Design optimization of bell crank lever

Bell Crank Lever is important components from safety point of view since they are subjected to large amount of stresses. Hence to study the stress pattern in bell crank lever, analytical, numerical and photoelasticity methods are used. For analysis purpose virtual model of bell crank lever is prepared by picking data from design data book. Bending stresses in lever formula is used for determination of stresses in bell crank lever analytically. For numerical analysis bell crank lever is prepared using ANSYS and this model of bell crank lever in ANSYS where stress analysis is done by FEM. Finite Element Analysis(FEA) have been performed on various models of varying fillet radius, optimization for volume and reduction of materials form bell crank lever and by using photoelasticity of bell crank lever. Also for bell crank lever stress analysis is done by using method of FEM. From the output of these analyses it is observed that results obtained are in close agreement with each other and maximum failures stress concentration occurs at maximum bending surface. Comparison between numerical, FEM and experimentally are observed that results obtained are in close agreement with each other.

A bell crank lever is mostly characterized as a kind of lever which is used to alter the course of movement either through 90° or 180°. A bell crank lever is exposed to huge measure of stresses, so they are significant components in terms of safety. In this project Optimum Design of Bell Crank Lever was designed by considering some properties like Density, Young's modulus, Ultimate tensile strength, Yield Strength, Shear modulus, Cost. The material properties and costing of material was studied, and standard Bell Crank Lever materials were identified by using PSG Design Data Book. The selection of the materials is based on some multi criteria decision making methods (MCDM) like TOPSIS, VIKOR and COPRAS. The material has been ranked by using above mentioned criteria methods. Then virtual model of bell crank lever is designed with in allowable Bending stresses and shear stress. Modelling was done by using Catia. After that a Static Structural and modal analysis was done by using Ansys Software to find out stresses and deformation, and also Weight of the Bell Crank lever for the Selected Material are noted. Then I Perform Topology Optimization to Reduce Weight of Bell Crank Lever within The Allowable Limits.

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014

https://www.ijert.org/stress-analysis-of-bell-crank-lever-by-optimising-the-volume https://www.ijert.org/research/stress-analysis-of-bell-crank-lever-by-optimising-the-volume-IJERTV3IS090252.pdf Bell Crank Lever is important components from safety point of view since they are subjected to large amount of stresses. Hence to study the stress pattern in bell crank lever, analytical, numerical and photoelasticity methods are used. For analysis purpose virtual model of bell crank lever is prepared by picking data from design data book. Bending stresses in lever formula is used for determination of stresses in bell crank lever analytically. For numerical analysis bell crank lever is prepared using ANSYS and this model of bell crank lever in ANSYS where stress analysis is done by FEM. Finite Element Analysis(FEA) have been performed on various models of varying fillet radius, optimization for volume and reduction of materials form bell crank lever and by using photoelasticity of bell crank lever. Also for bell crank lever stress analysis is done by using method of FEM. From the output of these analyses it is observed that results obtained are in close agreement with each other and maximum failures stress concentration occurs at maximum bending surface. Comparison between numerical, FEM and experimentally are observed that results obtained are in close agreement with each other.

IRJET, 2021

A bell crank lever is mostly characterized as a kind of lever which is used to alter the course of movement either through 90° or 180°. A bell crank lever is exposed to huge measure of stresses, so they are significant components in terms of safety. In this project Optimum Design of Bell Crank Lever was designed by considering some properties like Density, Young's modulus, Ultimate tensile strength, Yield Strength, Shear modulus, Cost. The material properties and costing of material was studied, and standard Bell Crank Lever materials were identified by using PSG Design Data Book. The selection of the materials is based on some multi criteria decision making methods (MCDM) like TOPSIS, VIKOR and COPRAS. The material has been ranked by using above mentioned criteria methods. Then virtual model of bell crank lever is designed with in allowable Bending stresses and shear stress. Modelling was done by using Catia. After that a Static Structural and modal analysis was done by using Ansys Software to find out stresses and deformation, and also Weight of the Bell Crank lever for the Selected Material are noted. Then I Perform Topology Optimization to Reduce Weight of Bell Crank Lever within The Allowable Limits.

Journal of automobile engineering and applications, 2017

Bell crank lever is a bar capable of turning about a fixed point, used as a machine to lift the load by the application of small effort. Bell crank lever is used in railway signaling, governers of hartnell type, the drive for the air pump of condensers etc. The major stresses induced in the bell crank lever at the fulcrum are bending stress and fulcrum pin is shear stress. The maximum stresses are developed at the fulcrum. The Bell crank is a type of crank that changes motion through an angle. The angle can be any angle from 0 to 360 degrees, but 90 degrees and 180 degrees are most common. Hence, the work deals with the stress analysis of bell crank lever within the angle ranges 90 0 to 180 0 by finite element method using ANSYS WORKBENCH 14.5 software and Photoelasticity. Experimental and Analytical results are observed and compared, so that the obtained results are in close agreement with each other. For the photoelastic stress analysis which is the Experimental method, the bell crank lever models are prepared with photoelastic sheet of Araldite hardener HY-951 and curing agent CY-230 is used.

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014

https://www.ijert.org/optimization-of-the-keyway-design-with-consideration-of-effect-of-stress-concentration-on-different-materials https://www.ijert.org/research/optimization-of-the-keyway-design-with-consideration-of-effect-of-stress-concentration-on-different-materials-IJERTV3IS050672.pdf Key and keyways are one of the most important techniques used for the coupling purpose. These are commonly used in shaft-hub connections. Despite knowing the importance of this a very little research work has been reported in this field. The failure of key and keyways occurred due to the stress concentration in certain areas of machine element. This paper reports the location of stress concentration and compare the results obtain by theoretical analysis with the analysis done by analysis software (Ansys11.0) for different shapes of key and keyways on different materials. The main reason of failure of shaft and keyways in shaft-hub connection is the shear stress, so the focus is done on it. Using shape optimization by providing chamfer and fillet at corners, it is shown that the fatigue life of keyways can be greatly improved as comparison to simple rectangular and square key. On the basis of analysis we conclude that the shaft made by stainless steel having keyway with circular fillet will undergo minimum magnitude of the maximum shear stress in comparison to other material and shapes used for analysis.

On an aircraft, the hinge is one of the important directional control surface along with the rudder-like elevator (attached to the vertical stabilizer) and ailerons (attached to the wings) that control pitch and roll, respectively. The components of hinge assembly are hinge Arms, Fork Head, Spar and Panel, hinge Arms are to be designed to take loads from rudder. The scope of the present work is to detailed design of hinge to meet strength and stability requirements and modeling done by using CATIA V5 software. The static stress analysis carried out to find the stresses like Von misses, Maximum Principal, shear stresses for different materials using ANSYS.

Key and keyways are one of the most important techniques used for the coupling purpose. These are commonly used in shaft-hub connections. Despite knowing the importance of this a very little research work has been reported in this field. The failure of key and keyways occurred due to the stress concentration in certain areas of machine element. This paper reports the location of stress concentration and compare the results obtain by theoretical analysis with the analysis done by analysis software (ANSYS 11.0) for different shapes of key and keyways on different materials. The main reason of failure of shaft and keyways in shaft-hub connection is the shear stress, so the focus is done on it. Using shape optimization by providing chamfer and fillet at corners, it is shown that the fatigue life of keyways can be greatly improved as comparison to simple rectangular and square key. On the basis of analysis we conclude that the shaft made by stainless steel having keyway with circular fillet will undergo minimum magnitude of the maximum shear stress in comparison to other material and shapes used for analysis.

IRJET, 2021

Design of Bicycle operated by Crank-Lever is new technique employed in replacement of chain drive power transmission. In Crank-Chain system there is a loss of power delivery, lesser efficiency, and maximum efforts are required to apply force on pedal for movement. The present work Bicycle consists of oscillating pedal lever, connecting lever, freewheel disc, freewheel sprocket, bearings, and mounting plates. Power transferred through oscillating reciprocation of pedals forced by the driver legs, allows the rotation of wheel. This project delineates stresses induced in the lever and disc based on force analysis and Finite element analysis to know the costeffective material and life. The maximum stress and fatigue life were estimated, using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Analysis result contour plots are also validated by various checks. The main purpose of this project is to reduce human effort required for cycling with minimize foot numbness and tingling.

Meccanica, 1976

s/udiato un sistema artico/ato a ginocchiera, sul tipo di que/ti impiegati in alcune presse meccam'che. Vengono dapprima riportati brevemente i risultati dell'analisi geometrica, cinematica e statica del meccanismo; si considerano successivamente diverri criteri di ottimizzazione e per ciasctm criterio si scrive la relativa funzione obiettivo ; viene poi presa in considerazione la fuuzione obietlivo complessiva, combinazione lineare delle precedenti.