La buona fede nel diritto europeo dei contratti

2003

Vertragsrecht, I, Mohr Tübingen 1996, as good faith is not at all a subject in this treatise, but the solutions based on good faith are widely dealt with. Kötz is not dealing with good faith, but with its practical applications.

Bases De Un Derecho Contractual Europeo 2002 Isbn 84 8442 860 5 Pags 17 30, 2002

Vertragsrecht, I, Mohr Tübingen 1996, as good faith is not at all a subject in this treatise, but the solutions based on good faith are widely dealt with. Kötz is not dealing with good faith, but with its practical applications.

In Italy, pre-contractual liability is governed by a statutory provision that requires parties to act in good faith during the negotiation and formation of the contract (Art 1337 Civil Code). Nonetheless, since the entry into force in Italy of the current 1942 Civil Code, Art 1337 has been consistently given a narrow interpretation. From this narrow perspective, pre-contractual liability applies only in two cases: 1) when a party terminates negotiations without a valid reason or 2) when a party, aware of the existence of grounds for invalidity of the contract, fails to communicate these grounds to the other party. Over the last decade, however, courts seem to have phased out this narrow interpretation, and case law has broadened the boundaries of pre-contractual liability. This paper retraces the key steps that led to the broader interpretation of pre-contractual liability currently adopted within Italian courts and outlines the new and innovative broad scope of pre-contractual liability, with the aim of indicating when the duty of good faith attaches and what this duty entails. The article then illustrates to what extent damage relating to pre-contractual liability is compensable and what role the traditional distinction between positive and negative interests actually plays.

2012

This essay aims to stress two main points. The first point: The general framework of European law (and specifically, contract law) is derived from Ordoliberalism doctrines. As a consequence, the Legislative plays a primary role in constructing the law: and so, European legal order is more a constructed order than a spontaneous order (with reference to F. Hayek ’s perspective). The second point: Within European contract law, parties’ private autonomy is assumed as a general principle, but the assumption is that party autonomy should be respected unless there a good reason to intervene; and often this reason does exist. If we consider specifically the Draft Common Frame of Reference, the main thing to note is the importance of general rules as good faith and reasonableness: the consequence is the centrality of judge’s power as to the construction of legal content of these rules. Nevertheless, here arises a specific problem: which is, and which should be, the right balance between the ...

European Journal of Law Reform, 2000

2020

Many foreign jurisdictions of both civil and common law traditions have long recognised an obligation to act in good faith when making and performing contracts. Historically, this was not an approach recognised by the English courts. Rather, English law was said to have "committed itself to no... overriding principle [of good faith] but has developed piecemeal solutions in response to demonstrated problems of unfairness". 1

Pravovedenie, 2020

Given that continental civil law scholarship applies the concept of good faith in either a subjective (honesty in fact) or objective sense (good faith and fair dealing), the present article focuses on the latter one. The traditional view in England and Wales discards the recognition of a general principle of good faith and fair dealing in English law. English courts have adopted a piecemeal solutions approach (as shown by the judicial decisions issued in Interfoto Picture Library (1987) and Walford v. Miles (1992)). Meanwhile, the principle in question, along with the concept of the freedom of contract, is one of the most important principles of the continental civil law tradition (cf. art. 1104 of the French Civil Code, § 157, § 242 of the German Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, art. 2 (1) of the Swiss Zivilgesetzbuch, art. 6:2 Burgerlijk Wetboek, art. 5 of the Polish Civil Code, art. 2 (1) Common European Sales Law, art. 1:201 Principles of European Contract Law, art. III1:103 Draft Common Frame of Reference). The current work analyzes recent English case law (in particular Yam Seng (2013)), which seems to acknowledge the principle of good faith and fair dealing while rejecting the traditional view mentioned above. The comparative approach — references to American, and Commonwealth law, as well as to that of particular European states — is taken into account. The author claims that hostility to the concept of good faith in an objective sense in English law is superficial. One may expect that in the near future courts in England and Wales will follow the path taken by courts in the United States (§ 205 of the Restatement (Second) of Contracts (1981)), Australia (Renard Constructions (1992)) and Canada (Bhasin v. Hrynew (2014)), and they will finally recognize good faith as an underlying principle.

2011

This thesis is a comprehensive guide to the current interpretation of the principle of good faith in the lex mercatoria. It sets out the full background to this interpretation, exploring the development of good faith in major legal cultures in the Western world and in arbitral practice. Modern lex mercatoria is one of the most conspicuous manifestations of globalization in the field of law. Previous examples of global law are the Roman ius gentium and the medieval law merchant. The principle of good faith has been fundamental in all these manifestations. The thrust of this thesis represents an investigation of the reasons for the essential role of good faith in universal contexts, and in particular, its meaning in the lex mercatoria.

2003

Good faith is one of the most discussed topics in the jurists' circle, seen as a key argument in European contract law. Though it is an accepted concept, there is no consensus regarding the role of good faith in modern civil contractual obligations. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the principle of good faith, shedding light on the concept and the description of this principle on Albanian legislation. Good faith is dealt with in its two meanings; subjective and objective, where in the objective sense of good faith is perceived as a method used to dress with moral contractual relations and to mitigate the inequalities that may result from the dogma of parties autonomy. While in the subjective view, good faith may refer to the situation in which a person acts with the confidence that he is acting in accordance with the applicable law or in a situation where a third party seeks protection. The aim of this paper is also to treat the principle of good faith under the optics of Albanian legal system. It is concluded that the doctrine in Albania is not very developed. It should be noted that there is no uniformity in jurisprudence and the debate if good faith can be excluded from the contract remains open.