Tabula Peutingeriana

Gensis представља прву станицу на римској комуникацији Sirmium - Argentaria, која је повезивала престоницу провинције Доња Панонија са богатим рудницима сребра дуж средњег тока реке Дрине. Изузев помена на Појтингеровој табли о путној станици Gensis нема других подата-ка у историјским изворима. До сада је било више покушаја да се поме-нута путна станица лоцира у Лозници, Лешници, брду Видојевици и селу Румска. Поред разматрања аргумената на којима су се заснивале претходне убикације, у раду се, на основу археолошких и нумизматичких налаза, износи и један нови предлог локације путне станице Gensis.

While Luke-Acts names many geo­graphical sites and organizes its narrative and sayings materials around schemata of the movements of his various characters, the quality of his topography knowledge ranges widely. For the interior of Palestine, Luke shows only place-name knowledge but nonetheless uses a spatial imaginary as a key part of his presentation of Jesus’ activities. Luke has slight relational knowledge of Jerusalem, but it is slight. For the Levantine coast, however, Luke displays accurate relational or cartographical knowledge. Luke’s knowledge improves dramatically in Acts, especially for the northeast Aegean, where Luke seems to have local knowledge.
Second, the sources of Luke’s topographical knowledge are various: the topographical references embedded in his sources, Mark and Q, which he takes over whether or not he understands that topography. For sites in the northeast Aegean Luke seems to have local knowledge and betrays this knowledge inadvertently. For the Levantine coast, however, he has cartographical knowledge from sources such as Agrippa’s map or its successor, the Tabula Peutingeriana.
The third point is an inference from contrast between the sheer number of topographical sites named by Luke and his topographic ignorance. Although he appears to have no knowledge of certain topographies, topography is critical to his project. The paper explores the social and political values that are embedded in his representation of space and movement through space.

Această lucrarea a apărut sub egida: © Arheo Vest, Timișoara, 2013 Președinte Lorena VLAD www.arheovest.com Responsabilitatea pentru conţinutul materialelor revine în totalitate autorilor. ISBN 978-963-315-152-5 (összes/general) Abstract. In 1845 Pierre Lapie published a map of the Roman Empire. Recently Richard Talbert discussed in an article this outstanding document. The map contains, as Lapie himself states, data gathered from three main antique sources: Tabula Peutingeriana, Itinerarium Antonini and Itinerarium Burdigalense sive Hierosolymitanum. These maps are provided with a text containing the routes, the modern equivalent names of the settlements and the distances in Roman numerals together with the Arabic-numeral equivalent. The maps are part of the work commissioned

This article follows, ten months later, the release of the new edition of the book Sull'antica Lupatia, in which, among other things, there are also presented the hypotheses about the subject of this article.

Since in the meantime, other researchers have presented their proposals on the subject, I have the obligation to update the subject and to respond to these proposals.

The so-called Peutinger Table, whose template goes back to a road map from the Roman imperial period, depicts only a few localities for southern India. Nevertheless, this limitation certainly reflects crucial centres of the long-distance trade network between Rome and the south of the subcontinent. Parallel historical events of the 2nd century CE in Rome on the one side and South India with Sri Lanka on the other side have been considered in this study. Their relation to the few localities recorded is shown. In the analysis of the significance of these localities in the historical development of South India in the 2nd century CE, climatic changes and epidemics in particular become visible as two extreme triggers of social processes. It also becomes apparent that southern India experienced similar developments as its large trading partner, the Roman empire on the other side of the ocean.

This article presents the main archaeological and epigraphical data for reconstructing the roman roads network in Moesia Inferior. Information based predominantly on the inscriptions allow us to outline the chronology
of the construction and use of the road network in Lower Moesia. The article is published in: L. Vagalinski, N. Sharankov (eds.) Limes XXII. Proceedings of the 22nd International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies Ruse, Bulgaria, September 2012 (= Bulletin of the National Archaeological Institute XLII, 2015), Sofia, 2015.

Since its surprising appearance in the early 16th century, the so-called Peutinger map has raised many questions. Above all, since then it has been very difficult for experts to provide answers as to the time of origin of a certainly antique model for it and a reasonable identification of numerous localities recorded on it. In this respect, this study focuses on the segment of the scroll map, which has been given the consecutive number XII. This section depicts, among other regions, ancient India and this eastern area is also the main focus of this study. Analysis results suggest that a very subjective view found its representation on this part of the Peutinger Map. In particular, limited knowledge of the ancient Indian road network in terms of both contemporary history and culture has been incorporated into the presentation. Nevertheless, it can offer new insights into the major roads on the subcontinent at that time, which we know from literature under the terms Uttarapatha and Dakshinapatha. Unexpected for the author was the topicality of events described in the study after finishing work on this article. So are the worldwide effects of a pandemic in the Roman Empire and beyond in a globalised world of the 2nd century CE also addressed in this study.

Esame della carta dell'Italia romana di Tolemeo e di un estratto della Tabula Peutingeriana inseriti nel libro primo  della inedita storia di Ferrara di Pellegrino Prisciani , inizi sec.  XVI, per dimostrare le origini romane di Ferrara, identificata con Forum Alieni.

Le strade romane sono universalmente riconosciute come uno degli elementi autenticamente rivoluzionari della civiltà e dell'Impero Romano.  La Tabula Peutingeriana rappresenta la migliore "mappa stradale" delle vie di comunicazione del tardo impero a nostra disposizione, coprendo gran parte del mondo al tempo conosciuto.
Se però prendiamo in esame la via Cassia, una delle principali arterie sulla direttrice Sud-Nord, il percorso  descritto nella Tabula Peutingeriana è per il 70% sconosciuto o al più supposto.
Il fatto di aver “perduto” una delle principali vie di comunicazione romane dice molto su quanto ancora ci sarebbe da fare sotto l’aspetto della ricerca archeologica in Italia.
Ad ogni modo, anche le limitate informazioni a disposizione ci forniscono dei dettagli interessanti (ad esempio il numero limitato di passaggi tra Italia Tirrenica e Italia del Nord)  sul periodo di transizione tra Impero Romano ed Alto Medioevo.

This source collection presents the most significant texts concerning the reception of geographical maps in ancient Rome for the first time in chronological order, followed by a German translation and an analysis including textual criticism as well as factual, literary and stilistic issues, which will be evaluated-with due cautiousness-in order to shed further light on the developement of map consciousness and map literacy among the Roman non-specialist élites from republican time until late antiquity, considering aspects like nomenclature for maps and their material substrates, their form, content and scientific level; their depositories and display sites, their commissioners, drawers, users and their competence, their functions and the connotations involved in their possession, and their relation to texts (as illustrations, commented or stand-alone). In diesem Artikel werden die wichtigsten Textzeugnisse für die Rezeption geo-graphischer Karten in Rom erstmals in chronologischer Reihenfolge mit deutscher Übersetzung präsentiert sowie textkritisch, sprachlich, inhaltlich und literaturwis-senschaftlich analysiert und anschließend mit der gebotenen Vorsicht ausgewertet. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, die Kartenkompetenz gebildeter römischer Laien und die Präsenz von Karten in deren Bewusstsein in ihrer historischen Entwick-lung nachzuverfolgen. Die dabei berücksichtigten Aspekte sind: Bezeichnungen für Karten und ihre Trägersubstanzen; Formate, Inhalte und wissenschaftliches Niveau der Karten; Aufbewahrungsorte, Auftraggeber, Zeichner, Rezipienten und ihre Kompetenz; Funktionen und Konnotationen des Kartenbesitzes sowie das Verhältnis der Karten zu Texten (illustrierend, kommentiert oder allein für sich stehend). Schlüsselbegriffe: Kartographiegeschichte, Quellensammlung, Kartenkompetenz. * Dies ist der erste von zwei Teilen eines umfassenden Beitrags zur Kartenkompetenz und Kartenbenutzung bei den römischen Eliten. Die Bibliographie des Beitrags findet sich am Ende dieses Teils 1. Beitrag 2 mitsamt aller Abbildungen wird in der Ausgabe 17 des Orbis Terrarum zu finden sein, welche voraussichtlich im Herbst 2019 erscheint.

Ad Drinum was the second station on the Roman road which connected Sirmium with the mining district Argentaria. The name of Ad Drinum station clearly indicates that the mentioned road station was located near the Drina River. The researchers’ opinions about locating Ad Drinum road station were divided. Zvornik town and village Drinjača are listed as potential locations of the mentioned road station. However, by considering the arguments on which earlier researchers have based their opinion, it has been concluded that none of the previously mentioned locations can be accepted as the location of the Ad Drinum station. The distance between Sremska Mitrovica and Zvornik, or Drinjača, differs considerably from the distance between Sirmium - Ad Drinum, which is listed on Tabula Peutingeriana. Based on the archaeological findings on the ground, as well as the data from the Tabula Peutingeriana, it can be concluded that the Ad Drinum road station was located in the vicinity of the village of Skočić, north of Zvornik.

Cure-seeking Pilgrims in the Northwestern Provinces of the Roman Empire – The Basis of Christian Pilgrimage in the Middle Ages?
As a case study of (also) religiously motivated travel in Roman times north of the Alps, visits to spring-shrines are thematised. The prevailing opinion in the literature, that cure-seekers and pilgrims in the Germanic provinces travelled only to Roman healing springs in their immediate vicinity, can be relativised. On the contrary, newly published inscriptions, e. g. from Aachen and France, provide evidence for journeys of several hundred kilometres. In addition, the Tabula Peutingeriana provides an essential argument for a supraregional appeal of curative springs and the cult of healing. The dedications of non-local persons in relevant spring sanctuaries are therefore – contrary to the previously held interpretations in this direction – evaluated as an indication of a pagan practice of pilgrimage. In the sanctuaries, the pilgrims left not only inscriptions but also a wide array of offerings and votive objects. However, even a brief overview of the material studies presented in various individual reports is beyond the scope of this work. Therefore, spring sanctuaries with non-local visitors are presented as selected examples of such pilgrim destinations. With regard to one of the oldest monasteries north of the Alps, Luxueil, as well as the largest medieval pilgrimage site in Germany, Aachen, there emerges – qualified by the limited survival of sources – a continuity of pilgrimage since pagan Antiquity. This could also be the case with others of the sacred springs mentioned. In several locations, the sustained pagan use or an early Christian repurposing demonstrates a continuity of the spring sanctuaries and healing baths as places of pilgrimage.

Heilpilgern in den Nordwest-Provinzen des Römischen Reiches – Grundlage christlichen Pilgerns im Mittelalter?
Als Fallbeispiele auch religiös motivierten Reisens zur Römerzeit nördlich der Alpen werden die Besuche in Quellheiligtümern thematisiert. Die in der Literatur vorherrschende Auffassung, Kurbesucher und Pilger reisten in den germanischen Provinzen zu den römischen Heilquellen nur aus nächster Umgebung an, kann dabei relativiert werden. Neu publizierte Inschriften, z. B. aus Aachen und Frankreich, belegen im Gegenteil mehrere hundert Kilometer lange Reisen. Für eine überregionale Attraktivität der Kurthermen und des Heilkults liefert darüber hinaus die Tabula Peutingeriana ein wesentliches Argument. Die Weihung von ortsfremden Personen in betreffenden Quellheiligtümern wird daher – abweichend von den bisher verhaltenen Deutungen in dieser Richtung – als Indiz für ein paganes Pilgerwesen gewertet. In den Heiligtümern hinterließen die Pilger nicht nur Inschriften, sondern eine breite Palette verschiedener Opfer und Hinterlassenschaften. Allerdings sprengt selbst ein Überblick der in verschiedenen Einzelstudien vorgelegten Materialstudien den Rahmen dieser Arbeit 113. Die Quellheiligtümer wurden beispielhaft als Pilgerziele mit den mir bekannten Ortsfremden dargestellt. Im Hinblick auf eines der ältesten Klöster nördlich der Alpen, Luxueil, sowie die größte mittelalterliche Wallfahrtsstätte Deutschlands, Aachen, zeichnet sich – überlieferungsbedingt auf schwacher Quellenbasis – eine Kontinuität des Pilgerns seit der paganen Antike ab. Dies könnte bei weiteren der genannten Quellheiligtümer der Fall sein. An mehreren Orten lässt die pagane Weiternutzung oder eine frühe christliche Umnutzung eine Kontinuität der Quellheiligtümer und Heilbäder als Wallfahrtsort annehmen.

Le pèlerinage dans les provinces du Nord-Ouest de l’Empire romain – Les fondements du pèlerinage chrétien au Moyen Age?
L’article traite ici de la fréquentation des sanctuaires des eaux à l’époque romaine sous la forme d’exemples de voyages au nord des Alpes motivés aussi par la religion. On peut cependant relativiser l’opinion largement répandue dans la littérature selon laquelle les visiteurs et les pèlerins des provinces germaniques ne fréquentaient que les sources guérisseuses les plus proches. Des inscriptions publiées récemment, d’Aix-la-Chapelle et de France entre autres, révèlent au contraire des déplacements de plusieurs centaines de kilomètres. La Tabula Peutingeriana fournit en outre une preuve importante de l’attrait interrégional que revêtaient les eaux thermales et le culte de guérison. C’est pourquoi, contrairement aux interprétations plutôt réservées à cet égard, les ex-voto de personnes étrangères dans certains sanctuaires des eaux sont considérés ici comme l’indice de pèlerinages païens. Les pèlerins n’ont pas seulement laissé des inscriptions dans les sanctuaires, mais également une large palette d’offrandes et de vestiges. Mais même une synthèse des études d’inventaires présentées séparément dépasserait le cadre de ce travail. Les sanctuaires des eaux sont donc présentés à titre d’exemples pour des lieux de pèlerinage avec les étrangers qui me sont connus. Luxueil, un des plus anciens monastères au nord des Alpes, et Aix-la-Chapelle, le lieu de pèlerinage le plus important de l’Allemagne, semblent indiquer une continuité du pèlerinage depuis l’antiquité païenne, les sources disponibles restant certes peu nombreuses. Ce pourrait être aussi le cas pour d’autres sanctuaires des eaux. L’utilisation païenne prolongée ou une réutilisation précoce par les chrétiens en différents endroits permet d’envisager une continuité des sanctuaires des eaux et des eaux thermales comme lieux de pèlerinage.

The River Nile fascinated the Romans and appeared in maps, written descriptions, texts, poems and paintings of the developing empire. Tantalised by the unique status of the river, explorers were sent to find the sources of the Nile, while natural philosophers meditated on its deeper metaphysical significance. Andy Merrills' book, Roman Geographies of the Nile, examines the very different images of the river that emerged from these descriptions - from anthropomorphic figures, brought repeatedly into Rome in military triumphs, through the frequently whimsical landscape vignettes from the houses of Pompeii, to the limitless river that spilled through the pages of Lucan's Civil War, and symbolised a conflict - and an empire - without end. Considering cultural and political contexts alongside the other Niles that flowed through the Roman world in this period, this book provides a wholly original interpretation of the deeper significance of geographical knowledge during the later Roman Republic and early Principate.

Cults in public places for the ruler of the Roman Empire existed in countries beyond the confines of Italy and the provinces. Comparable to the kingdom of Herod the Great, these countries were ruled by allied and dependant kings and dynasts. The imperial cult in these realms was therefore a sign of political loyalty to Rome. A few very distant cases of imperial cult have also become known (e.g. in India and Southern Mesopotamia). Yet local expressions of political loyalty to Rome have not ranged high among modern explanations for their existence. The present paper argues that the surviving sources can indeed be understood to suggest that the imperial cult in these countries resulted from official agreements of political friendship (amicitia) with Rome.

Our contribution considers some data from the Peutinger map and the Antonine itinerary, regarding the mentioning
of the Roman road and the stations along this road between the settlements Siscia and Sirmium, along the River Sava. To
obtain new results regarding the dating of these two important ancient cartographic sources, I have compared the values
of the distances between the settlements recorded in both these itineraries. I have also launched a discussion concerning
the mentioning in the Antonine itinerary of the toponym Incero sed mansio augusti in pretorio est, comparable with Ad
Praetorium/ Praetorium, recorded in the Peutinger map. In conclusion, I suggested that there are solid arguments in
favour of rating the road along the River Sava as one of the earliest routes in Pannonia. Initially, it was a military communication
artery, and, as in the whole of the Roman Empire, it became one of the important routes connecting Italy
to the Balkans. It was clearly used intensively, and in the late period stations along this road served to supply the infrastructure
necessary for the official transportation system. This late state of affairs is reflected in the Antonine itinerary.
Keywords: Roman period, the Peutinger map, the Antonine itinerary, Praetorium, the road Emona–Siscia–Sirmium–
Tauruno, ancient geography, Roman itineraries

Régions probables de production des amphores LRA 1, d'après Williams 2005, fig. 5. (= pl. 1) Répartition des amphores orientales dans les fouilles américaines de Carthage, d'après J.A. Riley, in Actes du colloque sur la céramique antique de Carthage, CEDAC 1982, 121, fig. 2 (= pl. 2) Répartition des amphores trouvées à Alexandrie dans un contexte du milieu du V e-début du VI e s., d'après Majcherek 2004, fig. 2 (= pl. 3) Carte de diffusion des amphores LRA 2 en mer Egée, d'après Karagiorgou 2001, fig. 7.3. (= pl. 4) Carte de diffusion des amphores LRA 2 dans les Balkans, d'après Karagiorgou 2001, fig. 7.2. (= pl. 5) Klaus belke Kleinasien in byzantinischer Zeit. Vassilios ChRistides 1 Map of Hellenistic and Roman Egypt and Eastern Africa (from: J. desanges, Recherches sur l'Activité des Mediterranéens aux Confins de l'Afrique. Paris 1978, map IX). Vince and Helen GAffney 1 The Roman road from Wroxeter to Gloucester and Usk cutting through the Church Stretton gap and now forming the modern A49. (CUCAP Y-84, July 1947). 2 Greek field system on Hvar (Croatia). 3 The significance of scale (modified from B. K. roBerts, Landscapes of Settlement. London 1996, figure 2.2). 4 LiDAR terrain model showing modern and relic fluvial features, recent communication cuttings and medieval ridge and furrow cultivation. Source Keith Challis. 5 Traditional least-cost path network drained to Stonehenge and generated using the GRASS GIS (Exon et al. 2001). 6 Natural paths overlain on a derived terrain model and with rivers acting as constraints. 7 The route to Manzikert (J. f. Haldon [ed.], General Issues in the Study of Medieval Logistics: Sources, Problems and Methodologies. Leiden 2005). 8 Results of a natural path (white) compared to the assumed Manzikert route (yellow) in Central Anatolia. John hAldon 1 Map of Asia Minor. Friedrich hild 1 Tabula Peutingeriana: Die Routen in Kleinasien, in: Itineraria Romana. Römische Reisewege an der Hand der Tabula Peutingeriana dargestellt von K. Miller. Stuttgart 1916. 2 Tabula Peutingeriana: Die Route von Pergamon nach Sidē, in: Itineraria Romana von K. Miller. 3 Tabula Peutingeriana: Die Route von Ikonion über Ad Fines und Tetrapyrgia nach Pompeiopolis in Kilikien. 4 Tabula Peutingeriana: Die Route von Laodikeia über Kormasa nach Pergē und Sidē. 5 Das byzantinische Straßensystem in Lykien und Pamphylien nach TIB 8. 6 Eingang in die Kilikische Pforte (Pylai Kilikiai) von Norden (1973). 7 Eingang in die beim Autobahnbau bereits gesprengte und zugeschüttete Kilikische Pforte (Pylai Kilikiai) von Norden (1989, im Hintergrund der Burgberg der Gülek Kale). 8 Kilikische Pforte (Pylai Kilikiai) von der Gülek Kale vor dem Autobahnbau (1973). 9 Frühbyzantinische Straße mit Straßenbogen bei Sağlıklı (früher Bayramlı) zwischen den Pylai Kilikiai und Tarsos. 10 Aus den Felsen gesprengte römisch-byzantinische Straße in den Stena westlich von Attaleia. 11 Die aus der Tabula Peutingeriana bekannte Straße von Ikonion nach Kilikien im Hochplateau des Tauros vor der Station Ad Fines. Verzeichnis der Autoren Verzeichnis der Abbildungen, Karten und Pläne Yelkalesi, römischer Signal-und Wachtturm südlich von Tetrapyrgia (Kemer Yayla). Osmanische Brücke mit römischen Spolien über den Fluß Lysis bei Kormasa. Römische (bereits verfallene) und seldschukische Brücke über den Eurymedōn zwischen Attaleia und Sidē in Pamphylien. Döşeme Boğazı (Klimax) mit römischer Geleisestraße (nördlich des Passes). Döşeme Boğazı: Frühbyzantinische Mansio am Nordrand von Maximianupolis. Döşeme Boğazı: Osmanische Treppenstraße nördlich des Passes. Döşeme Boğazı: Römische Geleiserillen neben der osmanischen Treppenstraße nördlich des Passes. Die "felsige" Ebene (saxosa planities) nördlich von Lyrbōtōn Kōmē (Varsak), nördlich von Attaleia. Die "felsige" Ebene (saxosa planities) am Arapsu, westlich von Attaleia (im Hintergrund Campus der Akdeniz Üniversitesi von Antalya). Die Straßenverbindungen von Kormasa nach Attaleia nach TIB 8. Die byzantinischen Truppensammelpunkte (aplēkta) an der Diagonalstraße durch Kleinasien von Konstantinopel nach Tarsos, in: g. Huxley, A List of ἄπληκτα. GRBS 16 (1975) 89. Andreas külzeR Byzantinische Pilgerzentren. Katerina Mitsiou Das Zentrum und die dazu gehörige Agrarregion: grundlegende Modelle laut von Thünen (nach Koder, Land use, fig. 1). Mittelbyzantinische Siedlungshierarchie (arMstrong, Laconia survey, fig. 7.4; Koder, Land use, fig. 5). Christallers' hexagonales Verteilungssystem (Koder, Land use, fig. 11). Raummodelle der Zentralorte laut Christaller (Koder, Land use, fig. 6). Die Region von Smyrna aus der Sicht der Theorie der zentralen Orte. Das westliche Kleinasien in byzantinischer Zeit. Mechthild sChulze-döRRlAMM Bronzene Gürtelschnallen vom Typ E6 (bei Werner "Typ Korinth") aus lokalisierten Werkstätten. 1-2 Halbfabrikate von Scharnierbeschlägen aus Chersonesos, Krim, L. 3,4-3,5 cm (nach aiBaBin, Chersone). 3-4 Scharnierbeschläge aus der Crypta Balbi in Rom, L. 4.1-4,2 cm (nach ricci-luccerini, Oggetti). Entwurf einer Verbreitungskarte von Gürtelschnallen mit kreuzförmigem Scharnierbeschläg vom Typ E1. Entwurf einer Verbreitungskarte der Gürtelschnallen mit festem Beschläg und durchbrochener Maskenzier vom Typ D2 (Literaturnachweise s. scHulze-dörrlaMM, Byzantinische Gürtelschnallen I 154). Entwurf einer Verbreitungskarte der Gürtelschnallen mit angegossenem Riemendurchzug und eingraviertem Dekor vom Typ G3 (Punkt) und der Schnallen vom Typ G2 mit eingraviertem Dekor auf der Rückseite des Beschlägs (Kreis).-Typ G3: 1 Capodistria/Koper.-2 Korinth.-3 Kleinasien.-Verzeichnis der Autoren Verzeichnis der Abbildungen, Karten und Pläne Goldene Halbmondohrringe aus Frauengrab 99 von Petting (nach reiMann, Rupertiwinkel) Beigaben aus dem beraubten Reitergrab 507 des Gräberfeldes von Petting, Landkreis Traunstein. Mittleres 7. Jahrhundert (nach KnöcHlein-reiMann, Reitergrab). Entwurf einer Verbreitungskarte von Bronzesteigbügeln mutmaßlich mediterraner Provenienz aus dem 7. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Entwurf einer Verbreitungskarte von gegossenen, bronzenen Griffschalen vom Typ B2 (s. Fundliste 1 [255]). Getriebene Bronzeblechkannen des späten 6. bis 7. Jahrhunderts. 1 Niederstotzingen, Kriegergrab 9, H. 24,5 cm (nach Paulsen, Niederstotzingen). 2 Cesena, H. 26,0 cm (nach Maioli, Tipologia). Darstellung einer Handwaschung mit Krug und Griffschale. Detail einer Miniatur des "Stuttgarter Bilderpsalters" von Saint-Germain aus dem frühen 9. Jahrhundert. Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart (Cod. Bibl. 2, 23, fol. 32v). 25 Byzantinische Bronzekelle mit eingepunztem Rankendekor aus Helgö im Mälarsee (Schweden), 8. Jahrhundert. Statens Historiska Museer Stockholm. 1 Gesamtansicht, H. 8,4 cm. 2 Abrollung des Punzdekors (nach HolMqvist, Helgö). 26 Entwurf einer Verbreitungskarte der Gürtelschnallen mit angegossenem Riemendurchzug und durchbrochenem Scharnierbeschläg vom Typ G1 (Ltieraturnachweise s. scHulze-dörrlaMM, Byzantinische Gürtelschnallen II 202). Peter soustAl 1 Chalkidikē und unteres Strymōn-Tal. 2 Turm von Marmarion bei Amphipolis am Strymōn, errichtet 1366/67. 3 Monogramm des Klosters Docheiariu an der Westseite des Turmes von Mariana, errichtet vor 1375. 4 Turm des Metochions des Athōs-Klosters H. Paulus in Nea Phōkeia. Verzeichnis der Autoren Vorwort der Herausgeber dass jeder von ihnen für sich einheitlichen Regeln folgt, auf deren Beachtung Wert gelegt wurde, auf eine übergreifende formale Angleichung der Texte ist aber bewußt verzichtet worden, da die Autoren je nach Herkunftsland in vollkommen verschiedenen Gestaltungstraditionen stehen. Weiters sei dankbar hervorgehoben, dass folgende Institutionen die Organisation des Symposiums durch materielle Unterstützung ermöglicht haben: das Präsidium der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, das Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung, die Historisch-kulturwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universität Wien, die Österreichische Byzantinische Gesellschaft, die Magistratsdirektion der Stadt Wien, Präsidialabteilung des Bürgermeisters, der Magistrat der Stadt Wien, Magistratsabteilung 7-Kultur, Wissenschafts-und Forschungsförderung sowie die Israelische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Eine aufrichtige Danksagung gebührt dem Direktor des Instituts für Byzanzforschung der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Peter Soustal, und dessen Stellvertreter, Christian Gastgeber, für verschiedene Hinweise, die technische Vorbereitung der Drucklegung und die Bearbeitung einzelner Abbildungen, sowie schließlich der philosophisch-historischen Klasse der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften für die Aufnahme der Publikation in ihre Denkschriften.

Konrad Miller (1844-1933) introduced the public to mappae mundi and the Tabula Peutingeriana. Wilhelm Kubitschek (1858-1936), a professor of ancient history, criticized him at every step. This annotated compilation explains their feud, mainly using Kubitschek's fierce 1917 reviews of Miller's Itineraria Romana. The Austrian is often petty and nasty, but he also provides an acute analysis of how to make a great edition of the unique Tabula.

ABOUT LOCALIZATION OF MELANTIADA
Konstantin GOSPODINOV

Melantiada is found in sources as a Roman road station, a Roman imperial residence and a village. Here we are attempting at a new localization of the road station and the village. So far, Melantiada has been localized at three places: in Yarımburgaz by the northern end of Lake Küçükçekmece; by Lake Büyükçekmece; or east of it in an area covered with black earth soils.
The basic sources providing information about the localization of Melantiada are Ititnerarium Antonini Augusti and Agathias Scholasticus of Myrina. Both sources provide the most important data - distances to neighboring sites along Via Diagonalis – Cenofrurio and Constantinopolis. They determine the region in which Melantiada is to be sought – north-northwest of the village of Hoşdere, in the direction toward the village of Ömerli.
In addition, Agathias Scholasticus notes that along Melantiada the upper reaches of the Athyras River passes and describes its characteristics. The only river that fits these characteristics is the presentday Muha River, whose beginning is below the places north-northwest of the village of Hoşdere. My localization of Melantiada is confirmed by this. The association of the Athyras River with the Muha River is also a contribution to the historical geography of Eastern Thrace. So far, it has been identified with either of the other two rivers which flow into the Büyükçekmece – the Kara Su River or the Sazlıdere River, however there are arguments against that.

SUMMARY This study examines the toponyms largely within the Iranian sphere (excluding Central Asia) that are recorded in the Cosmographia of the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna. Previous identifications are examined and evaluated. Based upon the most probable toponymic identifications, the internal logic of sequences of toponyms is considered, and these sequences are compared with those of the older Tabula Peutingeriana. RÉSUMÉ La présente contribution analyse les toponymes en rapport large avec la sphère iranienne (à l'exclusion de l'Asie centrale) qui sont répertoriés dans la Cosmographia du Géographe Anonyme de Ravenne. Les indentifications antérieures sont réexaminées et évaluées. Sur la base des identifications toponymiques les plus probables, on étudie la logique interne des séquences des toponymes, puis on compare ces séquences avec ceux présents dans la Tabula Peutingerina, plus ancienne que la Cosmographia.

This paper aims at understanding ethnonyms in their intellectual context
and, more specifically, at highlighting their role in the Late Antique perception and representation of space. In particular, the following text offers an overview of the ethnonyms found in the Tabula Peutingeriana. There are plenty of ethnonyms on
the map, which vary greatly in terms of size and chronology. This large collection
of names reflects a multifaceted understanding of the ethnic landscape and provides
an invaluable example of the interplay between Late Antique ethnic discourse and
sense of place. According to the proposed analysis, the map’s ethnonyms are one of the main tools used by the mapmakers to represent and give meaning to non-Roman spaces.

Through the knowledge of the thermal-mineral waters and their healing properties, many springs gave rise to the foundation of cities in the Roman world that were called Aquae. Literary and epigraphic sources give us more than one hundred urban settlements with this denomination that, in the Peutinger Map, has a distinct iconographic symbol.

A partir del conocimiento de las propiedades de las aguas mineromedicinales y/o termales, y de su uso, van surgiendo, a lo largo del imperio romano, asentamientos que, en algunos casos, llegan a constituir ciudades, cuyo nombre viene definido por su origen: son las denominadas Aquae. A través tanto de las fuentes literarias, como de la epigrafía, se conocen más de un centenar de agrupaciones urbanas con este nombre que, en el caso del mapa de Peutinger, aparecen normalmente acompañadas de un símbolo característico.

The article examines images of roads, settlements and landscapes of Apulia et Calabria depicted on segments V,2-5 and VI,1-2 of the Tabula Peutingeriana, a picta road map drawn up between the middle and the end of the 4 th century. Apulia et Calabria-a regio established by Augustus and transformed into a provincia at the end of the 3 th century-developed on a territory almost corresponding to today's Puglia (southern Italy). The iconographic repertoire has been analyzed in the light of the historical, archaeological and epigraphic known documentation about the Roman administrative unit and in the light of the previous general studies focused on the stylistic peculiarities and interpretation of the images depicted on the Tabula.

Todos os Caminhos Levam a Roma: A Cartografia dos Césares, Tábua Peutinger e os Limites do Espaço é um paper primeiramente publicado pela revista Geografia, da Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), vinculada ao Departamento de Geociências, Programa de Mestrado e Doutorado em Geografia da UEL, volume 22, nº. 1, pp. 59-77, Jan./Abril de 2013 (Fac-símile: http://mw.pro.br/mw/Geografia_Tabua_Peutinger.pdf ). Em Setembro do ano de 2018, este artigo foi masterizado em texto de acesso livre na Internet em Formato PDF com os préstimos da Editora Kotev (Kotev ©). Todos os Caminhos Levam a Roma: A Cartografia dos Césares, Tábua Peutinger e os Limites do Espaço é um material gratuito. Vedada a reprodução comercial e também, divulgação sem aprovação prévia da Editora Kotev. A citação de Todos os Caminhos Levam a Roma: A Cartografia dos Césares, Tábua Peutinger e os Limites do Espaço deve incorporar referências ao autor e apensos editoriais conforme padrão modelar que segue: WALDMAN, Maurício. Todos os Caminhos Levam a Roma: A Cartografia dos Césares, Tábua Peutinger e os Limites do Espaço. Série Cartografia, Nº 2. São Paulo (SP): Editora Kotev. 2018.

RESUMO: A Cartografia antiga é um vasto manancial de acesso ao conhecimento tradicional do espaço, um estudo que não tem recebido a justa atenção que merece. Este paper, centrado numa memorável peça cartográfica com origem na antiguidade clássica – a Tabula Peutingeriana ou Tábua Peutinger – propõe uma avaliação que busca explicitar os arrazoados que justificaram sua elaboração, observando-a não somente como um material técnico, mas igualmente na sua declinação civilizatória e cultural. Como se sabe, a Tabula Peutingeriana se refere ao mapeamento da notável rede de caminhos que cruzavam o império romano, uma malha viária sem igual no mundo antigo. Iniciativa respaldada por sortido conjunto de motivações econômicas, sociais e políticas, esta rede de comunicações, sendo a razão de ser da Tábua Peutinger, é discutida em conformidade com a meta de esclarecer as motivações que regem sua representação cartográfica, assim como seus significados geográficos, históricos e culturais. Consistindo num mapa-múndi, o manuscrito, por ser revelador das acepções postadas no comando do imaginário espacial romano, permite traçar analogias e distanciamentos mantidos com outras elaborações cartográficas, tanto as do mundo tradicional quanto da modernidade. Por isso mesmo, o paper que segue busca, na discussão de uma notável peça cartográfica da antiguidade, divisar os sentidos que de igual modo, governam a relação do homem contemporâneo com o espaço, sua percepção e representação.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Tabula Peutingeriana, cartografia romana, história da cartografia, imaginário espacial, geografia cultural.

ALL ROADS LEAD TO ROME: CARTOGRAPHY OF THE CAESARS, THE PEUTINGER BOARD AND THE LIMITS OF SPACE

ABSTRACT: The Ancient Cartography is a vast source of access to traditional knowledge space, a study that has not received the proper attention it deserves. This paper, centered on a memorable piece cartographic originated in classical antiquity - the Tabula Peutingeriana or Board Peutinger - proposes an evaluation that seeks to explain the reasoning for justifying its elaboration, watching her not only as a technical material, but also in its civilizational and cultural declination. As known, the Tabula Peutingeriana refers to mapping the remarkable network of paths crossing the Roman Empire, a road network unique in the ancient world. Initiative supported by assorted set of motivations, social and economic policies, this communications network, and the reason for the Board Peutinger, is discussed in accordance with the goal of clarifying the motivations that govern its cartographic representation, as well as its geographical meanings, history and culture. Consisting of a world map, the manuscript because it reveals the renderings posted in command of the Roman imaginary space, allows us to draw analogies and differences kept with other cartographic elaborations, both the traditional and the modern world. Therefore, the paper that follows seeks, in discussing a Cartographic remarkable piece of antiquity, discern the meanings likewise govern man's relationship with the contemporary space, its perception and representation.

KEYWORDS: Tabula Peutingeriana, Roman cartography, history of cartography, spatial imagery, cultural geography.

TOUS LES CHEMINS MÈNENT À ROME: CARTOGRAPHIE DES CÉSARS, PEUTINGER TABLE ET LES LIMITES DE L'ESPACE

RÉSUMÉ: La cartographie ancienne est une grande richesse de l'accès aux connaissances traditionnelles sur l'espace, une étude qui n'a pas reçu l'attention qu'elle mérite. Ce document, en se concentrant sur une pièce cartographie mémorable aux origines dans l'antiquité classique - la Tabula Peutingeriana ou le Table de Peutinger - propose une évaluation qui cherche à expliquer le raisonnement pour justifier leur préparation, à la regarder non seulement comme une matière technique, mais aussi à son déclin civilisationnel et culturelle. Comme vous le savez, la Tabula Peutingeriana se réfère à la cartographie du réseau de chemins qui traversait l'Empire romain remarquable, un réseau routier unique dans le monde antique. Initiative soutenue par un ensemble hétéroclite de motivations, les politiques sociales et économiques, ce réseau de communication, et la raison de Peutinger Table, est discuté conformément à l'objectif de clarifier les motivations qui président à sa représentation cartographique, ainsi que ses significations géographiques, historique et la culture. Composé d'une carte du monde, le manuscrit parce qu'elle révèle les rendus postés dans le commandement de l'espace romain imaginaire, nous permet d'établir des analogies et des différences conservés avec des élaborations cartographiques autres, à la fois le traditionnel et le monde moderne. Par conséquent, le document qui suit vise, en discutant une pièce remarquable cartographique de l'antiquité, de discerner les significations également régissent la relation de l'homme avec l'espace contemporain, sa perception et sa représentation.

MOTS-CLÉS: Tabula Peutingeriana, la cartographie romaine, l'histoire de la cartographie, imagerie spatiale, la géographie culturelle.

The river Bosut, now a left tributary of the Sava flowing through eastern Slavonia and western Syrmia (across the border between Croatia and Serbia), is mentioned in several ancient Latin sources. Pliny the Elder (Nat. hist. III, 148) calls it Bacuntius and says that it flows into the Sava near the town of Sirmium. Another very probable mention of the Bosut is found in the name of the road station Ad Basante, indicated on the Tabula Peutingeriana (originally from the fourth or the early fifth century). According to this ancient map, Ad Basante was the first station on the road leading from Marsonia (today Slavonski Brod) to Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica), located on the northern side of the river Sava. Historians now mostly agree that the station stood near modern Županja, on the uppermost course of the Bosut (originally connected with the Sava). In older literature Ad Basante was more often placed on the lower course of the river Bosna, which is called Bathinus in the work of Velleius Paterculus; but this would be south of the Sava, which contradicts the data contained in the Tabula. More recently, there are some attempts to connect Ad Basante with the remains of a possibly Roman castle (known in modern times as Grad, Manželjski grad and Repovac-grad) located on the southern side of the Sava, on the half-island called Basucka formed by a meander of the river west of Županja. This identification is based on the hypothesis that in the Antiquity the Sava used to flow south of the territory of Basucka, possibly making it an island (enclosed by a river branch which corresponds to the present-day meander). So far, however, this hypothesis remains unproven. The third probable reference to the river Bosut is found in the early Christian martyrdom acts of Irenaeus, bishop of Sirmium. For his stubborn rejection of the Roman paganism Irenaeus was killed in 304 AD on the bridge named Basentis (pons qui vocatur Basentis) and thrown into the Sava. Historians disagree on the exact meaning of the phrase. Some think that the bridge was on the Bosut, but the dominant view is that it was on the Sava (corroborating the fact that the late antique Sirmium had two bridges over the river). In the latter case, the bridge could be so named because (in the opinion of Vladislav Popović) it led to the southern road connecting Sirmium with the important station of Ad Basante „near the mouth of the Bosna into the Sava“. It is, however, more probable that in such circumstances the Sirmium bridge would have been named after the closer river Drina rather than the farther Bosna or a road station on it. It is therefore more plausible that pons Basentis was so named in reference to the Bosut, because it was the more western of the two bridges at Sirmium and thus the one which stood closer to this northern tributary of the Sava.
Apart from these three direct references, Pliny's mention of an island on the Sava named Metubarbis (described in addition as „the largest among river islands“) is also frequently connected with the Bosut. Matija Petar Katančić was thus among the first who thought that the name Metubarbis (which he linguistically interpreted as „među barama“ or paludibus circumdatus) covered the large territory enclosed by the Biđ and the Bosut on one side and the Sava on the other. Despite being widely accepted in more recent literature, this identification remains questionable and Pliny's island of Metubarbis still topographically enigmatic.

Abstract: The Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna wrote his Cosmographia c. 700 CE. This paper examines that part of the work which list s the names of islands located in the Persian Gulf. It examines the sources of those names, their att est ation in earlier sources (e.g., Strabo, Pliny, Arrian, Pomponius Mela, Stephen of Byzantium) and suggest s identifications, wherever possible, with modern toponyms. Places located on the east coast of Arabia and in the Oman peninsula are also discussed.

Die Stationen und Verbindungen auf dem XI. Segment der Tabula Peutingeriana stellen den modernen Betrachter vor folgende Probleme: Die Lage vieler Orte ist unbekannt, weshalb auch die dargestellten Routen nur schwer nachvollziehbar sind. Gleichzeitig gilt für die lokalisierten Passagen, dass diese oftmals falsch in der Tabula Peutingeriana eingetragen wurden. Es ist daher nicht überraschend, dass sich die wissenschaftliche Forschung just diesem Segment nur selten zugewandt hat. Dennoch ist und bleibt dessen Betrachtung bei der Bewertung und Analyse der Tabula Peutingeriana als Gesamtwerk von immenser Bedeutung, deren in diesem Abschnitt verzeichnetes Straßennetz auch hinsichtlich der Entstehungszeit der ‚Ur-Tabula‘ wertvolle Erkenntnisse erlaubt. In diesem Beitrag soll daher die Strecke von Persepolis über Ekbatana, Hecantopolis und Alexandria Areia nach Propasta untersucht werden. Zudem wird auch die Abzweigung nach Antiochia Gegenstand der Ausarbeitung sein, da diese im Zusammenhang mit dem allgemeinen Verständnis des elften Segments von Bedeutung ist. Die Routen werden im Folgenden hinsichtlich ihres Bezuges auf die Darstellung auf der Tabula Peutingeriana, des tatsächlichen Routenverlaufes und der Frage nach der Verifizierbarkeit der Angaben exemplarisch erforscht werden.

The mansio of Hasta, mentioned in the Tabula Peutingeriana, was built along the via Aurelia vetus at Alberese, in the southern part of the ager Rusellanus (GR, Tuscany, Italy). Some oblique aerial photographs made it possible to reconstruct the plan of the site occupying an area of about 3 ha. The mansio was built at the end of 1st – the early 2nd AD by the imperial estates. The res Caesaris, which had acquired the ager Cosanus and the islands of Giglio and Giannutri in the Grossetan Maremma, had invested in the ager Rusellanus and promoted in the Alberese a certain amount of development documented by the restructuring of the sanctuary complex of Diana Umbronensis, by the construction of the manufacturing district of Spolverino at the last bend of the Ombrone river and perhaps with the construction of the mansio of Umbro flumen at the mouth of the Ombrone. Like many other mansiones of the Italian peninsula, Hasta was abandoned in the late 5th century AD. A new occupation is documented in the early Middle Ages when the Astiano curtis, whose name recalls that of the Roman mansio, is documented from written sources.

The Institute for Balkan Studies of SASA, Belgrade and the Faculty of Philosophy, Niš have published monograph of Dr Vladimir P. Petrović, Senior Research Associate of the Institute for Balkan Studies of SASA, entitled: Roman Settlements and Communication Lines between the Adriatic and the Danube (First to Fourth Centuries).
The geographical framework of this monograph is the territory of the Balkans and partly of Central Europe, from the Adriatic Sea up to the right bank of the Danube, the territories of the ancient Roman provinces Dalmatia and Pannonia, south of the river Drava, which grew out of the province Illyricum during the reign of the Flavian dynasty. The book also focuses upon the whole territory of Upper Moesia (Moesia Superior). The subject of this study is the ancient Roman settlements and communication routes in the area stretching from the Adriatic to the Danube, especially the characteristics such as their age, character, functions, contemporary ubication and the degree of the archaeological research. Namely, two significant hodological issues present in the space of the aforementioned three Roman provinces are being analysed and related in a particular way: important communication routes recorded in the historical sources (itineraries – road maps) and the roads of the vicinal, i.e. local character together with important settlements and all individually recorded or, in certain cases, hypothetic stations connected by the Roman roads. This monograph aims to emphasise the significance and particularity of this extensive and scientifically challenging issue. The method used is the comparative analysis of the versatile resource materials, such as literary works, epigraphic sources, as well as the results of the archaeological excavations.