By reevaluating the enigmatic ḥṭr ḥlbbh in the Panamuwa I inscription and its controversial meaning "kingship, succession, prosperity" (Lemaire & Sass 2013; Tropper 1993; Dion 1974; Koopmans 1962; Poebel 1932; Lidzbarski 1911; etc.), we suggest that 9th-century-BCE Sam'alian still preserved the phonological distinction between Proto-Semitic /ḥ/ and /ḫ/, both of which were written using {ḥ}. This view allows an interpretation of ḥlbbh in the Panamuwa I inscription based on the Akkadian elēpu "to blossom, to sprout”, cf. līpu “offspring, posterity” (< ḤLP). This reading is consistent with etymology and thus avoids us relying primarily on conjecture in relation to the given epigraphic context. Our suggestion is an excellent fit with royal iconography in Syro-Hittite culture.
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