Survival

Objectives: To delineate the influences of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on human mortality and agerelated morbid conditions, principally the metabolic syndrome, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, excess body weight, cancer, poor bone mineralization and rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Method: Citations were selected from a PubMed search according to their clinical and experimental relevance. Results and conclusions: Individuals who adhere to the principles of the traditional MD tend to have a longer life-span. Both men and women who report eating foods closest to the MD are about 10-20% less likely to die over the course of a study of heart disease, cancer or any other cause. The longevity of Mediterranean people has been related to olive oil, and its several microcomponents of antioxidant potential, present in all MD variants. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome may be reduced by a MD. The MD is significantly inversely associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It also has benefits in relation to the prevention of cardiovascular events, reduces the risk of mortality after myocardial infarction, and reduces peripheral arterial disease. The risk of obesity decreases with increasing adherence to the traditional MD. The MD also has a preventive effect on cancer, through its antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects, mostly due to the components of virgin olive oil and vegetables. There is some evidence of the benefits of the MD in relation to bone metabolism, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative age-related diseases (cognitive deficit, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease).

This 18-month follow-up study builds on the findings of a randomized experimental evaluation that found qualified support for He has authored or coauthored over 100 publications, most of which deal with research methods or with empirical evaluations of practice in such areas as domestic violence, severe and persistent mental illness, the assessment and treatment of traumatized children, engagement and retention in substance abuse treatment programs, and the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR).

“Power is war, the continuation of war by other means”: Foucault’s reversal of Clausewitz’s formula has become a staple of critical theory — but it remains highly problematic on a conceptual level. Elaborated during Foucault’s 1976 lectures (“Society Must Be Defended”), this work-hypothesis theorises “basic warfare” [la guerre fondamentale] as the teleological horizon of socio-political relations. Following Boulainvilliers, Foucault champions this polemological approach, conceived as a purely descriptive discourse on “real” politics and war, against the philosophico-juridical conceptuality attached to liberal society (Hobbes’s Leviathan being here the prime example).
However, in doing so, Foucault did not interrogate the conceptual validity of notions such as power and war, therefore interlinking them without questioning their ontological status. This problematic conflation was partly rectified in 1982, as Foucault proposed a more dynamic definition of power relations: “actions over potential actions”.
I argue, somewhat polemically, that Foucault’s hermeneutics of power still involves a teleological violence, dependent on a polemological representation of human relations as essentially instrumental: this resembles what Derrida names, in “Heidegger’s Ear”, an “anthropolemology”. However, I show that all conceptualisation of power implies its self-deconstruction. This self-deconstructive (or autoimmune) structure supposes an archi-originary unpower prior to power: power presupposes an excess within power, an excessive force, another violence making it both possible and impossible. There is something within power located “beyond the power principle” (Derrida). This (self-)excess signifies a limitless resistantiality co-extensive with power-relationality. It also allows the reversal of pólemos into its opposite, as unpower opens politics and warfare to the messianic call of a pre-political, pre-ontological disruption: the archi-originary force of différance. This force, unconditional, challenges Foucault’s conceptualisations of power, suggesting an originary performativity located before or beyond hermeneutics of power-knowledge, disrupting theoreticity as well as empiricity by pointing to their ontological complicity.
The bulk of this essay is dedicated to sketching the theoretical implications of this deconstructive reading of Foucault with respect to the methodology and conceptuality of political science and social theory.

Physical activity modulates inflammation and immune response in both normal and pathologic conditions. We investigated whether regular and moderate exercise before the induction of experimental sepsis reduces the risk of lung and distal organ injury and survival. One hundred twenty-four BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to two groups: sedentary (S) and trained (T). Animals in T group ran on a motorized treadmill, at moderate intensity, 5% grade, 30 min/day, 3 times a week for 8 wk. Cardiac adaptation to exercise was evaluated using echocardiography. Systolic volume and left ventricular mass were increased in T compared with S group. Both T and S groups were further randomized either to sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture surgery (CLP) or sham operation (control). After 24 h, lung mechanics and histology, the degree of cell apoptosis in lung, heart, kidney, liver, and small intestine villi, and interleukin (IL)-6, KC (IL-8 murine functional homolog), IL-1β, IL-10, and numb...

The changing social, cultural and economic conditions of transmigrant communities in rural Mexico require that women who stay behind, while their loved ones travel back and forth to the USA, create social relations that ensure their survival. From over five years of ethnographic research, this article explores the healing potential of women-centred teaching and learning spaces. By juxtaposing Ortega y Gasset's notion of vivencia – to live – with hooks' idea of collective healing and drawing on empirical data from Mexican rural women's convivencias (gatherings; coexistence), the author analyses the relationship between the mutual coexistence transpiring in women's gatherings and their survival (super-vivencia).

1. Quantifying the pattern of temporal and spatial variation in demography, and identifying the factors that cause this variation, are essential steps towards understanding the structure and dynamics of any population. 2. One critical but understudied demographic rate is pre-breeding survival. We used long-term colour-ringing data to quantify temporal (among-year) and spatial (among-nest site) variation in pre-breeding survival in red-billed choughs (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax) inhabiting Islay, Scotland, and identified environmental correlates of this variation. 3. Random-effects capture-mark-recapture models demonstrated substantial temporal and spatial process variance in first-year survival; survival from fledging to age 1 year varied markedly among choughs fledged in different years and fledged from different nest sites. Spatial variance exceeded temporal variance across choughs fledged from well-studied nest sites. 4. The best-supported models of temporal variation suggested that first-year survival was higher in years following high tipulid larvae abundance and when weather conditions favoured increased invertebrate productivity and/or availability to foraging choughs. These variables explained up to 80% of estimated temporal process variance. 5. The best-supported models of spatial variation suggested that first-year survival was higher in choughs fledged from nest sites that were further from exposed coasts and closer to flocking areas, and surrounded by better habitat and higher chough density. These variables explained up to 40% of estimated spatial process variance. 6. Importantly, spatio-temporal models indicated interactive effects of weather, tipulid abundance, local habitat and local chough density on first-year survival, suggesting that detrimental effects of poor weather and low tipulid abundance may be reduced in choughs fledged from nest sites surrounded by better foraging habitat and lower chough density. 7. These analyses demonstrate substantial temporal and small-scale spatial variation in pre-breeding survival, a key demographic rate, and indicate that this variation may reflect interactive effects of weather, prey abundance, habitat and geography. These patterns illustrate the value of holistic models of demographic variation, and indicate environmental factors that may limit the growth rate of Islay's protected chough population.

Down  syndrome  (DS)  is  a  major  cause  of  congenital  malformation  and  disability.  No  updated  data  are available  on  life  expectancy  of  persons  with  DS  in  Europe.  We  collected  information  on  age,  sex  and  area  of  birth  of 3,217 persons with DS died from 1997 to 2009 in Italy. Survivals rates and mean survival time was calculated using a life tables  calculated  from  cross  sectional  data.  Some  factors  influencing  the  survival  were  also  analysed  using  a  semi-proportional  hazard  model. Survival rates  of  91.4% at  one year  and  88.3% at  ten years were found. Mean survival time at  birth  was  47.1  years  (C.I.  95%:  46.5-47.7).  There  was  8-year significant difference  in  survival  between  north-central regions and southern regions. Male life expectancy was 46.9 years (C.I. 95%: 46.1-47.8), lower than females 47.3 years (C.I. 95%: 46.5-48.2) even though not statistically significant (p=0.23). Almost nine  out ten children with DS now survive at least 10 years. Adequate  educational and  health service  provisions needs to be  made for them.  The disadvantage of Down persons born in the Southern regions in terms of life expectancy is impressive. Quality of medical care provided in the South  of Italy  in the  first  months  of life is the  most likely  determinant  of the  high  mortality  observed among  persons with DS born in that area

Current events in science imply that a new scientific revolution in physics is unfolding. This new revolution will be as much about mind and consciousness as it is about matter and physics. It will bring a new theory of physical reality that includes the consciousness that senses, interprets and interacts with physical reality. The new theory of consciousness will lead to explanatory models of the paranormal as well as explain how consciousness survives death. This prediction is not an optimistic 'pipe dream', but our present and future. A theory of this type has already been developed. It is based on a five-dimensional Einstein-Kaluza model of the space-time continuum. ‘Single field theory' or SOFT can easily account for paranormal phenomena and the survival of consciousness. Whatever theory finally succeeds in bridging the gap between mind and matter, indications are that it will have many of the characteristics of SOFT if it is not SOFT. Whatever the case may be, a valid theory that combines physical reality and consciousness is truly a theory to die for!

This study examined childhood physical or sexual abuse, involvement in dependency or delinquency systems, psychiatric hospitalization, and suicide as possible risk factors for survival sex among homeless young women. Homeless young women were found to have similarly high rates of childhood sexual abuse, dependency and delinquency systems involvement, and psychiatric hospitalization. Homeless young women involved in survival sex disclosed higher rates of attempted suicide and reported marginally higher rates of childhood physical abuse. Analysis of qualitative data showed that those engaged in survival sex were motivated primarily by desperation to meet basic needs including a place to stay, food and money, and one third mentioned that peers commonly were influential in decisions to engage in survival sex. Others were influenced by coercion (10%) or pursuit of drugs (10%). Young women engaged in survival sex generally experienced regret and shame about their experience.

Genetic parameters were estimated for growth and pond survival of Penaeus monodon using full-sib families from wild brood females collected from Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh of the Indian coastline. The post larvae were reared, tagged, and thereafter communal-reared in two ponds. There was a moderate phenotypic correlation between stocking weight and harvest weight (0.39). A linear mixed model, when fitted to the harvest weight, revealed significant sex and pond effects and a heritability estimate of 0.27 ± 0.07. This estimate is likely to over-estimate the true heritability, as full-sib families were initially reared in separate tanks, although tagging weight was fitted as a covariate in an attempt to remove this effect. Correlation of family breeding values for harvest weight between the two ponds suggested little genotype × environment interaction. Heritability of pond survival was 0.21 ± 0.06, with unusually low levels of survival in the experiment, likely contributing to the high level of genetic variance observed. The correlation between family breeding values for harvest weight and pond survival was low (0.05) and not significantly different from zero. However, the correlation was not antagonistic, suggesting that P. monodon broodstock with high breeding values for both traits could be selected.

We recently proposed that human memory systems are ''tuned'' to remember information that is processed for survival, perhaps as a result of fitness advantages accrued in the ancestral past. This proposal was supported by experiments in which participants showed superior memory when words were rated for survival relevance, at least relative to when words received other forms of deep processing. The current experiments tested the mettle of survival memory by pitting survival processing against conditions that are universally accepted as producing excellent retention, including conditions in which participants rated words for imagery, pleasantness, and self-reference; participants also generated words, studied words with the intention of learning them, or rated words for relevance to a contextually rich (but non-survival-related) scenario. Survival processing yielded the best retention, which suggests that it may be one of the best encoding procedures yet discovered in the memory field.

This article elaborates the topic of food in the context of an armed conflict. It asks what happens to a social actor and his/her ”everyday bread“ in the conditions of extreme hunger and overall material scarcity? Using the example of eating practices during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1990s, the author explores the issue of everyday subsistence strategies during the radical structural changes. She develops a thesis that the ability of improvisation and the knowledge of the natural environment in the time of crises significantly increases the chance of survival. Moreover, she also argues that in certain situations food can be used as a tool of power and a marker of social exclusion. In extreme cases, targeted groups and individuals can be intentionally starved out. These research conclusions are based on author‘s long-term ethnographic and historical research in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the towns of Srebrenica and Sarajevo.

Terrorism is an increasing feature of the World Scene. In the UK, our perspective has changed from a largely Ireland focused one to a more international view. The United States of America are, for the first time, seen as major terrorist targets. We are now "at war with terrorism". The medical aspects of terrorism have been extensively discussed in this journal and elsewhere, this article specifically addresses the psychological consequences of the use of terror weapons.

Background: Within Europe and North America, the median annual mortality from snow avalanches between 1994 and 2003 was 141. There are two commonly used rescue devices: the avalanche transceiver, which is intended to speed up locating a completely buried person, and the avalanche airbag, which aims to prevent the person from being completely buried. Objective: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate whether these avalanche rescue devices had an effect on mortality. Methods: The study population was 1504 persons who were involved in 752 avalanches either in Switzerland from 1990Switzerland from to 2000Switzerland from and from 2002Switzerland from to 2003Switzerland from (1296 or in Austria from 1998 to 2004 (208 persons, 13.8%). Results: Persons equipped with an avalanche airbag had a lower chance of dying (2.9% versus 18.9%; P = 0.026, OR 0.09, n = 1504). In persons who were completely buried, without visible or audible signs at the surface and who did not rescue themselves (n = 317), we found a lower median duration of burial (25 min versus 125 min; P < 0.001) and mortality (55.2% versus 70.6%; P < 0.001, OR 0.26) in those using an avalanche transceiver than in those not using the device. Conclusions: Our data showed that both the avalanche airbag and the avalanche transceiver reduce mortality. However, to improve the evaluation of rescue devices in the future, the data collection procedures should be reviewed and prospective trials should be considered, as the reliability of retrospective studies is limited.

Progress traps come about when human ingenuity introduces problems that it does not have the resources to solve, preventing further progress.

Are we able to short-circuit our awareness of man-made changes to the environment? What if these innovations cause harm? Can a society unknowingly engineer its own collapse? This study explores the history and behavioral aspects of these issues. It finds that the intuitive, divergent side of the mind/brain must thrive and be engaged in order to predict and prevent progress traps.

The sample chapter "Excuses, excuses" encapsulates the book's main points.

www.progresstrap.org        http://progresstrap.blogspot.com
http://www.amazon.com/Escaping-progress-Daniel-Brian-OLeary-ebook/dp/B003F77CVU/

Objective: The prediction of breast cancer survivability has been a challenging research problem for many researchers. Since the early dates of the related research, much advancement has been recorded in several related fields. For instance, thanks to innovative biomedical technologies, better explanatory prognostic factors are being measured and recorded; thanks to low cost computer hardware and software technologies, high volume better quality data is being collected and stored automatically; and finally thanks to better analytical methods, those voluminous data is being processed effectively and efficiently. Therefore, the main objective of this manuscript is to report on a research project where we took advantage of those available technological advancements to develop prediction models for breast cancer survivability.

This chapter discusses the current situation of solid waste management in healthcare centers in Palestine. The monthly estimated quantity of solid waste produced by the healthcare centers in Palestine was 472.9 tons. There is very little separation of solid waste in primary healthcare centers (38.1%) as compared to secondary healthcare centers (71%). Only 17.3% of the healthcare centers in Palestine perform treatment of their solid waste. The place of final disposal of healthcare waste is an unsanitary dumping site owned by the local authority, and is used by 87.2% of the healthcare centers. Collection, storage and disposal of healthcare waste constitutes an environmental problem that poses an important health risk and calls for immediate attention and intervention. Healthcare centers have inadequate refuse collection services, lack of storage and disposal facilities. Special efforts should be made to improve the healthcare management in an effective and integrated manner.

L’Occident est à bout de souffle, il est tard, probablement trop tard pour changer de cap, et ce qui viendra après la collision annoncée entre la bienpenseance et la réalité, nul ne le sait. Et pourtant, il faut vivre ; vivre avec le déclin de l’Europe, vivre avec la certitude que demain ne pourra qu’être pire qu’aujourd’hui ; vivre en sachant que les jours de la civilisation occidentale telle que nous la connaissions sont comptés. Que faire ? Comment gérer sa vie au quotidien, comment se projeter, malgré tout, dans l’avenir, et surtout, comment faire pour léguer notre héritage en danger à nos descendants ? Voilà quelques questions auxquelles ce vadémécum tente de donner des réponses pratiques – et réalistes…

Women who suffered in the Romanian Gulag (1944-1964) gave testimonies shaped by the laws of an ingenious technique, creating a literature that was to be spectacularly born in Romania only after the fall of the Communist regime (in December 1989). Some of these testimonies were harsh and raw revealing statements. Others strove to render insights into the history of Romania, using a journalistic approach, while yet others became thorough records of sorrow in and about the Communist repression system. The book of Anița Nandriș-Cudla, Twenty Years in Siberia. The Destiny of a Woman from Bukovina, has a rustic, simple style. Its author is a peasant woman, but she has a native gift for stories about her experience of deportation to Siberia. Unlike her, Lena Constante, a refined intellectual, created distinctive accounts of the Romanian Gulag, characterized by psychological and aesthetic intricacy. Her first book, The Silent Escape / L'Évasion silencieuse (written directly in French) is a reference title in Romanian (and French) literature on the inferno of Communist prisons in Romania. Júlia Visky was the wife of a Protestant minister; her husband was in prison for many years, while Júlia Visky and her seven children were deported to Dobrogea, in the south of Romania. Her experience as a deportee (described in her book Three Crosses) is conveyed from a religious perspective, her major topic being survival.

Freudian discourses assert the nature of one's dreams to be revealing of that which remains unresolved or that which has not been properly addressed. These discourses also designate dreams as avenues of growth-that is, when analyzed and examined appropriately, dreams can be telling of the dimensions of one's personality that require further examination, subsequently allowing the individual to learn from, and about, themselves. In addition to providing an extra sensory perception of sorts, dreams, then, also operate as personal pedagogical tools. This pedagogy, unfortunately, is not exempt from internal or external influence(s), or what Freud refers to as stimuli. In The Interpretation of Dreams, Freud outlines four sources of stimuli that direct the dreaming process, two of which are the external sensory stimuli (the objective), and the internal sensory stimuli (the subjective); he goes on to state that it is widely understood that dreams are the culmination of several influences (Freud 31). This culmination, particularly with regards to the objective and the subjective sensory stimuli, is best exemplified in Jean Rhys' Wide Sargasso Sea, through the character of Antoinette. Socially underdeveloped as a result of only ever knowing herself in relation to other people (an issue addressed throughout in this work), Antoinette cannot find it in herself to be properly self-reflexive or self-examining, and thus Rhys situates her dreams at pivotal moments in the novel at instances where such examination is crucial. The absence of the self-examining action in her wakeful existence (or what may be regarded as "the real world",

Psychoanalysis has shown that the death of a sibling is likely to have a long-standing impact on the character development of a surviving child. Among common adult manifestations are the identifi cation with the deceased sibling, repetitive self-punitive behaviors, and the development of masochistic trends. In treatment, these patients can become entrenched in a negative therapeutic reaction that compromises the outcome of their analysis. In this paper, the author discusses the analysis of a woman with a history of losses that included the loss of a sibling at an early age. A critical part of the treatment focused on helping this patient overcome a negative therapeutic reaction that emerged as she became aware of hostile and vengeful fantasies, not only as they related to her deceased brother but, more importantly, as they related to her parents.