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2011, … --Head and Neck Surgery
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Objectives. To review cases of deep neck infections with underlying congenital etiology with special emphasis on their clinical presentations and the computed tomographic findings and to discuss the various therapeutic modalities employed for such lesions.
Singapore medical journal, 2012
Deep neck infections (DNI) have a propensity to spread rapidly along the interconnected deep neck spaces and compromise the airway, cervical vessels and spinal canal. The value of imaging lies in delineating the anatomical extent of the disease process, identifying the source of infection and detecting complications. Its role in the identification and drainage of abscesses is well known. This paper pictorially illustrates infections of important deep neck spaces. The merits and drawbacks of imaging modalities used for assessment of DNI, the relevant anatomy and the possible sources of infection of each deep neck space are discussed. Certain imaging features that alter the management of DNI have been highlighted.
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 2008
The purpose of this study was to review our recent experience with deep neck infections and compare it to the experiences in the available literature. A total number of 112 charts of patients treated for deep neck infections at the department of otolaryngology of our hospital between August 1996 and September 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. All the relevant clinical charts including presentation, origin and site of deep neck infection, radiological, and bacteriological studies and interventions along with demographic proWle, details of hospital stay, and outcomes were evaluated. The Wndings were compared to those in the available literature. Until 2002, we had nearly constant number of patients annually but since then we have found an increasing number of them. The most common presenting symptom was neck swelling (88.4%). Fever was present in 63.4 and 78% had leukocytosis. The most common known cause was dental infection (31.3%) and in 32.1% of them origin remained unknown. The most commonly encountered site was the submandibular space and 23.2% of patients had two or more involved spaces. Exactly 20.5% were treated with intravenous antibiotic therapy alone whereas 79.5% had surgical procedures with successful results in 98.2% of them. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 20.5% of cases. There was no case of known primary or acquired immunodeWciency. We had two deaths from septic shock but there was not any other complication. Mean hospitalization time was 7 days. Deep neck infections remain potentially lethal infections if they are not diagnosed early and treated promptly. Widespread diVusion of empirical broad-spectrum oral antibiotic and anti-inXammatory treatments may cause masked presentations of deep neck infections without swelling, fever, or leukocytosis. Our tailored approach (medical or medical and surgical) based on clinical and radiological evidence was successful in 98.2% of the patients with a short mean hospitalization time.
American Journal of Otolaryngology
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review our recent experience with deep neck infections and emphasize the importance of radiologic evaluation and appropriate treatment selection in those patients. Materials and Methods: The records of 173 patients treated for deep neck infection at the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of Dicle University Hospital during the period from 2003 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Their demography, symptoms, etiology, seasonal distribution, bacteriology, radiology, site of deep neck infection, durations of the hospital admission and hospital stay, treatment, complications, and outcomes were evaluated. The findings were compared to those in the available literature. Results: Dental infection was the most common cause of deep neck infection (48.6%). Peritonsillar infections (19.7%) and tuberculosis (6.9%) were the other most common cause. Pain, odynophagia, dysphagia, and fever were the most common presenting symptoms. Radiologic evaluation was performed on almost all of the patients (98.3%) to identify the location, extent, and character (cellulitis or abscesses) of the infections. Computed tomography was performed in 85.3% of patients. The most common involved site was the submandibular space (26.1%). In 29.5% of cases, the infection involved more than one space. All the patients were taken to intravenous antibiotic therapy. Surgical intervention was required in 95 patients (59.5%), whereas 78 patients (40.5%) were treated with intravenous antibiotic therapy alone. Life-threatening complications were developed in 13.8% of cases; 170 patients (98.3%) were discharged in stable condition. Conclusion: Despite the wide use of antibiotics, deep neck space infections are commonly seen. Today, complications of deep neck infections are often life threatening. Although surgical drainage remains the main method of treating deep neck abscesses, conservative medical treatment are effective in selective cases.
Pediatria Polska, 2020
Deep neck space infection (DNSI) is a rare clinical entity in the paediatric age group. However, it can cause significant morbidity and mortality in children. It has insidious presentations but can lead to a fatal and rapid course, which warrants careful observation by the clinician. Common causes of DNSIs are odontogenic and pharyngotonsillar infections. Children with DNSI may present with fever, neck swelling, and breathing difficulty. The fatal complications of DNSI in children are airway obstruction, mediastinitis, internal jugular vein thrombosis, pneumonia, and meningitis. The diagnosis of the DNSI is often challenging to the paediatrician or otolaryngologist. The three important things for successful treatment of the DNSI are antibiotic therapy, surgical drainage, and protection of the airway. Because of the complex anatomy of the neck, the airway management and surgical treatment may be challenging. The aim of this review article is to describe details of aetiopathology, clinical presentation, investigations, and current treatment.
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2008
Deep Neck Space Infections (DNI) are a potentially life threatening condition. This paper highlights the importance of their early diagnosis and early intervention. The deep-neck space infections may be odontogenic in origin. The severe airway compromise caused by them may make diagnosis diffi cult. Suspicion of simultaneous occurrence of tetanus and retropharyngeal space infection in a child can further increase the dilemma.
Academia Materials Science, 2023
Sea-silk is made from the byssus threads of Pinna nobilis, an endemic species found in the Mediterranean. The fibers are carefully harvested by cutting them off the mussel, after which they undergo a series of processes including washing, drying, combing, and spinning. The end result is an exceptionally fine, distinctive, and highly valuable fabric. The Pinna nobilis byssus is non-collagenous-based, and the fiber's nanostructure is still poorly understood. In this study, we present an investigation into Pinna nobilis byssus samples collected from the Commodity Science Museum of the University of Bari Aldo Moro (Italy) at various stages of the textile manufacturing process. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we reveal a distinctive elliptical cross-section of the Pinna nobilis byssus fibers. Additionally, by employing wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXRD) and infrared spectroscopy (IR), we discover hydroxyapatite adsorbed onto the initial fibers. This finding provides intriguing insights into the composition and potential functional properties of the byssus threads. Furthermore, using a WAXRD-based method, we observe a decrease in the crystalline/amorphous ratio during the byssus treatment process. This finding suggests structural modifications occurring as the fibers undergo manufacturing steps, potentially influencing the properties of the final sea-silk fabric.
Nature, 2009
Anthropogenic pressures on the Earth System have reached a scale where abrupt global environmental change can no longer be excluded. We propose a new approach to global sustainability in which we define planetary boundaries within which we expect that humanity can operate safely. Transgressing one or more planetary boundaries may be deleterious or even catastrophic due to the risk of crossing thresholds that will trigger non-linear, abrupt environmental change within continental-to planetary-scale systems.
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