Psycho-Social Factors Affecting Personality

IRJMSH Vol 13 Issue 3 [Year 2022] ISSN 2277 – 9809 (0nline) 2348–9359 (Print) Psycho-Social Factors Affecting Personality Gadewal, Aditya* and Gadewal, Amit** *Sports Officer, Govt. College Badwara, Dist.- Katni, M.P. **Guest Faculty-Social work, Govt. P.G. College Alirajpur, M.P. ABSTRACT Personality is a concept to be used to recognize stability and consistency of behavior across different situations, uniqueness of the person and individual differences. Personality is a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior. It is determined by various physical, psychological and environmental factors. Personality can be termed as the combination of qualities mental, physical, and moral that sets one part from others. Having a strong personality is the key to success. This is also a key determinant of good leadership. A good personality enables one to establish self control and self direction to discover the reality of freedom; of choice. A person with a positive attitude can direct his thoughts, control his emotions and regulate his attitude. In order to have a good personality, self development is needed. An executive’s self is the sum total of all that he can call his own. A review of the history of personality traits, the recent attempt of define and limit personality structure to the ‘Big Five’, and the influence of these and related traits on behavior, which also details the theoretical emphases associated with the various approaches, especially in the current century. Keywords: Personality Factors, dimension of Personality etc. INTRODUCTION Personality can be termed as the combination of qualities mental, physical, and moral that sets one part from others. Personality is a concept to be used to recognize stability and consistency of behavior across different situations, uniqueness of the person and individual differences. There are controversies among psychologist to define personalities. The word personality has been derived from the latin word “persona” at first this word was used for the mask wear by actors in ancient times, to indicate to the audiences whether they played the villian’s or the hero’s role in a drama, thus the mask gave the actor his characteristics features. Personality includes the behavior patterns a person shows across situation or the psychological characteristics of the person that lead to those behavior patterns. Personality is the total quality of an individual behavior as it is shown in his habit, thoughts, attitudes, interest, his manner of acting and his personal philosophy of life . It is totality of his being. It includes his physical , mental , emotional and temperament make up and how it shows itself in behavior. The term of personality is used by all sections of people on certain occasions during the courses of their conversations about a person. The concerned person may be young or old, male or female, a person of ordinary type or person of great eminence. Weather they have known the International Research Journal of Management Sociology & Humanity ( IRJMSH ) www.irjmsh.com Page 166 IRJMSH Vol 13 Issue 3 [Year 2022] ISSN 2277 – 9809 (0nline) 2348–9359 (Print) person very well or known simply from what other say. They attribute some characteristics to the person and admire with some pleasant words that he is an attractive, pleasant, agreeable, dynamic, friendly, uncontroversial, person of outstanding ability and so on it may be also stated that he have a very good personality. They are attractive or the person is not so good looking, very forceful, not friendly, quarrelsome. Thus the person is described in term of some traits or characteristics. This is what we observe in the common sense world in utilizing the concept of personality, but it does not mean that what we cannot say that the common sense observation is totally wrong or incorrect. This is what the psychologist’s state as social attraction. Dimension of Personality: Big Five personality traits such as: 1. Extraversion: Extraverts enjoy being people, are full of energy, and often experience positive emotions. They tend to be enthusiastic, action-oriented, individuals who are likely to say “Yes!” or “Let’s go!” to opportunities for excitement in groups they like to talk, assert themselves, and draw attention to themselves. 2. Agreeableness: Agreeableness reflects the individual differences in terms of cooperation and social cohesion. Thanks to the individual values that accompany others. Therefore, they are considered friendly, generous, helpful and willing to compromise their interests with others. People who are not yet acceptable have an optimistic view of human nature. They believe that peopleare fundamentally honest, worthy and trustworthy. Disagreeable persons put a personal interest over others. In general, they are not worried about the well-being of others and are unlikely to spread to other people. His skepticism about the motives of others makes her sometimes suspicious, unfriendly and uncooperative. 3. Conscientiousness: Conscientiousness refers to the way we control, regulate and control our impulses. The impulses are not inherently bad; sometimes, time constraints require a quick decision, and act after our first impulse can be an effective response. Spontaneous and impulsive work can also be fun in game time rather than work. Impelling individuals can be seen by other people as picturesque, funny and strange. However, reacting to impulses can cause problems in several ways. Some impulses are antisocial. Uncontrolled social acts not only hurt other members of society, but they can also lead to the reward of the author of these impulsive acts. Another problem with impulsive acts is that they often have direct rewards, but unintended consequences in the long term. Some examples include excessive socialization that causes someone to withdraw from work, an insult that causes the collapse of an important relationship or the use of stimulants that eventually destroy the health of a person. 4. Neuroticism: Freud originally used the term neurosis to describe a condition marked by mental distress, emotional suffering and an inability to cope effectively with the normal demands of life. he suggested that everyone shows some signs of nevrosis, but that we differ in our degree of suffering and our specific symptoms of distress. Today neuroticism refers to the tendency to experience negative feeling. 5. Openness: The Openness describes a dimension of cognitive style that distinguishes imaginative and creative people from conventional humans on Earth. Open-minded people are intellectually curious, appreciative of art and sensitive to beauty. They tend to compare with International Research Journal of Management Sociology & Humanity ( IRJMSH ) www.irjmsh.com Page 167 IRJMSH Vol 13 Issue 3 [Year 2022] ISSN 2277 – 9809 (0nline) 2348–9359 (Print) closed people who are more aware of their feelings. They tend to think and act in an individualistic and noncompliant way. Intellectuals usually get a great opening; therefore; this factor was also called intellect. Factors Affecting Personality Development  Heredity: Heredity is something that passes from generation to generation. It is due to the genetic transfer from parents to children. That is the skill and traits that pass from parents to children as it is.  Physique: Physique of a person affected his personality that is his/her enduring, biological makeup affects his personality. The body types are short and stout, tall and thin; muscular and well proportioned the body type will be a factor of personality.  Biological Factor: The endocrine glands like thyroid, parathyroid pituitary gland, adrenal gland etc. will affect personality of a person. This ability enables him to mould the social environment according to his requirements.  Intelligence: Persons who are very intelligent can make better adjustment is social environment. Family: First and the foremost factor that influences the personality development of a person in his family. Parent’s behavior and attitude, their expectations from the child, their education and attention to the child, influence the child’s personality. The type of experience received from family in early childhood will play an important development of personality. Economic and social condition of the family will also influences a child’s personality. School: Next social factor that affect the child’s personal development in the school. School atmosphere and discipline affects personality development of a child. Teacher’s personality and character, peer students attitude and character all influences personality of a child’s development. Early experience: One’s experience is influencing the personality of a person. Bitter experience and positive experience suffered by person early in the stage of life is also affects personality of a person. Success and Failures: Success and failures suffered in the also play a key role in developing personality of a person. It may play as a role of motivation and demotivation in a person’s life. Cultural: The cultural traditions, values accepted in a particular society are the cultural environment. These factors influence development of child’s personality. Physical and social: Physical and social environment such as country of birth and living will also affects the development of a child’s personality. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the notion of personality traits has received widespread acceptance in light of the universal consistencies shown in individuals behaviors and responsivities to situational stimuli. Personality is what makes a person a unique, and it is recognizable soon after birth. A International Research Journal of Management Sociology & Humanity ( IRJMSH ) www.irjmsh.com Page 168