Squid Fishing with Light

This short review summarizes the current status of the squid fisheries in Indian waters. It primarily considers
the historical classification and biological characteristics of squid within the context to Indian squid
varieties. Squid is an economically important cephalopod in India represented mainly by Loligo duvauceli,
Sepioteuthis lessoniana, and Doryteuthis species. Among the squids, the Indian squid (Loligo duvauceli) is
the dominant species, catching about 97% all over the country per year. The squid fish plays a major role in
balancing the marine ecosystem. Generally, the temperature changes, ocean acidification and climatic
changes are likely to affect marine ecosystems and their associated fisheries, adding to the challenges of
managing fisheries sustainably. The proposed changes responded quickly in the squids and act as ecosystem
indicators of environmental change by minimum growth rate and maximum production. Since, the increase
in ocean temperatures can cause faster growth and shorter life spans of squid. In addition, briefly reviews
the methods of exploitation of squid along with the current squid populations, fishing methods, export,
utilization and marketing. India’s squid fishing fleet accounted for 3% of the global squid production and
makes up approximately 5–7% of U.S. squid imports. The processed squid meat has been exported in global
level from the maritime states to Japan, US, EU, UAE, Italy and France through the major ports such as
Kochi, Kollam, Tuticorin, Mumbai and Visakhapatnam. A brief analysis of the current status of the Indian
squid fisheries and considers the potential for future development are provided in conclusion.

The harvest technology of the high-valued squids has seen marked various developments, and Japanese fishermen are instrumental in the developing squid jigs and jigging technology. The technology spread from Japan to other parts of the world, including India, where it has been reported to be in operation since 1917 has been steady. The article discusses the various developments in squid jigging practices in India, and overview of technological aspects of the squid jigging.

Authors: A. Stern , D. Ashkenazi, D. Cvikel, B. Rosend, E. Galili-
An archeometallurgical and technical characterization of a Late Byzantine–Early Islamic fishing-spear (harpoon)
and a fire basket, both made of iron, was performed. These fishing instruments, probably belonging to a fishing
vessel dated to the seventh century AD, were retrieved from the Dor (Tantura) lagoon, Israel. The present
research aimed at determining the composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of the objects in
order to understand their manufacturing process. The objects were studied archeologically and typologically
and by archeometallurgical minimally destructive testing methods. These included identification of forge
welding lines, radiographic testing, metallographic light and SEM/EDS microscopy and microhardness tests.
The results revealed a heterogeneous microstructure containing allotriomorphic, idiomorphic and
Widmanstätten ferrite and pearlite, as typical to low-carbon wrought-iron manufactured by the bloomery
process, along with some scattered inclusions. It is suggested that both objects were manufactured by a skilful
blacksmith using a hot-working technique, with no evidence of carburization or quench-hardening processes.
A detailed description of the assembly processes of both artifacts by forge welding, riveting and folding is
proposed. The similarity in the chemical composition and the use of the same fabrication techniques suggest
that both items were produced using the same raw material and were most likely fabricated in the same blacksmith
workshop. This information extends our knowledge of metallurgical technologies and materials use in the
Eastern Mediterranean during the Byzantine and early Islamic periods