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2010, Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online
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7 pages
1 file
In the title compound, C 11 H 18 N 2 2+ Á2ClO 4 À ÁH 2 O, one perchlorate anion is disordered over two orientations in a 0.66 (3):0.34 (3) ratio. Intermolecular O-HÁ Á ÁO, N-HÁ Á ÁO and C-HÁ Á ÁO hydrogen bonds link the cations, anions and water molecules into ribbons extending along [100]. Related literature For general background to the properties of perchlorate salts containing organic cations, see:
Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications, 2016
The asymmetric unit of the title hydrated molecular salt, C6H16N22+·2ClO4−·2H2O, contains a half dication (completed by inversion symmetry), a perchlorate anion and a water molecule. The extended structure consists of infinite chains of formula [(ClO4)H2O]nn−ions extending along thebaxis linked by Ow—H...O (w = water) hydrogen bonds. These chains are cross-linked by the dicationsviaN—H...Owand weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds, thus forming a three-dimensional supramolecular network. Three-dimensional Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint maps reveal that the structure is dominated by H...O/O...H and H...H contacts.
Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, 2010
Key indicators: single-crystal X-ray study; T = 100 K; mean (C-C) = 0.002 Å; R factor = 0.022; wR factor = 0.057; data-to-parameter ratio = 25.8.
2011
The structure of the title salt, C13H20N3O+center dot 0.94ClO(4)(-)center dot 0.06Cl(-), contains a zwitterionic Schiff base with a net positive charge and a perchlorate anion having substitutional disorder with Cl. In the cation, the azomethine N atom is protonated and donates hydrogen bonds to the phenolate O atom and to the tertiary N atom of the piperazine ring. In the crystal, two Schiff base molecules are linked about a center of inversion by a pair of N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds. The resulting dimers are N-H center dot center dot center dot O and C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonded to the perchlorate anions, forming a three-dimensional structure. The network is further consolidated by C-H center dot center dot center dot pi interactions.
Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, 2014
In the crystal structure of the title compound, C5H14N22+·2HC2O4−, the two crystallographically independent hydrogen oxalate anions are linked by strong intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming two independent corrugated chains parallel to thebaxis. These chains are further connected by N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds originating from the organic cations, forming a three-dimensional network. The diprotonated piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation, with the methyl group occupying an equatorial position.
Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, 2012
In the title hydrated salt, C16H38N42+·2ClO4−·H2O, the dication is protonated at the diagonally opposite N atoms proximate to the –C(CH3)2– groups. Within the cavity, there are two ammonium–amine N—H...N hydrogen bonds. Supramolecular layers are formed in the crystal packing whereby the water molecule links two perchlorate anions, and the resultant aggregates are connected to the dicationsviaN—H...O hydrogen bonds. Layers, with an undulating topology, stack along theaaxis being connected by C—H...O interactions.
2011
In the title compound, C6H17N32+center dot 2ClO(4)(-), the piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation with the ethylammonium fragment occupying an equatorial position. In the crystal, the dications and perchlorate anions are linked through N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonding and weak C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonding into a three-dimensional supramolecular network.
Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, 2008
Crystallography Reports, 2017
A proton transfer compound 2,6-dimethyl piperazine-1,4-diium perchlorate monohydrate was synthesized by slow evaporation at room temperature using 2,6-dimethyl piperazine as template. The asymmetric unit contains one organic dication, two crystal graphically independent perchlorate anions and one water molecule. Each organic entities is engaged in a large number of bifurcated and non-bifurcated N-H•••O (O) and C-H•••O hydrogen bonds with different species and enhanced the three dimensional supramolecular network. In addition, the diprotonated piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation with the methyl groups occupying equatorial positions.
Academia Oncology, 2024
Background: Age at menarche is an important risk factor for health and disease, including breast cancer. While emerging evidence indicates that prenatal exposures to certain chemicals in the environment result in increased risk of early age at menarche [EAM], much remains unknown. Because prenatal chemical exposures are an important public health concern, potentially modifiable, and offer opportunities for disease prevention, we conducted a scoping review to assess the associations and EAM. Objectives: This scoping review aims to explore human evidence from prospective epidemiology studies on the associations between prenatal chemical exposures and menarcheal timing. Methods: Searches conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS and Embase returned 149 papers. Based on established exclusion/inclusion criteria, we included twenty-two prospective studies in our analysis. We assessed several chemical categories, such as agricultural chemicals, metals, phthalates, phenols, biphenyls, per-polyfluoroalkyl [PFAS] substances, medications, and tobacco smoke in relation to EAM. Relevant information was then extracted from each study, tabulated, and synthesized. Results: Our scoping review found that prenatal exposures to atrazine, phytoestrogens, triclosan, 2,4-dichlorophenol, contraceptives, PFAS/PFOA, PCB chemicals, and tobacco smoke were associated with early menarche. These results are based on ancillary studies of parent prospective cohorts. Discussion: We found emerging evidence that certain chemicals to which girls were exposed to prenatally may have predisposed them to increased risk for EAM. There is a need for well-defined studies to investigate the links between exposure to chemicals and EAM.
Atlante tematico di topografia antica 31, 2021
The via Appia in the Pontine Plain did not replace, at first, the local road network, articulated since the Archaic period in trails in the foothills and side pathways to the coastline. The focus on improving connections between mountain towns and the via Appia can be noticed from the 2nd century BCE, fron engineering works of great effort. New trails appear in relation to the development of Forum Appii and to the commercialization of wine from Setia. La via Appia nella pianura Pontina, dato il tracciato e il suo carattere, non sostituì inizialmente la maglia della viabilità lovcale, articolata già da età arcaica in tracciati pedemontani e perorsi trasversali per la costa. L'attenzione al potenziamento dei collegamenti dei centri montani alla via Appia si coglie nel II secolo a.C. con opere di ingegneria di forte impegno. Nuovi tracciati appaiono in relazione allo sviluppo di Forum Appii e alla commercializzazione del vino setino. Già negli anni successivi all'apertura della via Appia, tra Forum Appii e ad Medias è proponibile che sia stato strutturato un tracciato verso Circeii, di rilievo sia politico che economico.
International Journal of Language Studies, 2024
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