Innovation and New Product Design

This is a case study of corporate-guided market failure: Coca Cola Inc’s new branded product Coke Life, launched in 2013. ‘Brand failures’ are an accepted part of the business world and regularly feature in the business strategy literature. Here brand failure is reframed as corporate-guided market failure. The study begins by extending the conventional concept of ‘market failure’. Next, it sets-out the context of under-spending on soda drinks which prompted Coca Cola to instigate a new market. Then it analyses of the actions of the Coke Life brand managers within the framework of the seven aspects of a corporate-guided market. Lastly, it evaluates why Coke Life failed to stimulate sufficient sales.

ABSTRACT Consumers are faced with decisions, such as what product or brand to buy. The casino gaming area
hosts hundreds of slot machines that vary in theme, colour and sound. The objective of this research was to
determine if differences existed between male and female gamers regarding the way they select a slot machine
game. The sample population consists of gamers playing at a specific slot machine in the casino. Six hundred and
thirty structured questionnaires were obtained through personal interviews. The main findings indicated that no
significant differences exist between male and female gamers regarding the way they select a slot machine game to
play on. The findings of this study could assist the casino management and slot machine manufacturers in
understanding what process casino gamers follow when selecting a slot machine game to play as well as in the
development of new marketing strategies and new product development.

Main goal of this paper is to present the methodology for product development and design. A bicycle stand product is chosen as a case study. Presented methodology is a process with several steps which include definition of problem, generating several concept designs, analysis of generated designs, choosing the best concept design, development of virtual prototype and development of real prototype. Presented methodology can be used for development and design of any product. Process of development of virtual and real prototype is presented in more detail. Virtual prototype is developed using advanced computer aided design technologies. Real prototype is developed and manufactured using advanced additive manufacturing technology.

How do technologies develop? This study proposes the theory of technological parasitism that is based on the idea that parasite-host relationships between technologies and technologies with a high number of technological parasites have an accelerated evolution driven by long-run mutualistic symbioses, providing the basis for extensive macroevolution and adaptive behavior of systems of interactive technologies in markets. This theory may be useful for bringing a new perspective to explain and generalize the evolution of technology directed to sustain competitive advantage of firms and nations. In particular, technological parasitism explains the relationship of mutualistic symbiosis between a host (or master) technology and inter-related technologies to satisfy needs and/or to solve consequential problems of socioeconomic subjects over time. To explore the potential of adopting a theory of technological parasitism and to predict which technologies are likeliest to evolve rapidly, this study implements a theoretical test based on a computational agent-based model developed from these concepts and a empirical test based on historical data on the evolution of four example technologies (aircraft, tractor, locomotive and bicycle technology). Computational and empirical evidence are broadly consistent with the theoretical expectation that host (or master) technologies with many associated parasitic technologies advance rapidly, whereas master technologies with fewer parasitic technologies improve slowly. The proposed theory has a demonstrated capacity to explain relationships between technologies in complex systems that clarify the driving forces of the evolution of technology in markets. The finding of this study could aid management of firms and innovation strategy of nations to implement best practices of product/process design and development for supporting R&D of technologies that are likely to evolve rapidly, sustaining and safeguarding competitive advantage. Overall, then, this study, for the first time to our knowledge, begins the process of clarifying and generalizing, as far as possible, the role of long-run coevolution between host and parasitic technologies in complex systems, suggesting fruitful implications for innovation management.
This conceptual scheme here is especially relevant in Schumpeterian markets with innovation-based competition to explain a major source of technological evolution and success, the parasite-host relationships between technologies. Finally, this theory here suggests a new direction for the development of more sophisticated concepts and theoretical frameworks to explain technological and industrial change in economic systems.

Este libro le permitirá equiparse con la cultura, el conocimiento y la experiencia necesarios, de acuerdo con planteamientos desarrollados a través del tiempo por grandes investigadores y practicantes. Con nuestra experiencia, hemos interpretado, organizado y recopilado estos conocimientos para compartirlos con ustedes de manera sencilla y con planteamientos breves para llegar a su esencia. Queremos proporcionarle una experiencia completa de nuestra cultura: desde un acercamiento a las raíces
filosóficas del design thinking, hasta consejos para configurar el espacio ideal de innovación.

PROJECT LIGHT & WATER :
SOLAR BOTTLE LAMP

Proyek Light & Water ini adalah hasil dari sebuah latihan dalam mata kuliah Proses Kreatif, sebagai bagian dari perkuliahan Magister Desain Trisakti.

Kelompok kami yang terdiri dari empat mahasiswa merancang sebuah konsep karya desain yang berhubungan dengan dua elemen: light atau cahaya, dan water atau air.

Dalam jurnal ini, penulis menjabarkan bagaimana asal mula konsep, pencarian fungsi dan pemanfaatan teknologi, proses kreatif dalam eksplorasi sketsa desain, serta contoh aplikasinya.

Karya desain yang kami buat bernama Solar Bottle Lamp, sebuah eksplorasi desain produk lampu menggunakan medium botol (dan kaca acrylic, tergantung pemanfaatannya) berisikan air dengan menggunakan cahaya matahari sebagai sumber energi. Melalui pemanfaatan teknologi sederhana, sumber daya alam yang gratis, serta biaya yang murah, kami menciptakan berbagai jenis proposal desain berupa sketsa serta rekayasa fotografi.

Tak kalah pentingnya adalah sifat sustainability dan environmental friendly yang melekat pada desain produk ini. Selain itu kami juga melakukan konsiderasi terhadap contoh perancangan dalam tiga kemungkinan, yaitu: eksplorasi desain untuk rumah kumuh, eksplorasi desain untuk rumah dengan konsep eco-house, dan eksplorasi desain untuk mall/public spaces, yang menunjukkan bahwa produk ini bersifat versatile/dapat diimplementasikan dalam berbagai situasi. Dengan prinsip-prinsip desain yang baik dan etika desain yang baik, kami berharap bahwa proyek kami ini dapat menginspirasi dan diimplementasikan dalam dunia nyata, sehingga dapat berguna bagi kehidupan manusia.

Team :
-Leonardo Widya / Dosen UPH, UMN
-Alfian Zulkarnaen / Dosen UPH
-Michel Sutedja / Dosen Binus
-Noor Wirama / Dosen UPH

(Desember 2012, Magister Desain, Univ. Trisakti).
Dosen Pembimbing: Prof. Drs. Yusuf Affendi D., MA

This article facilitates deeper insight into label-related consumer information acquisition behaviour. An integrated framework of label information search (LIS) has been developed based on a synthesis of related literature and explorative research conducted by analysing online discussions among customers (netnography). The framework focuses on three main groups of personal factors that serve as antecedents of LIS: general personal factors (e.g. health consciousness and socio-demographics), label-related personal factors (e.g. label-related self-efficacy, trust in labels and the perceived usefulness of labels) and product category-related personal factors (trust in food products, enduring involvement, experience and perceived quality differences). Important  characteristics of the framework are its process-oriented nature and the dynamically
changing relationships among its concepts. LIS is an antecedent to and a consequence of influencing factors. This article offers managerial implications and serves to incite future inquiry in this field.

How does technology evolve? The book confronts this question here by developing the theory of technological parasitism, which endeavors to analyze and explain, with a new perspective, the relationships supporting the evolution of complex systems of technology in society.

This study is part of a large body of research on the evolution of technology started in 2016 at Arizona State University (Center for Social Dynamics and Complexity, Tempe AZ, USA), continued at Yale University in 2019 (School of medicine, New Haven CT, USA) and now is ongoing at National Research Council of Italy (Torino, Italy). This book is designed for students, undergraduates, graduates, managers in business and public administration, policymakers that wish to understand: critical characteristics of the evolution of technology, relationships between technologies in complex systems that clarify the driving forces of technical change, properties that explain which technologies are likely to evolve rapidly and, as well as also wish to expand their knowledge on these research fields that could aid management of firms and innovation strategy of nations to implement best practices of product/process design and development for supporting R&D investments, sustaining and safeguarding competitive advantage in markets.

In order to attain a reasonable depth, this book concentrates on critical topics of particular relevance in economics of innovation and technology that meet the needs of the intended audience. The book is divided in four inter-related chapters.

    First of all, the chapter 1 of the book explains the main theories concerning the evolution of technologies, given by a) theories based on processes of competitive substitution of a new technology for the old one in markets; b) theories based on a multi-mode interaction between technologies.
    The chapter 2 of this book proposes a new taxonomy of interactive technologies within a theoretical framework of Generalized Darwinism. This chapter supports the theory of technological parasitism that will be explained in next chapters.
    The chapter 3 explains the evolution of technology with a new theory, called technological parasitism, which is based on the idea that parasite-host relationships between technologies and systems of technology with a high number of technological parasites have an accelerated evolution driven by long-run relationships of mutualistic symbioses. This theory may be useful for bringing a new perspective to explain and generalize, as far as possible, the evolution of technology directed to sustain competitive advantage of firms and nations in markets.
    The final chapter 4 of the book focuses on a model of technometrics based on theory of technological parasitism to measure the speed of technological evolution for supporting implications of innovations strategy and management of technology, as well as to monitor technological pathways during the transition from starting state of parasitic technology to final state of symbiosis that accelerates the technological evolution with a pervasive effect on economic and social change. This suggested model of technometrics, within the technological parasitism, also detects which technologies are likely to evolve rapidly for sustaining best practices of innovation management to safeguard competitive advantage of firms and nations.

Overall, then, no single book could hope to cover adequately all aspects of what is wide and essentially multi-disciplinary field of inquiry, and it is not the intention here to attempt to cover all aspects and topics of the evolution of technology and technological change in society. It is regrettable but inevitable therefore that some topics are excluded or given only limited coverage and it is not possible to meet fully the preferences of all readers. I hope that readers dealing with economics of innovation and technology, and in particular with topics of technological evolution, such as students, managers, policymakers, etc. are able to see this text as a starting point to understand the complex processes, characteristics, properties and relationships of the evolution of technology and technological change in society. Finally, this book’s strengths and weaknesses are the responsibility of author.

Design activity consists, strictly speaking, in synthesizing something new (or arranging existing things in a new way) to satisfy a recognized need. This activity is accomplished through an iterative, knowledge-based, decision-making process. One of the goals pursued by IT applied to product development has been Design Automation that is the execution of all tasks of the design process of a product by a software application. In this context, engineering knowledge elicitation, representation and management are key issues to achieve the so called "right the first time" design. This chapter summarizes author's research in Mechanical Design Automation (MDA) domain during the last two decades; it focuses the evolution from CAD centered applications, to Object-Oriented ones up until the more recent issues related to storing, sharing and reusing of engineering knowledge, the role in PLM approach, the support to decision making. Finally, the fundamental aspects related to development of real MDA applications are discussed, on the basis of personal experiences of the authors.

While several studies have developed theories and models to manage branding activities, the potential contribution of the TRIZ theory to develop a comprehensive brand evaluation system has not been explored yet. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap, by combining the main contents from well-established brand-related models (Keller's brand building stages, brand equity pyramid, brand report card and balanced scorecard) together with the TRIZ principles. The development of this new brand evaluation system is conceptually illustrated, with the support of one example.

This paper introduces the idea of a corporate-guided market. It highlights the seven aspects of corporate-guided markets. As an exemplar, it explains the launch and subsequent development of Diet Coke by Coca Cola Inc. in terms of the seven aspects.

This paper investigates how value innovation occurs in product design by examining a number of case study projects that have resulted in innovative outcomes, in many cases leading to the protection of intellectual property. The paper explores the structuring of project specific design solution space and in particular the identification of key issues found to be cornerstones of the respective innovations. Many researchers have recognised the importance of ‘problem framing’ [1] described by Dorst and Cross [2] as ‘crucial to high level performance in creative design’. In the terrain of the design problem referred to by Schon as the ‘swampy lowlands’ the creative designer tolerates a level of ambiguity [3] in order to create the space for innovation. This ‘fuzzy situation’ [4] is bounded by the cornerstones of the problem solution pairing. Whitehead [5] suggests that this ‘span’ can comprise up to 6 or 7 key issues and that the designer’s choice of issues is key to the value of the potential outcome. The framing of problems using mind-mapping techniques [6] is explored firstly to appreciate the extent of the designer’s solution space and secondly to consider the interrelationships of issues that subsequently proved key to particular innovations.
The paper concludes by offering general observations on the identification and mapping of key factors necessary for successful and distinctive value innovation.

Throughout the history, technical solutions were formed due to necessity of solving specific problem with usage of tools, mechanisms and similar devices. All of the solutions need to satisfy certain requirements so that final product is technologically and economically acceptable and relative to user requirements, at the same time. For that reason, with development of diode technology, LED (Light Emitting Diode) lightning solution imposed as an eligible method for surface lightening. In recent period, it is noticed that LED diodes can triple their light-emitting power. This property is one of the primary reasons that have led to modern light sources which use LED solutions. Main goal of this research is to create high-efficeint LEDlamp that pleases lightning needsof public areas and has better economical features than existing HID (Hight-Intensity Dischare) solutions. Research features basic principles of new product design, along with necessary structural analysis and simulations that give insight of complete design performances and characteristics. Design process considers productivity of assembly elements with available technologies.

The goal of the project is to introduce an innovative idea on how to generate electricity in a very effective and environmentally friendly way.Therefore in this project, we aim to improve a new efficient device called HAPPY2WINDWARD which is going to be environmentally clean and cheaper in contrast to its components.Wind power is the energy obtained from the wind. It is one of the oldest sources of energy used by humans and today is the most seasonal and efficient energy of all renewable energies.Basically Happy2windward is a balloon that lifts a wind turbine. That's the easiest way to describe the technology. Wind turbine manufacturers are competing to build taller turbines to harness more powerful winds above 500 feet, or 150 meters. But this balloon goes higher so that it is easy to reach faster wind speeds to produce electricity.We plan to export to all over the world where is appropriate to implement this technology according to meteorological conditions.

This paper aims to explore the mechanism of involving customers as designers and decision-makers in developing new product. This study describes results from in-depth case studies with three companies: Tokyoflash, Threadless, and LEGO. These firms are pioneers in enabling customers to engage in product design and development as both designers and decision-makers. This study is based on detailed in-depth interviews with senior managers within these firms, as well as interviews with participating customer-designers. A new Customer-Dominated Innovation Process is described, which highlights the critical role played by customer-designers and customer communities and challenges the role played by senior managers in traditional phase-review processes. In addition, the methods and key factors needed to enable this engagement are discussed. This new phenomenon challenges standard models of product development in which internal resources retain authority and expertise.

Design activity consists, strictly speaking, in synthesizing something new (or arranging existing things in a new way) to satisfy a recognized need. This activity is accomplished through an iterative, knowledge-based, decision-making process. One of the goals pursued by IT applied to product development has been Design Automation that is the execution of all tasks of the design process of a product by a software application. In this context, engineering knowledge elicitation, representation and management are key issues to achieve the so called "right the first time" design. This chapter summarizes author's research in Mechanical Design Automation (MDA) domain during the last two decades; it focuses the evolution from CAD centered applications, to Object-Oriented ones up until the more recent issues related to storing, sharing and reusing of engineering knowledge, the role in PLM approach, the support to decision making. Finally, the fundamental aspects related to development of real MDA applications are discussed, on the basis of personal experiences of the authors.

The significance of design thinking is strongly influenced by design work circumstances. But nowadays many research fieldworks use design thinking process to solve problems. Design thinking is an epistemology process to understand how designers think. The knowledge of design thinking will help to develop teaching and learning process and will improve the qualities of educational experience and also enhancing the capabilities to learn for designers. Biomimicry study was highlighted when many solutions have been successfully implemented in various fields of work nowadays. Biomimicry has been formed by two different Greek root words which are 'bios' meant life and 'mimesis 'is imitate. Biomimicry is also known as one of multidisciplinary studies in sustainable development. Thus the significance of inspirations of nature design is becoming the foremost issue nowadays, when a lot of efforts have been researched to find the best way to understand about nature design. This is including a number of terminologies which have been created to classify the nature in the design area. This conceptual paper will involve the analysis of existing design thinking and understanding of basic terminologies in Biomimicry concepts. KJ method analysis is adopted by extracting keywords from literature review and brainstorming process and categorizes those keywords into respective groups to form a new conceptual framework. The practical implication of this concept paper is to determine the significance of design thinking process for Biomimicry concepts and application for design development.

This paper is concerned with models of the innovation process. It takes the perspective that innovation is a non-linear process where development paths emerge from the process of 'imagining' and 'doing', iterating around in evolutionary cycles until a satisfactory innovation emerges. To support this we have developed a model of the innovation process called Creative Innovation Development (CID), which integrates an evolutionary ideation process (an augmented version of science fiction prototyping) with agile development. The paper describes the working of the model and its components. We illustrate the operation of CID by describing how it is being utilised by a start-up company, LivingPattern Technology Inc. Finally, the paper concludes by presenting future directions for our work.

This paper compares and contrasts the lean product development (LPD) and green product development (GPD) concepts through a systematic literature review including 102 journal publications.The review resulted in 14 findings that were organised according to four dimensions: general, process, people and tools/techniques.A number of similarities between the conceptswere found. For example,implementation of both concepts calls for asystems perspective where the dimensions of process-people-tools/techniquesare linked holistically. Differences between the LPD and GPD concepts lie in: their goal and focus, value construct, process structure, performance metrics, and tools/techniques used. The findings do not unambiguously support that “green thinking is thinking lean” and consequently it cannot be argued that LPD and GPD are two sides of the same coin, meaning that LPD automatically leads to greener products or that GPD ensures improvements and efficiency in the product development process. However, it isreasonable to conclude that LPD and GPD belong to the same “currency”. That is, the concepts share a number of similarities that indicate a synergistic relationship. This synergistic relationship has been accentuated by a nine propositions where the potential for cross-field learning is shown.

This paper investigates how value innovation occurs in product design by examining a number of case study projects that have resulted in innovative outcomes, in many cases leading to the protection of intellectual property. The paper explores the structuring of project specific design solution space and in particular the identification of key issues found to be cornerstones of the respective innovations. Many researchers have recognised the importance of 'problem framing' [1] described by Dorst and Cross [2] as 'crucial to high level performance in creative design'. In the terrain of the design problem referred to by Schon as the 'swampy lowlands' the creative designer tolerates a level of ambiguity [3] in order to create the space for innovation. This 'fuzzy situation' [4] is bounded by the cornerstones of the problem solution pairing. Whitehead [5] suggests that this 'span' can comprise up to 6 or 7 key issues and that the designer's choice of issues is key to the value of the potential outcome. The framing of problems using mind-mapping techniques [6] is explored firstly to appreciate the extent of the designer's solution space and secondly to consider the interrelationships of issues that subsequently proved key to particular innovations. The paper concludes by offering general observations on the identification and mapping of key factors necessary for successful and distinctive value innovation.

Abstrak
Era digital ditandai dengan kemajuan perangkat teknologi digital, kehadiran big data, proses digitalisasi, serta penggunaannya secara intensif dan masif. Digitalisasi mampu menghemat waktu, menghilangkan batas-batas alamiah, mengintegrasikan ruang dan waktu pada satu momen yang sama dan pada akhirnya merubah peradaban, memudahkan kehidupan, dan mensejahterakan manusia. Penyelenggaraan urusan pemerintahan daerah menuntut kemampuan pemerintah daerah (pemerintah daerah) beradaptasi, mengakselerasi, dan menjamin kualitas layanan sesuai ritme dan peradaban era digital. Merespon dinamika ini, pemerintah daerah diberi kewenangan unsur penunjang urusan pemerintahan di bidang penelitian dan pengembangan. Idealnya, penelitian dan pengembangan dilakukan oleh perangkat daerah yang mandiri dan terfokus mengelola aktivitas kelitbangan. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah (BPPD) selaku think tank memiliki peran strategis menyelenggarakan urusan pemerintahan daerah termasuk pembinaan dan pengawasan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah melalui fungsi penelitian dan pengembangan. Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis eksistensi institusi think tank pemerintah daerah di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif-deskriptif dengan fokus studi Balitbangda Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Hasil analisis dan pembahasan menyimpulkan bahwa institusi kelitbangan (BPPD) di Kalimantan Selatan memiliki peran strategis dengan multi fungsi selaku think tank dan supervisor dalam rangka pembinaan dan pengawasan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah melalui fungsi penelitian dan pengembangan. Direkomendasikan kepada pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota agar membentuk institusi penelitian dan pengembangan yang bersifat mandiri.
Kata Kunci: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah, Think Tanks, Akselerator Perubahan Peradaban, dan Era Digital.
Abstract
The digital era is commonly marked by the advancement of digital technology devices, the presence of big data, the digitization process, and its intensive and massive use. Digitalization saves time, eliminate natural boundaries, integrate space and time at once and ultimately change civilization, facilitate life into prosperity. The implementation of regional government affairs requires the ability of local governments to adapt, accelerate, and ensure the quality of services in accordance with the rhythms and civilizations of the digital era. As a respond to this dynamic, the regional government is given the authority to support government affairs in the field of research and development. Ideally, research and development are carried out by regional instruments that are independent and focused in managing research and development. The Regional Research and Development Agency (BPPD) as a think tank institution that has a strategic role in carrying out regional government affairs including fostering and supervising the implementation of regional government through the function of research and development. This study seeks to uncover the existence of local government think tanks function in the Province of South Kalimantan. The method used is qualitative-descriptive with a focus on the BPPD study in South Kalimantan Province. The results of the analysis and discussion concluded that the South Kalimantan Provincial Research and Development Agency (BPPD) has a multifunctional strategic role as a think tank institution and supervisor in order to foster and supervise the implementation of regional government through research and development functions. It is recommended that the district/city government form independent research and development institutions.
Keywords: Regional Research and Development Agency, Think Tanks, Civilitation Changed Acceleration, and Digital Era.

The paper presents the development of a new sustainable approach in additive manufacturing adapted on a Numerical Control (NC) machining. Wood has several advantages that are transferable to various derivatives allowing the introduction of sustainable material into the product lifecycle. The application involves the integration of wood pulp into rapid prototyping solutions. Wood is the main material studied for its ecological aspect. The primary goal was to create reconstituted wood objects through a rapid manufacturing. Additive manufacturing technology is most commonly used for modeling, prototyping, tooling through an exclusive machine or 3D printer. An overall review and an analysis of technologies show that the additive manufacturing presents some little independent solutions [9] [12]. The problem studied especially the additive manufacturing limits to produce an ecological product with materials from biomass. The study developed a 3d printing head as solution for shaping wood pulp or powder materials. Some technological problematic require enslavement to the NC controller, the programming building of model, and the realization of wood pulp. This work also presents a wood pulping process characterized by adding wood flour and starch. A machine implementation and some application examples used for its development are presented.

http://www.ijera.com/papers/Vol4_issue12/Part%20-%206/S041206123131.pdf

Business growth and job creation are among the priority concerns of the government in India. The country today has the largest number of working-age people in the world, and it is expected to remain so for the next one and a half decades. The Indian economy offers a unique scenario. The majority of its industries comprise of micro, small and medium enterprises, MSMEs and are spread across the country. Its service sector is today the backbone of the economy and offers huge potential for growth and creation of jobs in the country. And it is expected that India will remain largely a rural country during the next decade. Industrial designer's creative problem-solving approach coupled with technical expertise will help these industries improve their existing products, processes, and productivity, with a minimum of investment and resource allocations. Her user-centric approach would help the industries align their offerings with the contemporary market demands and expectations. Thus improving their manufacturing competitiveness, the design will help these MSMEs move up in value chain, from OEM to ODM. With her ability to take a holistic view designer would help the country's service sector improve its complex systems and services to create cohesive experiences. She would facilitate and coordinate various efforts and expertise to develop tomorrow's smart products, services, and systems. For the next decade, the industrial design would be crucial for the Indian industries to transit into the Industry 4.0 era and the digital and experience economies of tomorrow. The industrial design would thus be a critical component of the strategies for economic reforms in India.

The ever evolving range of user centric technology promises new and exciting applications which will permeate society and change the very nature of our social interaction. The increasing demand of collating our physical and digital lives is putting pressure on companies to come up with innovative products. Companies have to plan far ahead into the future, despite lacking the technological infrastructure. In this paper we describe the goal of a research project that, together with Intel, is investigating tools and methodologies which would allow companies to plan into the future by building online virtual prototypes. Real users, from different domains, would use these virtual prototypes to test different aspects and attributes of these potential products to provide relevant user-experience feedback. The feedback would be recorded in an automated and intelligent manner to improve the design. Developing prototypes in such mixed reality environments would enable the involvement of end users from early on. We believe such an approach would allow for better design innovation by providing mechanisms for collaborative research and development across distributed geographical locations. This short work-in-progress-paper will describe the concepts underpinning this research direction.