Environmental Ergonomics

Buku ENBORA: Teknik Penilaian Risiko Ergonomik di Tempat Kerja (Penerbit UTHM) Tahun 2019

Teknik ENBORA adalah alat atau kaedah penilaian risiko ergonomik yang mudah dan praktikal digunakan di tempat kerja serta memberi penanda aras tahap risiko dan tindakan yang perlu diambil berkaitan dengan aktiviti atau tugasan di tempat kerja

Jika berminat untuk tempahan buku, boleh layari laman web http://e-bookstore.uthm.edu.my/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=349 atau hubungi En Mohd Razif di talian 07453 8698 (Penerbit UTHM)

RM48 senaskah (berwarna) tidak termasuk kos penghantaran

Currently, computerized work is present in virtually all sectors of society, but how it is done varies according to the tasks to be performed. A furniture inappropriate to the needs of the tasks and the continued use of the computer can cause many problems to the user's health, which has already been noted in recent years with the servers of the Judiciary System. This Final Paper I in Product Design of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) consists in a research about characteristics of the work developed in the ambit of Judiciary System, environment where it occurs and the relation of the users with the current furniture. The research aims to identify and define the main requirements of the work and furniture for project of the new corporate furniture focused on the needs of the Judiciary.

A manufacturing work system should be designed by attempting not only to maximize worker productivity, but also to improve worker satisfaction and minimize safety hazards. It is possible to achieve such a desirable goal through proper application of ergonomics principles to provide a comfortable, safe, and pleasant working area for their employees. It automatically results in producing high quality user-friendly products and also continuous improvement in productivity. One of the major key areas of ergonomics that need attention is environmental ergonomics, in particular industrial noise as an unwanted or damaging sound, in order to provide better working environment. The proposed work focus on the significant aspects of industrial noise and presents a review of the causes and effects of noise, especially on human performance and productivity. A survey is carried out in this regard and also a research plan to develop a computer assisted ergonomics system to enhance the application of ergonomics principles in manufacturing industries is highlighted.

O objetivo da investigação é verificar os erros ergonómicos que os trabalhadores em teletrabalho cometem, assim como realçar a relevância da ergonomia e contribuir para a sua consciencialização. Foi realizado um questionário para a AET (análise ergonómica do trabalho) para o Teletrabalho e foi aplicado ao posto de trabalho de um assalariado em teletrabalho. Verificou-se quais eram os maiores erros ergonómicos do mesmo e corrigiram-se.

In health or hospital facilities is of great concern. The facilities and amenities such as a bed infusion device either in the inpatient or outpatient in space. In this study, infusion devices is the focus of t follow the concept of ergonomics design tool. looking for a more practical both in use and in storage, because these things will greatly ease t burden on the user to use it accord determined by the success in designing and developing products that conform to the desires of consumers and the speed of the industry to adapt / respond to c pole is one of the medical devices that are used to enter into the patient's body fluids. This research aims to design and develop Column Infusion ergonomic backpack shape according to the patient's needs. Design using width, abdominal circle and circle data. Anthropometry patient data retrieval to design a portable pole conducted at Hospital Budi Kemuliaan by taking 50 patient data on anthropometri accordance with the design of the pole. Based on the data processing takes into account the patient's body anthropometry it creates a portable infusion bag with size according to the patient data obtained , the considerable standard deviation , m width of 33.96 cm bag, circle bag fastener width of 84.3 cm and a bag in a chest binder of 27.84 cm. Portable infusion backpack designed to match the needs of people who are following the design model of the human body measurements (patients without assistance from other parties and reduce the occurrence of infusion pole fallen or falling, when the patient walks.

ABSTRAK Energi listrik merupakan salah satu kebutuhan hidup yang paling penting bagi umat manusia. Tanpa adanya energi listrik, berbagai aktivitas manusia tidak dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar. Namun konsumsi energi listrik secara berlebihan akan membawa dampak negatif. Karena itu pemanfaatan energi listrik harus dilakukan secara hemat dan efisien. Untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan energi listrik untuk pencahayaand i suatu bangunan gedung dapat dilakukan audit energi listrik khusus untuk pencahayaan pada bangunan gedung tersebut. Audit energi terdiri dari beberapa tahap. Mulai dari pengukuran intensitas pencahayaan, perhitungan intensitas kebutuhan energi listrik (IKE) serta analisa mengenai peluang hemat energi. Kata kunci: audit energi, energi listrik Pendahuluan Saat ini manusia tidak bisa lepas dari ketergantungan terhadap energi listrik. Dapat dikatakan bahwa kebutuhan energi listrik sekarang ini tidak sebanding dengan tingkat kebutuhan dan keinginan manusia. Hal ini disebabkan jumlah pasokan energi listrik sangat terbatas, sehingga dalam penggunaan energi listrik diperlukan kebijakan setiap pihak. Pemanfaatan energi listrik harus dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk efisiensi dan tepat guna. Perpustakaan Pusat Universitas Sebelas Maret terdiri dari dua lantai, dimana lantai satu terdiri dari lima ruangan yaitu ruang baca sirkulasi, ruang koleksi buku, ruang majalah, dan ruang SAT. Lantai dua terdiri dari 5 ruangan yaitu ruang skripsi, ruang baca, ruang jurnal internasional, ruang seminar, dan ruang close reserve. Energi listrik di gedung perpustakaan ini digunakan untuk instalasi penerangan, air conditioning (AC), kipas angin, komputer, dan mesin-mesin lain yangn dioperasikan dengan energi listrik. Dengan adanya pemanfaatan energi listrik untuk berbagai keperluan di gedung perpustakaan tersebut maka perlu dilakukan audit energi, terutama audit energi yang terkait dengan pencahayaan. Audit energi untuk pencahayaan dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan energi dan peluang penghematan energi pada bangunan gedung untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan energi pada bangunan gedung yang bersangkutan. Audit energi adalah teknik yang dipakai untuk menghitung besarnya konsumsi energi pada bangunan gedung dan mengenali cara-cara untuk penghematannya [1] Metode Penelitian Tahapan dalam melakukan audit energi mengacu pada [4]. Tahapan pada penelitian ini meliputi: 1) pengukuran intensitas pencahayaan buatan, 2) perhitungan daya listrik, 3) perhitungan intensitas konsumsi energi (IKE) pencahayaan kondisi awal, 4) perancangan sistem pencahayaan buatan, 5) perhitungan IKE pencahayaan hasil rancangan. Teknik

L’objectif de ce étude est de comprendre comment une équipe d’infirmières gère, de manière individuelle et collective, les contraintes et les ressources disponibles pour produire un travail de soins de qualité. L’étude s’intéresse en particulier aux stratégies mises en oeuvre par les infirmières de grande équipe pour administrer des soins et des traitements dans deux unités d’hospitalisation de neurologie, et rend compte de la place des critères de qualité dans les différents arbitrages et régulations réalisés par ces opérateurs. La qualité du travail de soins est étudiée selon une approche ergonomique : elle y est considérée comme un processus construit dans la situation de travail, fruit de l’articulation entre les règles formelles (qualité réglée) et la capacité individuelle et collective des opérateurs à faire face à l’imprévisibilité et à la variabilité naturelle du travail (qualité gérée). Ceci suppose de reconnaître que la contribution des opérateurs à la production de la qualité ne se limite pas à l’exécution d’une prescription ; il s’agit plutôt de mobiliser, à l’échelle individuelle et collective, des ressources dans le but de réaliser un travail bien fait dans la situation de soins.

Pada kesempatan kali ini kami telah melakukan sebuah penelitian terhadap pabrik kerupuk yang bertempat di suatu kawasan di wilayah Bandung, pada kesempatan yang telah diberikan kami telah melakukan pengamatan yang dimulai sekitar pukul 12:00 siang sampai kurang lebih nya sekitar 15:00 sore, kami mengamati ada beberapa kali kendala yang dialami oleh para pekerja, sebagai contoh seperti gangguan yang tidak bisa dihindarkan dan gerakan gerakan tidak efektif lain nya.
Selain itu, kami melihat sebuah beban kerja yang sedang (60%) yang menyebabkan para pekerja merasa kelelahan pada beberapa waktu yang mana hal tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya beristirahat untuk menghilangkan lelah atau bisa digolongkan sebagai gerakan tidak efektif lain nya.
Dengan jam kerja dimulai pada pagi hari dan selesai pada sore hari dengan jumlah karyawan yang tidak terlalu banyak maka akan menyebabkan kelelahan karena kurang nya tenaga kerja yang mewajibkan para pekerja yang tersisa memiliki beban ekstra untuk mencapai hasil yang maksimal dalam memproduksi barang jadi dalam satu hari tersebut.

Stasiun kerja merupakan salah satu komponen yang harus diperhatikan berkenaan dengan upaya peningkatan produktivitas kerja. Kondisi kerja yang tidak memperhatikan kenyamanan, kepuasan, keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja tentunya akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas kerja manusia. Dalam perancangan stasiun kerja harus diperhatikan peranan dan fungsi pokok dari komponen-komponen sistem kerja yang terlibat yaitu manusia, mesin/peralatan dan lingkungan fisik kerja. Untuk mengetahui baik tidaknya postur kerja dapat dilakukan penilaian dengan beberapa metode antara lain Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA) dan Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA). REBA adalah sebuah metode yang dikembangkan dalam bidang ergonomi dan dapat digunakan secara cepat untuk menilai posisi kerja atau postur leher, punggung, lengan pergelangan tangan dan kaki seorang operator. Selain itu metode ini juga dipengaruhi faktor coupling, beban eksternal yang ditopang oleh tubuh serta aktivitas pekerja. Penilaian dengan menggunakan REBA tidak membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk melengkapi dan melakukan scoring general pada daftar aktivitas yang mengindikasikan perlu adanya pengurangan resiko yang diakibatkan postur kerja operator (Mc Atamney, 2000). Begitu juga dengan RULA, yaitu metode yang dikembangkan dalam bidang ergonomi untuk melakukan penilaian posisi kerja anggota tubuh bagian atas. Dalam perancangan suatu stasiun kerja diperlukan pengetahuan mengenai desain ergonomi dan antropometri agar tercipta suatu stasiun kerja yang nyaman dan aman bagi operator kerja. Pada modul ini diharapkan praktikan mampu merancang ulang suatu stasiun kerja menggunakan persentil dan data antropometri sehingga menghasilkan stasiun kerja yang lebih ergonomis Saat ini banyak permasalahan yang ditemukan diberbagai stasiun kerja, salah satunya konveksi. Dalam praktikum ini studi kasus yang diambil adalah stasiun kerja di industri konveksi. Dari pengamatan kami di industri tersebut banyak sekali terjadi keluhan pada operator kerja karena cidera dibagian punggung Kami berpendapat bahwa stasiun kerja yang ada dalam industri konveksi tersebut perlu di desain ulang agar pekerja nyaman dalam mengerjakan tugasnya dan tak ada keluhan cidera tulang belakang. Dari semua stasiun kerja yang ada kami mengambil salah satu stasiun kerja yang kami anggap banyak terjadi cidera pada operator kerjanya yaitu stasiun kerja pembuat pola kain. Untuk menangani masalah tersebut diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai stasiun kerja tersebut. MODUL I DESAIN ERGONOMI

RESUMO A oferta de roupas plus size aumentou nos últimos anos, como reflexo da segmentação do mercado de moda, para atingir as necessidades de um público exclusivo, mas crescente, que apresenta necessidades dimensionais e de modelagem específicas, comumente não encontradas em roupas de grandes marcas. As lojas de roupas plus size visam oferecer um atendimento diferenciado e produtos adequados, entretanto, os espaços em que essas lojas estão instaladas nem sempre oferecem as condições de acessibilidade e de conforto necessárias. Esta pesquisa utiliza a MEAC – Metodologia Ergonômica para o Ambiente Construído – para avaliar as condições ergonômicas de duas lojas de roupas plus size, e propor diretrizes de melhorias para estes ambientes. ABSTRACT In recent years, plus size clothing market has increased. It is caused by segmentation of the fashion market, in order to attend the needs of an exclusive and growing public. These people feature dimensional and modeling specific clothing design, often not found in big brand clothing stores. Plus size clothing stores are prepared to provide a differentiated service and suitable products offers, however, their interior design are not always accessible or comfort. This research uses the MEAC-Ergonomic Methodology for the Built Environment to evaluate ergonomics environmental conditions, and user's satisfaction perceptions into two plus size clothing stores. As results, it will propose guidelines for improvements to these environments.

It is obvious that either public or private institutions might be profit or service oriented in their nature and to achieve this; employee wellbeing should be primarily concerned. One move toward is to integrate the concepts of quality ergonomics which is the main human factors, and safety into such higher academic institutions experiences for all community that make the competitive in today's working environments of the institutions. Literally speaking Ergonomics means the study or measurement of work therefore this paper focuses on the relationship between physical and logical environment setting and institutional performance with especial reference to Adigrat University. Hence, this paper is literature and personal observation based research article on the role of ergonomics approach of workplace in case of the stated University which is one of the third generation higher academic institutions in Ethiopia., the researcher tried to put a possible suggestions based on a practical observation on what is going practically. At the end with a proper plan of ergonomics approach the tangible and intangible costs due to unhealthy working condition could be reduced since the outcome of this paper could attract the attention of the management bodies in particular and community of the institution i.e Adigrat University in general.

A work environment is place where employees perform their daily work activities. Job satisfaction is one important indicator of improving labor productivity. Need to know whether the work environment influence on employee job satisfaction. This study aimed to determined effect of work environment both physical and non-physical to employees satisfaction. The study conducted on employees in a palm oil mill. There were 43 employees of production departement became object of the research. Data collected through observation, interview, and questionnaires. The method of analysis using multiple regression analysis by testing simultaneous effect  (F-test) and testing partial effect (t-test). The test results indicated that the questionnaires were reliable and valid. Results of multiple regression analysis indicated that the work physical and non-physical environment significantly affected employee satisfaction either simultaneously or partially. Some aspects of the work environment that need attention and improvement by the management of the palm oil mill were also given.

Key words : work environment, employees satisfaction, palm oil mill

Production ergonomics – the science and practice of designing industrial workplaces to optimize human well-being and system performance – is a complex challenge for a designer. Humans are a valuable and flexible resource in any system of creation, and as long as they stay healthy, alert and motivated, they perform well and also become more competent over time, which increases their value as a resource. However, if a system designer is not mindful or aware of the many threats to health and system performance that may emerge, the end result may include inefficiency, productivity losses, low working morale, injuries and sick-leave. To help budding system designers and production engineers tackle these design challenges holistically, this book offers a multi-faceted orientation in the prerequisites for healthy and effective human work. We will cover physical, cognitive and organizational aspects of ergonomics, and provide both the individual human perspective and that of groups and popu...

Comfort is similarly as vital for understudies everything being equal, as profound learning requires focus and consideration. When learners are distracted by their pain, they will be more likely to get frustrated with the task at hand, and give up. Pain could potentially cause distractions that further distract other learners in the educational classroom. Making ergonomics in the education classroom much more than a nice-to-have; it is a necessity.

As a student of this prestigious school, the researchers have observed situations wherein the educational furniture that the university has to offer varies from one chair to the other; it is not uniform in size and dimension. Sometimes leading to some student to not be comfortable on their seat.

BACKGROUND: Assessing physical ergonomic factors within the classroom environment creates new opportunities to support designs that promote student well-being. Student-aged anthropometric data helps guide proper desk fit assessment, therefore facilitating scholastic performance through the reduction of distractions such as physical discomfort. OBJECTIVE: This study reports dimensions of fit between student anthropometry and the desk environment (classroom seating conditions), for grade-school aged children in Serbia. Measurements of the children and their desks are compared to subjective reports of discomfort. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-seven elementary school students, grade 2 (ages 7-8; n = 29) and grade 4 (ages 9-10; n = 28), were enrolled in this study. All participants were from the same elementary school in the city of Nis, Serbia. METHODS: Seventeen anthropometric measurements of students were collected using standard anthropometric instruments. Eight measurements of student work desks and chairs were also collected. Students were evaluated by a physiatrist to assess health issues and completed a novel questionnaire about musculoskeletal discomfort for different body parts. Student fit to the classroom seat and desk was assessed structurally and subjectively. Data analysis included descriptive anthropometric measurements and inferential statistics including Chi square analysis. RESULTS: Results indicated age-related differences in body part discomfort for grade 2 and grade 4 students, arm discomfort reported over 50% of second grade students, and neck/upper back discomfort was reported as the highest of all body parts (32%) for students in the fourth grade. CONCLUSION: Anthropometric variables and preliminary analysis of fit as it relates to reported discomfort are discussed, as are external factors of backpack use and seated video/computer-game use. International comparisons of anthropometric data are discussed and serve to inform new considerations of ergonomics research for school children.

Noise and vibration are occupational hazards that affect worker health and safety. Prolonged exposure to noisy environment results in hearing loss of the affected individuals. The objective of this study was to estimate an excess risk of hearing impairment of professional drivers in Kolkata city of India. In this study, 90 healthy male subjects of similar age, height and weight were equally sampled in three separate subsamples of 30 subjects each viz. drivers with less than 10 years of occupational noise exposure, drivers with more than 10 years of occupational noise exposure and office workers as control. The audiometric testing of both ears of the selected subjects was conducted at frequencies of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10 kHz. The average estimated excess risks of hearing impairment of the subjects were calculated from audiometric data using five standard model equations. The hearing threshold levels of office workers at audiometric test frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 kHz did not exceed 25 dB (A) to cause hearing handicap. However, it exceeded 25 dB (A) for professional drivers (<10 years of noise exposure and >10 years of noise exposure). The values of estimated average excess risk indicated that hearing damage of professional drivers was expected to occur sooner at 3 and 4 kHz frequencies than losses at lower frequencies. It was concluded that the occupational hazards of professional driving significantly increased hearing threshold levels of drivers as compared to office workers. Relevance to industry: This study emphasizes the need to periodically check professional driver's hearing to determine their auditory threshold shift or excess risk, especially those working in noisy environments. It highlights an urgent need to take up some interventions to reduce the harmful effect of loud traffic noise to drivers exposed to noisy environment in populated cities.

Objective: The problems associated with joint laxity pose great concern especially to people engaged in athletic occupation for livelihood. The prevalence of the disorder has continued to rise especially lately following enhanced interest in sports and athletic career. The study assessed joint laxity and compared the prevalence among athletic and non-athletic students of University of Nigeria Enugu Campus using the Beighton criteria for classification of joint laxity. Method: A cross-sectional analytical survey design was used. 160 subjects (40 athletic male, 40 athletic female, 40 non-athletic male and 40 non-athletic female students) aged between 18 and 30years with no previous history of musculoskeletal deformities underwent subjective joint laxity tests according to Beighton 9-point criteria and were classified either as lax jointed or tight jointed. Result: Results indicated that 28(70.0%) female athletic and 15(37.5%) male non-athletic students were lax jointed. Mean Beighton scores across the four groups were significantly different. Furthermore, significantly more Athletes and females showed articular hypermobility than the non-athletic and the males. Conclusion: Female and athletic students may be more susceptible to disorder associated with increased joint laxity more than their respective male and non-athletes. Therefore, intervention aimed at reducing injuries related to joint laxity should target more the athletes and females.

Topics:
Introducing the BIENNALE ARCHITECTURE, which will take place in Venice, Italy from 26 May to 25 November 2018.
The Biennale Architecture of Venice is the most important exhibition of architecture all around the world, The last edition (2016) closed with more than 65 participating nations and 140 universities with 43.950 students.
Biennale Architecture 2018
Introducing the XXII Triennale International Exhibition of Design, Milano
The 2018 new exhibition will take place from 1 March to 1 September 2019.
Triennale of Milano 2018
“Dentro/Inside Caravaggio” exhibition at Palazzo Reale (Royal Palace), Milano.
Once again Milan pays homage to the genius artist showing eighteen of the master's works of art together for the first time ever.
Caravaggio exhibition.

Noise is a problem that is often encountered many industrial workers today. The cement plant has production machines with high noise level. The noisy environment will arise risks on workers. The purpose of this study was to determined noise level and its effect on workers in a cement plant. The noise intensity was measured at three area of the plants ; raw mill, cement mill, and sillo raw mix. There were 23 measuring points where considered as hazardous potential to workers. The measurement was carried out seven times during three days on each area. To found effects of noise exposure on workers by questionnaires. It used to found existing of physiological, psychological, and communication disturbs. The results indicated that all measured points exceeded the threshold limit value 85 dBA for 8 working hours. Raw mill and sillo raw mix have the highest equivalent noise level where each area reached 118,1 dBA and 119 dBA. The highest annoyance based on workers response was communication disturbs. Recommendations for reducting this negative effects had given technically, administratively, and control noise at receiver.

Key words: noise level, effects of noise exposure, cement plant

Topics:
The Biennale Architecture of Venice will take place in Venice, Italy from 26 May to 25 November 2018.
Design for Children.
Wright at the Pinacoteca Agnelli.
Costante Colore, The Pool NYC.
Caravaggio, Uffizi, Firenze.
Ergonomics of Communication with Multimedia.
Photography and Dance, by Alexander Yakovlev.
Valentino Garavani.

Perangkat proyektor LCD (liquid crystal display) merupakan media pembelajaran yang populer digunakan di kampus Perguruan Tinggi. Display LCD  memiliki banyak keunggulan dan penggunaannya diyakini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman mahasiswa dalam belajar di ruang kelas. Posisi letak perangkat proyektor perlu diperhatikan karena akan mempengaruhi efektifitas penggunaannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi dan memberikan usulan ergonomis posisi perangkat proyektor LCD di ruang kelas. Objek studi kasus adalah ruang kelas dan laboratorium komputer di kampus Akademi Teknologi Industri Padang.  Ada dua pendekatan yang digunakan dalam analisis. Pendekatan subjektif untuk mengevaluasi efektifitas posisi layar proyektor sekarang berdasarkan persepsi mahasiswa. Pendekatan objektif untuk menganalisis kesesuaian antropometri pengguna, sudut pandang dan paparan pencahayaan. Analisis menunjukkan posisi perangkat proyektor LCD di ruang kelas dan laboratorium komputer secara umum belum memenuhi kaidah-kaidah ergonomi. Penelitian ini mengusulkan posisi proyektor LCD yang ergonomis dengan kriteria ; kesesuaian antropometri pengguna, sudut horizontal dan vertikal, jarak kursi relatif terhadap layar, dan paparan pencahayaan (silau) yang minimum.

Kata kunci : posisi ergonomis, perangkat proyektor, ruang kelas

Background: Assessing physical ergonomic factors within the classroom environment creates new opportunities to support designs that promote student well-being. Student-aged anthropometric data helps guide proper desk fit assessment, therefore facilitating scholastic performance through the reduction of distractions such as physical discomfort. Objective: This study reports dimensions of fit between student anthropometry and the desk environment (classroom seating conditions), for grade-school aged children in Serbia. Measurements of the children and their desks are compared to subjective reports of discomfort. Participants: Fifty-seven elementary school students, grade 2 (ages 7-8; n = 29) and grade 4 (ages 9-10; n = 28), were enrolled in this study. All participants were from the same elementary school in the city of Nis, Serbia. Methods: Seventeen anthropometric measurements of students were collected using standard anthropometric instruments. Eight measurements of student work desks and chairs were also collected. Students were evaluated by a physiatrist to assess health issues and completed a novel questionnaire about musculoskeletal discomfort for different body parts. Student fit to the classroom seat and desk was assessed structurally and subjectively. Data analysis included descriptive anthropometric measurements and inferential statistics including Chi square analysis. Results: Results indicated age-related differences in body part discomfort for grade 2 and grade 4 students (arm discomfort reported over 50% of second grade students) and neck/upper back discomfort was reported as the highest of all body parts (32%) for students in the fourth grade. Conclusion: Anthropometric variables and preliminary analysis of fit as it relates to reported discomfort are discussed, as are external factors of backpack use and seated video/computer-game use. International comparisons of anthropometric data are discussed and serve to inform new considerations of ergonomics research for school children.

This study aims to measure the practicality of the participatory ergonomic and teaching factory model in metal welding training in order to improve the abilities and skills of welding training participants at Batam Training School. This research is based on findings at the research location where the welding training target has not been achieved ie 400 hours of welder can be proficient in 5 welding positions. This research uses research and development (R&D) methods and ADDIE development procedures. Data analysis techniques used quantitative descriptive analysis techniques and qualitative validity. The results of the study were the practicality of the model meeting the practical criteria based on the instructor's response was 84% and based on the training participants 86%. The application of the Participatory Ergonomics and Teaching Factory model in metal welding training can impacts the training participants, namely: 1) the ability to plan work, 2) the ability to analyze work, 3) the ability to perform work, 4) the ability to determine alternatives and how to complete the work well, 5) the ability to perform work on time, 6) the ability to evaluate work results, and 7) the ability to communicate.

Topics:
The Biennale Architecture of Venice is the most important exhibition of architecture all around the world with 71 participant nations. Biennale Architecture 2018.
The Castle/Shloss Wolfsthurn. The South Tyrolean Museum of Hunting and Fishing
Biennale Education Sessions, Venice 2018. The Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, for the second time, is the sole Russian University to participate in the Biennale Architecture of Venice. The project presented in this edition is so titled: “The Next Social Housing, an innovative project for the effective prefabrication of residential buildings”.

L’open office supporta il lavoro individuale? È ergonomico e funzionale alle nostre esigenze psicofisiche? Come evitare la “trappola delle trasparenze”?

La dimensione post moderna dell’habitat ufficio crea un clima di difficile relazione tra trasparenza e separazione; tra condivisione e privacy, tra socialità e individualismo. In termini di efficienza è complicato trovare un punto di equilibrio, troppe le variabili in gioco che possono inficiare i benchmarking: un’architettura dell’ambiente impropria, uno stile aziendale indefinito, scelte illuminotecniche non corrette, un “clima” negativo, ecc.
La giusta misura tra spazi individuali e spazi collettivi è una difficile alchimia tra i soggetti produttori del valore, le loro dinamiche relazionali e lo spazio che li circonda. L’approccio “mettiamo tutti insieme in un grande spazio”, fenomeno il più delle volte coadiuvato da esigenze di “cassa” piuttosto che da un’attenta analisi organizzativa, e spesso frutto di  un’eccessiva semplificazione. […]

CSR does not emanate directly from external demands but instead from organizationally embedded processes. These processes prompt the organization to view its relationships with stakeholders in a different perspective, which in turn influences its engagement with them. Sustainability of CSR depends directly on the profitability of the firm. As per the beliefs, many thinks that it is just another tax imposed legally on profit making corporates and hence it is a disinvestment. Practically CSR is not contributing directly in terms of generating revenue for corporates. The money spend on CSR activities are pure philanthropic in nature and 2% of net profit also matters a lot in this cut throat competition. Along with this the sustainability of CSR activities will be at stake if the organizations don't make a substantial profit to be eligible for CSR Hence in this context the authors are introducing a concept, called Corporate Ergonomic Responsibility (CER) which can help the organizations to ensure a sustainable CSR strategy. This paper presents a conceptual framework and descriptive analysis of CER in Indian context. The researcher has developed a interactive CSR-CER model which explains how these two are interrelated. Also tried to explain how CER enhances the sustainability of CSR activities by citing a schematic diagram.

Public spaces are key elements for social contact and urban qualification, in this way demanding appropriated components to fit social, functional and microclimatic conditions for the development of human convivial activities. In this context, this research considers that the attributes related to design and to thermal environment could bring some ergonomic and environmental features to the open convivial areas, establishing levels of service for users’ permanence and attractiveness. In order to verify this relationship, this research seeks to develop a tool for the analysis of the design and the environmental ergonomics of permanence and attractiveness in niches of the open convivial spaces, verifying their thermal environment. For this purpose, it was created a model called Design for Permanence and Attractiveness in Niches of the Open Convivial Spaces (or DePAN, which is the abbreviation originated from the name in Portuguese). This is a model based on concepts of Environmental Psychology, Post-Occupancy Evaluation, Observational Method, Behavioral Mapping and a method based on a Grid of Attributes. The development steps of the model corresponded to field observation and elaboration of graphical mesh, to quantification and evaluation of the level of service in existing niches and to validation of DePAN model. The methodological process of DePAN model establishes an overlay of fixed and dynamic meshes that represent attributes of the niches of the open convivial spaces. This overlaying was done by means of exploring the potentialities of a GIS (Geographical Information System), what made possible the determination of a DePAN index, allowing the classification of the level of services from A (excellent) to E (dissatisfactory). In order to apply and to validate the method, niches of three areas in Bauru-SP were analyzed: Parque Vitória Régia, Bosque da Comunidade and Praça Rui Barbosa. The analysis showed that most niches studied offers levels of service considered good to very good by the DePAN classification. In general, the DePAN model had a practical performance, being applicable in other convivial areas, and serving as an indicator of priorities for constructive intervention and optimization of niches.

Labors, especially in industry, spend most of their time in the workplace. Several factors including physical activity and lifestyle of workers such as smoking habit in the workplace that will affect labors health. Besides that, bone mass is one of the factors that influence the health quality of workers, especially for hand-operated labor. This research aims to define the relationship between physical activity and smoking habit on bone mass in male industrial labors. The study is a preliminary study to recognize variables that influence bone mass and the base for defining the weight limit for lifting activities. This investigation was purposed determining physical activity and smoking habit of labors in the workplace, as well as calculating the bone mass of workers. The respondents required were 93 male labors in Padang, West Sumatra. Bone mass measuring tools were used to calculate labor&#39;s bone mass, while questionnaires were used to define the smoking habit of labors and phys...

Production ergonomics – the science and practice of designing industrial workplaces to optimize human well-being and system performance – is a complex challenge for a designer. Humans are a valuable and flexible resource in any system of creation, and as long as they stay healthy, alert and motivated, they perform well and also become more competent over time, which increases their value as a resource. However, if a system designer is not mindful or aware of the many threats to health and system performance that may emerge, the end result may include inefficiency, productivity losses, low working morale, injuries and sick-leave.

To help budding system designers and production engineers tackle these design challenges holistically, this book offers a multi-faceted orientation in the prerequisites for healthy and effective human work. We will cover physical, cognitive and organizational aspects of ergonomics, and provide both the individual human perspective and that of groups and populations, ending up with a look at global challenges that require workplaces to become more socially and economically sustainable. This book is written to give you a warm welcome to the subject, and to provide a solid foundation for improving industrial workplaces to attract and retain healthy and productive staff in the long run.