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Bab 6 Infrastruktur

Infrastruktur TRANSPORTASI Pendahuluan Transportasi adalah pergerakan orang dan/atau barang dari satu lokasi ke lokasi lain dari satu pusat kegiatan ke pusat kegiatan lain. Transportasi bukan merupakan suatu tujuan akhir, melainkan turunan dari permintaan, misalnya pergerakan untuk tujuan kerja, rekreasi, pengumpulan bahan baku, distribusi barang produk, dan lain-lain. Pergerakan orang/barang antar lokasi tersebut dalam skala lokal sampai global, misalnya pergerakan antar pusat kegiatan dalam suatu kota sampai pergerakan antarnegara. Untuk skala metropolitan, tujuan akhir dari transportasi adalah terpenuhinya permintaan pergerakan orang/barang dalam rangka menunjang kesejahteraan masyarakat metropolitan terkait, yakni untuk menuju terwujudnya metropolitan yang nyaman sebagai tempat tinggal, tempat kerja, dan tempat rekreasi. Selanjutnya, bagaimana transportasi dapat menunjang terwujudnya suatu wilayah metropolitan yang sejahtera tergantung dari karakteristik wilayah terkait. Misalnya, kebutuhan fasilitas dan layanan transportasi untuk wilayah kota industri berbeda dengan untuk kota pendidikan. Hubungan antara fasilitas dan layanan transportasi dengan wilayah terkait merupakan suatu sistem yang terdiri atas beberapa sistem/subsistem sebagai berikut: a) Sistem Kegiatan, yakni pusat-pusat penduduk dengan kegiatannya, misalnya wilayah metropolitan, kawasan perumahan, kawasan perdagangan, dan sebagainya; Sistem / Sub-sistem Kegiatan ini membangkitkan (produksi dan tarikan) pergerakan yang membutuhkan fasilitas dan layanan transportasi b) Sistem Jaringan, yakni jaringan dan simpul-simpul fasilitas & layanan transportasi, misalnya jaringan jalan raya (arteri, kolektor, lokal), jaringan rel kereta-api, jaringan layanan transportasi umum, bandara udara, pelabuhan laut, dan lain-lain; Sistem/Sub-Sistem Jaringan melayani pergerakan Sistem Kegiatan sebagai suatu sistem, misalnya longsornya sebagian kecil jalan tol Cipularang praktis melumpuhkan fungsi utama jalan tol tersebut, yakni jalan tol Jakarta-Bandung;

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