E Government Adoption

The authors undertake an exploratory study, in the context of a digitally disadvantaged community in the United States, to determine what factors are associated with e-government website visitation. Following a community-based initiative, designed to stimulate computer literacy and access to information and commu- nication technologies for residents and neighbors of an underserved public housing community, a survey of e-government website visitation was undertaken. The results indicate that over half of the respondents are aware of or have visited e-government websites, with nearly a third indicating they intend to use e-government websites in the future. Awareness of e-government websites was found to be significantly related to e-government website visitation. Internet experience and perceived access barriers were found not to be significantly related to e-government website visitation. This research enhances the understanding of visitation of e-government services among techno-disadvantaged citizens to encourage greater inclusion. The authors conclude by emphasizing the importance of a community organizing strategy to sustain e-government participation among the digitally disadvantaged.

E-government presents a new innovative approach to solving traditional problems of government services using the IT technology. This paper presents the views of citizens, businesses and government to advance the transformation enabling e-government by using an Enterprise Architecture paradigm that will be able to attract citizens who are connected online; move people online who are not there; and enable the transformation to e-Government at three levels, citizen, Government and business.

In this book, the author analyzes e-government reforms in Kazakhstan from a multitude of dimensions, including, but not limited to, political, social, economic and technological ones. It examines the adoption of a wide range of technology-driven public sector projects and identifies key drivers, challenges, regulation policies and stakeholders of e-government policies in this transitional society. Taking into account recent changes in public sector affairs, such as the development of mobile government, the growth of civic engagement trends and advent of the open data-driven movement, and the overall progress of the national digital government project, this book addresses the emergence of new challenges and concerns associated with the advancement of the e-governance concept in Kazakhstan. Furthermore, it suggests that a universal framework can be applied when investigating e-government reforms in other countries, too.

Offering a wide range of practical recommendations on how to overcome the issues associated with the adoption of e-government reforms, this book will be a valuable resource for anyone wishing to improve their understanding of the multidimensional nature of the phenomena. It will be especially of key interest to academics studying Public Policy, Public Administration Studies, Digital Politics, Open Governance, Technology Reforms, Development and Central Asian Studies.

In these recent years, the interoperability of e-Government applications has been an extremely important research and development ICT domain to facilitate the seamless exchange of information across public and private sectors department of government. Many researchers and practitioners have focused on the adaptation and design of Government Interoperability Frameworks to do a form of relationship in the E-Government implementations. The major elements relevant to E-Government interoperability are conformance and compliance and there are a large number of Government applications that are available through the web, but it is difficult to automate interoperation because of the heterogeneity in developing these E-Government applications, the heterogeneous platforms on which the applications run, the complexity of web interface that is not machine-friendly and the Non-standard format used for data input/output. In this paper web services and business process engines have been developed as a standard XML-based model for message exchange between heterogeneous applications by using a web services choreography language to remedy these problems.

Technological developments have transformed the forms of communication that can have a major impact on the social structure. All these technological developments cause fundamental changes in the way of life of the individuals and there are serious changes in both the ways of interpreting life and personality structures. The primary aim of this study is to examine the perceptions of online government services amongst different generations. The research of this study was carried out on the perception of e-government services with a questionnaire applied to the X, Y, Z generations to measure the similarities and differences in their understanding of these services. As a result of the research, individual typologies formed by the digital use of governmental services, which are called pre-techno individuals, techno individuals and post-techno individuals and the characteristics of these generations in terms of e-government services usage are revealed.

This research is about cloud computing for E-Government services in Sultanate of Oman. The researcher gathered and collected information in the literature review related to E-Government (types, benefits, challenges, and barrier), E-Government in Oman, the challenges and solutions.

are having an increasing impact on societies and in the globalization process that is integrating them. Societies are trying to regulate this impact, and adapt it to their respective cultural infra-structures. Societies and cultures are in reciprocal co-adaptations with Information and Communication Technologies. Synergic relationships might emerge in this co-adaptation process by means of positive and negative feedback loops, as well as feedforward ones. This would make the whole larger than the sum of its parts, generating emergent properties in the parts involved as well as in the whole coming forth. The academic, private, and public sectors are integrating their activities; multi-disciplinary groups and inter-disciplinary teams are being formed, and collaborative research and development projects are being organized in order to facilitate and adequately orient the design and implementation of the feedback and the feedforward loops, so the synergic relationships are socially positive and personally human. One of the main purposes of the 4 th International Multi-Conference on Society, Cybernetics and Informatics (IMSCI 2010) is to bring together academics, professionals, and managers from the private and the public sectors, so they can share ideas, results of research, and innovative services or products, in a multi-disciplinary and multi-sector forum. Educational technologies, socio-economic organizations, and socio-political processes are essential domains among those involved in the evolving co-adaptation and cotransformation between societies and cultures on the one hand, and between informatics and cybernetics (communication and control) on the other hand. Consequently, the main conferences in the context of the IMSCI 2010 Multi-Conference are the following: • These three conferences are related to each other and, as a whole, are producing or might produce synergic relationships with Information and Communication Technologies. This is why the Organizing Committees of the three of them have the purpose of combining their efforts in a way that would lead to the organization of an adequate joint event, where academics, researchers, consultants, professionals, innovators, and practitioners from the three areas might relate and interact with each other in the same event. These types of interaction might generate possibilities of cross-fertilization and analogical thinking, as well as possibilities of new working hypothesis, ideas, and reflections on the impact, significance, and usefulness of Informatics and Cybernetics in important • What ethical and legal issues will be a part of the social transformation produced by the ICTs? On behalf of the Organizing Committees, I extend our heartfelt thanks to: WMSCI 2010 711 1841 3586 1.95 5.04 242 34.04% IMETI 2010 425 1124 2480 2.21 5.84 134 31.53% IMSCI 2010 321 720 1751 2.43 5.45 131 40.81% CISCI 2010 622 1174 3321 2.83 5.34 224 36.01% TOTAL 2079 4859 11138 2.29 5.36 731 35.16% We also extend our gratitude to the co-editors of these proceedings, for the hard work, energy and eagerness they shown preparing their respective sessions. We express our intense gratitude to Professor William Lesso for his wise and opportune tutoring, for his eternal energy, integrity, and continuous support and advice, as the Program Committee Chair of past conferences, and as Honorary President of WMSCI 2010, as well as for being a very caring old friend and intellectual father to many of us. We also extend our gratitude to Professor Belkis Sanchez, who brilliantly managed the organizing process. We also express our immense gratitude to Professor Freddy Malpica for distinguishing this conference by accepting the position of Honorary Chair of EISTA 2010 and the past conferences of PISTA and SOIC; to Professors Friedrich Welsch for serving as the Program Co-Chair of EISTA

The dramatic increase in the use of the World Wide Web and the Internet in government may foreshadow important changes in the nature of governance. A number of theorists have posited that the adoption of networked information systems is accompanied by inevitable shifts toward democratic government. Others argue that technologies are secondary factors in changes in levels of democracy or types of governance. Our article examines the openness of cabinet-level websites in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and post-communist countries as a measure of an important aspect of governance that has only recently been operationalized. It provides a brief review of other studies in this field and the directions in which they are heading. The article analyzes the effects of political, cultural, economic, and technical factors on openness of cabinet-level websites in OECD and post-communist countries. The question is whether the level of democracy and cultural legacies affect openness of electronic governments. The study employs statistical analysis of a comparative database of national-level public agency websites that is produced by the Cyberspace Policy Research Group (CyPRG). The dependent variable is based on transparency and interactivity scores and availability of cabinet-level websites. The independent variables include Freedom House and Polity indexes of democracy, historical legacy, religious tradition, and the GDP per capita and number of Internet users per 1,000 people. Regression analysis shows that democracy, historical legacies, level of economic development, and religious tradition affect openness of cabinet-level websites in OECD and post-communist countries. This study demonstrates need to distinguish between cyberdemocracy and “Potemkin e-villages,” that is, window-dressing, in electronic governments.

In order to identify factors affecting e-government services adoption, a survey questionnaire and case study interviews were conducted to collect research data from 409 e-ready Ukrainians. The results of the mixed methods research confirmed eight factors, which seemed to be responsible for low adoption rates of e-government services in Ukraine, namely awareness, computer literacy, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived public value, the individual cultural value preferences for uncertainty avoidance, trust in the government, and trust in the Internet. The adoption of e-Government services amongst e-ready citizens in Ukraine was reported to be 56.5 percent or 23.6 percent of all legal-aged Ukrainians. Overall, the level of development of e-government in the Ukraine was found to be low. The TAM-based research model explained 42 percent of the variance in the behavioral intentions of e-ready citizens towards the use of e-government services. Eight out of ten hypothesized relationships were accepted.

This paper applies the technology acceptance model to explore the digital divide and transformational government (t-government) in the United States. Successful t-government is predicated on citizen adoption and usage of e-government services. The contribution of this research is to enhance our understanding of the factors associated with the usage of e-government services among members of a community on the unfortunate side of the divide. A questionnaire was administered to members, of a techno-disadvantaged public housing community and neighboring households, who partook in training or used the community computer lab. The results indicate that perceived access barriers and perceived ease of use (PEOU) are significantly associated with usage, while perceived usefulness (PU) is not. Among the demographic characteristics, educational level, employment status, and household income all have a significant impact on access barriers and employment is significantly associated with PEOU. Finally, PEOU is significantly related to PU. Overall, the results emphasize that t-government cannot cross the digital divide without accompanying employment programs and programs that enhance citizens' ease in using such services.

The role of national culture on the use of e-government services in Sri Lanka is explored in this study employing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the theoretical framework. The national culture was added to TAM as an external variable and extended model is tested via a survey of 898 Sri Lankan e-government service users. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized as analysis technique and results of the structural analysis divulge that national culture makes influences positively on the use of e-government services. Besides, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of government websites also are influenced by national culture. Collectivism, Long term orientation and Uncertainty avoidance were the key contributing dimensions of culture in the Sri Lankan context. Nevertheless, these results suggest that TAM can be further extended by examining the nature of the e-government use and the national culture. Cultural traits should be considered in understanding the use of e-government services in Sri Lanka and the outcomes of this paper would be intrinsic worth for policy makers to pay more attention on national culture when investments are made to e-government initiatives.

Increased generation of data in the e-governance R&D process is required to generate the expected services in terms of enhanced e-services productivity and pipelines. The inability of existing integration strategies to organise and apply the available knowledge to the range of real scientific, business and
governance issues is impacting on not only productivity but also transparency of information in crucial safety and regulatory applications. This requires focusing on normative models of e-governance that typically can assert horizontal (inter-agency) and vertical (inter-governmental) integration of data flows
to represent the most sophisticated form of e-government delivering greatest payoff for both governments and users. The new range of semantic technologies based on ontology enable proper integration of knowledge in a way that is reusable by several applications across governance business from discovery
to ministry affairs. The objective of this paper is to provide an insight on the necessary and sufficient knowledge base to deal with data integration using semantic web technologies applicable for e-governance based on exploratory research using literature survey. It assumes that reader has the
capability of understanding some basic knowledge on E-governance, Relational Database Management, Ontology, and Service Oriented Architecture and Semantic Web Technology.

Asking such a simple question as what e-government politics really is to policymakers, practitioners and other stakeholders in the area and all the more so in a cross-country and cross-institutional manner could be an extremely prolific undertaking since it allows to generate a myriad of unique stories and perspectives about this phenomenon. E-government is a universally well-known concept in public policy, public administration, political and economic sciences and beyond and related academic and professional literature is really rich with demonstrative cases that represent these narratives well from various viewpoints and fields. In this regard, the key purpose of the article is not to update a state-of-the-art in the area but rather an attempt to synthesize and systematize all available institutional perspectives on the development of this truly multidimensional networking phenomenon equally from stakeholder, cross-institutional and cross-country perspectives.

Objective – To identify the relationship between the e-Government web-based application adoption and citizens’ continuance intention in Southern Malaysia and to determine which element in the predictor variable that has more influence towards the outcome variable based on a theoretical framework.
Methodology/Technique – It is a correlational study that uses survey to gather data. This study is conducted in the selected private organizations in the Southern Malaysia; namely the states of Johor, Melaka and Negeri Sembilan. Convenience sampling was chosen to select 216 respondents.
Findings – The results found that website design, complexity and perceived usefulness significantly associated with citizens’ continuance intention. In addition, perceived usefulness is the main predictor in influencing citizens’ continuance intention.
Novelty – This study focuses on the continuance intention to use the intended web-based applications rather than the initial intention to use the applications.

There has been a growing need for research on factors influencing the adoption and diffusion of e-government services. Despite the benefits of e-government, which are often stated in terms of increasing the convenience and accessibility of information and services for the public, the success and acceptance of e-government initiatives are contingent upon citizens " willingness to adopt these services. E-government adoption is a multi-dimensional construct. Both willingness and intention of citizens could be considered as unidimensional measures of adoption; other dimensions that can hinder progress towards the adoption and diffusion of e-government are of economic, political and technical nature. As an attempt to narrow the existing knowledge gap in this area, this paper is intended to examine factors influencing the adoption of electronic government services. In addition, we will investigate some of the academic studies that specifically deal with the topic of e-government adoption and dissemination of e-government systems in developing countries. These factors are categorized into three main groups. The first group is concerned with the " individual factors " , which reveal themselves in user satisfaction with the service by evaluating various dimensions, e.g. compatibility, ease of use and trust. Secondly, the " service factors " analyze those dimensions that encourage the user to adopt e-services, such as service cost and communication channels. The third category comprises the " governmental factors " , which discuss the dimensions taken into account when the services are delivered, as Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure and political issues.

Asking such a simple question as what e-government politics really is to policymakers, practitioners and other stakeholders in the area and all the more so in a cross-country and cross-institutional manner could be an extremely prolific undertaking since it allows to generate a myriad of unique stories and perspectives about this phenomenon. E-government is a universally well-known concept in public policy, public administration, political and economic sciences and beyond and related academic and professional literature is really rich with demonstrative cases that represent these narratives well from various viewpoints and fields. In this regard, the key purpose of the article is not to update a state-of-the-art in the area but rather an attempt to synthesize and systematize all available institutional perspectives on the development of this truly multidimensional networking phenomenon equally from stakeholder, cross-institutional and cross-country perspectives.

Citizens and public organisations are increasingly engaging in the co-creation of public services. To be successful, such co-creation efforts require public organisations to engage in organisational learning about citizens' value-creation processes. The purpose of this paper is to explore the antecedents of such organisational learning, drawing on Payne, Storbacka, and Frow's framework about value co-creation management. A model consisting of five factors is suggested and tested via a survey administered to a sample of 204 local government administrators in Italy. The findings highlight the significance of two positive antecedents (public administrators' level of citizen orientation and expected benefits from co-creation) and three negative antecedents (perceived citizens' lack of competencies and experience, perceived biases in citizens' perceptions, and lack of resources) of organisational learning. From the managerial perspective, the model tested in this study can be used by public organisations to evaluate their level of organisational learning.

More than a decade has passed since the launch of the first e-Government one-stop web portals, which concern central points for digital access by citizens, enterprises and government. Due to the broad audience that these portals serve, various analyses have been performed concerning their effectiveness with regard to service delivery; trustworthiness with regard to service availability; usability; accessibility; and user satisfaction etc. The results from these analyses have extreme interest for governments, since they reflect government strategic planning, internal efficiency and effectiveness, while they have been utilized for their upgrades. E-Government portal upgrade appears to be something usual and various updates have been observed in most portals during this timeframe. This paper addresses and important issue: “do e-Government portal updates enhance user satisfaction?” To this end, a comparative qualitative evaluation of some major e-Government portals is performed, with the use of the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) during 2009 and 2012.

Similar to other developing countries, Jordan started a national e-government initiative aiming to streamline government procedures and make information and government services available to business and citizens online. This paper presents the results of a study that assessed factors which could influence the awareness level, acceptance and use of e-government services in Jordan. It investigated issues such as: accessibility of e-government, citizen’s attitude toward various privacy and security, the required services and costs. A survey has been distributed in one of the largest governorates of Jordan. The results of this preliminary study suggest that awareness of e-government has not reached the required level. These findings are hoped to be useful for researchers, practitioners and policy makers.

Con el propósito de fundamentar la propuesta denominada “El Ciberempleo: un esquema laboral innovador entre las instituciones públicas del estado de Guanajuato”, se preparó este documento para apoyar la toma de decisiones institucionales al respecto, en donde se revisó el marco legislativo federal y estatal que normativamente podría incidir en el esquema laboral basado en Ciberempleo.

This case study describes how e-government activities began and developed in the City of Tampere, a middle-sized local authority. The emphasis is on how the city government applied a citizen-centered approach, visible in the provision of access to the Internet for all, and in facilitating the communication and interaction processes between the city and citizens.

The current paper explores the implementation of gamification in the government as a way to win back trust from the citizens. The motivation of the citizens to interact with the public authorities through e-government, requires a suitable gamification framework. Octalysis framework is chosen among the available gamification frameworks due to its motivation orientated nature. Octalyis is used a tool for a pilot study to gamify the Greek taxation information system TAXIS and reveals that TAXIS requires entertaining web aspects for its long term use by the citizens.

Crowdsourcing is rapidly evolving and applied in situations where ideas, labour, opinion or expertise of large groups of people are used. Crowdsourcing is now used in various policy-making initiatives; however, this use has usually focused on open collaboration platforms and specific stages of the policy process, such as agenda-setting and policy evaluations. Other forms of crowdsourcing have been neglected in policy-making, with a few exceptions. This article examines crowdsourcing as a tool for policy-making, and explores the nuances of the technology and its use and implications for different stages of the policy process. The article addresses questions surrounding the role of crowdsourcing and whether it can be considered as a policy tool or as a technological enabler and investigates the current trends and future directions of crowdsourcing.

Smart government is the next generation of the e-government that touching people closely in the perception of service quality. Although, the existing a varies of models that able to measure the level of normal quality, but there is a lack of the models that most needed for measuring the quality of Smart Government Services However, to build a smart government, it is crucial to take the quality into consideration. This paper aims o customized quality model for smart government. Building such quality model will be based on the available software quality models for smart government portals. To achieve the aims of the research, it was critical to analysis and obtain the intersection of the variable and sub variable form the key related models (McCall's,Boehm, Dromey, FURPS and the ISO 9126 Quality Model. It will consist of the most appropriate and related quality characteristics and sub characteristics. The key finding has indicated the importance of conducting practical study for proposing novel model for these purposes

Nigeria has made frantic efforts towards achieving the millennium development goals (MDGs) as spelt out in the United Nations' Agenda for the world. A critical assessment of the e-Government strategies in Nigeria is important being responsible for 20% of the population of the entire African continent. This paper presents a review of the e-Government strategies in Nigeria; the human capital development initiatives; the information and communications technology (ICT) diffusion and e-Inclusion. The global and continental ranking of the country is presented as well as recommendations to accelerate developments towards achieving the MDGs. Findings revealed that there are ongoing efforts in Nigeria to address the issue of poverty. The various initiatives of government include: the National/State Economic Empowerment Strategies (NEEDS/SEEDS), the Vision 2020, the National e-Government Strategy (NeGST) and a well-formulated National IT policy to mention a few. The little hindrance encountered in the research is that the available data was only up to the year 2005 and 2006 in some cases. However, based on the human capital development indices such as: economic empowerment and poverty reduction, education, health, employment generation, etc, it was observed that the adult literacy level of 64.2% is satisfactory and better results are expected before 2015. The life expectancy level is constant (54 years) from 2002 to 2007, which is the one of the lowest in Africa. On school enrolment, the major problem is access and poverty. It was observed that only 25% of primary school leavers made it to the secondary school level, while about 14% of the students at this level made it to the tertiary level. Similarly, the average percentage of female enrolment in schools is 45%. The health facilities are under-funded and are grossly inadequate both in quality and quantity. There is an average of 1,700 persons per hospital bed and the ratio of physicians to the populace is about 1:6000. This calls for a state of emergency in this sector. One major sector of the economy that is experiencing a boost is the ICT and Telecoms. The sector had brought about a teledensity growth of 0.73 to 37.05 from 2001 to 2007. Consequently, Nigeria has been named the fastest growing Telecoms nation in Africa and the third in the world, with a number of direct and indirect jobs created. Similarly, the rate of Internet diffusion is encouraging bearing in mind that the level was almost non existent in 1999. It is obvious that Nigeria would be able to bridge the divide by 2015. Generally, there are some meaningful developments in the country arising from the various poverty eradication schemes but the resultant effect has not imparted positively on unemployment. This is the opinion of the populace and hence the need for government to restrategize, otherwise, fulfilling MDGs by 2015 may not be realistic.

Dominican  Republic  embarked  in  the  enterprise  of  creating  a knowledge  and  information  society.    Although  with  little resources and coordination problems  the country’s achievements in  the  last  10  years  is  outstanding.  This  paper  presents  the challenges  and  limitations  of  the  effort  and  the  research  and statistical data that supports this thesis.

Huge benefits and usefulness that offered by e-government and increasing number of Internet users Indonesia has raised government of the Republic of Indonesia to issue several policies on e-government development. The government has obligation to deliver better and faster public service through e-government. Since 2003 some e-government policies has been issued by the government but in facts year by year, the global rank of e-government readiness as well as regional rank of Indonesia still in low rank. Some previous studies found that success of e-government implementation is dependent not only government support, but also on citizen’s willingness to accept and adopt e-government services. The research is to find out how the acceptance of Indonesian Internet users to e-government services, in terms of relative advantage, image, compatibility, and ease to use variables. Online survey has been published and collected 751 respondents. There are more than 93 percent of the respondents w...

After the changes of regimes in Eastern Europe, joining to the western, democratic states as soon as possible, has become a cardinal issue in almost all affected states. In our study, we examine the relationship between joining to the European Union and the development of e-Government, in particular e-participation.

The primary purpose of the study in this chapter, which methodologically relies on stakeholder and institutional analyses, is to comprehend theoretically the concept of open data through its understanding as a multidimensional and multi-institutional networking phenomenon. The diffusion of this intrinsically political rather than technocratic idea all over the world affects communication processes in many sectors of public life, providing new conceptual platforms to enhance civic engagement, direct participation and collaboration of various actors, which operate in the e-government area and transform traditional channels of political networking via new information technologies not only in interactions between main stakeholders of digital communication such as public agents, citizens and businesses but also between such new active players in the area as non-governmental organizations, independent developers, intermediaries and even mass media and, more importantly, between peers themselves in both public and private sectors of economy and, correspondingly, equally at global, national and local institutional levels of governance.

The aim of this report is to evaluate “e-formalization” in European countries. To tackle informality, the lockdown and physical distancing measures resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a decrease in onsite workplace inspections in Europe and the greater use of e-initiatives as a complement to the traditional onsite workplace inspection. Therefore, the COVID-19 pandemic has made e-formalization more relevant and pertinent, accelerating the trend towards the use of innovative, information-intensive and connectivity based e-initiatives for tackling the informal economy.

Recently, e-government has attracted attention of many scholars. This has led to a growing scholarly literature on the importance and the factors that facilitate e-government implementation. However, despite the increased interest in e-government adoption, there is lack of information about the latent factors that affect e-government in the public sector. Most of the research has focused on observable determinants such as availability of resources, training and support. The latent determinants of e-government adoption therefore remain highly unknown in the existing literature. Due to this research gap, this study conducted an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with an aim of identifying the latent determinants of e-government adoption, with a reference to the Kenya's public sector. The findings indicated that perceived trust, compatibility, usefulness and satisfaction are the latent determinants that influence e-government adoption in the public sector.

The book introduces readers to the results of the comparative cross-institutional analysis on e-governance policies in the United States and Kazakhstan, which, from political and administrative contexts, represent, respectively, typical federal and unitary nations. The results of one-year field studies and ethnographic research that the author of the monograph conducted in the USA as a Fulbright Visiting Scholar in 2011-2012 provided a rich empirical basis to write the monograph. In this regard, the research provides new evidences to support the hypothesis that the unique features of the administrative-territorial division and traditions of public administration existing, respectively, in federal and unitary states have a fundamental impact on the implementation of e-government policies pursued by national authorities in countries with similar political, administrative and institutional structures, which are eventually conceptualized in the book in decentralized and centralized models of e-government implementation policies, i.e. in electronic federalism and electronic centralism, respectively. According to the author of the research, the results of the comparative analysis, to some extent, could be extrapolated, correspondingly, to all federal and unitary nations in much wider global settings.

Özet E-Devlet, günümüzde kamu yönetiminde yükselişe geçmiş olgulardan biridir. Türkiye artık bir tercih olmaktan çıkan bu olguya kayıtsız kalamamış ve özellikle 2000'li yıllardan itibaren Avrupa Birliğine uyum sürecinin de etkisiyle e-devlet proje ve uygulamalarına hız vermiştir. Bununla birlikte, e-devlet sadece teknik değil, sosyolojik ve psikolojik bir olgudur. E-Devletin başarısı için sarf edilen bu çok boyutlu çabaların sonuç vermesi ve büyük yatırımlar yapılan e-devlet projelerinden arzu edilen sonuçların alınabilmesi için e-devletin kullanıcılar tarafından benimsenmesi gerekmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi örneği bağlamında, Birleştirilmiş Teknoloji Kabul ve Kullanım Teorisi (BTKKT) ölçeğinden yararlanarak, Türkiye'de yerel yönetimlerde yöneticilerin e-devleti benimsemesi üzerinde etkili olan faktörleri analiz etmektir. Ampirik araştırmanın bulgularına göre, performans beklentisi, çaba beklentisi ve sosyal etki faktörlerinin yöneticilerin e-devleti kullanmaya yönelik davranışsal niyetleri üzerinde herhangi bir anlamlı etkisi bulunmamaktadır. Yine, yöneticilerin e-devleti kullanmaya yönelik davranışsal niyetleri ile kullanım davranışı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, kolaylaştırıcı koşullar faktörü yöneticilerin e-devleti kullanım davranışı üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir. Abstract Today, e-government is becoming an increasingly important phenomenon in public administration. Turkey has not been indifferent to this phenomenon which is no longer an option; and with the impact of European Union accession period especially since 2000s, Turkey has accelerated the e-government projects and applications. Nonetheless, the e-government phenomenon is not only technical but also sociological and psychological one as well. In order to get the desired results from the multi-dimensional efforts for successful implementation of e-government and from big investments on e-government projects, the e-government should be adopted by its users.Within this context, the aim of this study is, with the help of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), to analyze the factors effective on the adoption of the e-government by the city managers in local governments in Turkey in the case of Bursa Metropolitan Municipality. According to the results of the empirical research, performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence had no significant effect on city managers' behavioral intention to use the e-government. Moreover, there was no significant relationship between the behavioral intention and usage behavior to use the e-government for the city managers. However, the facilitating conditions factor had a positive and significant impact on the e-government usage behavior of the city managers.

Much literature on electronic government services research could be found on adoptability issues from government and service provider’s point of view. Many studies have looked into adoptability factors from user perspectives and majority captured adoptability perspectives of frequent Internet users, the ones who use Internet applications for more than 10 hours a week. On the contrary the perspectives of majority of Pakistani users which use Internet applications for less than 10 hours per week are never inquired. This paper tries to fill this gap by looking into electronic government adoptability perspectives and expectations of such Internet users of Pakistan which are much greater in numbers than others. An amended UTAUT model with all its moderators is used in this study and the results demonstrate that performance level, ease of effort and social influence strongly effect behavioral intention of users in using electronic government services in Pakistan. The individual’s behavioral intention along with presence of appropriate facilitating conditions triggers use behavior of users. The results show that only gender moderates majority of UTAUT relationships and accordingly a modified UTAUT model is presented. The paper provides certain insights for people making policies and academicians for performing further research while it stresses for service proliferation with special attention towards female population.

The dawn of 21st Century has witnessed the need of establishing knowledge based society for which ICT (Information and Communication Technology) proved to be most potent instrument. Internet has been in prolific use throughout globe, especially India having the largest number of users. However, there is a great Digital Divide when we take it in terms of rural-urban divide, male-female divide and poor-rich divide. Rural and poor people have lesser access to internet. In order to address this digital divide, the Government of India initiated a project called ‘BharatNet’ which aims to provide broadband connectivity to the rural areas of the country. With this assumption in mind, the present paper intends to examine the implementation of the BharatNet project in the context of ascertaining the nature of digital in its progress in achieving the goals of Digital India.

Keywords: ICT; BharatNet; Internet; Wi-Fi; Digital India, Universal Service Obligation Fund

Using  data  from  the  multivariable, nationally  representative  Good  State  Public  Administration Opinion  Survey  carried  out  in  2017  by  the  Institute  for  Research  and  Development  on  State  and Governance at the National University of Public Service in Hungary, the aim of the paper is to test the  hypothesis  that  the  knowledge  gap  theory  can  be  applied  to  the  use  of  online  public administration  services:  higher  status  equals  not  only  wider  and  more  sophisticated  usage  of  ICT tools  (and  more  awareness  of  trust  in  the  Internet),  but  also  more  knowledge  about  public administration  procedures  themselves,  which  has  resulted  in  various  channel-preferences  and routines  among  the  users  of  different  public  services.  The  results  show  that  the  knowledge  gap clearly  exists  in terms  of  public  administration-related  knowledge  and  it  affects  the  choice  of channels for managing administrative issues.

E-governance system means the use of a range of modern Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) such as Internet, Local Area Network, and Mobiles etc, by Government to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, service delivery and to promote democracy.
Gujarat is a front line state in the implementation of e-governance policies & projects and setting up of key infrastructure for e-governance. This article deals with role of Gujarat e-governance system in improving Government to Government, Government to Citizen and Government to Business communication. This article also gives overview of system, E-governance system and benefits of e-governance.