FYP report

The electrical grid in most of the developing countries has inefficiencies in different areas such as transmission and distribution, power quality, grid reliability and system protection. These inadequacies in grid operations and asset protection, along with revenue leakage constitute an overall troubled energy profile. The fixes usually proposed in this regard are directed at reducing distribution network losses and improving residential and commercial demand side management. Lessons from the residential and commercial implementation of smart meters can be extended to industrial consumers to help relieve grid congestion and achieve better efficiency goals. This paper reviews smart meter technology and applications across residential, commercial and industrial sectors. We point out the areas for power quality and energy efficiency improvement within industries and propose ways for achieving them through smart meters, specifically in the context of Pakistan. We have incorporated empirical evidence from experimental setup at our university grid as proof of concept. We have also elaborated on the implementation methodology to avoid the possible pitfalls in the proposed solution.

IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology, 2014

Smart grid is the future for the conventional power systems. In Pakistan, many energy projects are completed and some of them are under still in implementation phase. The aim of this paper is to highlight the prosperous developments in energy sector for the smart grid implementation. The basic objective that is targeted is to have sufficient energy production as compared to connected load at the distribution section. We provide a detail overview of the running projects, past projects, and future projects for the smart grid implementation in Pakistan. The first basic step towards smart system is to have sufficient generation than demand of the consumers. Our paper highlights the energy potential in Pakistan and various energy statistics, such as installed capacity.

Energies

Smart grid plays a vital role in energy management systems. It helps to mitigate the demand side management of electricity by managing the microgrid. In the modern era, the concept of hybrid microgrids emerged which helps the smart grid management of electricity. Additionally, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology is used to integrate the hybrid microgrid. Thus, various policies and topologies are employed to perform the task meticulously. Pakistan being an energy deficient country has recently introduced some new policies such as Energy Wheeling Policy (EWP), Energy Import Policy (EIP), and Net Metering/Distributed Generation Policy (NMP) to manage the electricity demand effectively. In addition, the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act (EECA) has also been introduced. In this paper, we present the overview and impact of these policies in the context of the local energy market and modern information and communication mechanisms proposed for smart grids. These new policies prima...

Fifth International Conference on Computing, Communications and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), 2014

This paper describes the reasons behind the crisis in energy sector and the actual status of the energy supply demand gap. With old infrastructure and increasing demand for electricity, Pakistan critically needs the addition in the current energy production and also efficient utilization. Pakistan is incapable to fulfil its energy demands, and the energy crisis is damaging the economy growth and we want to efficiently manage the power system in the current crisis scenario. There are challenges to smartly manage the power system and opportunities for new technologies to be implemented. Smart grid technology is the state of the art technology to manage the power system. The main objective of this study is to discuss the role of smart grid to the integration of renewable energies and cut down the energy produced from oil and gas. We discuss the potential of renewable energies and available wireless technologies in Pakistan that can be applied in smart grids along with the proposed techniques to interconnect the national power system and organizations. In this study, we also find the smart grid as the best option and show that how a smart grid can manage the energy system and how this technology can be implemented in this country. We describe the basic building blocks for smart grid technology and offered an approach for applying suitable applications of the smart grid in Pakistan.

A smart grid is an electrical grid which includes a variety of operation and energy measures including smart meters, smart appliances, renewable energy resources, and energy efficient resources. Electronic power conditioning and control of the production and distribution of electricity are important aspects of the smart grid.

ACADlore, 2024

Electricity remains one of the most vital resources for industrial, domestic, and agricultural applications. However, electricity theft has emerged as a significant challenge, contributing to substantial power losses and severe economic repercussions for utility companies. This study examines the role of smart meters (SMs) in minimizing electricity theft and reducing energy losses by transitioning from traditional analogue meters to advanced SMs equipped with automated billing and metering systems. Data collected from the SM system in the Akre energy distribution network reveal that, following the implementation of SMs, overall electrical power losses were reduced by 17.1%, while theft incidents decreased by 96.4%. These results demonstrate that the deployment of SMs significantly contributes to lowering total power losses and yields considerable financial benefits for both utility providers (UPs) and consumers. Moreover, the system enhances the ability to remotely monitor and control customer meters, allowing continuous oversight of meter readings without requiring physical visits. This remote functionality strengthens theft prevention measures, improves grid reliability, and reduces operational costs. The findings highlight the potential of the SM system in advancing power efficiency and promoting a more secure and cost-effective energy distribution network.

This purpose of this research is to provide some enhancement in the conventional Metering system by smart metering. The term Smart Meter is an advanced energy meter that measures consumption of electrical energy providing additional information compared to a conventional energy meter. Integration of smart meters into electricity grid involves implementation of a variety of techniques and software, depending on the features that the situation demands. Design of a smart meter depends on the requirements of the utility company as well as the customer. In this research report will discuss various features and technologies that can be integrated with a smart meter. In fact, deployment of smart meters needs proper selection and implementation of a communication network satisfying the security standards of smart grid communication. In this Report outlines various issues and challenges involved in design, deployment, utilization, and maintenance of the smart meter infrastructure. In addition, several applications and advantages of smart meter, in the view of future electricity market are discussed in detail. In this Report explains the importance of introducing smart meters in developing countries like UAE to enhance the energy management and validation rules.

2014

his paper dwells on the need to integrate existing traditional sources of supply and the renewable sources in order to establish a new energy system which is energy efficient, reliable, controllable, secure, compatible, economical and sustainable. Smart grid can overcome existing and future challenges in a cost effective manner. In this paper, the main focus is on the smart grid infrastructure, its capabilities, communication scenarios, technologies and energy management. The implementation of the vision of modernized intelligent smart grid can overcome problems and challenges of traditional electricity grids and utilities. The paper also focuses on the services and factors that attract the consumers and utilities to change the way they operate in order to improve the current services. Various measures are proposed to help in implementation and adoption of smart grid vision in Pakistan. Finally, paper presents smart grid research programs, deployments, issues and concerns.

This paper focuses on the design and implementation of the Smart Grid (SG) through efficient use of the accessible resources with slight modification. The main part of the our work is the fabrication of a cost effective GMS based smart energy meter which displays readings on LCD, the instant power consumption at user side, sends and receives information from Grid through GSM modem. The power consumption on grid station of each user is continuously monitored and recorded through SMS caster and C# based Graphical User Interface. A specified load is permitted to each user; if the load exceeds the limit then a warning is send to the specific user by SMS Caster to reduce the load within specified limits to avoid electricity cut off after 10 minutes. Home Energy Management unit is designed and fabricated for easy monitoring and control of house hold appliances on the Graphical User Interface to facilitate the user, it involves the implementation of IEEE 802.14.5 ZigBee protocol.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017

With the advancement in technologies, the power requirement around the globe is tremendously increasing, putting extra loads on grids. The existing grids cannot bear that load and also do not provide the interface with Distributed Renewable Energy Sources (DRES). Building new lines and substations alone do not serve the purpose of overcoming energy shortfall. Thus a major transformation in electricity infrastructure is need of the hour to meet the ever growing demands of electricity. Converting current power management system to a smart autonomic system is pertinent to achieve an increasing amount of renewable energy generation. This paper presents a comprehensive review of advances in control of smart grids. Various robust and adaptive strategies are spotlighted with a detailed description of control of overloads and power smart grids. Also, power generation, storage and management techniques and development of operational schedule of sources and loads are elaborated. Recently reported systems and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) techniques in smart grid are highlighted. Renewable energy has potential to eliminate the current electricity crisis in Pakistan's energy sector. The solar, wind, hydro and biogas/biomass are the alternative energy resources found abundantly in the country, which have tremendous potential to offer environment-friendly energy solutions. This in-depth study reveals that a lot of opportunities and potential of smart grid technology exist in developing countries like Pakistan that need to be exploited so as to cope with energy crisis.