BS EN

BS EN 197-2:2014 BSI Standards Publication Cement Part 2: Conformity evaluation BS EN 197-2:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 197-2:2014. It supersedes BS EN 197-2:2000 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/516, Cement and lime. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. © The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 77018 0 ICS 91.100.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2014. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM January 2014 ICS 91.100.10 Supersedes EN 197-2:2000 English Version Cement - Part 2: Conformity evaluation Ciment - Partie 2: Evaluation de la conformité Zement - Teil 2: Konformitätsbewertung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 November 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 197-2:2014 E BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Contents Page Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................4 1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................5 2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................5 3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................5 4 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 Factory production control by the manufacturer ...............................................................................7 General requirements ............................................................................................................................7 Concept ...................................................................................................................................................7 Works' quality manual ...........................................................................................................................7 Management systems ...........................................................................................................................8 System of documentation .....................................................................................................................8 Internal quality control ..........................................................................................................................9 Process control ......................................................................................................................................9 Measuring and testing ...........................................................................................................................9 Handling, storage, packaging and delivery ........................................................................................9 Autocontrol testing of samples ............................................................................................................9 Sampling and testing ............................................................................................................................9 Corrective action................................................................................................................................. 10 Measuring and test equipment for autocontrol testing .................................................................. 10 Quality records.................................................................................................................................... 10 5 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.4 Tasks for the product certification body .......................................................................................... 10 General ................................................................................................................................................. 10 Continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the factory production control .......... 11 Inspection tasks .................................................................................................................................. 11 Frequency of inspections .................................................................................................................. 11 Reports ................................................................................................................................................ 11 Evaluation of the results of autocontrol testing of samples .......................................................... 11 Evaluation tasks.................................................................................................................................. 11 Number and timing of evaluations .................................................................................................... 11 Control period ..................................................................................................................................... 11 Evaluation of test results ................................................................................................................... 11 Reports ................................................................................................................................................ 12 Audit testing of samples taken at the factory/depot and determination of the product-type by testing ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Sampling .............................................................................................................................................. 12 Number of samples............................................................................................................................. 12 Properties and test methods ............................................................................................................. 12 Testing ................................................................................................................................................. 12 Evaluation of test results ................................................................................................................... 13 Reports ................................................................................................................................................ 13 Proficiency testing .............................................................................................................................. 13 Initial inspection of the factory and the factory production control ............................................. 13 Inspection of a new factory ............................................................................................................... 13 Inspection of an existing factory....................................................................................................... 13 Criteria for the assessment of the production equipment ............................................................. 13 Criteria for the assessment of laboratories ..................................................................................... 14 Reports ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Evaluation of test results during the initial period .......................................................................... 14 Initial period ......................................................................................................................................... 14 Evaluation of test results ................................................................................................................... 14 Reports ................................................................................................................................................ 14 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.4.6 5.4.7 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5.3 5.5.4 5.5.5 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3 2 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 6 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 Actions in the event of non-conformity ............................................................................................ 15 Actions to be taken by the manufacturer .......................................................................................... 15 Actions to be taken by the product certification body .................................................................... 15 Following continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the factory production control (see 5.2) and evaluation of the results of autocontrol testing (see 5.3) ........................... 15 Following evaluation of the results of the audit testing of samples taken at the factory/depot (see 5.4 and Annex A) ................................................................................................. 15 7 Procedure for third party certification of constancy of performance of the product .................. 16 8 8.1 8.2 Certificate of constancy of performance of the product and conformity mark ............................ 16 Indication of constancy of performance of the product .................................................................. 16 Certificate of constancy of performance of the product ................................................................. 16 9 9.1 9.2 9.2.1 9.2.2 9.3 9.3.1 Requirements for dispatching centres .............................................................................................. 17 General requirements ......................................................................................................................... 17 Tasks for the intermediary.................................................................................................................. 17 Measures to maintain the cement quality ......................................................................................... 17 Confirmation autocontrol testing of samples taken at the dispatching centre ............................ 17 Tasks for the third party ..................................................................................................................... 18 Continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the measures to maintain the cement quality and of the confirmation autocontrol ....................................................................... 18 Audit testing of samples taken at the dispatching centre .............................................................. 18 Decisions to be taken .......................................................................................................................... 18 9.3.2 9.3.3 Annex A (normative) Evaluation of the representativeness and the accuracy of the 28 day strength test results ............................................................................................................................ 21 A.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 21 A.2 Sets of results considered.................................................................................................................. 21 A.3 Evaluation procedure .......................................................................................................................... 21 Annex B (informative) Procedure for certification of constancy of performance of cement .................... 24 Annex C (informative) Comparison of terminology according to the CPD and the CPR .......................... 25 Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................................... 26 Tables Table 1 — Actions to be taken by the product certification body in the event of non-conformity of the results of autocontrol and/or audit testing.............................................................................................. 19 Table 2 — Confirmation and audit testing of samples of certified cement taken at dispatching centres: properties and minimum testing frequencies a ............................................................................. 20 Table A.1 — Symbols ....................................................................................................................................... 22 Table A.2 — Numerical criteria for masonry cement conforming to EN 413–1 ......................................... 23 Table A.3 — Numerical criteria for calcium aluminate cement conforming to EN 14647 ......................... 23 Table C.1 — Comparison of terminology according to the CPD and the CPR .......................................... 25 3 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Foreword This document (EN 197-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 197-2:2000. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. Compared to the version EN 197-2:2000, the following major changes have been made in this document: — use of the terminology given by the Construction Products Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 305/2011) and comparison with the earlier terminology according to the Construction Products Directive (Directive 89/106/EEC) (Annex C); — link between this European Standard and Annexes ZA of European Standards covering cements; — guidance concerning the uncertainty of measurements in the evaluation of test results; — numerical criteria for the evaluation procedure for calcium aluminate cement conforming to EN 14647, (Annex A); — figure describing the procedure for certification of constancy of performance of cement in a new factory or of a new type of cement in an existing factory (Annex B). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. 4 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the scheme for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of cements to their corresponding product specification standards, including certification of constancy of performance by a product certification body. The standard provides technical rules for factory production control by the manufacturer, including autocontrol testing of samples, and for the tasks of the product certification body. It also provides rules for actions to be followed in the event of non-conformity, the procedure for the AVCP and requirements for dispatching centres. In this European Standard, the word “cement” is used to refer both to common cements as defined in EN 197-1 and to other cements and binders for which the relevant product specification standard makes reference to this European Standard and which are submitted for certification. Such a cement is produced at a given factory and belongs to a particular type and a particular strength class, as defined and specified in the relevant product specification standard. The guidelines given in the Technical Report CEN/TR 14245 [1] 1) should be used for the application of this European Standard. This European Standard should be linked with Annexes ZA of European Standards covering cements and binders, i.e. EN 197-1, EN 14216, EN 14647, EN 413-1, EN 15743, in particular for the assignments of tasks to the manufacturer and to the product certification body. NOTE The reason for having drafted this separate document is that the provisions it includes are applicable to different products covered by different European Standards. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement - Part 7: Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement EN 413-1, Masonry cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria EN 14647, Calcium aluminate cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria ISO 2854, Statistical interpretation of data - Techniques of estimation and tests relating to means and variances 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 AVCP abbreviation for assessment and verification of constancy of performance 1) CEN/TR 14245 is currently in preparation and will revise CR 14245:2001. 5 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 3.2 certificate of constancy of performance of the product document issued under the rules of the scheme for the AVCP indicating that adequate confidence is provided that cement is in conformity with the relevant product specification standard 3.3 conformity mark protected mark applied on the basis of the certificate of constancy of performance of the product (see 3.2) 3.4 certified cement cement for which a certificate of constancy of performance of the product (see 3.2) has been issued 3.5 initial period immediate period starting after the first issuing of the certificate of constancy of performance of the product for a cement and at the latest from the first dispatching of cement 3.6 product certification body impartial body, governmental or non-governmental, possessing the necessary competence and responsibility to carry out AVCP according to given rules of procedure and management 3.7 factory production control documented, permanent and internal control of production in a factory, in accordance with the relevant harmonized technical specifications 3.8 factory facility used by a manufacturer for the production of cement using equipment which is suitable for continuous mass production of cement including, in particular, equipment for adequate grinding and homogenization and the necessary silo capacity for the storage and dispatch of each cement produced Note 1 to entry: This equipment and the production control applied allow the control of production with sufficient accuracy to ensure that the requirements of the relevant product specification standard are met. 3.9 new factory factory which is not already producing cement(s) certified using this European Standard 3.10 existing factory factory which is already producing cement(s) certified using this European Standard 3.11 depot bulk cement handling facility (not located at the factory) used for the dispatch of cement (whether in bulk or bagged) after transfer or storage where the manufacturer has full responsibility for all aspects of the quality of the cement 3.12 dispatching centre facility (not located at the factory) for handling and dispatching of cement (received in bulk or in any other condition) by activities that shall not modify the characteristics or the integrity of the product received from the manufacturer, where an intermediary has full responsibility for all aspects of the quality of the cement 6 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 3.13 intermediary natural or legal person who takes from the manufacturer or the importer cement certified using this European Standard and bearing the conformity mark, taking full responsibility for maintaining in a cement handling facility all aspects of the quality of the cement and who supplies the cement onwards to a further person 3.14 determination of the product-type determination of the set of representative performance levels or classes of a construction product, in relation to its essential characteristics, on the basis of type testing (including sampling), type calculation, tabulated values or descriptive documentation of the product 3.15 confirmation autocontrol testing continual testing carried out by an intermediary which consists of testing of samples taken by the intermediary at the point(s) of release from the dispatching centre 3.16 works’ quality manual document that provides information on the factory production control which is applied by a manufacturer at a particular factory to ensure conformity of the cement with the requirements of this European Standard and the relevant product specification standard 4 Factory production control by the manufacturer 4.1 General requirements 4.1.1 Concept Factory production control means the permanent internal control of cement production exercised by the manufacturer and consists of internal quality control (see 4.2) complemented by autocontrol testing of samples of cement taken at the point of release 2) (see 4.3). NOTE The requirements of this European Standard as regards factory production control take account of those clauses of EN ISO 9001 [2] which are relevant to the production, process control and testing of cement. 4.1.2 Works' quality manual The manufacturer's documentation and procedures for factory production control shall be described in a Works' quality manual, which shall adequately describe, amongst other things: a) the quality aims and the organizational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to product quality and the means to monitor the achievement of the required product quality and the effective operation of the internal quality control (see 4.1.3); b) the manufacturing and quality control techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used (see 4.2.1, 4.2.3 and 4.3.2); c) the inspections and tests that will be carried out before, during and after manufacture, and the frequency with which they will be carried out (see 4.2.2, 4.3.1 and 4.3.3). 2) This testing corresponds also to the “further testing of samples” mentioned in Annex V Section 1.1 point (a) (ii) of the Construction Products Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 305/2011). 7 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) The Works' quality manual prepared by the manufacturer for each factory shall include an adequate system of documentation (see 4.1.4 and 4.3.4). The Works' quality manual shall address and document the procedures operated to ensure that the manufactured cement conforms to the technical specifications. The manual may reference associated documents which provide further details of the autocontrol testing of samples and the internal quality control. For the purpose of this scheme, the term Works' quality manual shall be considered to include these associated documents. In the case of an existing quality management system according to EN ISO 9001, the product certification body may examine if the corresponding quality manual meets all the requirements of this European Standard which are relevant to the factory production control of cement. Provided all the requirements are included, this quality manual may also be applied for product certification. 4.1.3 4.1.3.1 Management systems Quality policy statement The Works' quality manual shall include a statement by management defining its quality policy, objectives and commitments to the attainment of product quality. 4.1.3.2 Management representative The manufacturer shall appoint a management representative who, irrespective of other responsibilities, shall have defined and adequate authority and responsibility for ensuring that the requirements of this European Standard for the AVCP are implemented and maintained. 4.1.3.3 Internal audits and management review In order to ensure the continuing suitability and effectiveness of the Work’s quality manual to meet the requirements of this European Standard, the manufacturer shall perform at least once per year: a) internal audits covering the scope of this Clause 4 and 6.1; b) a management review of the functioning and the results of the factory production control, taking into account records of the internal audits. 4.1.3.4 Training The Works' quality manual shall describe the measures taken to ensure that all the personnel involved in operations that can affect internal quality control and product quality have appropriate experience or training. Appropriate records shall be retained. 4.1.4 4.1.4.1 System of documentation Document control The management representative shall be responsible for the control of all documents and data related to factory production control and to this scheme for the AVCP. This control shall ensure that the appropriate issues of all documents are available at essential locations, that obsolete documents are withdrawn and that changes or modifications to any document are effectively introduced. The manufacturer shall have a system to identify the current version of documents in order to prevent the use of non-applicable documents. 8 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 4.1.4.2 Quality records The manufacturer shall retain records to provide evidence of factory production control for at least the period required to comply with relevant legislation. 4.2 Internal quality control 4.2.1 Process control 4.2.1.1 General The Works' quality manual shall describe the parameters for process planning, process control and testing, inspection, corrective action, verification, dispatch and the associated records. 4.2.1.2 Constituents and composition of cement The manufacturer shall establish documented procedures and appropriate test methods to ensure that the constituents meet the requirements of the relevant product specification standard and are suitable to enable cement to be produced meeting the technical specification. The Works' quality manual shall describe the methods used by the manufacturer to ensure that the composition of the cement produced conforms to the relevant product specification standard, including appropriate test methods. 4.2.1.3 Control of off-specification production The Works' quality manual shall contain procedures to ensure that off-specification production is adequately managed. 4.2.2 Measuring and testing 4.2.2.1 Inspection, measuring and test equipment The equipment for in-process inspection and testing shall be regularly checked and calibrated in accordance with the procedures and frequencies laid down in the Works' quality manual. 4.2.2.2 Inspection and test status Procedures for the inspection and test status through the stages of manufacture shall be detailed in the Works' quality manual. These shall include procedures for the control of off-specification intermediate materials. 4.2.3 Handling, storage, packaging and delivery The Works' quality manual shall describe the precautions taken for the protection of the quality of the cement while under the responsibility of the manufacturer. It shall include a description of the procedures used at depots. Delivery documentation shall allow traceability to the producing works. 4.3 4.3.1 Autocontrol testing of samples Sampling and testing The manufacturer shall operate a system of autocontrol testing for each certified cement. This system shall be used to demonstrate conformity to the requirements in the clause entitled “Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP” in the relevant product specification standard. The properties to be tested, 9 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) the testing methods, the minimum frequency of autocontrol testing during routine testing and initial period testing and the conformity criteria shall be in accordance with the requirements given in the clause entitled “Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP” in the relevant product specification standard. For cements not being dispatched continuously, the frequency of testing and the point of sampling shall be as specified in the Works' quality manual. NOTE In earlier versions of product standards the title of the clause “Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP” is or was “Conformity criteria”. All test data shall be documented. 4.3.2 Corrective action The Works' quality manual shall document procedures for the review and adjustment of the factory production control in case of non-conformity (see 6.1). The actions taken in the event of non-conformity shall be recorded in a report subject to inspection during the management review. In the event of cement yielding a test result not conforming to the single result limit value conformity criteria specified in the relevant product specification standard, the manufacturer shall immediately determine the affected quantity, take appropriate action to prevent the dispatch of this quantity and inform the affected customer if such cement has been released. In addition, the manufacturer shall immediately determine the causes of such non-conformity, take corrective actions and undertake a review of all relevant factory production control procedures. All such actions and findings shall be appropriately recorded in a report subject to inspection during the management review. The product certification body may require to be kept informed of these actions and findings. 4.3.3 Measuring and test equipment for autocontrol testing The equipment used for autocontrol testing shall be regularly checked and calibrated in accordance with procedures and frequencies laid down in the Works' quality manual. These procedures may include comparison of compressive strength test results by proficiency testing according to ISO/IEC 17043 [6], see also 5.4.7. 4.3.4 Quality records The manufacturer shall retain records of the autocontrol test results and appropriate records on test equipment for at least the period required to comply with relevant legislation. 5 Tasks for the product certification body 5.1 General The product certification body (see 3.6) has responsibility for the certification of constancy of performance of the product. NOTE Details of the tasks are given in Annex ZA of the relevant product standard. The product certification body should comply with those clauses of EN ISO/IEC 17065, EN ISO/IEC 17020 and EN ISO/IEC 17025 which are relevant to this European Standard. 10 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 5.2 5.2.1 Continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the factory production control Inspection tasks The inspection tasks include continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the factory production control operated by the manufacturer. Inspection shall include checking that any major change in the Works' quality manual which is relevant to the factory production control of cement has been reported to the product certification body by the manufacturer within one month of its implementation. Inspection shall verify that the factory production control complies with the requirements of Clause 4 and has been carried out according to the Works' quality manual. 5.2.2 Frequency of inspections The inspections shall normally be carried out once per year and the product certification body shall inform the manufacturer in advance when an inspection is to be made. 5.2.3 Reports Following each inspection, a confidential report shall be prepared and sent to the manufacturer by the product certification body. The manufacturer shall, if appropriate, advise the product certification body of any corrective actions taken or planned to be taken following receipt of the report. The product certification body shall then make a decision on its final assessment. 5.3 5.3.1 Evaluation of the results of autocontrol testing of samples Evaluation tasks Continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the factory production control includes evaluation of the test results of the manufacturer's autocontrol testing to check conformity to the statistical conformity criteria and single result limit values in the relevant product specification standard. 5.3.2 Number and timing of evaluations The number of evaluations of the results of autocontrol testing of samples shall be at least two per year. The timing of the evaluations should be decided in advance. 5.3.3 Control period The length of the control period for evaluation of the autocontrol test results shall be as specified in the clause entitled “Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP” in the relevant product specification standard, or equal to the initial period (see 5.6.1) in the case of a newly certified cement. 5.3.4 Evaluation of test results Each evaluation shall be made on the test results obtained on all autocontrol samples of a given certified cement, without selection, taken during the control period preceding the date of the evaluation or during the initial period as the case may be. The evaluation of the test results should exclude any test result accepted as an outlier by the product certification body, e.g. in the case of identified sampling and testing errors. 11 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) In the case of managed step changes in product properties or in the case of limited production or dispatching runs during the control period the corresponding data sets may be evaluated separately. The evaluations may normally be carried out by correspondence and each evaluation shall lead, for the property examined, to a single conclusion in respect of the set of test results as a whole. The product certification body shall take into account whether all necessary corrective actions and measures to prevent non-conforming cement from delivery have been taken by the manufacturer. 5.3.5 Reports Following each evaluation a confidential report shall be prepared and a copy sent to the manufacturer by the product certification body. 5.4 Audit testing of samples taken at the factory/depot and determination of the producttype by testing 5.4.1 Sampling Spot samples shall be taken under the responsibility of the product certification body at the point(s) of release of cement from the factory and/or depots supplied with cement by the factory. These are taken principally in order to provide a check on the accuracy of the manufacturer's test results. Representatives of the product certification body shall be granted access to the factory/depots at any time without giving prior notice in order to allow the samples to be taken. 5.4.2 Number of samples The number of samples taken shall be at least six per year for each certified cement dispatched continuously from the factory. When certain certified cements are not dispatched continuously, this frequency and the point of sampling may be altered by mutual agreement between the product certification body and the manufacturer. The first sample of a cement to be certified is used for determination of the product-type. The number of samples to be taken during the initial period (see 5.6.1) shall be at least one per month. 5.4.3 Properties and test methods The mechanical, physical and chemical properties specified for testing in the clause entitled “Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP” in the relevant product specification standard shall be determined according to the indicated test methods. 5.4.4 Testing Each sample taken shall be homogenized and divided into three sub-samples. The methods used to take and prepare samples shall be in accordance with EN 196-7. One sub-sample shall be retained by the manufacturer for testing and one shall be packed, sealed, clearly labelled and forwarded to the product certification body. The third sub-sample shall be sealed and retained by the manufacturer for a minimum period of three months. It is intended for use if: a) one of the first two sub-samples is lost, deteriorates or becomes contaminated; b) further testing is needed in the event of a dispute. 12 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) The first two sub-samples shall be tested, one by the manufacturer and one by the product certification body, for the required properties as listed in the relevant product specification standard, using the test methods indicated in that standard. 5.4.5 Evaluation of test results The results obtained shall be evaluated by the product certification body. The procedures described in Annex A shall be used for the evaluation of the representativeness and accuracy of the 28 day strength results. The results obtained consist of single values with an uncertainty associated. For evaluation, only the obtained test result shall be considered without taking into account the associated uncertainty of measurement, as this is implicitly covered by the AVCP procedures. 5.4.6 Reports Following each evaluation of audit test results a confidential report shall be prepared without delay and a copy sent to the manufacturer by the product certification body. The manufacturer shall have provided his own test results to the product certification body prior to its release of the product certification body data. 5.4.7 Proficiency testing The laboratory of the product certification body should carry out regular proficiency testing with other testing laboratories in order to maintain the accuracy required. 5.5 Initial inspection of the factory and the factory production control 5.5.1 Inspection of a new factory In the case of a new factory, an initial inspection of the factory and the factory production control shall be made, based on information on the factory production control and the equipment to be used to produce and test the cement(s). The inspection shall, amongst other things: a) verify that the Works' quality manual complies with the requirements of 4.1.2; b) verify that the equipment used to produce and test the cement(s) meets the criteria in 5.5.3 and 5.5.4. 5.5.2 Inspection of an existing factory In the case of a new type of cement at an existing factory, information on any significant changes concerning the factory production control and the equipment, caused by the production of the new cement, shall be considered. This shall form the basis to decide, based on the importance of the changes to the Works' quality manual, whether a particular inspection is necessary. In this case, any new equipment which has caused a major change in the Works' quality manual shall be inspected to verify that it meets the relevant criteria in 5.5.3 and 5.5.4. 5.5.3 Criteria for the assessment of the production equipment The inspection shall assess the suitability of the production equipment in relation to the Works' quality manual and in relation to providing the ability to meet the requirements of the relevant product specification standard. The following criteria shall be considered: 13 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) a) The constituents as described in the relevant product specification standard shall be protected against contamination within the factory. b) Equipment shall be provided which is suitable for continuous mass production of cement, in particular for adequate grinding and homogenization, allowing control of production with sufficient accuracy to ensure that the requirements of the relevant product specification standard are met. c) Measures shall be taken to prevent the mixing of different cements during conveying and storage. d) Each cement shall be stored in one or more separate silos, protected to prevent contamination and deterioration. The silos may include or take the form of fully enclosed separated air-tight subdivisions. Silos and/or discharge points shall be clearly marked with an indication of the cement type, strength class and any additional identification required. e) Points where cement is released from the factory and/or depot shall allow samples to be taken in accordance with the methods in EN 196-7. 5.5.4 Criteria for the assessment of laboratories The laboratory responsible for carrying out the tests required for internal quality control shall have at least the procedures and the equipment needed to carry out the relevant tests indicated or referred to in the Works' quality manual (see also 4.2.2). The laboratory responsible for carrying out autocontrol testing shall have at least the equipment needed to carry out tests for the properties listed in the relevant product specification standard using the test methods indicated (see 4.3.3). The laboratories shall demonstrate the ability to provide results within a time and in a manner suitable for the manufacturer’s factory production control. 5.5.5 Reports Following any initial inspection, a confidential report shall be prepared by the product certification body and shall be sent to the manufacturer. 5.6 5.6.1 Evaluation of test results during the initial period Initial period The duration of the initial period (see 3.5 and Clause 7) shall be, as a rule, three months. 5.6.2 Evaluation of test results The evaluation of test results on the cement shall be based on the autocontrol test results (see 4.3.1) and the audit test results (see 5.4.2) obtained from the first sample and from further samples taken during the initial period. 5.6.3 Reports Following the evaluation a confidential report shall be prepared, considered by the product certification body and shall be sent to the manufacturer. 14 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 6 6.1 Actions in the event of non-conformity Actions to be taken by the manufacturer The control of non-conforming cement and the corrective actions to be taken are dealt with in 4.3.2. These are the full responsibility of the manufacturer, who shall document the detailed procedures in the Works' quality manual. In the event of a complaint plus warning the minimum frequency of autocontrol testing of non-conforming properties shall be doubled for a period of two months following the warning, unless it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the product certification body that adequate measures were taken from the time of the initial occurrence of the non-conformity until its resolution, including doubling the minimum frequency of autocontrol testing for a minimum period of two months. 6.2 Actions to be taken by the product certification body 6.2.1 Following continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the factory production control (see 5.2) and evaluation of the results of autocontrol testing (see 5.3) The reports made following the assessment of the factory production control (see 5.2.3) and the evaluation of the results of the autocontrol testing (see 5.3.5) shall form the basis for any decisions/actions taken by the product certification body and shall be considered on a case by case basis. In the event of non-compliances of the factory production control, the product certification body should take appropriate decisions/actions to ensure that the factory production control is correctly applied by the manufacturer. Cancellation of the certificates may be considered in the event of a continuing non-conformity of the factory production control. In the event that the results of the manufacturer's autocontrol testing indicate that the requirements given in the clause entitled “Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP” in the relevant product specification standard are not met, the actions taken by the product certification body shall be as shown in Table 1. The product certification body shall check that in the event of a complaint plus warning the minimum frequency of autocontrol testing of non-conforming properties has been doubled for a period of two months following the warning (see 6.1). 6.2.2 Following evaluation of the results of the audit testing of samples taken at the factory/depot (see 5.4 and Annex A) If comparisons carried out of 28 day strengths according to A.3 show deviations indicating sampling or testing errors, the reasons shall be identified. Any differences in other properties which could lead to non-conformity should be identified and appropriate action taken. The product certification body shall establish whether appropriate actions have been taken to correct for these deviations and shall specify any further actions required including, if necessary, correction of all relevant results. If the results of the audit testing include a test result outside the specified characteristic value, the product certification body shall evaluate the results of the manufacturer's autocontrol testing over an appropriate period. If the autocontrol testing is found to be satisfactory no further action is necessary. If the autocontrol testing confirms the findings of the audit testing the actions taken by the product certification body shall be as shown in Table 1. If the results of the audit testing do not meet the single result limit value conformity criteria specified in the clause entitled “Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP” in the relevant product specification standard, the actions taken by the product certification body shall be as shown in Table 1. 15 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 7 Procedure for third party certification of constancy of performance of the product When a manufacturer applies for certification of a cement, the product certification body shall arrange for an initial inspection of the factory and the factory production control (if required) (see 5.5) and for the testing of a product type determination sample of the cement by the product certification body according to 5.4.1 to 5.4.4 and including evaluation of composition. Given that the inspection (if any) indicates that the requirements of 5.5 are met and that the results of the testing of a product type determination sample conform to the requirements of the relevant product specification standard, then the product certification body shall issue a certificate of constancy of performance of the product. During the initial period, the results of the audit testing obtained by the product certification body and the results of the autocontrol testing obtained by the manufacturer shall be evaluated by the product certification body (see 5.6). For a new factory this shall include an evaluation according to A.3. If this evaluation is satisfactory, the certificate of constancy of performance of the product remains valid unless cancelled (or withdrawn as a result of actions taken in the event of non-conformity, see Clause 6). In the event that a manufacturer permanently ceases production of a particular certified cement, he shall advise the product certification body accordingly and the relevant certificate of constancy of performance of the product shall be cancelled. A manufacturer shall be deemed to have permanently ceased production of a cement when a period of twelve months has elapsed since the date of the last autocontrol sample. Within a given type or strength class of cement which is already produced at the same factory and for which the manufacturer has obtained a certificate of constancy of performance of the product, a particular cement with an intentionally different composition, physical or chemical properties or compressive strengths may, if requested by the manufacturer, be assessed, certified and identified as a different cement. In such cases, the certificate of constancy of performance of the product shall be issued on the basis of the manufacturer's autocontrol testing (see 4.3.1) and the first audit sample tested by the product certification body (see 5.4). NOTE The procedure for certification of constancy of performance of cement in a new factory (see 3.9) or of a new type of cement (see 5.5.2) in an existing factory (see 3.10) is shown in Annex B. 8 8.1 Certificate of constancy of performance of the product and conformity mark Indication of constancy of performance of the product Conformity of a cement to the relevant product specification standard shall be indicated by a certificate of constancy of performance of the product issued by the product certification body and the related use of a conformity mark by the manufacturer. 8.2 Certificate of constancy of performance of the product The certificate of constancy of performance of the product shall include, in particular: a) the name and address of the product certification body; b) the name and address of the manufacturer and of the factory; c) the standard designation of the cement according to the relevant product specification standard and any additional identification required by the same product standard; d) statement that the cement conforms to the requirements of the relevant product specification standard and that the conformity is established according to this European Standard; 16 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) e) the certificate’s number. NOTE 9 For CE conformity marking and labelling, see Annex ZA of the relevant product specification standard. Requirements for dispatching centres 9.1 General requirements Intermediaries operating dispatching centres have a responsibility to maintain the quality, the identity and the conformity of certified cements (certified under a certificate of constancy of performance of the product issued according to this European Standard to the manufacturer or importer and bearing the conformity mark). The intermediary shall demonstrate that the conformity of the certified cement received is maintained during transport, reception, storage, packaging and dispatch and that the quality and the identity of the cement is ensured from the manufacturer or importer to the user after dispatch. This should be shown by meeting the requirements given in 9.2 and 9.3. 9.2 9.2.1 Tasks for the intermediary Measures to maintain the cement quality The intermediary shall demonstrate that he has measures in place to maintain the quality of the certified cement and shall have a quality manual which describes the quality aims and the organizational structure and which adequately covers purchasing, transport, reception, handling, storage, testing and dispatch of the cement, taking into account the principles given for the manufacturer in Clause 4. In particular these measures shall include appropriate acceptance and identification testing in order to demonstrate that the certified cement delivered to the dispatching centre has not suffered from contamination or ageing and corresponds to the cement specified in the purchasing or delivery contracts. In addition, appropriate measures shall be taken to ensure that different cements (different types, strength classes and/or origin) are kept separate and are stored in separate silos and that contamination of cement is avoided. The minimum frequency of the reception identification testing is one test per delivery, but at least one test per 500 tonnes. The properties to be determined for rapid identification (e.g. fineness, loss on ignition or colour) may be chosen by the intermediary, subject to approval by the product certification body. 9.2.2 Confirmation autocontrol testing of samples taken at the dispatching centre For certified cement, the intermediary shall carry out confirmation autocontrol testing of samples to verify that the cement maintains its properties. The frequency of sampling and testing, the test properties and the test methods shall be at least as specified in Table 2. The results of the autocontrol testing carried out at the dispatching centre and at the factory supplying the certified cement shall be compared. The dispatching centre shall ensure that the factory’s autocontrol results are made available according to an adequate frequency. The confirmation autocontrol testing may be carried out in the laboratory of the intermediary or in an external laboratory. Representatives of the product certification body shall be granted access to the laboratory in order to verify that the equipment used to test the cement meets the criteria of 5.5.4 and 4.3.3. The individual results of confirmation autocontrol testing carried out by an intermediary in respect of each certified cement shall remain within the range of the maximum and minimum values of the relevant manufacturer’s autocontrol results in any given control period. The individual results of the confirmation autocontrol testing shall at no time exceed the limit values for single results of the relevant specification standard. 17 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) 9.3 Tasks for the third party 9.3.1 Continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the measures to maintain the cement quality and of the confirmation autocontrol The task of the third party is the continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation of the measures applied by the intermediary to maintain the cement quality; the product certification body shall carry out an initial inspection and, thereafter once per year, an inspection. The third party shall check by inspection at least twice a year that the results of the intermediary's confirmation autocontrol testing conform to 9.2.2. If the results of the autocontrol testing are outside the range of the maximum and minimum values of the autocontrol testing at the factory for a relevant control period the right to continue to use the conformity mark shall be based on a case by case assessment. The dispatching centre shall make the necessary provisions for allowing the third party to make the assessment. The observation of a non-conformity to a single result limit value shall lead to a decision from the third party (9.3.3). Following the inspection, the third party shall prepare a confidential report on its assessment and send this to the intermediary. 9.3.2 Audit testing of samples taken at the dispatching centre Sampling and testing shall be carried out under the responsibility of the third party as in 5.4.1, 5.4.3 and 5.4.4. Each sample shall be packed, clearly labelled and forwarded to the product certification body. The frequency of confirmation and audit testing, the test properties and the test methods shall be at least as specified in Table 2. 9.3.3 Decisions to be taken The third party shall decide on the basis of all its findings whether the intermediary has met the requirements of 9.1 to maintain the quality, the identity and the conformity of the certified cement so that the continuation of the use of the conformity mark is justified. 18 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Table 1 — Actions to be taken by the product certification body in the event of non-conformity of the results of autocontrol and/or audit testing Action to be taken by product certification body Criterion Specified characteristic value Single result limit value a Item Non-conformity of test a result(s) Issue of a complaint Issue of a complaint plus b warning Withdrawal of certificate of constancy of performance of the c product Autocontrol testing All results in control period Non-conformity of the test results with the requirements of the statistical conformity criteria specified in the relevant product specification standard First non-conformity of the test results Non-conformity of the test results for the same property in two consecutive statistical d assessments Non-conformity of the test results for the same property in three consecutive statistical assessments Autocontrol testing and audit testing Individual results Non-conformity of any result with the requirements of the single result limit value conformity criteria specified in the relevant product specification standard First non-conformity of a test result Second non-conformity of a test result for the same f e property within 12 months Third non-conformity of a test result for the same f property within 12 e months Non-conformities for different properties are treated separately. b The minimum frequency of autocontrol testing shall be doubled for a period of two months following receipt of a complaint plus warning, unless it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the product certification body that adequate measures were taken from the time of the initial occurrence of the non-conformity until it’s resolution, including doubling the minimum frequency of autocontrol testing for a minimum period of two months. c Withdrawal is always based on a case by case assessment. d In the case of the upper limit of the standard strength the issuing of a complaint plus warning should be based on a case by case decision. e Only if information on the preceding non-conforming test result has been available at the time of sampling. f 24 months for masonry cement conforming to EN 413-1. 19 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Table 2 — Confirmation and audit testing of samples of certified cement taken at dispatching centres: a properties and minimum testing frequencies Minimum testing frequencies Properties b, c to be tested Confirmation autocontrol by the intermediary Cement unloaded and stored at the dispatching centre Audit testing by the third party Cement transhipped at the dispatching centre Early strength Standard strength Initial setting time Insoluble residue Loss on ignition SO3 content Heat of hydration 1/week 1/week 1 per delivered lot 1/week 1/every 2 months Pozzolanicity 2/month C3A in clinker 1/month Air content 20 1/week but at least 6/year 1 per 500 tonnes 1/fortnight a The methods used to take and prepare samples shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN 196-7. b If required by the relevant product specification standard. c Using the test methods referred to in the relevant product specification standard. BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Annex A (normative) Evaluation of the representativeness and the accuracy of the 28 day strength test results A.1 General This annex describes the procedures to be used to evaluate the representativeness and the accuracy of the 28-day strength test results. The evaluation shall preferably be made in connection with the routine yearly inspection by the product certification body. For a new type of cement the evaluation shall be made when the necessary data are available. A.2 Sets of results considered The evaluation procedure considers the following three sets of test results: — A all test results from the autocontrol testing during the period under consideration; — B the results of tests carried out by the manufacturer on samples taken for audit testing; — C the results of tests carried out by the product certification body on samples taken for audit testing. The number of results in each of the sets B and C is at least six. They should be equally distributed throughout the period under consideration. A.3 Evaluation procedure A.3.1 Introduction The evaluation procedure includes two parts, as described in A.3.3 and A.3.4. For masonry cement conforming to EN 413-1, see also A.3.5. For calcium aluminate cement conforming to EN 14647, see also A.3.6. A.3.2 Symbols The symbols used in A.3.3 to A.3.6 are given in Table A.1. 21 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Table A.1 — Symbols Symbol Meaning MA is the average of all results of the autocontrol testing during the period under consideration MB is the average of the results of the tests carried out by the manufacturer on the samples taken for audit testing MC is the average of the results of the tests carried out by the product certification body on samples taken for audit testing NB is the number of the samples taken for audit testing SA is the standard deviation of all results of the autocontrol testing during the period under consideration SD is the standard deviation of the differences between the corresponding results of the samples taken for audit testing as defined by di = Bi – Ci where Bi is the individual test result by the manufacturer Ci is the corresponding individual test result by the product certification body  SD =   ∑ di2 − (∑ d i )2 / NB  /(NB − 1)  1/ 2 A.3.3 Evaluation of whether set A and set B belong to the same population (sampling error check) a) Where |MA - MB| ≤ 2,0 3) MPa, the two sets of results may be considered to belong to the same population. b) Where |MA - MB| > 2,0 3) MPa, 1) if |MA - MB| ≤ 2,58 x SA / (NB)1/2 the two sets of results are considered to belong to the same population, 2) if |MA - MB| > 2,58 x SA / (NB)1/2 the reason shall be identified by the manufacturer (in this case the two sets of test results can be considered to belong to different populations with a confidence level of 99 % as described in ISO 2854). A.3.4 Comparison between set B and set C in order to check the accuracy of the autocontrol testing (testing error check) Two conditions should be satisfied: a) SD ≤ 3,4 3) MPa; b) |MB - MC| ≤ 4,0 3) MPa. 3) These are values applicable for cement conforming to EN 197-1. The values for masonry cement conforming to EN 413-1 are given in A.3.5 and for calcium aluminate cement conforming to EN 14647 in A.3.6. Values for other cements may be indicated in the relevant product specification standard. 22 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) If either or both of these conditions are not satisfied the reasons shall be identified by the manufacturer and the product certification body. A.3.5 Masonry cement For masonry cement conforming to EN 413-1 the numerical criteria given in Table A.2 shall apply in place of the values given in A.3.3 and A.3.4: Table A.2 — Numerical criteria for masonry cement conforming to EN 413–1 Masonry cement, type/class Criterion MC5 MC12,5/MC12,5X MC 22,5/MC 22,5X |MA - MB| 1,0 1,4 2,0 SD 1,7 2,4 3,4 |MB - MC| 2,0 3,0 4,0 A.3.6 Calcium aluminate cement For calcium aluminate cement conforming to EN 14647 the numerical criteria given in Table A.3 shall apply in place of the values given in A.3.3 and A.3.4: Table A.3 — Numerical criteria for calcium aluminate cement conforming to EN 14647 Criterion Calcium aluminate cement |MA - MB| 3,0 SD 5,0 |MB - MC| 5,0 23 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Annex B (informative) Procedure for certification of constancy of performance of cement Figure B.1 — Procedure for certification of constancy of performance of cement in a new factory (see 3.9) or of a new type of cement (see 5.5.2) in an existing factory (see 3.10) 24 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Annex C (informative) Comparison of terminology according to the CPD and the CPR Table C.1 gives examples for the comparison of the earlier terminology according to the Construction Products Directive CPD (Directive 89/106/EEC) and the new terminology according to the Construction Products Regulation CPR (Regulation (EU) No 305/2011). Table C.1 — Comparison of terminology according to the CPD and the CPR Terminology according to the CPD Terminology according to the CPR evaluation of conformity assessment and verification of constancy of performance (abbr.: AVCP) certificate of conformity certificate of constancy of performance of the product certification body product certification body (for system 1+) or production control certification body (for system 2+) inspection body (no longer defined) initial type testing (ITT) determination of the product-type surveillance, assessment and acceptance (e.g. of the factory production control) continuous surveillance, assessment and evaluation (e.g. of the factory production control) 25 BS EN 197-2:2014 EN 197-2:2014 (E) Bibliography [1] CEN/TR 14245, Cement - Guidelines for the application of EN 197-2 Conformity evaluation 4) [2] EN ISO 9001, Quality management systems - Requirements (ISO 9001) [3] Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing Council Directive 89/106/EEC [4] EN 45020, Standardization and related activities - General vocabulary (ISO/IEC Guide 2) [5] EN ISO 9000, Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary (ISO 9000) [6] ISO/IEC 17043, Conformity assessment - General requirements for proficiency testing [7] EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength [8] EN 197-1, Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements [9] EN 14216, Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements [10] EN 15743, Supersulfated cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria [11] EN ISO/IEC 17020, Conformity assessment - Requirements for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection (ISO/IEC 17020) [12] EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025) [13] EN ISO/IEC 17065, Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies certifying products, processes and services (ISO/IEC 17065) 4) CEN/TR 14245 is currently in preparation and will revise CR 14245:2001. 26 This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services. 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