HISTORY OF CRIME AND LAW

The book deals with the relations between anger, emotions and trial rites in sixteenth century. After a general introduction on the values of emotions, justice and anger the book presents the story of Marcantonio Trissino, the grandson of Giangiorgio Trissino, the famous man of letters and humanist. In the year 1583 Marcantonio, abruptily and amazingly, killed Giulio Cesare Trissino outside Vicenza's dome while he was surrounded and protected by numerous friends and followers. Giulio Cesare Trissino was suspected by the public opinion being the mandant of Ciro Trissino's murder, the father of Marcantonio, killed in february 1576 in his palladian villa located in Cornedo, a Vicentine village, by a group of goons, masked and dressed in black suits. During the trial instructed in Padua by appointment of the Counsel of ten, Marcantonio Trissino defended his violent behavior advocating that his mind was run over by anger and furor. The trial rhetoric vehicles the great themes of vendetta and honor and introduce to the tensions between retributive and restorative justice. The second part of the book presents some of the documents which availed to the lawyers for preparing Marcantonio Trissino's defence.

There are many histories of the police as a law-enforcement institution, but no genealogy of the police as a form of power. This book provides a genealogy of the modern police by tracing the evolution of ‘police science’ and of police institutions in Europe, from the ancien régime to the early 19th century. Drawing on the theoretical path outlined by Michel Foucault at the crossroads between historical sociology, critical legal theory and critical criminology, it shows how the development of police power was an integral part of the birth of the modern state’s governmental rationalities and how police institutions were conceived as political technologies for the government and social disciplining of populations. Understanding modern police not as an institution at the service of the judiciary and the law, but as a complex political technology for governing the economic and social processes typical of modern capitalist societies, this book shows how the police have played an active role in actually shaping order, rather than merely preserving it.

The essay deals with the judicial activity of a criminal court of the Regno Lombardo-Veneto in the firs half of nineteenth century. It is particularly analysed the legal reasoning of the judges in front of crimes which were submitted to their jurisdiction. Their discussions were about the codex foresight, but also of clues and evidences.

ABSTRACT: This video re-enactment draws upon preserved late Dynasty 20 papyri and other data regarding robberies of royal tombs in the West Bank of Thebes and the Valley of the Kings, including official accusations of corruption within all levels of society from the pharaoh’s tomb builders (at Deir el-Medina), to other towns persons, the police, officials, priests, and even the mayor of West Thebes.  This documentary response sheet contains a series of sequential questions drawn from the video, TLC: Ancient Egyptians, episode 2: Tomb Robbers (shown in-class; also available online via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kAqXqsXcTds [50 minutes]).  These sequential questions aim to maximize both student attention to various pertinent points made throughout the documentary and greater retention of the materials covered by the documentary.  In addition, the documentary has been vetted for overall content accuracy (albeit updated and/or corrected in-class), and selected to provide supplementary visual aids (e.g., images of regions, sites, finds, and other materials; re-enactments), and other data to aid in student comprehension of the course lectures and readings from the textbooks. REVISED: Adding time marker for each question, plus value for reflection question (March 2017).

(The Georgian Underworld: Criminal Subcultures in Eighteenth-Century England; Chapter 16) One of the most interesting subjects in the history of sexuality is the sudden appearance, three hundred years ago, of a well organized gay subculture in the city of London. This was patronized by homosexual men who used gay slang, who frequented gay cruising areas, and who engaged in camp or effeminate behaviour amongst themselves. Even from the very beginning of the century, sodomites frequented a network of gay pubs, where they socialized with one another, singing and dancing together, and otherwise behaving in a disorderly fashion. The legal records cover a wide range of circumstantial details beyond sexual activity, and often give us an interesting glimpse into the social life of the sodomite.

This most recent edition of the bibliography contains almost 21,200 titles in English (64%) and French (36%), with an introductory section on historiography. It deals with every aspect of Italian history and culture from the Late Renaissance to the French Revolution.

In the mid-1990s, as public trust in big government was near an all-time low, 80% of Americans told Gallup that they supported the death penalty. Why did people who didn’t trust government to regulate the economy or provide daily services nonetheless believe that it should have the power to put its citizens to death?

That question is at the heart of Executing Freedom, a powerful, wide-ranging examination of the place of the death penalty in American culture and how it has changed over the years. Drawing on an array of sources, including congressional hearings and campaign speeches, true crime classics like In Cold Blood, and films like Dead Man Walking, Daniel LaChance shows how attitudes toward the death penalty have reflected broader shifts in Americans’ thinking about the relationship between the individual and the state. Emerging from the height of 1970s disillusion, the simplicity and moral power of the death penalty became a potent symbol for many Americans of what government could do—and LaChance argues, fascinatingly, that it’s the very failure of capital punishment to live up to that mythology that could prove its eventual undoing in the United States.

The paper deals with the conflicts between groups of young unmarried peasants  of some villages of Veneto in the first half of nineteenth century. Several criminal trials instructed from the local courts concerned homicides or wounds which originated from the amorous rivalries between young unmarried men of bordering villages or hamlets.

Lo studio della giustizia criminale ha conosciuto nel corso degli ultimi decenni una sensibile revisione sotto i profili dell’oggetto della ricerca e della selezione delle fonti . Il campo d’indagine si è infatti spostato dalle istituzioni giudiziarie ufficiali al ruolo pubblico della giustizia penale, intesa come funzione, permettendo così di cogliere la pluralità di metodi e di sedi di risoluzione delle controversie . Per quanto concerne l’età moderna, uno dei fenomeni criminali più studiati è indubbiamente il banditismo, che tra la fine del Rinascimento e il XVIII° secolo interessò l’Italia e l’Europa con periodici picchi di violenze diffuse. Il persistente operare delle bande sul territorio condusse molti Stati a creare organi giudiziari capaci di agire rapidamente e con minori formalità legali contro la criminalità organizzata. Questo saggio vuole illustrare sinteticamente la politica di repressione del banditismo intrapresa dalla Repubblica di Genova tra Cinque e Settecento. In particolare s’intende far luce sul funzionamento della Giunta contro banditi, organo poco studiato al quale fu affidata la gestione dell’ordine pubblico statale, descrivendone gli antecedenti istituzionali e linee d’azione giudiziaria e amministrativa.

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar la interacción entre la policía y la sociedad urbana en la capital mexicana durante la década de 1920. Para ello fueron analizados escenarios y prácticas cotidianas que documentan el rechazo, abuso o negociación de la autoridad policial durante la reconstrucción del mando posrevolucionario. De esto resulta que además de las reglas formales, la relación estaba influida por normas ilegales que sistematizaron cuotas, extorsiones e intercambio de favores o dádivas dentro de la institución policial.

One of the most prominent intellectuals of his generation, jurist Pamphilo de Assumpção played different roles in cultural and political life of the capital of Paraná during the First Republic. In this essay we will deal with a part of his production as a lawyer and jurist following his thoughts concerning the problem of crime and criminality in Curitiba and his considerations about the Positive Law and the new attributions of the legal and criminal institutions. The intention is to apprehend the production of these speeches at two moments: in the articles of the press, the effort of presenting an ideal model of prison, consistent with the growth of the capital and the advances of the Positivistic Law and Criminology, still in the dawn of the 20th century; in the opinion of the Penitentiary Council, where he was an effective member, the goal is to follow, some years later, the interventions of Assumpcão in another institutional context and time: this was not to propose models anymore, but to manage a system that, back then, had already been showing its first signs of deterioration.

The present article analyses the relationship between the language of punishment and the public space in Dubrovnik from the Middle Ages until the beginning of the XIX century. It overviews justice sites and tries to understand their function in civic life. It is remarkable how criminal rituals adapted to the urban setting already at the beginning of the XV century, increasingly referring to the symbolic meaning of the places where they are carried out. In the following century the long process for the settlement of the punitive rituals and for the reduction of the stages of justice began. With these changes as a background, the birth of the modern state can be discerned, a state that aims at building a global image of power.

El perdón real en Castilla a fines de la Edad Media. El ejemplo de la Cornisa Cantábrica  Los monarcas bajomedievales tuvieron, entre las prerrogativas esenciales derivadas de la configuración de su poder real, la capacidad de perdonar los delitos cometidos por sus súbditos. Siempre y cuando se diesen una serie de condiciones, podían llevar a cabo la remisión de las penas y la restitución de los atributos personales del delincuente al estado en que estaban antes de haber cometido el delito.  En este libro se analiza este perdón real desde varios enfoques. Por un lado se toma en consideración la legislación al respecto, para posteriormente analizar el proceso de tramitación de las solicitudes en la Castilla bajomedieval. Su estudio permite, además, realizar una aproximación de cierta entidad al análisis del delito en la época, especialmente de aquellos casos más graves, que fueron los que merecieron con mayor frecuencia la obtención de la gracia regia. Además del análisis de variables cuantitativas y cualitativas referidas al conjunto del reino, se incluye en el libro un estudio de caso dedicado a la cornisa cantábrica.  Por último, completa la edición la transcripción de más de sesenta documentos que recogen todas las fases del procedimiento y algunos actos jurídicos que se daban al margen, con la intención de poseer los requisitos previos con los que poder alcanzar el perdón regio.

Az 1930-as évek elején, az Alföldön egy családi perpatvar alkalmával az intézkedő csendőrök olyan fe-nyegetésekről értesültek, ami miatt eljárást indítottak egy tíz évvel korábban történt öngyilkosság ügyében. Kiderült, hogy az első világháború után egy magát Pipás Pistának nevező, férfiként élő nő akasztott fel olyan férfiakat, akiktől saját családjuk kívánt megszabadulni. E bűnügyek révén arra keressük a választ, hogy a bűnnek van-e emlékezete, és amennyiben van, ez pontosan miben érhető tetten. Többféle – társadalmi, kulturális és kriminológiai – szempont figyelembevételével készült vizsgálatunk arra hívja föl a figyelmet, hogy Pipás egye-disége ellenére az ügy sok szempontból jól illusztrálja a korabeli női szerepváltozásokat is, amelyek során a nők nem csak azt sajátíthatták el, hogyan birkózzanak meg a férfiak relatív hiányával, de adott esetben át is vehet-ték a maszkulin szerepeket. A tanulmány az eredeti bűnügyi iratok, valamint korábbi interpretációk – köztük elsősorban Szabó László, egykori bűnügyi újságíró és Ember Judit, dokumentumfilm-rendező megközelítései – alapján a Pipáshoz kötődő gyilkosságsorozat emlékezetének felfejtésével a bűnemlékezet feltárásához kíván hozzájárulni.
By exploring the case of Pista Pipás, a female criminal who, after taking up a male identity, murdered a number of men by hanging them in the Hungarian countryside during the 1920s, this study examines the question whether there is a memory of crime, and if so how it could be accurately reconstructed. By analysing the social, cultural and criminological contexts of the case, this study argues that its uniqueness notwithstanding, the Pipás affair in many ways better epitomized the changes female criminality underwent in the wake of the war during which women not only learned to cope with the relative absence of men, but were also often compelled to take over roles that were previously considered to be exclusively masculine. This text seeks to reveal the different levels of the memory of crime on the basis of criminal records, and other accounts, including the interpretations of László Szabó, a former journalist and Judit Ember, a documentary film maker.

S'appuyant sur le dépouillement de nombreuses archives, l'ouvrage présente l'histoire de l'application de la peine de mort par les cours d'assises en France métropolitaine. Partant des pulsions punitives présentes dans l'opinion publique, il montre comment les enquêtes judiciaires « construisent » des affaires où la peine de mort est encourue, et les tensions à l'oeuvre dans les procès. La part de la peine de mort dans la répression criminelle, l'évolution du rythme des condamnations, les profils des condamnés à mort sont successivement examinés. Le processus gracieux, qui permet de sauver la tête d'une majorité de condamnés à mort, est étudié dans son fonctionnement et ses variations. La détention de ces condamnés particuliers soulève de nombreuses difficultés, entre souci d'humanité et impératif de sécurité. Le propos s'attache à retracer l'expérience de la préparation à la mort, avant d'aborder les différentes dimensions de l'exécution par guillotine. Une place est aussi accordée à la destinée des condamnés graciés et leur éventuelle réinsertion.

A gazdasági világválság idején, a biatorbágyi vasúti viadukt felrobbantását követően, a trianoni Magyarország határszélén különös gyilkosságokra derült fény. Egy családi perpatvar alkalmával az intézkedő csendőrök olyan fenyegetésekről értesültek, amelyek miatt eljárást indítottak egy tíz évvel korábbi-látszólagos öngyilkosság-ügyében. Kiderült, hogy egy férfiruhába öltöző és annak megfelelően is élő nő (aki Pipás Pistának nevezte magát) akasztott fel olyan férfiakat, akiktől a saját családja kívánt megszabadulni. break Az esetből azonnal botrány kerekedett, feltehetően ennek is köszönhetően fejezték be a nyomozati szakaszt két gyilkosságra vonatkozó vádemelés után. A gyanúsított egy Fődi Viktória néven született nő volt, aki fiatalon pásztormunkákat végzett, majd hat gyerek megszülése után elhagyta idős férjét, hogy olyan identitásváltáson essen át, amely példátlannak számított saját környezete és a korabeli médianyilvánosság számára. Kép forrása: Az Est Az ettől kezdve Pipás Pistaként emlegetett "férfi" többszörösen volt " határsértő " a normák szempontjából. A férfinapszám mellett a trianoni határon elkövetett illegális csempészet jövedelmező állásnak

The articles deals with the research in the field of the everyday history of the Renaissance urban community and the communication of the unequal actors, ( which are unequal thanks to social or gender status and ad hoc) interpreting the different roles of the inquisitors, accused victims and witnesses. The author of the article has studied the materials of the accusations in the witchcraft, taken place in Renaissance Venice in the 16 c (1550-80).

The witches had used the different ways to defend themselves: 1)trying to avoid the contacts with the power and to escape from interrogation 2) recognizing partly the accusations and to deny the most serious part of the accuses. 3) collaborating actively with the inquisitors and giving up, supplying more information that it was actually asked and submitting the material for the future accuses of the other persons.
Looking from this perspective of the study of the communications, the “crime” and the “punishment” could be seen as  the systems of the interaction of unequal actors with the different discourses.
  В данном исследовании фокусируется проблема особенностей коммуникации заведомо неравных сторон: неравных по социальному статусу, или же по гендерному параметру, а также  противопоставленных ситуативно, т.е., исполняющих роли обвинителей (дознавателей) и обвиняемых (или свидетелей, но, возможно, одновременно и подозреваемых).   
        Процессы и разбирательства, которые нас интересуют,  шли с середины 16в по 80-е гг. того же века в Венеции, одном из самых примечательных центров городской культуры эпохи.
Историография ведовских инквизиционных процессов обширна, но, безусловно, наиболее острым и наименее изученным аспектом является именно выяснение того, как функционирует принцип inquisitio, как осуществляется коммуникация, как вообще может строиться диалог и некоторое взаимное понимание следователя и подследственного в такой стрессовой ситуации дознания?
Диалог неравных, происходивший в области правового поля дознания, был многосоставным, сложным, но, все же ни один, самый низший по статусу заявленный участник этого диалога, не терял своего голоса и лица. Пространство диалога неравных, т.о. нередко выстраивалось вокруг особого центра – самого низшего в иерархии участника и ответчика. С другой стороны, в исторических реалиях жизни эпохи маленький человек, возжелавший поделиться своими умениями и знаниями был принят высшими, тот же низший мог свидетельствовать против высших или же поставлять материал, на основе которых принимались решения и выносились вердикты обвинителями.
Тактики защиты при схожести обвинения могли быть разными: от прямого физического уклонения от встречи с дознавателями, или хотя бы отрицания наиболее тяжкой и трудно доказуемой вины, до полного сотрудничества со следствием, саморазоблачения и доноса на ближних и товарок.
Истории, правовые казусы относительно ведьм и знахарок Венеции  интересны помимо прочего тем, что показывают особые возможности построения поля коммуникативных связей, пространство  диалога, многоголосия и общения неравных. Это происходит и в момент обращения к ведунье и знахарке достаточно низкого и смутного происхождения и статуса особ разного положения, в т.ч. знатных и влиятельных. Подобное же отмечается и при расследовании казусов через призму правововых методов. Преступление и наказание здесь как бы два зеркальных мира, имеющих нечто общее – возможность и необходимость осуществления коммуникации, невзирая на различие статусов и дискурсов.

En esta tesis analizo, en perspectiva comparada, el proceso de especialización en la práctica del robo desarrollado por algunos ladrones en Santiago de Chile y la ciudad de México, en el período que transcurre entre los últimos años del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del XX. Tal proceso se expresó en la sofisticación de las técnicas de perpetración de los delitos contra la propiedad, en cierto conocimiento judicial específico a su quehacer ilegal, en la consideración que hicieron del robo como una ocupación y un estilo de vida y, finalmente, en la extensión de redes sociales que incorporaron a compradores de artículos robados, abogados dispuestos a defender a ladrones habituales, prostitutas y otros sujetos que transgredieron las leyes penales y las normas morales de la época. De este modo, ciertos hombres y mujeres recorrieron sus trayectorias de vida entre detenciones y golpes de habilidad hasta convertirse en “ladrones de oficio”.

France’s decision to introduce penal transportation in 1854 at precisely the moment that Britain was winding it back is a striking and curious fact of history. While the Australian experiment of penal colonization was not considered a model for direct imitation, it did nonetheless provide a foundational reference point for France and indeed other European powers well after its demise, serving as a yardstick (whether positive or negative) for subsequent discussions about the utility of transportation as a method of controlling crime. The ultimate fate of the Australian experiment raised questions in later decades about the utility, sustainability and primary purpose of penal transportation. Drawing on the records of both French and international penal reform organizations, this paper reflects on the legacy that the British experiment was seen to provide in the decades after convict transportation to Australia ended, while French transportation took off. In so doing, it casts light onto the expectations of and rationale for penal colonization held by its practitioners—past, present, and aspiring. Even if penologists saw penal transportation as serving some useful role in tackling crime, the experience of the British in Australia seemed to indicate the strictly limited practicability of the method in terms of controlling crime. Far from a self-sustaining system, penal colonization was premised on an inherent and insurmountable contradiction; namely, that the realization of the colonizing side of the project depended on the eradication of its penal aspect.

In quest'opera, l'autore si pone l'obiettivo di unificare i suoi due studi precedenti sull'evoluzione della mafia in Sicilia (Storia della mafia, Roma, Donzelli, 1993) e negli Stati Uniti (Quando la mafia trovò l'America, Torino, Einaudi, 2008). La narrazione storica comincia durante i decenni immediatamente precedenti l'Unità d'Italia, quando la mafia si configurò quasi come una setta segreta meridionale finalizzata al sovvertimento delle istituzioni borboniche in Sicilia e come supporto all'ideologia liberale di stampo repubblicano.

Аннотация. Целью статьи является намерение выяснить историю нападений на посольские миссии, изучив те практики, с помощью которых государства пытались урегулировать такие происшествия. В основу исследования положены посольские документы, как опубликованные, так и хранящиеся в Российском государственном архиве древних актов. В ходе работы удалось выявить, что «поле», исполь зо вав-шее ся русскими дипломатами, имело вполне конкретное значение-как террито-рия в пространстве Великой Степи, находящаяся вне всякой юрисдикции. Именно здесь формировались многонациональные «вольные сообщества», промышлявшие охотой на посольские миссии, которые, как правило, сопровождались купеческими караванами. Эти нападения приводили к дипломатическим конфликтам. Постра-давшие стороны требовали правосудия, но осуществить его в реальности было затруднительно. В итоге «великие державы» избрали практику осуществления принуждения к праву лишь тех участников нападений, которые оказывались в зоне действия их юрисдикции. С другой стороны, сами правительства были заинтере-сованы в функционировании казачества, т.к. оно позволяло решать ряд государ-ственных задач достаточно дешево и безопасно для государственных интересов. Ключевые слова: казачество, вольные сообщества, Азов, дипломатические мис-сии, дипломатическая переписка, криминал, послы. Моисеев Максим Владимирович, кандидат исторических наук, зав. сектором отдела «Музей археологии Москвы», ГБУК г. Москвы «Музейное объединение «Музей Москвы», 119021, Россия, Москва, Зубовский бульвар, д. 2; старший научный сотрудник НОЦ «Наследие» Новосибирского государственного университета, 630090, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, д. 2, [email protected].

Köszöntő (Kántor Balázs) 7 KÁDAS ISTVÁN: Szolgabírói társadalom Sáros megyében a 15. század elején 9 PÓKA ÁGNES: Adalékok a Batthyány-familiárisok műveltségének vizsgálatához Batthyány I. Ádám idejében (1633-1659) 35 MIHALIK BÉLA VILMOS: Paráznák, boszorkányok, házasságtörők a 17. század végi Felső-Magyarországon 51 OGOLJUK-BERZSENYI ANETT: Somssich-címerek Somogy vármegyében 59 NÉGYESI BARBARA: Szemelvények a Magyar királyi Bakteriológiai Intézet történetéből (1892-1914) 77 KÁNTOR BALÁZS: A Rimamurány-Salgótarjáni Vasmű bányáinak kálváriája 95 VEZSENYI PÉTER: Az egyházi vagyon likvidálása Esztergom városban és az esztergomi járásban 1919-ben 105 KATKÓ MÁRTON ÁRON: Egy irathamisítás az Országos Levéltárban. Adalék az 1939: IV. tc. állampolgársági rendezéséhez 131 FÓRIS ÁKOS: Eljárások a magyar katonák által a Szovjetunió területén elkövetett háborús bűntettek ügyében -esettanulmány. Takács Gyula és társainak ügye 135 DUROVICS ALEX: A magyarországi tanácsrendszer létrejötte és az első tanácstörvény 159 JUHÁSZ RÉKA: A Hajdú-Bihar megyei tanácstestület társadalmi összetétele 1950-1983 között 177 Illusztrációk és táblázatok 193 MIHALIK BÉLA VILMOS

ed. in cooperation with D.E.H. de Boer & R.I.A. Nip.


Het Noorden in het Midden is een huldebundel voor de mediëvist dr. F.J. Bakker, aangeboden bij gelegenheid van zijn afscheid van de Groninger Universiteit. Zeventien bijdragen over de geschiedenis van Stad en Lande en van aanpalende gewesten (Friesland, Drenthe, Ostfriesland) telt deze bundel. Ze handelen over een heel scala van onderwerpen. Een tiental bijdragen heeft betrekking op onderwerpen uit politiek, bestuur, recht, economie en samenleving en zeven gaan over kerk en cultuur in de periode vanaf omstreeks 1200 tot 1800. Onder de laatste een archeologisch en twee codicologische artikelen. Tezamen vormen ze een geheel dat is geschreven door vakgenoten, maar zeker niet alleen voor vakgenoten bestemd is.

La Filosofia del diritto di Gustav Radbruch è l’opera maggiore del filosofo del diritto tedesco più noto e influente del secolo scorso. Si può senz’altro affermare che essa, qui presentata per la prima volta in lingua italiana, nell’edizione del 1932, l’ultima da lui curata, costituisce insieme alla Dottrina pura del diritto di Kelsen e a Il concetto di diritto di Hart il trittico dei grandi classici della disciplina. Nella sua poliedricità, l’opera è peraltro in grado di suscitare interesse non solo nei filosofi del diritto, ma anche nei giuristi e negli uomini di cultura in generale. Innanzitutto, per lo stile elegante e icastico, esaltato dalla non comune inclinazione a riflettere sui problemi del diritto in costante dialogo con i giganti della filosofia (Seneca, Pascal, Kant, Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, Windelband, Rickert, Weber), del pensiero religioso (Silesio, Lutero) e della letteratura (Dante, Shakespeare, Goethe¸ Schiller, Dostoevskij, Tolstoj). In secondo luogo, perché costituisce la base necessaria per comprendere la celeberrima “Formula di Radbruch”, che identifica nella giustizia la ratio essendi del diritto ed è stata utilizzata dai Tribunali tedeschi nel secondo dopoguerra e dopo la caduta del Muro di Berlino per giudicare le atrocità commesse sotto i regimi abbattuti. Infine, perché il relativismo virtuoso che ispira la Filosofia del diritto rivela una spiccata affinità con l’impronta neocostituzionalistica di numerosi ordinamenti contemporanei, tanto da conservare intatta ancora oggi la propria attualità.

Účelem tohoto příspěvku je podat základní přehled právní úpravy sexuálních trestných činů a jejich stíhání v nacistickém Německu v letech 1933-1945. Nacisté právě v této oblasti provedli několik významných změn a zostřili represi trestných činů sexuální povahy a zavedli dokonce některé nové skutkové podstaty. Předložený příspěvek pojednává nejprve o základní charakteristice nacistického trestního práva, aby čtenář pochopil, na jakých principech bylo vůbec založeno. Poté je věnována pozornost jednotlivým skutkovým podstatám sexuálních trestných činů zakotvených v německém trestním zákoníku z roku 1871. Podrobně příspěvek pojednává o nově zavedeném trestném činu „prznění rasy“, který byl stíhán dle zákona na ochranu německé krve a německé cti z roku 1935. Protože se předním nacistům nezdálo trestní právo dostatečně „tvrdé“ a efektivní v boji se zločinností, tak se ve třicátých letech minulého století začala připravovat velká trestněprávní reforma. Výrazně zpřísněno mělo být i postihování sexuálních deliktů, k čemuž však již vzhledem k dalším událostem nikdy nedošlo.

The purpose of this chapter is to give a basic overview of regulation of sexual crime and its prosecution in Nazi Germany in the years 1933-1945. Nazis in this area have made some significant changes and sharpen the repression of crimes of a sexual nature and have even introduced some new facts. This chapter first discusses the basic characteristics of a Nazi criminal law so that the reader would understand the principles of its basis. Then, attention is paid to the individual facts of sex crime embeded in the German Criminal Code of 1871. The chapter discusses in detail the newly introduced crime offense "defiling race", which was prosecuted under the Act on the Protection of German Blood and German Honor from 1935. As the leading Nazis did not feel the criminal law "hard" enough and effective in the fight against crime, in the 30’s of the last century a preparation of large crime law reform started. It should be considerably more strict prosecution of sexual offenses, which didn’t come into action due to other events and development.
Vytisknout

This edited collection of 9 articles plus an introductions covers a series of distinct legal historical topics including Irish Whig Ideology in early Upper Canada, Policing and Moral Entrepreneurship in England and Australia, the judiciary in the Canadian Northwest Territories, women and the criminal law, women and the legal profession, religious enthusiasm and the law in Oregon, and police culture in the British Columbia Provincial Police. These essays were brought together to acknowledge the influence and contributions to legal history made by Dr. Louis A. Knafla, formerly of the University of Calgary.