenic, selenium or antimony makes all the difference as to whether they are harmful to us or to what degree. It is also true that soaking a paper towel in boiling water may extract other chemicals that are not meant to be ingested; but that’s a different subject. Our subject here is As, Se, Sb; and one must also understand that not every form of these elements is actually a threat to our body or can be absorbed into our body. Some of these forms, especially the metallic elements, are not particularly or practically harmful to humans, while other forms are easily absorbed into our body if ingested.

      It is the harmful form of such parameter that is subjected here to our chemical study.

      Image493.JPG

      As I indicated, we are now more health conscious than ever, and the standard of specifications (though still needs to be tightened in North America to meet the better standard in Europe)-is still much higher than it used to be.

      This paper deals with inorganic and organic parameters of arsenic, selenium and antimony.

      These elements are common in nature: in soil, wood trees and wood-related products and in other sources; and in a variety of forms, both organic and inorganic.

      Clearly agricultural soil is always a concern as vegetation will absorb such elements from the soil.

      As well, potable water, residential sites, food and pharmaceutical products and others, each has its specific allowable limit of As, Se and Sb. Hence, the role of the analytical laboratory methodology and the appropriate analytical procedure to secure the suitable DL detection level or detection limit for the specific case, are a must..

      The methods and the studies to follow were utilized, revolutionized and produced by Canadian chemist, Dr. Paul Gouda of Ontario, Canada; and have been well received and adopted by the scientific arena, including analytical laboratories.

      The book also introduces five AAS Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma methods-with emphasis on Hydride Generation AAS.

      Image501.JPG

      These five methods were created by and have been named after the inventor chemist Dr. Paul Gouda.

      This book was first produced in 1994 as a laboratory manual for bench chemists during the author’s employment as a head chemist at B.R.M.

      A large portion of the material was posted in 1998-with the author’s permission-by an online science society site.

      It was then published in 2001 by Great Canadian books as a science reference.

      This 3rd edition is published by Penguin Group, Iuniverse Bloomington in 2012.

      Table of contents

      Preface

      SOP Introduction

      Atomic Absorption-

      Principal / theory

      Hydride generation technique &

      Graphite furnace tube techniques.

      Instrumentation

      Digestion scheme

      Calibration & Correlation coefficiency Reagents

      Standards & special solutions Quality control Precautions

      Analytical notes / synopsis Oxidation states

      Common compounds

      Oxidation of selenides

      Ferric selenite

      Ferrous sulfate use

      Selenium halides & selenosulfates

      Selenides and selenites

      Thiosulfate titration

      Monohaliodes Se2X2, the dihalides SeX2, the tetrahalides Selenium oxyhalides SeOX2

      Permonoselenic acid H2SeO5, perdiselenic acid H2Se2O8 and Pyroselenic acid H2Se2O7

      Sodium selenocyanate NaSeCN Selenocyanogen SeCN / (SeCN)2,

      Selenium selenosulfate Na2SeSO3. Arsenopyrite AsFeS

      Tetrahedrally hybridized arsenic Trigonal-bipyramidal or octahedral valence states

      Permanganate method and the potassium bromate titration Arsenious sulfide

      Primarily orthoarsenic acid, H3AsO4 Arsine [hydrogen arsenide, arsenic trihydride]

      Arsine hexahydrate AsH3.6H2O Arsenic monohydride As2H2 or AsH

      Tetrachlorophenylarsorane C6H5AsCL4 and Dichlorophenylarsine C6H5AsCL2.

      Trihalides, but arsenic pentafluoride

      Arsenic pentoxide As2O5 Hydrolysis of haloarsines Hetrocyclic organoarsines Arsines methylarsine CH3AsH2

      Mimetite, Pb5Cl(AsO3)3 Erythrite, CO3(AsO4)28H2O Proustite, Ag3AsS3

      Specific halogen compounds with valence +3 and +5

      Crystals of H3As04(H20)0.5 Monosodium methyl arsenate Arsenic pentoxide and tribromide Arsenic trisulfide, trioxide and triiodide

      Arsenate minerals Arsenide minerals Stibine SbH3

      Antimonate { SbO4³-} and sodium borohydride role Stibiconite Sb3O6(OH)x, cervantite Sb2O4 or Sb2O3 / Sb2O5

      Dicyclohexylstibine

      Chlorodicyclohexylstibine

      Phenylstibine and diphenylstibine

      Diphenylstibine

      The role of dialkylstibinic acids

      Diazonium salt

      Antimony pentachloride and aryltetrachloroantimony compound Valentenite and senarmonite Sb2O3 and kermesite Sb2S3. Trifluoromethylarsine CF3AsH2 Diarylantimony trichloride Tetraantimony dichloride pentoxide

      Proustite

      Copper arsenate hydroxide or basic copper arsenate

      Monosodium methyl arsenate & Sodium arsenate

      Arsenic pentachloride

      Arsenic pentafluoride

      Arsenic pentoxide

      Arsenic tribromide

      Arsenic trifluoride

      Arsenic triiodide

      Arsenic trioxide

      Arsenic trisulfide

      Indium arsenide antimonide phosphide

      Arsenate minerals including:

      Aktashite

      Adamite

      Abernathyite

      Enjoying the preview?
      Page 1 of 1