Design Analysis

Couplings are elements used to connect two shafts during power transmission. Design of couplings plays a vital role in determining the power transmission capacity of the shaft at the rated rpm, which is very crucial. The design specification of coupling varies differently based on the requirements and involves a sequential design procedure which is tedious and time-consuming. This paper deals with developing a program code for the protected type flange coupling in an Object Oriented Programming (OOP) language like "PYTHON", which takes input (like required power input, no of rotations and desired factor of safety etc.) from designers, and then accordingly calculates the specifications of the coupling using design standard formulas and iterative procedures until the design meets the safe criteria. The final specifications are displayed along with the list of recommended materials for the coupling based on the design. The main objective of the paper is to write a generalized python program for the design of protected type flange couplings for any selected material considering all the design parameters. The activity tends to lead the manufacturing operations towards a more time-efficient, cost-effective and a more reliable and an optimised way of designing machine elements and aims to give better clarity to shop floor workers.

The main objective in the "Structural Analysis of gate leaf of Automatic outflow regulating gate system" is to achieve suitable design for Gate leaf proper. Finite element analysis of Gate leaf proper is taken for the study. Structural systems of Gate leaf can be easily analyzed using Finite Element techniques. So firstly a proper Finite Element Model is developed using Cad software Creo 1.0. Then static analysis is done to determine the Equivalent stresses, shear stress & total deformations etc in the present design for the given loading conditions in gate close position as well as gate open position using Finite Element Analysis Software ANSYS v 12. The analysis of gate leaf shows that stresses under both loading conditions are well below permissible limit.

In view of the tremendous production of computer data worldwide, there is a strong need for new powerful tools that can automatically generate useful knowledge from a variety of data, and present it in human-oriented forms. In efforts to satisfy this need, researchers have been exploring ideas and methods developed in machine learning, statistical data analysis, data mining, text mining, data visualization, pattern recognition, etc. The first part of this chapter is a compendium of ideas on the applicability of symbolic machine learning and logical data analysis methods toward this goal. The second part outlines a multistrategy methodology for an emerging research direction, called knowledge mining, by which we mean the derivation of high-level concepts and descriptions from data through symbolic reasoning involving both data and relevant background knowledge. The effective use of background as well as previously created knowledge in reasoning about new data makes it possible for the knowledge mining system to derive useful new knowledge not only from large amounts of data, but also from limited and weakly relevant data.

The application of CAD/CAM in design optimization of rotary tillage tool on the basis of finite element method and simulation method is done by using CAD-software for the structural analysis. The different tillage tool parts of rotary tillage tools are geometrically constrained with preparation of solid model and The Simulation is done with actual field performance rating parameters along with boundary conditions .The energy constrained for the tillage tool applications with 35Hp and 45Hp power tractor and estimated forces acting at soil-tool interface. The resultant effect on tillage blade and whole rotavator assembly is obtained from stress distribution and deformations plots. The proposed work results in identifying sufficient tolerance in changing the dimensions of rotavator frame sections and side gear box for removing the excess weight in a solid section and also to raise the weight of blade for a reliable strength. The present working model with tillage blade is analysed to new design constraints with change of its geometry for the maximum weed removal efficiency by presenting its practical results from the field performance.

The main objective in the “Optimization of gate leaf of Automatic outflow regulating gate system” is to achieve suitable design for Gate leaf proper. Finite element analysis of Gate leaf proper is taken for the study. Structural systems of Gate leaf can be easily analyzed using Finite Element techniques. So firstly a proper Finite Element Model is developed using Cad software Creo 1.0. Then static analysis is done to determine the Equivalent stresses, shear stress & total deformations etc in the present design for the given loading conditions in gate close position as well as gate open position using Finite Element Analysis Software ANSYS v 12. The analysis of gate leaf shows that stresses under both loading conditions are well below permissible limit. The new designed & optimized gate leaf is also analyzed to determine the von Misses stress, shear stress etc. Compared to existing design of gate leaf, new designed gate leaf has 30.38% less in weight while satisfying the permissible stress condition.

Metadata derive their action from their association to data and from the relationship they maintain with this data. An interpretation of this action is that the metadata lays claim to the data collection to which it is associated, where the claim is successful if the data collection gains quality as a result of it. We assume that the design process manifests itself in this way: the designer lays claim to data in such a way that this data gains quality. Claims form part of a complex adaptive system in which agreement on the quality of claims is achieved through correspondence. Applied in the context of a design studio, the result is a digital media library that is both the subject and result of the educational process. By teaching students how to express and utilise these claims and their qualities in their communication with peers, they can learn to become more effective in their use of information from various sources to support such communication. They will also learn how to build digital media libraries as a collective result of their communication. In this paper, we describe a methodology for adding, utilising and managing metadata and present some intermediate results from implementing this methodology into education.

The main objective in the "Structural Analysis of gate leaf of Automatic outflow regulating gate system" is to achieve suitable design for Gate leaf proper. Finite element analysis of Gate leaf proper is taken for the study. Structural systems of Gate leaf can be easily analyzed using Finite Element techniques. So firstly a proper Finite Element Model is developed using Cad software Creo 1.0. Then static analysis is done to determine the Equivalent stresses, shear stress & total deformations etc in the present design for the given loading conditions in gate close position as well as gate open position using Finite Element Analysis Software ANSYS v 12. The analysis of gate leaf shows that stresses under both loading conditions are well below permissible limit.

Most past approaches to data mining have been based on association rules. However, the simple application of association rules usually only changes the user's problem from dealing with millions of data points to dealing with thousands of rules. Although this may somewhat reduce the scale of the problem, it is not a completely satisfactory solution. This paper presents a new data mining technique, called knowledge cohesion (KC), which takes into account a domain ontology and the user's interest in exploring certain data sets to extract knowledge, in the form of semantic nets, from large data sets. The KC method has been successfully applied to mine causal relations from oil platform accident reports. In a comparison with association rule techniques for the same domain, KC has shown a significant improvement in the extraction of relevant knowledge, using processing complexity and knowledge manageability as the evaluation criteria.

After studying the unpublished sketches of the Spanish artist Pablo Palazuelo, this essay proposes the existence of geometric patterns that order his designs. To illustrate the proposal, this paper selects three representative projects by Palazuelo that attempt to demonstrate the presence of a working process related to a mathematical substrate. Specifically, the use of an irregular tiling is proposed for the creation of the following architectural elements: the scenery for a composition by Kandinsky (1950-1954), and the plan for a hotel on Princesa Street, Madrid, (1961). This study also examines the use of regular tessellations in the design of the ceilings of the Huarte Residence in Madrid, (1965). The treatises by Bourgoin and Ghyka have been selected from the library of Palazuelo as the primary theoretical bases of this study. This methodology constitutes a line of further research to analyze different architectural projects.
This paper is aviable at:
https://rdcu.be/bRCEY

ABSTRACT Within the Nordic Countries a four-year research programme in the area of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics was initiated in 1985. Seven laboratories from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden are participating in the programme. This programme aims to assess the leak-before-break (LBB) criteria for pressure vessels and piping. The major experimental effort of the programme is pressurization to rupture of large pressure vessels having dimensions resembling those of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel. The vessels used had been in operation for 20 years in a Finnish oil refinery plant. Artificial flaws were made on the inner wall of the vessels. The dimensions of the flaw were defined by calculations so that LBB condition was anticipated during the tests: Part of the materials characterization of the pressure vessels was carried out as a Nordic round-robin programme. The first pressure test was performed at +60°C, which was the lowest acceptable temperature for the hydrotest. The instrumentation used in the test included e.g. strain gauges on inner and outer vessel wall, crack opening displacement measurement with clip gauges, potential drop measurements and acoustic emission testing. A second test is scheduled for the summer 1988. The results of the test is reported and compared to calculations. The fracture behaviour is discussed.

According to both cybernetics and general system theory, a subject develops and uses an adequate model of a system to widen his/her knowledge about the system. Models are then the interface between a subject and a real-world system to solve problem and to construct knowledge. Hence, evaluating these models is crucial to ensure the quality of the constructed knowledge. We propose here an evaluation framework to assess complex models based on the intrinsic properties of these models as well as the properties of the derived knowledge. A series of 40 evaluation criteria are proposed under the four systemic axes: ontology, functioning, evolution and teleology. Through a case study, we show how our evaluation model allows both presenting a given model and assessing it.