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Book Review of Religion and Faith in Africa (by Orabator)

2019, Journal of Ecumenical Studies

Journal of Ecumenical Studies, Spring 2019, Vol 54:2, pp’s 287-289 (Eric Montgomery) This book is unique, timely, and invigorating on all levels. At first thought, my expectations were reserved at best, and gravely concerned at worst. The idea of a Jesuit Priest doing more than tolerating African Religion, coupled with the term “animist” in the title, made me apprehensive, but quickly moved to deep captivation. After a quick reading of the introduction and chapter one, I was sold! “Religion and Faith in Africa”, is convincing it its thesis that Christianity and Islam are “fruit(s) produced from those roots that reach down into the soil. That soil is African religion” (2018, 171). Orabator backs this assertion up time and time again with analogies and evidence testifying to the power of African Religion to form a bedrock for all other forms of religion and spirituality on the continent. He does so with historical, theological, anthropological, and hermeneutical perspectives which lend great validity and reliability to this claim.

“Religion and Faith in Africa: Confessions of an Animist” – Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orabotor, SJ Journal of Ecumenical Studies, Spring 2019, Vol 54:2, pp’s 287-289 (Eric Montgomery) Eric J. Montgomery (Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Michigan State University; Faculty in Center for Peace and Conflict Studies, Wayne State University) This book is unique, timely, and invigorating on all levels. At first thought, my expectations were reserved at best, and gravely concerned at worst. The idea of a Jesuit Priest doing more than tolerating African Religion, coupled with the term “animist” in the title, made me apprehensive, but quickly moved to deep captivation. After a quick reading of the introduction and chapter one, I was sold! “Religion and Faith in Africa”, is convincing it its thesis that Christianity and Islam are “fruit(s) produced from those roots that reach down into the soil. That soil is African religion” (2018, 171). Orabator backs this assertion up time and time again with analogies and evidence testifying to the power of African Religion to form a bedrock for all other forms of religion and spirituality on the continent. He does so with historical, theological, anthropological, and hermeneutical perspectives which lend great validity and reliability to this claim. The overwhelming Christian and Islamic narrative has long been to degrade and devalue African Religion as something primitive, savage, and inherently diabolical. Orabator exudes great pride in his “embodied animism” which stems from his childhood in Nigeria, while basking in the glow it provided to his contemporary worldview as a Christian and Catholic. He illuminates the problematic nature of statistics and demographics which boast of huge exponential growth in both Islam and Christianity throughout the continent without recognizing that they are informed by what RF Thompson would call “a flash of the spirit”, the African-first essence which is the cornerstone of religiosity for all Africans. He is balanced in his call for a more inclusive Christianity, offering a scathing criticism of the inherent gender discrimination, the insatiability of prosperity gospels, the exclusivity of its doctrine, and even the persistence of environmental degradation which he attributes in part to the Christian mandate in Africa. His distinction between pathological performance and prophetic practice is nuanced, and sounds the alarm for many of the dangerous trends which disregard African core values of mercy, tolerance, peace, justice, and compassion. Orabator synthesizes relevant literature, constructs cogent arguments framed with useful analysis, and offers an effective African elegance by way of proverbs and story-telling. Even though Orabator offers incredible inclusivity regarding the strength, benevolence, and diversity of African religions, and their influence on all religions in Africa. I do have a few concerns. The pervasive hegemony of Abrahamic religions to marginalize specific African Religions such as Vodun, Orisha, and others is somewhat glossed over. While despite high birth rates and extended longevity of life, African Religion writ large are still maligned and ill-effected by global Christianity and Islam; even if many of the core African values are alive and well within these traditions. The ancestors cannot be happy that spirits and gods which existed for generations are not being properly fed and honored. In my opinion, this fact is a travesty of justice, and cannot be rationalized away no matter how much Islam and Christianity may be “grounded” in African Religion. All in all, this book’s importance cannot be overstated, it is profound and stimulating in the manner he redeems and reapplies the term “animism”. It is a must read for theologians, anthropologists, sociologists, and anybody else with a rigorous interest in modern religion or Africa.