Jeremiah & Lamentations
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About this ebook
Wrestling with Deep Human Emotions
As much as we hope to avoid loneliness, sorrow, and suffering, we must learn how to accept them when they find us. Jeremiah was nicknamed “the weeping prophet” for his profound wrestling with these deep human emotions. The title of his second book, Lamentations, echoes Jeremiah’s intimate familiarity with them. By studying “the weeping prophet” and his faithfulness to God’s call, you’ll see more clearly who or what controls your own life.
LifeChange
LifeChange Bible studies will help you grow in Christlikeness through a life-changing encounter with God’s Word. Filled with a wealth of ideas for going deeper so you can return to this study again and again.
Features
- Cover the books of Jeremiah & Lamentations in 12 lessons
- Equip yourself to lead a Bible study
- Imagine the Bible’s historical world
- Study word origins and definitions
- Explore thoughtful questions on key themes
- Go deeper with optional projects
- Add your notes with extra space and wide margins
- Find the flexibility to fit the time you have
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Jeremiah & Lamentations - The Navigators
INTRODUCTION
THE BOOK OF JEREMIAH
Judgment and Hope
By worldly standards, the man Jeremiah "was a miserable failure. For forty years he served as God’s spokesman to Judah; but when Jeremiah spoke, nobody listened. Consistently and passionately he urged them to act, but nobody moved. And he certainly did not attain material success. He was poor and underwent severe deprivation to deliver his prophecies. He was thrown into prison and into a well, and he was taken to Egypt against his will. He was rejected by his neighbors, his family, the false priests and prophets, friends, his audience, and the kings. Throughout his life, Jeremiah stood alone, declaring God’s messages of doom, announcing the new covenant, and weeping over the fate of his beloved country. In the eyes of the world, Jeremiah was not a success.
But in God’s eyes, Jeremiah was one of the most successful people in all of history. Success, as measured by God, involves obedience and faithfulness. Regardless of opposition and personal cost, Jeremiah courageously and faithfully proclaimed the word of God. He was obedient to his calling.
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The Man Jeremiah
Jeremiah was a priest from the city of Anathoth (see Jeremiah 1:1; 11:21-23), in the land of the tribe of Benjamin. Anathoth was located about three miles northeast of Jerusalem, at the site of present-day Anata. Ancient Anathoth was a walled town of some strength, seated on a broad ridge of hills and overlooking the valley of Jordan and the northern part of the Dead Sea.
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Jeremiah’s ministry occurred about two centuries after that of Isaiah. He began his ministry in about the year 627 BC, and it continued for at least four decades.
Jewish tradition says that the Jewish refugees stoned him to death in Egypt, because he criticized their life in exile.
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He was the most autobiographical of all the prophets, and we know more about him than any other.… Jeremiah’s life — private and public — is openly displayed in his book. His brave actions, his tenderheartedness toward his coreligionists, his deep emotional and spiritual struggles before God — all these and more are clearly presented. His disappointments and sufferings were undeniably as poignant as those of any other Jewish prophet.… His life may be characterized as being one long martyrdom.
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Historical Background
In the history books of the Old Testament, the historical narrative of Jeremiah’s time is given in 2 Kings 21–25 and 2 Chronicles 33–36. The prophets Zephaniah, Nahum, Habakkuk, and Ezekiel were also active around Jeremiah’s time.
The book of Jeremiah is so filled with historical, biographical, and autobiographical material that his life can be synchronized with dates and known events to a degree unparalleled in the writings of other prophets.
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At the beginning of Jeremiah’s ministry, the sudden decline of Assyrian power in the Middle East, along with the strong and reforming leadership of Judah’s King Josiah, seemed to signal a positive future for God’s people. But the next generation was destined to experience the most catastrophic reversal of fortune in the nation’s history, leading to ultimate destruction and captivity in 586 BC at the hands of the Neo-Babylonians, who by that time had emerged as the undisputed rulers of the ancient Near East. Into these turbulent and tragic times Jeremiah was called to be God’s spokesman.
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Jeremiah’s lifetime was one of those tempestuous periods when the world at large goes into convulsion: in this case with Assyria’s empire falling apart, and Egypt fighting in vain to keep Babylon from picking up the pieces — among which, ominously, was little Judah.
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The book of Jeremiah is a tragedy.… It is about the unraveling of a nation. It is the sad story of the decline of God’s people from faith to idolatry to exile.
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Jeremiah’s Message
Better than anyone else, Jeremiah reveals the spiritual fractures beneath the comfortable surface of daily life.
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"Jeremiah’s message moved through phases that do not correspond exactly to the structure of the book:
"(a) He called Judah to repent and avoid judgment that would otherwise come.
"(b) He announced that the time for repentance was past, since judgment was now determined against the people. Judgment is the dominant note in the book, and is understood as the invocation of the final curse of the covenant, namely, loss of the Promised Land (Leviticus 26:31-33; Deuteronomy 28:49-68).
"(c) The Lord would save His people, or a remnant of them, through the exile.… This promise of eventual deliverance was Jeremiah’s answer to the false prophets who had constantly challenged his message of judgment.
Jeremiah also had a message of salvation, but only on the other side of judgment. That message is crystallized in the prophecy of the new covenant. The new covenant … speaks of the empowerment of God’s people to obey Him. Although it is promised in national terms, it is something new, which the New Testament shows to be fulfilled in the greater ‘Israel of God’ (Galatians 6:16) through Christ.
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The Book’s Style
Jeremiah’s discourses are like the frames of a moving picture; each presents the same characters but in slightly different positions. Indeed, the frames may be somewhat mixed up. Thus, the progression in the book is not straightforward and flowing. The transitions between the frames are abrupt and the repetitions frequent.
Thus, Jeremiah is sometimes charged with lack of originality, but this is a superficial judgment. The power of his imagination gives new depth and poignancy to the tradition out of which he speaks. His great poetical skill is seen especially in his vivid presentations of human loneliness and suffering. Jeremiah’s poetry attains depths of pure emotion that reach every reader.
¹¹
Jeremiah’s poetry is lyrical; indeed, some would call him the greatest lyrical poet of all the prophets. His poetry consists of tender elegies, full of pathos. He has been termed ‘the poet of the heart.’ He uses imagery and figures with dramatic effect.
¹²
"The leading characteristic of his style is a certain simplicity. His writing is direct, vivid, unornamented, incisive, and clear. Though not the lofty language of Isaiah, it has its own attractiveness. There is an unstudied truthfulness as the prophet’s most intimate thoughts come pouring out of his anguished soul.
"Prominent in Jeremiah’s style is the note of sorrow. With good reason he has been called the ‘weeping prophet.’ The plight of his people never left him, and he could not respond to it dispassionately. Among his writings are some of the most tender and sympathetic passages in the Bible. When he denounces, he does so with real anguish of soul. A vein of sorrow and sadness runs throughout the book. Touch the work where you will, and it will