Visualizing “typical” and “exotic” Internet traffic data

T AF DR C0 4 PA PE R ✁ ✂✆☎✞✝✄✟✡✠☛✂✆☞✌✂✎✍✑✏ ✒✔✓✖✕✄✗✘✂✆✙✚✟✡✠☛✛✜✟✡✍✣✢ ✒✥✤✧✦✩★✪✓✘✂✆✙✚✛ ✄ ✂✎✍✫✓✬✤✧✭✮✍✣✤✧✓ ✓✬✭✩✟✩✯✰✯✰✂✆✙ ✢✪✟✖✓✱✟ ✲✴✳✶✵✸✷✺✹✮✲✴✳✶✻✼✳✾✽✿✳✆✵✰✳✾✹❀✽✪❁❂✽❄❃✌✳✶✵❅✽✪❆❈❇❀❉❊✷●❋✔❍✬✳✾✹ ■❑❏✸❏▼▲❖◆◗P❘P❚❙❈❯❲❱●❳❩❨❚❬❪❭❴❫❴❳❩❵❜❛❞❝❚❡❄❢❣❝✸❤❩❝❚❭❴✐❚❥✎❝▼❦❜❧❲❬♠❱♥❨❚❬❪❭❲✐❚❱●❥♣♦q❬❪❝❚❭❖r❚❬ts✱✐❚❫✉❝✸❱♣❯❲❱●❳❩❨❚❬❪❭❘❫❖❳❩❵❜❛ ✈①✇③②⑤④▼⑥⑧⑦ ❙❄⑨♥⑨●⑩❷❶✶❸✸❹✸❺❼❻❖❽❷❾●❿➁➀❚➂➄➃✎➀❅➅❈❻➆➀❅❿✸❾❣➇❞➀❚➈●➀❅➉▼❶✶❸➊➂✺⑩❅➉✎❸➁➋♥❸❅➌❅➍❣❻✼➉➊❶✎❾①❻➆➀♥❿❚❾ ➎❣➏✿➐✱➑❣➒➔➓ ■ ➓✧→➄➣✸➣↕↔ P♠◆❖➙♠➛ ⑥➝➜▼➞ ❙❄➟➆❱❅❵✉❬❪❭❖❡➠✐❚➡↕❬❚➢ ➤✌➥➔➦❪➧➩➨➊➫●➭❚➧ ❙ ➯❼➲✎❬➳❵❖➲✎❭❖❬♠✐▼❵t❝❚❡❼➡↕❛♥➵✶❬❪❭❂✐▼❵✉❵❖✐❚➡❖➸➄❫➻➺➻❝❚❵❖❳❩❨▼✐▼❵✉❬♠❫➼❵❖➲●❬❞❱✎❬❪❬♠❥✴❵✉❝➽➺⑤❝✸❱●❳❩❵✉❝❚❭➼❳➾❱❅❵✉❬❪❭❴❱●❬❪❵✞❵✉❭❴✐▼➚➳➡❞❥●✐▼❵❖✐✱❡➪❝❚❭ ➶❳➹❵✉❝❚❝❚❵✉❭❴❬♠❳➹❱✎❱♥r➻❵❖❳➹✐❚❵✉❤➹❝➁❤❩❝✸❛t❤➹❫❪✐▼➬✆➵✺❫❖❱✎➴●❝❚➡❴❭❴➲✱➺➳✐❚✐❚❫➮❤➄➵✆❵❖➲●❬♠➲✺❝✸❫✉✐♠❬➼❨➄❳❩➴●❝❚❫❖❭♠❬♠➢➘❥☛❧q❵✉➴✎❭❴❬①✐❚❥●❵✉❳➹❝➷❵❖❳❩❵❖❝✸➲✎❱●❬❼✐❚❬♠❤➹❤❩❱●❛❞❝❚❝✸❭❴➺➻❱♣❝✸❥●➴●✐▼❫➘❵❖✐❞❨❚❝✸❳➹❱➱❤➾➴●➺➻❵❖➲✎❬♠❬ ❫➘❝❚❭❖❡✶❝➄❫❖❥●➴●➴●➡❘➡↕➲➳❵❼❥●➺⑤✐▼❵❖✐❚✐➄❱➁➬➁➴✎❫✉❡➠❵❖✐❚✐▼➡↕❵❖❵❖❳➹➴✎❫✉❵❖❭❴❳➹❳➹➡❪❱●✐❚r➳❤ ❥✎➶ ❬❭❖❝➄➡↕✐▼❬♠❭❖❫❖❵❖❫❄➺⑤➺➻❬♠❱❅❝✸❵❖❱➄❫❪❦ ➬ ✐▼❭❴❬➼❳➹❱●✐❚❥●❬♠✃♥➴●✐▼❵✉❬❚➢❑➯❼➲✎❬✞❥✎❬❪❵✉❬♠➡↕❵❖❳➹❝✸❱✱❝❚❡➷❐➆❬↕❒➄❝❚❵❖❳➹➡❪❮❰❥●✐▼❵❖✐➄➬✆Ï➮➲●❳➹➡❘➲♣➺⑤✐➩❛♣❳➹❱●➶ ❥✺❳➹➡❪✐▼❵✉❬✞✐ ➶ ❝❚❵✉❬♠❱♥❵❖❳➹✐❚❤➔✐▼❵✉❵❖✐❚➡❖➸✆➬✾➶ ❭❖❬♠✃♥➴✺❳❩❭❖❬♠❫➮✐ ➡❘➲●✐▼❭❴✐❚➡↕❵✉❬❪❭❴❳➹Ð♠✐▼❵❖❳❩❝✸❱♣❝❚❡Ñ❐➆❵③❛ ❳➾➡❪✐❚❤➹❮➻➵✶❬♠➲●✐♠❨➄❳❩❝❚❭♠➢✿Ò✰❬ ❭❖❝ ❝✸❫✉❬➷❫❖❝✸➺➻❬✞❫❖❳➹➺ ❤❩❬qr❚❭❴✐ ➲●❳➾➡❪✐❚❤✶❵✉❝♥❝✸❤➹❫➮❵❖➲●✐▼❵ ❬❪❭❴➺⑤❳➹❵❈❭❴❬♠✐❚❥✎❛ ❨➄❳➹❫❖➴✺✐❚❤➘❳➹❥✎❬♠❱♥❵❖❳❩Ó✺➡❪✐▼❵❖❳❩❝✸❱✰❝❚❡①➶ ➴●❱➁➴●❫❖➴✺✐❚❤➘❳➹❱❅❵✉❬❪❭❘❱✎❬❪❵Ñ❵✉❭❴✐▼➶ ➚➳➡ ➶ ➶ ✐▼❵✉❵✉❬❪❭❴❱●❫➼❳➹❱Ô❐✉❫✉➶ ❵✉❭❖❬♠✐❚➺⑤❳➾➶❱✎r✸❮♣❥●✐▼❵❖✐➄➢❰➯❼➲✎❬♠❫❖❬⑤➶ ➺➻❬❪❵❖➲✎❝➄❥●❫✞✐▼❭❖❬ ❳➾❤➹❤➹➴●❫✉❵✉❭❘✐▼❵✉❬♠❥❞❝✸❱♣✐⑤➺➻❝➄❥✎❬❪❭❴✐▼❵✉❬↕❦❜❫❖❳❩Ð❪❬♠❥✱❥●✐▼❵❖✐⑤❫✉❬❪❵tÕ ♠Ö❚× ➬ÙØ▼Ú × ❭❖❬♠➡↕❝❚❭❘❥●❫❘Û❣➡↕❝✸❤➹❤➹❬♠➡↕❵✉❬♠❥☛✐▼❵q♦❲❬❪❝❚❭❴r❚❬ts✱✐❚❫✉❝✸❱☛❯❲❱●❳❩❨❚❬❪❭❴❫❖❳➹❵❜❛❚➢ Ü ◆❪Ý⑤Þ ➜ ▲✉❏➊P❚❙❈❤➹❝❚r✸✐▼❭❴❳❩❵❖➲●➺⑤❳➾➡❑❵✉❭❘✐❚❱●❫✉❡⑧❝❚❭❴➺⑤✐▼❵❖❳❩❝✸❱✾➬✎➡↕❝✸➺ ➶ ➴✎❵❖✐▼❵❖❳❩❝✸❱●✐❚❤✥➺⑤❬❪❵❖➲✎❝➁❥✺❫❪➬✎❭❖❬♠➡❪➴✎❭❴❫❴❳❩❨❚❬Ñ➡↕❝✸➺ ➶ ➴✎❵❖✐▼❵❖❳❩❝✸❱✥➬✎r❚❭❴✐ ➶ ➲●❳➹➡❪✐❚❤ ❥✺❳➹❫ ➶ ❤➹✐➩❛➁❫♠➬➁❬↕❒ ➶ ❤❩❝❚❭❘✐▼❵✉❝❚❭❖❛✌❥✺✐▼❵❖✐⑤✐❚❱●✐❚❤❩❛➄❫❖❳➹❫❪➢ ß à ✹âá❚✵✸ã➘✽✿ä❀å➁á✸æçã✔✹ ❢❣❛♥➵✶❬❪❭❑✐▼❵✉❵❖✐❚➡❴➸➁❫q❝✸❱➽➡↕❝✸➺ ➶ ➴●❵✉❬❪❭❲❱✎❬❪❵③Ï❀❝❚❭❴➸➁❫❑❝❚❭ ➶ ❬❪❭❘❫✉❝✸❱●✐❚❤✥➡↕❝✸➺ ➶ ➴✎❵✉❬❪❭❴❫❲➲●✐♠❨❚❬t➵✶❬♠➡↕❝✸➺➻❬➼➺⑤✐❷è✉❝❚❭q❵❖➲✎❭❖❬♠✐▼❵❖❫❑❵✉❝✌❱●❬♠✐▼❭❴❤❩❛ ✐❚❤➾❤❄❝ ➶ ❬❪❭❴✐▼❵❖❳❩❝✸❱●❫t❳➹❱é❫❖❝➁➡❪❳❩❬❪❵③❛❚➢ês♣❬❪❵❖➲✎❝➄❥●❫➼❵✉❝✱❵❖➲♥Ï❈✐▼❭❴❵t❫❖➴✺➡❴➲ë✐▼❵✉❵❖✐❚➡❴➸➁❫➳✐▼❭❖❬❞❫✉❬❪❭❘❳❩❝✸➴●❫❖❤❩❛✰❱✎❬❪❬♠❥●❬♠❥✾➢♣➯❼➲✎❬ ➶ ❭❖❝❚➵✺❤❩❬♠➺ì❝❚❡ ❥●❬❪❵✉❬♠➡↕❵❖❳➹❱✎r➱➴●❱➁➴●❫❖➴●✐❚❤â➵✶❬♠➲●✐♠❨➄❳❩❝❚❭q❳➹❱ê❥●✐▼❵❖✐❰❫✉❵✉❭❖❬♠✐❚➺⑤❫q❝➄➡❪➡❪➴✎❭❴❫q❳➹❱➽➺⑤✐❚❱♥❛♣Ó●❬♠❤➹❥✺❫❪➬✆❫❴➴●➡❴➲ê✐❚❫Ñ❳➹❱➽❥●❳➹❫✉❬♠✐❚❫❖❬t❫❖➴●❭❖❨❚❬♠❳➹❤➹❤➹✐❚❱✺➡↕❬❚➬ ❱➁➴●➡❪❤❩❬♠✐▼❭ ➶ ❭❖❝➄❥●➴●➡↕❵➷➺⑤✐❚❱➁➴✎❡➠✐❚➡↕❵❖➴✎❭❴❳➹❱●r✎➬â✐❚❱●❥ ➶ ➲✎❝✸❱✎❬➳✐❚❱✺❥ë➡↕❭❖❬♠❥●❳➹❵➷➡❪✐▼❭❴❥✴➴✺❫✉❬❚➢✌í❲❳➹❫✉❵✉❝❚❭❘❳➹➡❪✐❚❤➹❤❩❛❚➬➔➺⑤✐❚❱♥➴●❡⑧✐❚➡↕❵❖➴✎❭❘❳➹❱✎r♣✐❚❱●❥ Óî❱●✐❚❱●➡❪❳➹✐❚❤❀❳➹❱●❥●➴●❫❖❵✉❭❴❳❩❬♠❫Ñ➲●✐➩❨❚❬✌❭❴❬♠❤➹❳❩❬♠❥é❝✸❱✧➡↕❝✸❱♥❨❚❬♠❱❅❵❖❳❩❝✸❱✺✐❚❤❈❫❖❵❖✐▼❵❖❳➹❫✉❵❖❳➹➡❪✐❚❤ ➶ ❭❖❝➄➡↕❬♠❫❖❫t➺➻❝✸❱●❳❩❵✉❝❚❭❴❳➾❱✎r☛❵✉❝➁❝✸❤➹❫❪➬❄❫❖➴●➡❘➲✴✐❚❫t➡↕❝✸❱➄❦ ❵✉❭❴❝✸❤❄➡❴➲●✐▼❭❴❵❖❫➷✐❚❱●❥ ➶ ❭❴❝➁➡↕❬♠❫❖❫➷ï●❝➩Ï✡❥✺❳➹✐▼r❚❭❴✐❚➺⑤❫❪➢➳ð➄➴✺➡❴➲ê❵✉❝➁❝✸❤➹❫➷✐▼❭❖❬⑤❭❴❬♠❤➹❳➹✐▼➵✺❤❩❬❂✐❚❱●❥✰✐ ➶●➶ ❭❖❝ ➶ ❭❴❳➹✐▼❵✉❬❚➬✔➵✆❬♠➡❪✐❚➴✺❫✉❬➻❵❖➲✎❬⑤❥●✐▼❵❖✐ ❫❖❵✉❭❖❬♠✐❚➺⑤❫✿➡❪✐❚❱❞➵✶❬❼❫✉❵✉❭❴✐▼❵❖❳❩Ó✺❬♠❥➳❳➹❱♥❵✉❝➷❭❖❬♠✐❚❫✉❝✸❱✺✐▼➵✺❤❩❛➻❳➹❱●❥✎❬ ➶ ❬♠❱●❥●❬♠❱❅❵➘❫✉❬❪❭❴❳➹❬♠❫❪➢➔ñ●❝❚❭❀❬↕❒✎✐❚➺ ➶ ❤❩❬❚➬➁➺➻❝✸❱●❳❩❵✉❝❚❭❘❳➹❱✎r➷✐✞➡❪➴✺❫✉❵✉❝✸➺➻❬❪❭♠òó❫ ➡↕❭❴❬♠❥●❳❩❵➷➡❪✐▼❭❴❥✴➴●❫✉❬⑤❭❖❬♠❤➾❳❩❬♠❫q❝✸❱ë✐❚❱✴✐❚❱●✐❚❤❩❛➄❫❖❳➹❫Ñ❝❚❡❣❵❖➲✎❬➳❥✺✐▼❵❖✐➱❡➪❭❴❝✸➺ô❵❖➲✎❬➳➡❪➴✺❫✉❵✉❝✸➺➻❬❪❭♠òó❫ ✐❚❫✉❵✞➡❘➲●✐▼❭❖r✸❳➹❱✎r✱✐❚➺➻❝✸➴●❱♥❵❖❫➼✐❚❱●❥ ❡⑧❭❖❬♠✃➁➴✎❬♠❱●➡❪❳❩❬♠❫♠➢➽➯❼➲✺❳➹❫✞❥●✐▼❵❖✐ê❫✉❵✉❭❴❬♠✐❚➺✜❳➾❫➼✐ê➺t➴●➡❴➲õ❫❖➺⑤✐❚❤➾❤❩❬❪❭➼❥●✐▼❵❖✐ê❫✉❬❪❵❂❵❖➲●✐❚❱✴❵❖➲✎❬❰❬♠❱♥➶ ❵❖❳❩❭❖❬❰❥●✐▼❵❖✐▼➵✺✐❚❫✉❬❚➬❄Ï❑❳❩❵❖➲ë❬❪❨❚❬♠❱♥❵❖❫ ❝➄➡❪➡❪➴✎❭❖❭❘❳➹❱✎r➳❳❩❭❴❭❖❬❪r✸➴●❤➹✐▼❭❴❤➹❛❞➵✺➴●❵❑❱✎❝❚❵❑❡➪❭❖❬♠✃➁➴✎❬♠❱♥❵❖❤❩❛✆ö✆➺➻❝❚❭❴❬❪❝➩❨❚❬❪❭♠➬✾❝✸❱✎❬❂➡❪➴●❫✉❵✉❝✸➺⑤❬❪❭♠òó❫q❥●✐▼❵❖✐❞❫❖❵✉❭❖❬♠✐❚➺÷➡❪✐❚❱♣➵✶❬➼➡↕❝✸❱✺❫❖❳➹❥✎❬❪❭❖❬♠❥ ✐❚❫❂❳➹❱✺❥✎❬ ➶ ❬♠❱●❥✎❬♠❱♥❵Ñ❝❚❡❼❝❚❵❖➲✎❬❪❭➻➡❪➴●❫✉❵✉❝✸➺➻❬❪❭❘❫❪ò➔❥✺✐▼❵❖✐➽❫❖❵✉❭❖❬♠✐❚➺⑤❫❪➢➽➟✼❱✧➡↕❝✸❱♥❵✉❭❴✐❚❫✉❵❪➬✿❳➹❱♥❵✉❬❪❭❴❱✎❬❪❵t❵✉❭❴✐▼➚➳➡✌❥●✐▼❵❖✐➽✐▼❭❖❬✌❨➁❳❩❭❴❵❖➴●✐❚❤➹❤❩❛ ➡↕❝✸❱♥❵❖❳➹❱➁➴✎❝✸➴●❫✞Õ➠❤➾❳➹➺⑤❳❩❵✉❬♠❥✌❝✸❱●❤❩❛✌➵➁❛❞❵❖➲✎❬Ñ❭❴❬♠❫✉❝✸❤➹➴✎❵❖❳❩❝✸❱❰❝❚❡ø❵❖➲✎❬Ñ❵❖❳➾➺➻❬➷➡❪❤❩❝➄➡❖➸❰❵❖➲●✐▼❵➮➡❪✐ ❵❖➴●❭❖❬♠❫①❵❖➲✎❬♠➺❞Û❘➬î✐❚❱●❥➱❵❖➲✎❬➷❥●✐▼❵❖✐⑤❡➪❝❚❭ ❝✸❱●❬✞❫✉❛➄❫✉❵✉❬♠➺✫❳➹❱♥❨❚❝✸❤❩❨❚❬✞➲➁➴●❱●❥✎❭❴❬♠❥●❫❈❝❚❡â❵❖➲✎❝✸➴✺❫❖✐❚❱●❥●❫①❝❚❡➔❝❚❵❖➲✎❬❪❭❲➡↕❝✸➺ ➶ ➴✎❵✉❬❪❭❼❝❚❭❲❱✎❬❪❵❜➶Ï❈❝❚❭❖➸➱❫✉❛➄❫✉❵✉❬♠➺⑤❫❪➢ ➯✔❝➁❝✸❤➹❫➼❡➪❝❚❭➻➺➻❝✸❱●❳➹❵✉❝❚❭❴❳➹❱✎r♣❫❴➴●➡❴➲✧❥●✐▼❵❖✐➽✐▼❭❖❬❞❬♠❫❴❫✉❬♠❱❅❵❖❳➾✐❚❤➝➢ê❢❈❝✸❱♥❨❚❬♠❱♥❵❖❳❩❝✸❱●✐❚❤❣❫✉❵❖✐▼❵❖❳➹❫✉❵❖❳➾➡❪✐❚❤❀✐❚❱●✐❚❤➹❛➁❫❖❳➾❫➷❝❚❡⑧❵✉❬♠❱✧✐❚❫❴❫❖➴●➺➻❬♠❫ ❵❖➲✺✐▼❵✞❥●✐▼❵❖✐❰❡⑧❝✸❤➹❤❩❝➩Ï✩✐♣➺⑤✐▼❵❖➲✎❬♠➺⑤✐▼❵❖❳➹➡❪✐❚❤➾❤❩❛♣❵✉❭❴✐❚➡↕❵❖✐▼➵î❤❩❬ ➶ ❭❖❝❚➵î✐▼➵✺❳➹❤➹❳❩❵③❛♣❥●❳➹❫❖❵✉❭❴❳❩➵✺➴✎❵❖❳➹❝✸❱☛❡➠➴●❱●➡↕❵❖❳❩❝✸❱✰✐❚❱●❥êÏ❑❳➹❤➹❤â❛➁❳❩❬♠❤➾❥ê❨➊✐❚❤➹❳➾❥ ❬♠❫❖❵❖❳➹➺⑤✐▼❵✉❬♠❫➼❝❚❡①❵❖➲✎❬ ➶ ✐▼❭❘✐❚➺➻❬❪❵✉❬❪❭❴❫➼❝❚❡①❵❖➲●❳➹❫✞❥✺❳➹❫✉❵✉❭❴❳❩➵î➴✎❵❖❳❩❝✸❱✾➢✌ð✎➴●➡❴➲✴✐ ➶●➶ ❭❖❝✸✐❚➡❘➲✎❬♠❫➼➡❪✐❚❱✺❱✎❝❚❵➼➵✶❬➳➴✺❫✉❬♠❥é❝✸❱✧➺⑤❳➹❤➹❤➾❳❩❝✸❱●❫❲❝❚❡ ❥✺✐▼❵❖✐ ➶ ❝✸❳➹❱♥❵❖❫❪➢♣♦❲❭❴✐ ➶ ➲●❳➾➡❪✐❚❤➘❵✉❝♥❝✸❤➾❫✞❡⑧❝❚❭➼❫✉❵✉❭❴❬♠✐❚➺⑤❳➹❱✎r♣❥✺✐▼❵❖✐♣❝▼ù✶❬❪❭t➲●❝ ➶ ❬➳❝❚❡❼❳➹❥✎❬♠❱♥❵❖❳❩❡➪❛➄❳➹❱✎r ➶ ❝❚❵✉❬♠❱♥❵❖❳➹✐❚❤✿➡↕❛➁➵✶❬❪❭❴✐▼❵✉❵❖✐❚➡❖➸➄❫❪➬ ➶❥●❬♠✐▼❫❖❭❖➡↕❵❖❭❴❳➹➡❪❳❩➵✶➴●❬♠❤➹✐▼❥❰❭❘❤❩❳➹❛♣❱♣Ï➮ð➁❬♠➲●➡↕❬♠❵❖❱é❳❩❝✸❵❖❱➽➲✎❬✌ú➁➢ ❵✉❝♥❝✸❤➾❫✞✐▼❭❖❬✌❵❖✐❚❳➹❤❩❝❚❭❖❬♠❥ë❡➪❝❚❭t❵❖➲✎❬✌✐ ➶●➶ ❤➹❳➹➡❪✐▼❵❖❳➹❝✸❱✾➢✌ñ●❬♠✐▼❵❖➴✎❭❖❬♠❫❂❝❚❡❼❳➹❱♥❵✉❬❪❭❴❱✎❬❪❵➷❵✉❭❘✐▼➚➳➡❞❥✺✐▼❵❖✐✱✐▼❭❖❬ û ❨❚❬♠❱üÏ➮❳➹❵❖➲ü❱✎❝➩❨❚❬♠❤➮r❚❭❴✐ ➲●❳➹➡❪✐❚❤①❥✺❳➹❫ ❤➹✐➩❛➁❫t❡⑧❝❚❭➳➺⑤✐❚❫❖❫❴❳❩❨❚❬☛❥●✐▼❵❖✐é❫✉❵✉❭❴❬♠✐❚➺⑤❫❪➬❣➲✎❝➩Ï❈❬❪❨❚❬❪❭♠➬①✐✰➡❴➲●✐▼❭❘✐❚➡↕❵✉❬❪❭❴❳❩Ð♠✐▼❵❖❳❩❝✸❱✘❝❚❡ ❐➆❵③❛ ➶ ❳➹➡❪✐❚❤➹❮①➵✶❬♠➲●✐➩❨➁❳❩❝❚❭â❳➹❫✥❫✉❵❖❳➹❤➾❤❚➶ ❱✎❬❪❬♠❥✎❬♠❥✾➬➊❫✉❝❼➶ ❭❖❬♠❤❩❬❪❨▼✐❚❱♥❵✥r❚❭❴✐ ➶ ➲●❳➾➡❪✐❚❤❚❵✉❝♥❝✸❤➾❫✥➡❪✐❚❱✞➵✶❬❄➺⑤✐❚❥●❬❄➺➻❝❚❭❖❬✿❫✉❬♠❱✺❫❖❳❩❵❖❳❩❨❚❬➘❵✉❝❲➡❪✐ ➶ ❵❖➴✎❭❴❳➹❱●r ❬↕❒➄❝❚❵❖❳➹➡t❝❚❭➷✐▼➵✺❱✎❝❚❭❘➺⑤✐❚❤ ➶ ✐▼❵✉❵✉❬❪❭❴❱●❫❪➢➷➯①Ï❈❝➱✐ ➶●➶ ❭❖❝✸✐❚➡❘➲✎❬♠❫q❵✉❝❰❵❖➲✎❬❂❥✎❬❪❵✉❬♠➡↕❵❖❳❩❝✸❱ ➶ ❭❴❝❚➵✺❤❩❬♠➺✫❵❖➲●❭❖❝✸➴✎r✸➲➽❨➁❳➾❫❖➴●✐❚❤➹❳❩Ð♠✐▼❵❖❳➹❝✸❱✱✐▼❭❖❬ ❥✺❳➹❫❖➡❪➴●❫❖❫❖❬♠❥✰❳➹❱✰❵❖➲●❳➹❫✞✐▼❭❖❵❖❳➹➡❪❤❩❬❚➢☛ð➁❬♠➡↕❵❖❳❩❝✸❱ Ö ❥✎❬♠❫❖➡↕❭❴❳➹➵✆❬♠❫Ñ✐✘❐✉❥✎❭❴❳➹❤➾❤ý❦❜❥✎❝➩Ï❑❱●❮❞✐ ➶✺➶ ❭❖❝✸✐❚➡❴➲✴❵✉❝♣❨➄❳❩❬❪Ï➮❳➾❱✎r➱❤➹✐▼❭❖r❚❬➳❥●✐▼❵❖✐✱❫✉❬❪❵❖❫❪➬ ❳➾❤➹❤➹➴●❫✉❵✉❭❘✐▼❵✉❬♠❥ü❝✸❱✘✐✧❥●✐▼❵❖✐✧❫✉❬❪❵✌❝❚❡ ♠Ö❚× ➬ÙØ▼Ú × ❭❖❬♠➡↕❝❚❭❴❥●❫❰➡↕❝✸❤➹❤➹❬♠➡↕❵✉❬♠❥✖❝❷❨❚❬❪❭☛✐ë❝✸❱✎❬↕❦❜➲●❝✸➴✎❭ ➶ ❬❪❭❴❳➹❝➁❥þ✐▼❵☛♦❲❬❪❝❚❭❖r❚❬és✱✐❚❫✉❝✸❱ ÿ R ✂✁☎✄✝✆✟✞✡✠☞☛✌✄✝✍✏✎✟✑✓✒✔✞✖✕✗✍✌✄✝✘✙✁✛✚✢✜✣✞✖☛✌✕✗✠✤✄✝✥✦✞✖☛★✧✩☛✪✞✖✕✗✘✙✁☎✜✫✧✭✬☎✬☎✠✌✘✙✧✟✕☞✮✰✯✲✱✳✞✡✆✟✘✙✴✶✵✣✍✌✄✶✘✙✁☎✧✭✠✌✎✸✷✟✠✤✧✭✬✹✮☎✄✶✕✡✧✟✴✺✜☎✄✻☛✪✬✹✴✶✧✼✎✔☛✌✽✺✯✟✾✿✮☎✄✶✕✤✮✸✬☎✠✤✞✖☛✪✞✖✁❀✍ ✍✌✮☎✞❁✜☎✧✭✍✌✧✫✘✙✁☎✴✝✎❂✾❃✄✝✍✌✮☎✄✶✁❄✧❅✁☎✧✭✠✌✠✌✘❆✾❇✍✌✄✶❈✛✞✢✾❃✄✶✁☎✜☎✘✼✾❊❉❋✞✟✑●✷✣✑✝✯■❍✡❏✫❈✫✄✶✁❑✵☎✍✪✞✖☛☞▲☞▼✹✞✖✧✭✠✤✴✶✎◆✜✹✧✭✍✌✧✫✜☎✄✶☛✤✧✭✬☎✬✦✞✖✧✭✠❃✧✟☛❃✁✣✞✡✾❖✯P❈◗✘✟✠✌✞ ✠✤✞✖✕✗✞✖✁❀✍❘✜☎✧✭✍✌✧✺✯P✕✗✘✙❈✛✞✸✄✶✁❑✍✪✘✛✆✺✄✝✞✡✾✢✑❚❙❯✾❱✘✫✞✗❲✣✧✟❈◗✬✹✴✝✞✖☛✿✧✭✠✌✞❳✱✳✾❚✧✭✍✪✞✡✠✌❨❩✧✟✴✶✴✲✜☎✄✻✧✭✷✟✠✤✧✟❈✛✽✫✧✟✁✹✜❬✱✪☛✪❭✔✎✔✴✶✄✻✁✣✞❖✜☎✄✶☛✌✬✹✴✶✧✖✎✟✑❯✒✔✞✖✕✗✍✌✄✝✘✙✁ ❪ ✘✭❫❴✞✡✠✤☛❃✧✛☛✌✵☎❈✛❈✫✧✭✠✌✎❅✧✟✁☎✜❵✬☎✠✌✘✟✬✦✘✙☛✌✧✟✴✶☛❚❨❋✘✟✠❛❨❩✵✣✠✌✍✌✮✣✞✡✠❯✾❱✘✟✠✌❭❴✑ T AF DR C0 4 PA PE ❜ ❝■❞☎❡❴❢✙❣✓❤❀❞✹✐❵❥❧❦✸♠✏♥♦❢✟❞☎❤❀♥♣❞✣❢❄❢✟❤✙❡❴qsr✉t✓❡❴❢✟❡ ♦❙ ✘✛❈◗✘✙✁☎✄✶✍✪✘✟✠❚✄✻✁❀✍✪✞✡✠✤✁☎✞✡✍❱✍✪✠☞✧✭✈✫✕❘✜☎✧✭✍✌✧✇❨①✘✟✠❯✬✦✘✟✍✪✞✖✁❑✍✌✄✶✧✟✴✦✧✭✍✪✍✌✧✟✕✌❭✺☛✡✯✹✘✟✠✤✷✙✧✟✁☎✄✝②✖✧✭✍✌✄✝✘✙✁☎☛❚✾✿✄✶✴✶✴❴✄✶✁☎☛✪✍✌✧✟✴✶✴P✧✟✁✣✘✙✁❑✎✔❈◗✘✙✵✹☛❯☛✌✵✣✠✌✆✟✞✖✄✶✴✝③ ✴✻✧✟✁☎✕✗✞✸❈✫✧✟✕✤✮☎✄✶✁☎✞✖☛✿✘✙✵☎✍✌☛✌✄✶✜✣✞✇✧④✱✳⑤☎✠✌✞✡✾❚✧✟✴✶✴✶✽❅✍✪✘◆❈✛✘✙✁☎✄✝✍✪✘✟✠✩✄✶✁☎✕✗✘✙❈✛✄✻✁✣✷❅✧✟✁☎✜⑥✘✙✵✣✍✪✷✟✘✙✄✻✁✣✷❅✍✪✠☞✧✭✈✫✕✭✑❖⑦✣✘✟✠✢✧◆✜☎✄✶☛✤✕✡✵☎☛✌☛✌✄✝✘✙✁⑧✘✟❨ ✍✌✮☎✞❃✍✏✎✔✬✦✞✖☛♣✘✟❨✰✬✹✠✌✘✟✷✟✠✤✧✟❈✛☛⑨✍✌✮☎✧✭✍⑨❈✛✘✙✁☎✄✝✍✪✘✟✠♣✍✪✠☞✧✭✈✫✕❃⑩✹✘✼✾✢✯✔☛✪✞✡✞❘❶❳✧✭✠✤✕☞✮✣✞✡✍✪✍✪✞✛❉ ÿ ❏✟❏✣❍✭✯P❷❚✮✰✑✙✚❑▲☞✑✓❸❘✧✭✍✌✧✇✕✗✘✙✴✶✴✝✞✖✕✗✍✪✞✖✜❂✜☎✵✣✠✤✄✻✁✣✷ ✧✟✁❹✄✶✁❑✍✪✞✡✠✤✁✣✞✡✍✂☛✪✞✖☛✌☛✌✄✶✘✙✁❳✄✶✁✹✕✡✴✶✵☎✜✣✞✖☛❛❈✫✧✟✁❀✎❵❨❋✞✖✧✭✍✌✵✣✠✌✞✖☛✖▼✰❭✟✞✡✎❵❨①✞✖✧✭✍✌✵☎✠✌✞✖☛❘✄✶✁☎✕✡✴✶✵☎✜☎✞❖☛✪✘✙✵✣✠✤✕✗✞✇✧✟✁☎✜⑥✜✣✞✖☛✪✍✌✄✶✁✹✧✭✍✌✄✝✘✙✁⑧✧✟✜☎✜☎✠✌✞✖☛✌☛✪✞✖☛✡✯ ☛✌✘✙✵✣✠✤✕✗✞❖✧✟✁☎✜❄✜☎✞✖☛✪✍✌✄✶✁☎✧✭✍✌✄✝✘✙✁❵✬❴✘✟✠✤✍✌☛✡✯✣✧✟✁☎✜❵❈◗✞✖✧✟☛✌✵☎✠✌✞✖☛❯✘✟❨■☛✌✄✝②✡✞✢✧✟✁☎✜⑧✜☎✵✣✠✤✧✭✍✌✄✝✘✙✁◆✘✟❨❺✍✌✮✣✞❖☛✌✞✖☛✌☛✌✄✝✘✙✁✰✑ ❻✪❼❾❽✙❿❀❿✭➀✪➁✗➂✤➂✖➁➃➂ ➄➅✁❑✍✪✞✡✠✤✁✣✞✡✍❱✍✪✠✤✧✭✈✫✕✿✬☎✠✌✘✺✕✗✞✡✞✖✜☎☛✓❨❋✠✌✘✙❈❊✘✙✁✣✞❘❈✛✧✟✕✤✮☎✄✻✁✣✞❃✍✪✘✇✧✟✁✣✘✟✍✌✮✣✞✡✠✖✯✺✵☎☛✌✄✻✁✣✷❖✧✢✬✹✠✌✘✟✍✪✘✔✕✗✘✙✴❴❨❋✘✟✠❱✜✹✧✭✍✌✧❖✍✪✠✤✧✟✁✹☛✪❨①✞✡✠⑨❭✔✁☎✘✼✾❃✁ ✧✟☛♣➄➅✁❑✍✪✞✡✠✤✁✣✞✡✍✓➆♣✠✌✘✟✍✪✘✺✕✗✘✙✴♦❉❋➄✳➆❱▲☞✯✙✾❃✮✹✄✶✕✤✮◗✜☎✄✶✠✌✞✖✕✗✍★✍✌✮✣✞❛✍✪✠✤✧✟✁☎☛✤❈✛✄✶☛✌☛✌✄✶✘✙✁❁✘✟❨✦✜☎✧✭✍✌✧✢✧✟❈✛✘✙✁✣✷❖❈✛✧✟✕☞✮☎✄✶✁✣✞✖☛✓✜✹✵✣✠✤✄✶✁✣✷❘✧✟✁✛✄✶✁❑✍✪✞✡✠✤✁✣✞✡✍ ☛✌✞✖☛✌☛✌✄✝✘✙✁✰✑■❙❛✮☎✞❂✱✳➄✳➆❬✮✣✞✖✧✟✜✣✞✡✠☞✽✸✕✗✘✙✁❑✍✌✧✟✄✶✁☎☛❯☛✌✞✡✆✟✞✡✠✤✧✟✴✰✄✶❈◗✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✌✧✟✁❑✍⑨✬P✄✝✞✖✕✗✞✖☛❱✘✟❨♦✄✶✁✣❨❋✘✟✠✤❈✛✧✭✍✌✄✶✘✙✁✰✑♣✒✺✵☎✕✡✕✗✞✖☛✌☛✪❨❩✵☎✴P✞✗❲✔✞✖✕✡✵☎✍✌✄✝✘✙✁◆✘✟❨ ✍✌✮☎✞✖☛✪✞❛✄✶✁☎☛✪✍✪✠☞✵☎✕✗✍✌✄✝✘✙✁☎☛★✜✣✞✡✬✦✞✖✁☎✜☎☛★✵✣✬✦✘✙✁✸✍✌✮✣✞❯✠✌✞✖✴✻✄✶✧✭✥✹✴✝✞❚✧✟✜☎✜✣✠✌✞✖☛✤☛✌✄✶✁✣✷❘✧✟✁☎✜◗✧✟✕✡✕✗✞✖☛✌☛✌✄✻✁✣✷✢✘✟❨✦✄✶✁☎✜☎✄✝✆✺✄✶✜☎✵✹✧✟✴✙❈✛✧✟✕✤✮✹✄✶✁✣✞✖☛★✘✙✁◗✍✌✮✣✞ ✁☎✞✡✍✏✾❱✘✟✠✌❭P▼✺✕✗✘✙✁☎☛✪✞✖➇✔✵✣✞✖✁❑✍✌✴✝✎✟✯✔✞✖✧✟✕✤✮❂❈✛✧✟✕✤✮☎✄✻✁✣✞❛✄✶☛✓✄✶✜☎✞✖✁❀✍✌✄✝⑤✹✞✖✜❁✥✔✎◗✧✟✁✛➄✳➆➈✧✟✜☎✜☎✠✌✞✖☛✌☛✡✯✙✾✿✮☎✄✶✕✤✮◗✄✻☛■✞✖✄✝✍✌✮✣✞✡✠✓⑤☎❲✔✞✖✜⑧❉❩✧✟✁✹✜✫✮✣✞✖✁☎✕✗✞ ✵✹✁☎✄✶➇✔✵✣✞✢✍✪✘◆✧✫✷✙✄✝✆✟✞✖✁❹❈✛✧✟✕☞✮☎✄✶✁✣✞❆▲❛✘✟✠✂✞✖✴✶☛✪✞✇✜✣✎✔✁✹✧✟❈✛✄✶✕✡✧✟✴✶✴✝✎◆✧✟☛✌☛✌✄✶✷✙✁✣✞✖✜⑧✾✿✮✣✞✖✁❳✁☎✞✡✞✖✜✣✞✖✜➉❉❋✞✟✑●✷✣✑✝✯✰✥✔✎⑧✧❅✾❃✄✝✠✌✞✖✴✶✞✖☛✌☛❃☛✪✎✺☛✪✍✪✞✖❈❄✯ ✧✟✁✹✜◆✍✌✮✣✞✖✁❄✠✌✞✖✧✟☛✌☛✤✄✝✷✙✁✣✞✖✜◆✍✪✘✫✧✟✁✣✘✟✍✌✮☎✞✡✠❃☛✪✎✺☛✪✍✪✞✖❈➊✾❃✮✣✞✖✁◆✍✌✮☎✞✢✄✶✁❀✍✪✞✡✠☞✁✣✞✡✍❛☛✪✞✖☛✌☛✌✄✶✘✙✁◆✞✖✁☎✜☎☛☞▲☞✑⑨✒✺✄✻✁☎✕✗✞❘✞✖✧✟✕✤✮❵➄✳➆➋✧✟✜✹✜✣✠✌✞✖☛✌☛❯✄✶☛❯✧ ➌ ÿ ③➍✥P✄✝✍⑨✁✔✵☎❈❁✥❴✞✡✠♣✠✌✞✡✬☎✠✌✞✖☛✪✞✖✁❑✍✪✞✖✜✫✄✻✁◗❨①✘✙✵☎✠❱➎❆③➍✥✹✄✝✍♣⑤☎✞✖✴✶✜☎☛❃❉❋✞✟✑●✷✣✑✝✯✰❍ ÿ✙➏ ✑➐❏✺✑➐❏✺✑✶❍✼▲☞✯ ÿ✭➑✪➒✿➓ ✚✣✯ ÿ✟➔ ✚✣✯ ➔✟→✙➏ ✯ ÿ✟➔✟→ ❈✛✧✟✕✤✮☎✄✻✁✣✞✖☛♣✕✡✧✟✁❅✥✦✞ ❚ ✧✟✜✹✜✣✠✌✞✖☛✌☛✪✞✖✜❧✑❺➄✳✁◆✬☎✠✤✧✟✕✗✍✌✄✻✕✗✞✟✯☎✍✌✮✣✞✩✁❑✵✹❈❖✥✦✞✡✠❛✄✶☛❚❈✸✵☎✕✤✮❵☛✤❈✛✧✟✴✶✴✝✞✡✠✖✯✺✜☎✵✣✞❘✍✪✘✛✁✣✞✡✍➣✾⑨✘✟✠✤❭◆✕✗✘✙✁❑✆✟✞✖✁❑✍✌✄✝✘✙✁☎☛✡▼☎✞✟✑●✷✣✑✝✯✹✍✌✮✣✞✩⑤☎✠✤☛✪✍❚✘✙✁✣✞ ✘✟✠⑨✍✏✾❱✘✇➎❆③➍✥P✄✝✍✓⑤☎✞✖✴✶✜✹☛✓✕✡✧✟✁❅✄✻✜✣✞✖✁❀✍✌✄✶❨①✎❁✍✌✮✣✞✿✁✣✞✡✍➣✾⑨✘✟✠✤❭P✯✔✠✌✞✖✜☎✵☎✕✡✄✻✁✣✷✩✍✌✮✣✞❛✍✪✘✟✍✌✧✟✴✦✁✔✵☎❈❖✥✦✞✡✠✓✍✪✘ ÿ✭➒✳↔✂➓ ❍ → ✯ ➏✟➏✟➏ ✯ ÿ ❍ → ✘✟✠ ÿ❑↕✏➙✿➓ →✟❪ ✯ ❪✟➌✟→ ✬✦✘✙☛✌☛✌✄✝✥P✴✝✞✂✧✟✜✹✜✣✠✌✞✖☛✌☛✪✞✖☛❛✍✪✘✫✥✦✞✢❈◗✘✙✁☎✄✝✍✪✘✟✠✤✞✖✜✰✑⑨❶❳✵☎✴✝✍✌✄✝✬✹✴✻✄✝✞✖✜✫✥✔✎❂✍✌✮✣✞✢✆✟✘✙✴✶✵☎❈✛✞✢✘✟❨★✍✪✠✤✧✭✈✫✕✢✜☎✵☎✠✤✄✶✁✣✷✇✧◗✷✙✄✝✆✟✞✖✁❳✜☎✧✖✎✟✯ ✕✗✘✙✁❑✆✟✞✖✁❑✍✌✄✝✘✙✁☎✧✟✴✦☛✪✍✌✧✭✍✌✄✶✕✿✷✟✠✤✧✭✬✹✮☎☛❱✕✡✧✟✁☎✁✣✘✟✍❚✜☎✄✶☛✌✬✹✴✶✧✖✎◗☛✌✵✹✕✤✮❅✍✪✠✌✞✖❈◗✞✖✁☎✜✣✘✙✵✹☛✓✆✟✘✙✴✶✵☎❈✛✞✖☛⑨✘✟❨❧✜✹✧✭✍✌✧❖✘✙✁◆✧❖☛✌✎✔☛✪✍✪✞✖❈➛✾❃✄✶✍✌✮✛⑤✹✁☎✄✶✍✪✞ ✠✤✞✖☛✪✘✙✴✶✵✣✍✌✄✝✘✙✁❧✑★❙❃✮✣✞✩➄➅➆➜✮✣✞✖✧✟✜✣✞✡✠❃✕✡✧✭✬✹✍✌✵✣✠✌✞✖☛❛✍✌✮☎✞✩✍✏✾❱✘❅✧✟✜☎✜✣✠✤✞✖☛✌☛✌✧✭✥✹✴✝✞✩❈✛✧✟✕☞✮☎✄✶✁✣✞✖☛❃✄✶✁❀✆✟✘✙✴✶✆✟✞✖✜❵✄✶✁❄✧✟✁❵✄✶✁❑✍✪✞✡✠✤✁✣✞✡✍✿☛✪✞✖☛✌☛✌✄✝✘✙✁❧✑ ➝ ➀✪❽✭➞✣➂☞➟✇➠①➂✤➂➃➠❩➡✭➞➤➢■➡✭➞✹➥❩➀✪➡✭➦✰❼❯➀✳➡✙➥➍➡✖➧✤➡✭➦ ➨ ✕✗✘✙❈✛❈◗✘✙✁◆✕✗✘✙❈✛❈✸✵☎✁☎✄✶✕✡✧✭✍✌✄✶✘✙✁✛✬☎✠✌✘✟✍✪✘✺✕✗✘✙✴✦✄✶☛♣❙♦✠✤✧✟✁☎☛✤❈✛✄✶☛✌☛✌✄✶✘✙✁❅❷❱✘✙✁❑✍✪✠✌✘✙✴P➆♣✠✌✘✟✍✪✘✺✕✗✘✙✴★❉❩❙✂❷❚➆❱▲☞✑✺❙✿❷❚➆➉✄✶❈◗✬✹✴✶✞✖❈◗✞✖✁❀✍✌☛ ✧✸✍➣✾⑨✘✭③➍✾❚✧✖✎❵✕✗✘✙✁☎✁☎✞✖✕✗✍✌✄✝✘✙✁◆✥✦✞✡✍✏✾❱✞✡✞✖✁❄❈✛✧✟✕✤✮☎✄✻✁✣✞✖☛❯✧✟✁☎✜◆✕✗✘✙✁❀✍✌✧✟✄✻✁☎☛❚✍✌✮✣✞✩✁✣✞✖✕✗✞✖☛✌☛✌✧✭✠✤✎❅✄✶✁☎☛✌✍✪✠✤✵☎✕✗✍✌✄✝✘✙✁☎☛⑨❨❋✘✟✠❛✜✣✞✖✴✶✄✝✆✟✞✡✠✤✄✻✁✣✷❁✧✟✁☎✜ ☛✌✞✖➇❑✵✣✞✖✁✹✕✡✄✶✁✣✷❂✬✹✧✟✕✌❭✟✞✡✍✌☛✡✑✸❙❛✮✣✞✇✄✶✁☎☛✪✍✪✠☞✵☎✕✗✍✌✄✝✘✙✁☎☛✂✧✭✠✌✞◗✕✡✧✭✬☎✍✌✵✣✠✌✞✖✜❹✄✶✁⑥✧❂⑤✹✴✝✞✸✾❃✮✣✘✙☛✪✞✇✮✣✞✖✧✟✜✣✞✡✠✢✄✻✁☎✕✡✴✶✵☎✜✣✞✖☛❃✍✌✮✣✞◗☛✪✘✙✵✣✠✤✕✗✞◗✧✟✁☎✜ ✜☎✞✖☛✪✍✌✄✶✁☎✧✭✍✌✄✝✘✙✁◆✬✦✘✟✠✌✍❛✁✔✵☎❈❁✥✦✞✡✠✤☛✡✯✣✵☎☛✪✞✡❨❩✵☎✴✦❨❋✘✟✠❃❈◗✘✙✁☎✄✝✍✪✘✟✠☞✄✶✁✣✷✇✍✪✠✤✧✭✈✫✕✩⑩✹✘✼✾❇✧✟✁☎✜⑧✜✣✞✡✍✪✞✖✕✗✍✌✄✶✁✣✷✛✬✦✘✟✍✪✞✖✁❑✍✌✄✶✧✟✴❧✧✭✍✪✍✌✧✟✕✤❭✔☛✡✑ ➩♣✧✟✕✤✮❹✮✣✘✙☛✌✍❃❈✛✧✟✕✤✮✹✄✶✁✣✞❁✮✹✧✟☛ ÿ❑↕✏➙✸➓❊→✟❪ ✯ ❪✟➌✟→ ✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✌☛✡✯P✜✹✄✝✆✔✄✻✜✣✞✖✜❄✄✶✁❑✍✪✘✫✍✌✮✣✠✌✞✡✞❁✠✤✧✟✁✣✷✟✞✖☛✡✑❛❙❃✮✣✞✢⑤☎✠✤☛✌✍❛✠✤✧✟✁✣✷✟✞✸✄✶✁☎✕✡✴✶✵☎✜☎✞✖☛ ❍✡❏ ÿ ✚➫❉ ÿ❑↕✏➭ ▲❄✱✳✾❱✞✖✴✶✴➯③➍❭✺✁✣✘❆✾❃✁➲✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✌☛✌✽❵✁✔✵☎❈❁✥✦✞✡✠✌✞✖✜➳❏❄✍✪✘➉❍✡❏ ÿ✟➌ ▼✓❨①✘✟✠❁✞✗❲✺✧✟❈✛✬✹✴✝✞✟✯✲⑤P✴✝✞◗✍✪✠✤✧✟✁☎☛✪❨❋✞✡✠❖✬✹✠✌✘✟✍✪✘✔✕✗✘✙✴✂❉❋❨①✍✪✬✦▲❘✵☎☛✪✞✖☛ ✬✦✘✟✠✌✍ ÿ ❍✭▼❴☛✪✞✖✕✡✵✣✠✌✞❁☛✌✮✣✞✖✴✶✴✓❉❩☛✌☛✤✮P▲❚✵☎☛✪✞✖☛❛✬❴✘✟✠✤✍ ÿ❚ÿ ▼✹✍✪✞✖✴✶✁☎✞✡✍❃✵☎☛✪✞✖☛❯✬✦✘✟✠✌✍ ÿ✟➌ ▼P☛✌❈❁✍✪✬⑧❈✛✧✟✄✶✴❧✘✟✬❴✞✡✠☞✧✭✍✪✞✖☛❛❨❋✠✌✘✙❈➵✬✦✘✟✠✌✍ ÿ✟❪ ▼P✾⑨✞✡✥ ☛✌✞✡✠✌✆✔✄✻✕✗✞➲❉❩✮❑✍✪✍✪✬❴▲❁✘✟✬✦✞✡✠✤✧✭✍✪✞✖☛◗❨❋✠✌✘✙❈➸✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✛➎✭❏✺▼❯✬✦✘✟✬ ➌ ❈✛✧✟✄✶✴❱✘✟✬✦✞✡✠✤✧✭✍✪✞✖☛◗❨❋✠✌✘✙❈➸✬✦✘✟✠✌✍❄❍✟❍✡❏✺▼❛☛✪✞✖✕✡✵✣✠✌✞❄✾❱✞✡✥➫✞✖✁☎✕✗✠✌✎✔✬☎✍✌✄✝✘✙✁ ❉❩✮❑✍✪✍✪✬✹☛☞▲✿✘✟✬✦✞✡✠✤✧✭✍✪✞✖☛❘❨❋✠✌✘✙❈➺✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✂✚✟✚ ➌ ✑✸❙❃✮✣✞✸☛✌✞✖✕✗✘✙✁☎✜❹✠✤✧✟✁✣✷✟✞◗✕✗✘✙✁☎☛✌✄✻☛✪✍✌☛❘✘✟❨♣✠✌✞✡✷✙✄✻☛✪✍✪✞✡✠✌✞✖✜❹✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✌☛✡✯✰✁✔✵☎❈❖✥✦✞✡✠✌✞✖✜➉❍✡❏ ÿ ✚❵✍✪✘ ✚ ➔ ❍ ❪ ❍✭▼✲❨①✘✟✠✂✞✗❲✺✧✟❈✛✬✹✴✝✞✟✯✦✒✣✵☎✁⑧✮☎✧✟☛✿✠✌✞✡✷✙✄✶☛✌✍✪✞✡✠✌✞✖✜⑧✬✦✘✟✠✌✍ ÿ ❏✭✚ ➔ ❨①✘✟✠❘✄✝✍✌☛✂✁✣✞✡✍✏✾❱✘✟✠✌❭❵⑤✹✴✶✞❖☛✪✎✺☛✪✍✪✞✖❈➻❉❩✁✣❨❋☛➃▲☞✑❃❙❛✮✣✞❁✠✌✞✖❈✛✧✟✄✶✁☎✄✻✁✣✷ ❍ →✟➌ ➎➼✚s❉ ÿ❑↕➍↔ ▲❁✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✌☛✡✯❚✁❑✵✹❈❖✥✦✞✡✠✌✞✖✜➉✚ ➔ ❍ ❚❪ ÿ ✍✪✘ →✟❪✟❪✟➌✟→ ✯❛✧✭✠✌✞⑧✜✣✎✺✁☎✧✟❈✛✄✻✕❅✘✟✠✫✬☎✠✤✄✝✆✭✧✭✍✪✞◆✬❴✘✟✠✤✍✌☛✡✑❬✿✁☎✬☎✠✌✘✟✍✪✞✖✕✗✍✪✞✖✜❬✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✌☛ ❉❩☛✌✘✙✵✣✠✤✕✗✞❖✬✦✘✟✠✌✍✌☛❃✘✟✠✿✜✣✞✖☛✌✍✌✄✶✁☎✧✭✍✌✄✝✘✙✁⑧✬❴✘✟✠✤✍✌☛☞▲❚✧✭✠✌✞❁✬☎✠✤✄✶❈◗✞✢✕✡✧✟✁✹✜☎✄✶✜☎✧✭✍✪✞✖☛❃❨①✘✟✠✂✄✶✁❀✍✪✠☞✵☎☛✌✄✝✘✙✁✰▼✹✍✪✘❑✘❂❈❁✵☎✕☞✮❵✍✪✠✤✧✭✈❅✕❖✘✙✁❳✧✛✷✙✄✝✆✟✞✖✁ ✬✦✘✟✠✌✍❯✾✿✄✝✍✌✮☎✄✶✁◆✧◗☛✌✮✣✘✟✠✤✍❯✍✌✄✶❈◗✞✩❨❋✠✤✧✟❈◗✞❖❈✛✧✼✎❄✄✶✁☎✜☎✄✶✕✡✧✭✍✪✞✩✧◗✬✦✘✟✍✪✞✖✁❑✍✌✄✶✧✟✴❧✧✭✍✪✍✌✧✟✕✤❭P✑ ➽ ➠✝➾❆➁✇➡✳➚❘➂✡➁✗➂✤➂☞➠➪➡✭➞ ➄➅✁❑✍✪✞✡✠✤✁✣✞✡✍❘✍✪✠✤✧✭✈✫✕◗✜✹✧✭✍✌✧❂✧✭✠✤✞✛☛✪✞✖✁❀✍✩✄✶✁s✱✳✬✹✧✟✕✤❭✟✞✡✍✌☛✌✽✺✑◗❙❛✮✣✞❹✱✪☛✌✄✝②✡✞✖✽◆✘✟❨❱✧✟✁⑥✄✻✁❀✍✪✞✡✠✤✁☎✞✡✍❘☛✌✞✖☛✌☛✌✄✝✘✙✁❹✕✡✧✟✁❹✥✦✞◗❈◗✞✖✧✟☛✌✵✣✠✌✞✖✜ 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Ï✌ç☎Ð❃Ñ✡❒✝❰✺Ñ✌Ò✇Ï✌➱✶➴◗Ð❖ñ❩➱✶❐✫❐❑è☎➴❁à✦Ð✡Ý■❰✟æ✰➮✪Ð✖Ñ✗❰✙❐☎ß☎➮♣æ①Ý✌❰✙➴ò➷✟❐✛❰✟Ý✤➱✝✃✙➱✻❐Pó♦➷✭Ï✓é❃ç☎➱✶Ñ☞ç◗Ï✌ç✣Ð❃➱✻❐❀Ï✪Ð✡Ý✤❐☎Ð✡Ï✓➮✪Ð✖➮✌➮✌➱✝❰✙❐✛à❴Ð✡✃✙➷✟❐❧å❑ô✙õ✺ö☎÷✟íPî✙ø✭ù ❰✟Ý❘ú❀ð✟ù❂Ý✌Ð✡❮✹Ý✌Ð✖➮✪Ð✖❐❑Ï✌➮❯Ï✌ç✣Ð❖ß☎è☎Ý✤➷✭Ï✌➱✝❰✙❐❂❰✟Ý❃❒✝Ð✖❐✣✃✟Ï✌ç❵❰✟æ♦Ï✌ç✣Ð✢➮✌Ð✖➮✌➮✌➱✝❰✙❐❵➱✻❐❂➮✌Ð✖Ñ✗❰✙❐☎ß☎➮✡å❴û☎ü➼ý❅➷✟❐☎ß❂þ✦ü❆ý◆➷✭Ý✌Ð✩Ï✌ç✣Ð✢➮✌❰✙è✣Ý✤Ñ✗Ð❖➷✟❐☎ß ß☎Ð✖➮✪Ï✌➱✶❐☎➷✭Ï✌➱✝❰✙❐◆❮✦❰✟Ý✌Ï✌➮✖ÿ✣Ý✌Ð✖➮✪❮✦Ð✖Ñ✗Ï✌➱✝ä✟Ð✖❒✝➬❴å✺þ✔ý✣ø❀ö❑í❂➷✟❐☎ß❳û✙ý✺ø❀ö❑í❂➷✭Ý✌Ð✢Ï✌ç✣Ð❁ß✣Ð✖➮✪Ï✌➱✶❐☎➷✭Ï✌➱✶❰✙❐❄➷✟❐☎ß❵➮✪❰✙è✣Ý☞Ñ✗Ð✢❮✦❰✟Ý✌Ï❯❐❑è☎➴❁à✦Ð✡Ý✤➮✡ÿ✣Ý✌✁Ð ➮✌❮❴Ð✖Ñ✗Ï✌➱✶ä✟Ð✖❒✝➬På✔➷✟❐☎ß ✂☎✄ ✝÷ ✆✟✞☎ð❀í❖➷✟❐☎ß ✂☎✠☛✡ í✣ð✢➱✶❐☎ß✹➱✶Ñ✡➷✭Ï✪Ð❚Ï✌ç✣Ð❃❐✔è☎➴❖à✦Ð✡Ý■❰✟æ❴❮✹➷✟Ñ✌Ò✟Ð✡Ï✌➮❱➷✟❐☎ß✛❐✔è☎➴❁à✦Ð✡Ý■❰✟æPà✔➬❑Ï✪Ð✖➮♣Ï✪Ý✤➷✟❐☎➮✪æ❋Ð✡Ý✌Ý✌Ð✖ß ➱✻❐◗Ï✌ç✣Ð❃➮✪Ð✖➮✤➮✌➱✝❰✙❐✰Ó Ü ❐◗Ï✌ç✣Ð❃❮P❒✝❰✟Ï✌➮■à✦Ð✖❒✝❰✼é❖ÿ❀Ï✌ç✣Ð❛ä✭➷✭Ý✤➱✶➷✭àP❒✝Ð❯í✹î✖ï❴ð❖➱✶➮⑨➮✌ç☎➱✝æ❋Ï✪Ð✖ß✇à✔➬ ✌➘ ☞✌✍✏✎✙➘ ➮✪Ð✖Ñ✗❰✙❐✹ß☎➮♣➷✟❐☎ß❅➮✌Ñ✡➷✟❒✝Ð✖ß✫à❑➬❄ë✒✑ ✍✏✎ ÿ ➮✌❰❂Ï✌ç✹➷✭Ï✩Ï✌ç✣✔ Ð ☎✓ Ý✤➮✪Ï✩➮✪Ð✖➮✌➮✤➱✝❰✙❐❹➮✪Ï✌➷✭Ý✌Ï✌➮✢➷✭Ï ✎ Ó ✎ ë ✎✕✍✕✖ ➴✛➱✶❐✔è✣Ï✪Ð✖➮✂❮✹➷✟➮✪Ï❘Ï✌ç✣Ð◗➮✪Ï✌➷✭Ý✌Ï✩❰✟æ⑨Ï✌ç✣Ð✛ç✣❰✙è✣Ý✖ÿ✰➷✟❐☎ß⑥Ï✌ç✣Ð✛❒✻➷✟➮✪Ï✩➮✪Ð✖➮✌➮✌➱✝❰✙❐ ➮✌Ï✌➷✭Ý✌Ï✌➮✇➷✭✘ Ï ✗ ☞ Ó ☞✕✖ ë❄➴✫➱✶❐❑è☎Ï✪Ð✖➮✢❮✹➷✟➮✪Ï✸Ï✌ç✣Ð◆➮✪Ï✌➷✭Ý✌Ï✸❰✟æ❛Ï✌ç✣Ð◆ç✣❰✙è✣Ý✖Ó⑥ê♦➷✭àP❒✝Ð✚✙❳➮✌è☎➴✛➴✫➷✭Ý✤✜➱ ✛✡Ð✖➮❁Ï✌ç✣Ð❂ß✹➱✶➮✪Ï✪Ý✤➱✝àPè✣Ï✌➱✝❰✙❐❹❰✟æ❛Ï✌ç✣Ð ä✭➷✟❒✶è✣Ð✖➮❁➱✶❐➳Ð✖➷✟Ñ☞ç➫Ñ✗❰✙❒✶è☎➴✛❐➈é❃➱✝Ï✌ç➲Ï✌ç☎✢ Ð ✓☎ä✟✁Ð ✏❐✔è☎➴❁à✦Ð✡Ý❁➮✌è☎➴✫➴✛➷✭Ý✌➬❬ñ❩ê♦è☎Ò✟Ð✡➬➋ë ☞✕✖✌✖ ó❁➮✌è✣❮☎❮✹❒✶Ð✖➴◗Ð✖❐❀Ï✪Ð✖ß➈é❃➱✝Ï✌ç➲Ï✌ç☎Ð⑥ë ✎✏✣✥✤ ✏ ☞ ✎ ➷✟❐✹ß ✣✥✤ ❮✦Ð✡Ý✤Ñ✗Ð✖❐❑Ï✌➱✶❒✝Ð✖➮✢æ①❰✟Ý❁Ð✖➷✟Ñ✤ç➉Ñ✗❰✙❒✶è☎➴✛❐➋ñ❩➴✫➱✶❐☎➱✶➴✸è☎➴❄ÿ❧❒✝❰❆é⑨Ð✡Ý❂ë ✎☎✦ ÿ■❒✝❰✼é❱Ð✡Ý❖æ❋❰✙è✣Ý✌Ï✌ç❧ÿ♦➴◗Ð✖ß☎➱✻➷✟❐✰ÿ✲è✣❮☎❮✦Ð✡Ý✢æ❋❰✙è✣Ý✌Ï✌ç❧ÿ è☎❮☎❮✦Ð✡Ý❃ë ✎☎✦ ÿ✣➴✛➷★✧✣➱✶➴❁è✹➴❅ó☞Ó■ê❛ç✣✢ Ð ✩✪➮✤➱✜✛✡✫Ð ❖ ✪ ä✭➷✭Ý✤➱✶➷✭àP❒✝Ð✖➮♣➷✭Ý✌Ð✂➷✟❒✶❒☎ä✟Ð✡Ý✤➬✫ç☎➱✝✃✙ç☎❒✶➬✸➮✪Ò✟Ð✡é❱Ð✖ß❂Ï✪❰✼é❚➷✭Ý✤ß☎➮❱Ï✌ç✣Ð❘è✣❮☎❮✦Ð✡Ý✓Ð✖❐☎ß❧å❑Ï✌ç✣Ð ß✹➱✶➮✪Ï✌➷✟❐☎Ñ✗Ð❯à✦Ð✡Ï✏é❱Ð✡Ð✖❐✛Ï✌ç☎Ð ☞✏✎ Ï✌ç✛❮✦Ð✡Ý✤Ñ✗Ð✖❐❑Ï✌➱✶❒✝Ð❛➷✟❐☎ß✛Ï✌ç✣Ð❃➴✛★➷ ✧✣➱✶➴✸è☎➴ ➱✶✬➮ ✙✒✭ ➘ ❰✟Ý☞ß✣Ð✡Ý✤➮■❰✟æ✰➴✛➷✭✃✙❐☎➱✶Ï✌è☎ß✣Ð❯✃✟Ý✌Ð✖➷✭Ï✪Ð✡Ý⑨Ï✌ç☎➷✟❐✛Ï✌ç✣Ð ß✹➱✶➮✪Ï✌➷✟❐☎Ñ✗Ð✂æ①Ý✤❰✙➴òÏ✌ç✣Ð ☞✏✎ Ï✌ç❂❮✦Ð✡Ý✤Ñ✗Ð✖❐❑Ï✌➱✶❒✝Ð❃Ï✪❰✇Ï✌ç✣Ð✩➴✛➱✻❐☎➱✶➴✸è☎➴❄✯Ó ✮✩❐✣Ð✿➮✪Ð✖➮✤➮✌➱✝❰✙❐❂➱✶❐❀ä✟❰✙❒✶ä✟Ð✖ß❅❰❆ä✟Ð✡Ý ➘ ✗✸➴✛➱✶❒✶❒✻➱✝❰✙❐✇à❑➬✔Ï✪Ð✖➮✡ÿ☎➷✟❐☎ß ➷✟❒✻➴◗❰✙➮✪Ï ✍✌✍ ÿ ✎✌✎✌✎ ❮✹➷✟Ñ✌Ò✟Ð✡Ï✌➮✖ÿ✺➷✟❒✶Ï✌ç✣❰✙è✣✃✙ç✛➮✪Ð✖➮✤➮✌➱✝❰✙❐☎➮★❰✟æ■ë✭✱ÿ ✰ ➘ ✙❖à❑➬✔Ï✪Ð✖➮♣➷✟❐☎ß⑧ë✫✙❘❮✹➷✟Ñ✌Ò✟Ð✡Ï✌➮❱é❱Ð✡Ý✌Ð❃➴◗❰✟Ý✤Ð❛Ï✏➬✔❮✹➱✶Ñ✡➷✟❒➪Ó■ê❛ç☎Ð❛❐✣✁Ð ✔✧ Ï ➮✌Ð✖Ñ✗Ï✌➱✝❰✙❐❄❮☎Ý✌❰❆ä✔➱✻ß✣Ð✖➮❛➮✪❰✙➴◗Ð❁ß☎➱✶➮✪❮✹❒✻➷✖➬✺➮⑨❰✟æ❺Ï✌ç✣Ð✖➮✪Ð❁ß☎➷✭Ï✌➷✺ÿ✹é❃➱✶Ï✌ç◆Ï✌ç✣Ð✩❰✟☛à ✲✪Ð✖Ñ✗Ï✌➱✝ä✟Ð✢❰✟æ★Ï✪Ý✌➬✺➱✶❐✣✃✇Ï✪❰✫Ñ✤ç✹➷✭Ý✤➷✟Ñ✗Ï✪Ð✡Ý✤➱✜✛✡✳ Ð ✩✳Ï✏➬✔❮✹➱✶Ñ✡➷✟✥❒ ✪ à✦Ð✖ç☎➷✼ä✔➱✶❰✟Ý✖ÿ☎➮✪❰◗Ï✌ç☎➷✭✴ Ï ✩✪➷✭Ï➣➬❑❮P➱✶Ñ✡➷✟✥❒ ✪✛à✦Ð✖ç☎➷✼ä✔➱✶❰✟Ý❛Ñ✡➷✟❐❵à✦Ð✢❐✣❰✟Ï✪Ð✖ß❵➴◗❰✟Ý✤Ð✢Ý✌Ð✖➷✟ß☎➱✶❒✶➬✟Ó 4 ê♦➷✭àP❒✝Ð✛ë✏✵✷✺✶ ➷✟➴◗❮P❒✝Ð❘❰✟æ★➱✻❐❀Ï✪Ð✡Ý✤❐☎Ð✡Ï❯Ï✪Ý✤➷✭Þ✫Ñ✢ß☎➷✭Ï✌➷✛æ①Ý✌❰✙➴ á✂Ð✡❰✟Ý✌✃✟Ð✸â❳➷✟➮✪❰✙❐❳ã✿❐☎➱✶ä✟Ð✡Ý✤➮✌➱✝Ï➣➬ ✂☎✠✝✡ í✣ð íPî✡ï❴ð ô✙õ✣ö✣÷✙í✹î✙ø✟ù û✣ü➼ý þ✦ü❆ýsþ✺ý✺ø❀ö✔í û✙ý✣ø✙ö✔í ✂✕✄ ÷✝✆✟✞☎ð✙í C0 DR ✸ ✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽✿❂ ✺ ✾❃❀❁❄✿✹ ❂☛✹✿✽✼❅❇❆☎❂✼✻✼❈✼❆ ❄❋✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽✿❂ ✾❃❀❁❄✿❅●✸✟❈❉✸✒❂☛✽ ✻✼✽✼❅✼❆ ✹❍✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽☛❆ ✾❃❀■✾✿❂❏✸✟❈☛❄☎✾✼❈❇❄✿❈✼❄✼❆☎✽ ❂❇✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽☛❆❑✸★✹✼❈✿✻❃❀▲✸★✾❋❄✕❂▼✸★❆✿✻❏✸★❅❊✸★❅❊✸ ❆❋✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽☛❆ ✹✿❅✼✹❃❀■✻✼✻❋✽✿✾✼✹❊✸✏❆❋✹✼❅✿❅☛❄☎❅ ✽❍✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽☛❆ ✾❃❀▲✸★✹❍❄☎❈☛❄✿❆✿✽❏✸★❈✼❄✿✾✿❈ ❅❍✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽☛❆❑✸✟❂☛✻✿❈❃❀▲✸✼✸◆❄✿❆✿✽✿✻✼✻ ❂☛❈✼✹✿❅ ❈❍✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽☛❆ ✾❃❀■✾✿❂❏✸✟❈☛❄☎✾✼❈❇❄✿❈✼❄✼❆☎✽ ✻❍✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽✼✽ ✸★❄✼❄✬❀■✹✼❈❍❆✕❂☛✻✿❈☛❆ ❂▼✸★❅✿✻ ✸✟✾❍✹✼✻✼✽✿✾✼✹✬❀❁✽✼✽ ✾❃❀▲✸★✹❍❄☎❈☛❄✿❆✿✽❏✸★❈✼❄✿✾✿❈ ❂ ❂☛✹ ✼ ✹✿✻☛❄❊✸ ✸★❄✼❆✼❆ ❄☎✹ ❄☎✾✼❅✼✹ ❈✿✾ ✻✼❆✿✻✼✹ ✸★❄✼❆❊✸ ✸★❄✿✻✼❈ ❈✿✾ ✸★✽✿✹❉✸ ❄✼❆ ❈✼✾ ✸✏❄☎❈✼❈ ❈✼✾ ✸✏❄✿❆✿✽ ❈✼✾ ❈✼✾ ❂✿❂☛✹ ✸✏❄✿❆✿❅ ✻ ✸ ❆ ✏ ✽ ❈✿❂☛❆ ✸★❅☛❆☎✻ ✸★✾ ✽✼❆✿❈✼✾✿✹ ❆ ✻✼✻ ✸★✾ ✹✼❄❊✸✼✸ ❂☛✻ ✹✼❅✼✹ ❆☎✻✼✾✼✽ ❈✿✹✿❂☛❅✿❅✼❈ ❈❉✸★✽ ✹✼❆✿✽✿✽❉✸★❈✼❄❊✸ ✹✼❅✼✹ ❈☛❆✼❆✿❆✿✻ ❈❉✸★✽ ê♦➷✭àP❒✝❖ Ð ✙✼✵✷✶✺è☎➴✫➴✛➷✭Ý✌➬❅➮✌Ï✌➷✭Ï✌➱✶➮✪Ï✌➱✶Ñ✡➮❃æ①Ý✌❰✙➴ ➱✶❐❀Ï✪Ð✡Ý☞❐✣Ð✡Ï❯Ï✪Ý✤➷✭Þ✫Ñ✢ß✹➷✭Ï✌➷✛➮✪Ð✡Ï❁ñ✳ë ➘ ✔✗ ÿ ✍✏✎ ❅ ✗ ➮✪Ð✖➮✌➮✌➱✶❰✙❐☎➮☞ó í✹î✖ï❴ð ô✟õ✣ö✣÷✙íPî✟ø✟ù❇û☎ü➼ý þ❴ü➼ýsþ✺ý✺ø❀ö❑í❇û✙ý✺ø❀ö✔í ✹✼✻✿✽✼✾✼✹✬❀❁✽☎❂ ✾✬❀❁✾✿✾ ❄✼❆✿✻ ❄✿❆✿✻ ❄☎✾ ❄☎✾ ï❧î❆ù❴î✖ï✺õ❀ï ✟ ✸ ✿ ✾ ◗ ✼ ✹ ✿ ✻ ✼ ✻ ✼ ✹ ✬ ❅ ❁ ❀ ✿ ✽ ❈ ✬ ✾ ❘ ❀ ☎ ❄ ✾ ☛ ❂ ✿ ✻ ✼ ✹ ✾ ☛ ❂ ✼ ✾ ☎ ❄ ❂ ✿ ❈ ✾ ✿ ✸ ★ ✸ ✼ ❈ ❅ ú❑✕ø P✣ð❀ö ❂ ☛ ❂ ✼ ✾ ✿ ❆ ✼ ✾ ✬ ❅ ❁ ❀ ✿ ✾ ✻ ✬ ✾ ❁ ❀ ✼ ✹ ❄ ✼ ✻ ✿ ❅ ☛ ✽ ❆ ✼ ❈ ✿ ❅ ☛ ✾ ❆ ✿ ❈ ✾ ✟ ✸ ✼ ✹ ✼ ✽ ✻ ú❑✕ø P✣ð❀ö ☎í ❙ ❂▼✸✒❂☛✹☛❆❚❀❘❆✿❆ ✾✬❀❘❆☎❈❇❄✿✾☛❄✿❆✿❈❍❄✿❆❊✸✟✽✿❂ ❈✿✾ ✸✟❈✿❂☛✻ ï❴ð❑ô☎î❀÷➼ù ❂ ✝ ❂ ☎ ❄ ☛ ✹ ✿ ❄ ✬ ✽ ■ ❀ ✼ ❂ ✽ ✬ ✹ ❁ ❀ ✿ ❅ ❋ ❅ ▼ ❂ ✏ ✸ ☎ ❄ ☛ ❈ ❯ ❄ ☛ ❂ ✿ ❆ ✿ ✻ ✼ ✾ ✾ ✿ ❈ ✾ ✿ ✹ ✽✼❈❉✸ ✼ ✄ ✄ õ ð❀ö ☎í ❙ ❂✝❄☎❈☛❆✿❅✬❀■❂✼✻ ❄❊✸❱❀■❂✝❆❯✽☛❄✿❅✼❆☎❂❇❆☎❈☛❄☎✾☛❄ ❈✿✾❏✸★✾✿✾✼✾✼✾ õ ✄✼✄ ð❀ö ✸✟✾✿◗ ❂☛✹✼❄✿✾❉✸❱❀❘❄☎✽❨✹✿❂✼❈☛❄❚❀❘❆✿✾❨✽☛❆✼❄☎❅✼✽❋✽✼❆✼❄☎✽☛❄●✸★✾✿✾✼✾✿✾●✸★✾✿✾✼✾✼✾ ï✦☎÷ ❳☎î✖ï✺õ❀ï ✻❉✸✟✾❉✸ ❄✼❆☎✾✿❂❇❆❲✸★✹✿✻ ✹✼❈✿✾ ✽✿❅✿❂✝❄ ❩❭❬ õ❑ù✦✏ î ❪✙õ✹❴ ð ❫☎÷✔ú➼õ✹ð❛❵☛❜ ✸✟✾✿❂☛❄✿✽✼❈ ÷ ✣ð❀í ✂☎✄ ☛✆★✞ ✂☎✠☛✡ ❄ ✻ ✸ ✾ ★ ✸ ❄ ✏ ❄ ✸ ❊ ❂✝❆ ✽✼❆✿❈✿✾✼✹ ✸★✾✼❆✿✽ í✺ð ✾ ❆ ✽✿❈ ✿ ❈✼✽✿✾ ✸✟❈✼✹✼❄ ❅✿✽✼✻✿❅ ❄✼❆❲✸★✽❊✸ ✹☛❆✿✽✿✽❉✸✟❈☛❄❊✸ ❄✿✻✿❈✼❅✿✽ log(1+ Nbytes[700 to 2000]) 3.0 log[1+ Nbytes < 1000)] 2.5 Density 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0.5 0.0 R 0.0 0.5 2611 zeroes 0.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 Density ❝ 3.5 3.3 3.4 4.2 3.7 3.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Density 0.8 1.0 log(1+ Nbytes[> 7000]) 4.4 N = 37350 Bandwidth = 0.02509 4.6 T 4.0 3.6 0.0 PA 0.0 0.5 Density 1.0 1.5 log(1+ Nbytes[1800 to 9000]) 3.8 3.5 N = 46401 Bandwidth = 0.01422 PE N = 42824 Bandwidth = 0.01743 5 6 7 8 9 N = 36008 Bandwidth = 0.04908 ➃ AF ❞✯❡✜❢✕❣✝❤❥✐❧❦✏♠✬♥♦✐♣❤❥q✝✐✫rts❛✐✫q❛✉✈❡✜✇②①✢✐✫✉❘✇✈❡④③❧⑤✏✇❘✐✫✉⑦⑥✌⑧❭r✜⑥✌❢❊⑨❁❦✷⑩❷❶ ❸❺❹❥❻✼❼❘❽✟❾➀❿❛⑧➁⑥✕❣✝❤⑦✉❘✐♣➂❲⑤✏❤➀⑤✏✇❘✐❖❤❥⑤✌q✝❢✌✐✫✉ ➄➆➅➈➇❛➉➊➅➌➋✬➍❯➅➌➋➏➎✌➇❛➐☎➋✬➇✝➎➑➎✌➐✕➒❉➓❋➔➣→❚➒❉➎✌➒ DR C0 4 ↔↕⑥✕✉❘✇❧⑥✌⑧➙✇✈➛✝✐➑➜✏⑤✌r✥❣✝✐✫✉✔⑥✕q✺⑧➁✐✫⑤✏✇✈❣✝❤✈✐✫✉✢➝✁⑥✕r✥r✜✐✫➝✁✇❘✐✫s✺⑥✕q❴❡✥q☎✇❘✐♣❤➀q✝✐♣✇✘✇❘❤❥⑤✏➞✴➝➑s❛⑤✏✇✈⑤➆⑤✏❤✈✐➟➛❛❡✜❢✕➛❛r✥①➆✉❘➠✌✐♣➡✷✐✫st❿✷⑤✌✉✴✉❘✐♣✐✫qt❿✷⑧➢⑥✌❤ ✐✁➤✝⑤✌③✘➂❲r✥✐✌❿✕⑧➢⑥✌❤❭✇✈➛❛✐⑦✉✈❡✜➥♣✐➦➜★⑤✏❤➀❡✥⑤✏➧❲r✜✐✫✉❭✉✈➛❛⑥✒➡➨q✘⑤✏➧▼⑥✒➜✌✐➩⑨➈➫☎➭✌➯▼❿✌⑥✌❤❃➲✌➳✝➵✝➸✕➺❊➻✌➼✌➯✔➽❨✉❘✐✫✉✈✉✈❡✥⑥✕q✘s❛❣✝❤❥⑤✏✇✈❡✜⑥✕q➾❿✌➚✕➪✝➶✿➺✝➭❖➽❨q✼❣❛③➹➧❉✐♣❤ ⑥✌⑧➦➧✼①✿✇❘✐✫✉✫❿➏➚☎➘❲➸✝➴★➷✝➭☎➺❺➽➬q✼❣❛③➹➧▼✐♣❤➮⑥✌⑧➦➂❲⑤✌➝✈➠✌✐♣✇✈✉➀❾➀➱➑✃⑦➛✼❣❛✉♣❿❐⑤➑➜☛❡✜✐♣➡❒⑥✌⑧❮⑤✌q☎①❺➂❲⑤✌❡✥❤➮⑥✌⑧➦✇✈➛✝✐✫✉❘✐❧➜✏⑤✏❤❥❡✥⑤✏➧❲r✥✐✫✉➮❡✥✉➮r✥❡✥➠✌✐✫r✜①↕✇❘⑥ ✉❥➛✝⑥✒➡❒⑤✚➜✌✐♣❤✈①✳➛❛❡✜❢✕➛❺s✝✐✫q❛✉✈❡✥✇➌①➟⑥✌⑧❃➂❉⑥✕❡④q☎✇✈✉❰❡✥q✳✇✈➛✝✐✔Ï❛❤❥✉✈✇➙Ð✼❣❛⑤✌s✝❤❥⑤✌q✿✇♦q✝✐✫⑤✏❤♦✇✈➛✝✐✔⑥✌❤❥❡✜❢✕❡④qt➱➮Ñ✷①➊✉❘✐✫r✜✐✫➝✁✇✈❡✥➜✌✐✫r✜①❯Ò❁➥♣⑥✼⑥✕③❧❡✥q✝❢ ❡④q❛Ó☛❿☎⑥✌❤✘Ò❘s✝❤❥❡④r✥r✥❡✥q✝❢♦s✝⑥✟➡➨q❛Ó➹❡✥q☎✇❘⑥➩✇✈➛❛❡✥✉✬❤✈✐♣❢✕❡✜⑥✕qt❿☛⑤✌✉❃⑥✕q✝✐➙s❛⑥✿✐✫✉❃⑥✕qÔ⑤➮❢✌✐♣⑥✌❢✌❤❥⑤✏➂❲➛❲❡✥➝♣⑤✌r▼③❧⑤✏➂➾❿☛✉❘➂▼✐✫➝♣❡✜Ï❲➝❮⑧➁✐✫⑤✏✇✈❣✝❤✈✐✫✉➦➝♣⑤✌q✚➧▼✐ ➧▼✐♣✇❘✇❘✐♣❤➮⑥✌➧❊✉❘✐♣❤✈➜✌✐✫st➱✴Õ➙r✜✇❘✐♣❤❥q❲⑤✏✇✈❡✜➜✌✐✫r✜①✌❿❱✇✈➛❲❡✥✉➑Ò❘s✝❤❥❡✥r④r×Ö➌s✝⑥✒➡Øq❛Ó✢⑤✏➂❲➂❛❤✈⑥✕⑤✌➝❥➛❨⑨Ù✉❘✇❘✐♣➂❲✉♦⑥✌⑧➦➂▼⑥✒➡✷✐♣❤❖③❧⑤✏❢✕q❲❡✜Ï❲➝♣⑤✏✇✈❡✜⑥✕q❊❾➙➝♣⑤✌q➆➧▼✐ ➝✁⑥✕q❲s❛❣❛➝✁✇❘✐✫s✔➧✼①➹✇❘❤❥⑤✌q❲✉❘⑧➢⑥✌❤➀③❧❡✥q✝❢➙✇✈➛✝✐➦➜★⑤✏❤➀❡✥⑤✏➧❲r✜✐✫✉❐➜☛❡✥⑤❰r✜⑥✌❢✕⑤✏❤❥❡✜✇✈➛❛③✴✉♣➱❐✃➨➛✝✐❮r✜⑥✌❢✕⑤✏❤❥❡✜✇✈➛❛③✴❡✥➝✬✇❘❤➀⑤✌q❛✉❘⑧➁⑥✌❤❥③❧⑤✏✇✈❡✜⑥✕q✘⑤✌r✥r✥⑥✒➡➨✉✯⑥✕q✝✐ ✇❘⑥❰➜☛❡✜✐♣➡Ú✇✈➛✝✐➦➂❉⑥✕❡④q☎✇✈✉➏⑥✕q➩✇✈➛✝✐✷✉❥➝✁❤✈✐♣✐✫q➩✐✁Û❉✐✫➝✁✇✈❡✜➜✌✐✫r✥①❖➧✼①❖✉✈➝♣⑤✌q❛q❛❡④q✝❢➩Ü✕Ý✫Þ❁ß✏à❥à❮✇✈➛✝✐❮✉✈➝✁❤✈✐♣✐✫q➩❤❥⑤✏✇✈➛✝✐♣❤✯✇✈➛❛⑤✌q➩➧✼①❖③❧⑤✏❢✕q❛❡✥Ï❛①✼❡④q✝❢ ❤❥✐♣❢✕❡✜⑥✕q❛✉✷⑥✌⑧➾✇✈➛✝✐♦✉❘➂❲⑤✌➝✁✐✌➱❭áâ✐➮s❛✐✫✉✈➝✁❤❥❡✜➧▼✐⑦✇✈➛❛❡④✉❃⑤✏➂❛➂❲❤✈⑥✕⑤✌➝❥➛➑❡✥q✢✇✈➛❛❡✥✉✷✉❘✐✫➝✁✇✈❡✜⑥✕q➾➱❭áâ✐➮✉❘✇✈⑤✏❤✈✇➦Ï❛❤❥✉❘✇❃➡➨❡✜✇✈➛✚✉❘⑥✕③✘✐❰➂❲r✜⑥✌✇✈✉❃✇✈➛❛⑤✏✇ ➝✁⑥✕q✿➜✌✐♣①➑✇✈➛✝✐❖s❲❡✥✉❘✇❘❤❥❡✜➧❊❣✝✇✈❡✜⑥✕q❧⑥✌⑧✯✇✈➛✝✐♦➜✏⑤✌r✥❣✝✐✫✉⑦➚✕➪✝➶✿➺✝➭❧⑤✌q❲s➟➲✌➳✝➵❛➸✌➺❊➻✌➼✌➯t➱ ã✔ä♣å✝à➀æÙçÙè❰é❊ê✜ß✌ç➁à ❞❐❡✥❢✕❣✝❤✈✐❯❦➣✉✈➛✝⑥✟➡➨✉➊⑤❴➠✌✐♣❤❥q✝✐✫r➩s✝✐✫q❛✉✈❡✥✇➌①❋✐✫✉❘✇✈❡✥③❧⑤✏✇❘✐❍⑨➁áâ✐♣❢✕③❧⑤✌q➬❦✫ë✕ì✏í✼î➟ï☛❡✥r✜➜✌✐♣❤❥③✴⑤✌q❒❦✫ë✌ð✌ñ✕❾↕⑥✌⑧✘✇✈➛✝✐➆➜✏⑤✏❤❥❡✥⑤✏➧❲r✥✐ ➫✿➼✿ò❃ó②➚✕➪✝➶✼➺☛➭Ô➽❏➚☎➪✝➶✿➺✝➭✝ô✢➽öõ❭⑨➁➚✕➪✝➶✼➺☛➭☛❾➀❿❲➡➨➛❛✐♣❤✈✐➹õ❭⑨➁÷▼❾➦➽ør✜⑥✌❢❉⑨❁❦✷⑩ ❶ ÷▼❾➀➱➙áâ✐➩❣❛✉✈✐❖✇✈➛✝✐➩✇❘❤❥⑤✌q❛✉❘⑧➁⑥✌❤❥③❧⑤✏✇✈❡✥⑥✕q✳õ❭⑨➁÷t❾❃➽ r✥⑥✌❢❊⑨❁❦❛⑩ ❶ ÷▼❾➏⑧➁⑥✌❤✬⑤✌r✥r☛✇✈➛❛❤✈✐♣✐⑦✉✈❡✜➥♣✐❮➜✏⑤✏❤❥❡✥⑤✏➧❲r✥✐✫✉➏➧▼✐✫➝♣⑤✌❣❛✉✈✐❮⑥✌⑧❊✇✈➛✝✐➨➂❛❤✈✐♣➂▼⑥✕q❛s✝✐♣❤❥⑤✌q❲➝✁✐❃⑥✌⑧▼r✜⑥✒➡❴➜★⑤✌r✥❣❛✐✫✉✯✇✈➛❛⑤✏✇❚✇✈➛✝✐♣①✔❡✥q❛➝♣r✥❣❲s✝✐✌♠ ➜✏⑤✌r✥❣✝✐✫✉❃⑥✌⑧t÷➟q✝✐✫⑤✏❤✷✇✈➛✝✐❰r✜⑥✒➡❨✐✫q❛s❧⑥✌⑧❱✇✈➛✝✐➙✉❥➝♣⑤✌r✜✐Ø⑤✏❤✈✐❰q✝⑥✌✇➦✉❘➂❛❤✈✐✫⑤✌s✢⑥✕❣✝✇✷⑤✌✉❃⑧Ù⑤✏❤➦⑤✌✉❃✇✈➛❛✐♣①✘➡❃⑥✕❣❛r④s❧➧▼✐➨➡➨❡✥✇✈➛❧✇✈➛✝✐❰✉✈❡✥③✘➂❊r✜✐ r✥⑥✌❢❊⑨➁÷▼❾❃✇❘❤❥⑤✌q❲✉❘⑧➢⑥✌❤➀③❧⑤✏✇✈❡✜⑥✕q❺⑨ùõ❉úÙ⑨➁÷t❾➦û❇❦✒ü✟÷❱❿❛③➩❣❛➝➀➛➑③✘⑥✌❤✈✐♦✉❘⑥➩⑧➢⑥✌❤⑦✉✈③✴⑤✌r✥r❲÷t❾➀➱❚ý❱❡✜➠✌✐♣➡Ø❡✥✉❘✐✌❿❛➫☎➼✿ò❃ó❘➫✿➭✏➯Ô➽øõ❭⑨Ù➲✕➳☛➵❛➸✌➺❊➻✕➼✏➯❊❾ ⑤✌q❲s➊➫☎➼✿ò✷óù➘☛➷✼➺➑➽❏õ❭⑨➁➚☎➘❲➸✝➴✟➷❛➭☎➺✝❾➀➱❚Õ➙r✥rt➝♣⑤✌r✥➝♣❣❛r④⑤✏✇✈❡✜⑥✕q❛✉⑦⑤✌q❛s➟❢✌❤❥⑤✏➂❲➛❛✉⑦⑤✏❤❥✐❖③❧⑤✌s✝✐❖❣❲✉✈❡✥q✝❢✔✇✈➛✝✐➮⑥✌➂▼✐✫q☛Ö➌✉✈⑥✕❣✝❤❥➝✁✐➮✉❘⑥✌⑧➁✇➌➡➦⑤✏❤✈✐ þ❖❿t⑤✫➜✏⑤✌❡✥r✥⑤✏➧❲r✜✐✔⑧➁❤✈⑥✕③ ÿ✝➺✿➺☎➘ ✁✄✂☎✂✝✆☎✆✞✆ ó❥➴★➵❛➸★➯⑦ó②✠ ➵ ✟✏➘☛➵✝☎ ➼ ✡✿➭✝➴★➺➦ó②➼☎➵✼ò❊➱➨Õö✉✈③❧⑤✌r✥r❐➂▼✐✫⑤✏➠➊⑤✏☞ ✇ ☛✚❤✈✍ ✐ ✌❛✐✫➝✁✇✈✉➹í✌ñ☛❦✌❦✘➥♣✐♣❤✈⑥✼✐✫✉♣î❱✇✈➛✝✐ q❛✐✁➤✼✇➙r✥⑤✏❤✈❢✌✐✫✉❘✇➙➧✿①✼✇❘✐➹✉❥❡✜➥♣✐➹❡✥✉➹❦✁❝✿ì✿➱Ø✃⑦➛❛✐➹s❛⑤✏✇✈⑤✚⑤✏❤✈✐➹➝♣r✥✐✫⑤✏❤❥r✜①➑✉❘➠✌✐♣➡✷✐✫st❿t⑤✌q❛s↕r✜⑥☛➝♣⑤✌r➏➂❉✐✫⑤✏➠☛✉⑦⑥✌⑧❃➛❛❡✜❢✕➛➟s✝✐✫q❲✉✈❡✜✇➌①➟⑤✏➂❲➂❉✐✫⑤✏❤ ⑤✏❤❥⑥✕❣❛q❛sÔ➜✏⑤✌r✥❣✝✐✫✉➦⑥✌⑧Ø➫✿➼☎ò✷óù➪✝➶✼➺☛➭✔⑤✏❤✈⑥✕❣❲q❛s✏✎✼➱ ❝✝✑ ❿ ✎✼➱✱ð✼❿❛❝✝➱✥❦✏❿❛❝✝✓➱ ✼ ✒ ❿❉⑤✌q❛s✏✼ ✒ ➱✥❦✏❿❲➝✁⑥✌❤✈❤❥✐✫✉❘➂▼⑥✕q❛s❛❡✥q✝❢➹✇❘⑥❧➚☎➪☛➶✼➺☛➭✢➽❏ð★❝✔☛☛❿❱❦✁✔ ❝ ☛✕☛☛❿ ✎✕✒✝☛✕☛ ☛ ❿▼✝ ð ☛✕☛✕☛☛❿▼í✌✝ ñ ☛✕☛✕☛ ☛ ➱ ã❖æ➢à▲çÙÞ▲æ✗✖✍✘✝çÙæÙß✏å❛à➹✚ß ✙♦à♣ä✁à❥à▲æÙß✏å✳à▲✜æ ✛✟✣ ä ✢★Ü✏Þ▲æÙÜ✞✖✁ê✥ä▲à Ñ❃⑥✒➤✼➂❊r✜⑥✌✇✈✉❃➝♣⑤✌q✢➧▼✐Ø❣❛✉✈✐♣⑧➁❣❛r☛✇❘⑥✔s❛❡✥✉✈➂❲r✥⑤✫①➩✇✈➛✝✐Ø❤✈✐✫r✥⑤✏✇✈❡✜⑥✕q❛✉❥➛❛❡✜➂✘➧▼✐♣✇➌➡✷✐♣✐✫q✴✇②➡❃⑥➩➜✏⑤✏❤❥❡✥⑤✏➧❲r✜✐✫✉✫î✿⑤✌q❧✐✁➤✝⑤✌③✘➂❲r✥✐Ø❡✥✉✬❢✕❡✜➜✌✐✫q✴❡✥q ❞✯❡✜❢✕❣❛❤✈✐✷íØ⑧➁⑥✌❤➏✇✈➛✝✐➦✇②➡❃⑥❰➜✏⑤✏❤❥❡✥⑤✏➧❲r✜✐✫✉✯➫☎➼✿ò✷ó❁➫✿➭✏➯➩➽❨õ❭⑨Ù➲✕➳☛➵❛➸✌➺❊➻✕➼✏➯❊❾❭⑨➁①✿Ö➌⑤★➤☛❡✥✉▲❾➾⑤✌q❛s✘➫✿➼☎ò✷óù➪✝➶✼➺☛➭♦➽❯õ❭⑨➁➚✕➪✝➶✿➺✝➭☛❾➀➱➏✃⑦➛✝✐✷Ï❛❤❥✉✈✇ Message size variables R PE 2 (−1,0] (3.1,3.2] (3.4,3.5] (3.7,3.8] T 0 PA 1 log(1 + sqrt({duration}) 3 4 ✤ (4,4.1] (4.3,4.4] (4.6,4.7] (4.9,5] (5.6,5.8] (6.5,9] log(1 + sqrt{Nbyte}) ❙❂❚✹❯✕❱✞❲❨❳❬❩❪❭❴❫✳❵✷✻❛✿✞❁❂❃✳❄❨❜✔❝✠❞✞●✠❡❢❏▲✸▼✲✕★✑◆✚❖❅P AF ✥✧✦✜★✔✩✠✪✬✫✮✭☎✯✱✰✳✲✵✴✷✶✹✸✜✲✕✺✼✻✽✲✕✾❀✿❂❁✞❃❅❄❇❆✔❈✷❉❋❊✕●✑❍✔❁✝■❑❏▲✸▼✲✕★✑◆✚❖❅P❘◗ ♦ ✲♣✴rqs✲✔t❂✺✼✉✕✦✈t❋✻✳✺✼✇✠✫❀✭✕①✷❖✕❖②❵✝✉✕✸▼✩✠✫✵✻✳✾③✲✕✪❅④⑤✇✹✦▼q✬✇r❜✔❝✠❞☎●✷❡⑥✦▼✻❅⑦✍✫✍✪✼✲✠⑧✠✺✼✇✠✫❀✻✄✫✵qs✲✔t❋⑨ ④❛✇✠✫✍✪✼✫❶❜❂❝✷❞☎●✷❡❷✪✬✉✕t✠★✕✫✵✻✮✾❸✪✬✲✔❹❺❖❶✺✄✲✐❻✕⑩ ✤ (5.2,5.3] ◗ ❣✐❤❦❥ ❲✄❧♠❫❦♥ ♦ ✲✵✴rqs✲✔t✞✺✼✉✕✦▼t❋✻✳✺✼✇✠✫❀t✠✫s✴✷✺②❖✵✭✷❖✵⑩⑥❵✝✉✕✸▼✩✠✫✵✻ ◆❽❼❿❾➀✿❂❁✞❃❅❄❨❜❂❝✷❞☎●✷❡❿➁➂❻☎➃➄④⑤✇✠✫✍✪✼✫➅✿✞❁✞❃❅❄❨❜✔❝✠❞☎●✷❡❷❏➆✸✜✲✕★✑◆✚❖⑤P ➇ ✩ ♦ ✻✄✫✵➈☎✩✠✫✵t✞✺ ♦ ✦▼t❋✻❀✾③✲✕✪⑥✿❂❁✞❃✳❄❬❜❂❝✷❞☎●✠❡➉✉✝✪✼✫❢❼✷♥▼❖❢④⑤✦▼⑨✠✫✕➃➊✫s✴✠qs✫✍✶❋✺✮✾③✲✕✪☞✺✼✇✠✫r✸▼✉✕✻✄✺➌➋❋❵✕✫ ◗ ❣✐❤❦❥ ❲✄❧♠❫✄❫❦♥ ♦ ✦▼t❋✻✍♥❶➍②✸✜✺✼✇✠✲✔✩✠★✔✇✐✺✼✇❋✦✈✻☞⑨❋✦▼✻✄✶✑✸▼✉✵➎ ♦ ✦▼t✹✻✍➃❴✩❋t❋✾❸✲✕✪✼✺✼✩✹t❋✉✝✺✄✫✵✸✜➎➐✦✜✺✣✦✈✻✮t✠✲✕✺⑥❵✕✫✍✪✼➎❿✩❋✻✼✫✍✾③✩❋✸➒✾❸✲✕✪ ♦ ✦✈t❿✺✄✫✵t❋⑨➔✺✄✲ ♦ ✫❑✺✼✇✠✫❑✪✬✩❋✸✜✫➅✪✬✉✝✺✼✇✠✫✍✪❶✺✼✇✹✉✕t→✺✼✇❋✫➉✫s✴✷qs✫✍✶❋✺✼✦▼✲✔t➊♥❿➣✽✇✠✫ 4 ✻✬✇✠✲♣④⑤✻⑥✉➏✪✼✫✵✸▼✉✝✺✼✦✜❵✕✫✵✸✜➎➐✻✄✺✼✉ ♦ ✸✜✫r✺✄✪✬✫✵t❋⑨❿✩✠✶➑✩❋t✞✺✼✦▼✸➒✺✼✇✠✫❑✸▼✉✕✻✄✺✣✾❸✫✍④ ✲✔✩❋✺✼✸▼✦✜✫✍✪❶⑨✠✫✍✺✄✫✵qs✺✼✦✜✲✔t➊➃✳✻✼✦▼t❋qs✫➅✲✔✩✠✺✼✸▼✦▼✫✍✪✬✻➓✦▼t➑✫✵✉✕q✬✇ DR ♦ ✲♣✴☎✶✹✸▼✲✕✺✽⑨❋✦▼✻✄✶✹✸✈✉✵➎❢⑨✠✲☎✫✵✻⑤qs✲✔t❋➋❋✪✬❹↔✺✼✇✠✫☞★✕✫✵t❋✫✍✪✬✉✕✸➊✺✄✪✼✫✵t❋⑨→◆❽✻✄✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t✹✻↕④⑤✦✜✺✼✇➉❹❶✲✕✪✬✫ ♦ ➎☎✺✄✫✵✻✽✺✄✫✵t❋⑨✏✺✄✲r✸▼✉✕✻✄✺✽✸▼✲✔t✠★✕✫✍✪➙❫❦➃✹✉✕t❋⑨ C0 ✺✼✇✹✉✝✺✮❹❶✲✔✻✄✺✮✻✼✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t❋✻➌✸✈✉✕✻✄✺✮✸✜✫✵✻✼✻❀✺✼✇✹✉✕t→❻✝❼✏❹➛✦✈t✞✩✠✺✄✫✵✻➛◆➜✿✞❁✞❃❅❄✄✿❂❡✕■➔❾➝❖✝♥✓①➉✾③✲✕✪✣➞ ✤✔➟ ✻✼✫✍✺❦❫❦➃✑✉✕t❋⑨❑✺✼✇❋✉✝✺⑤✪✬✉✝✺✼✇✠✫✍✪✽✾③✫✍④➡✻✄✫✵✻✬✻✼✦✜✲✔t❋✻☞◆❽✉ ♦ ✲✔✩✠✺✽❼✷♥ ✤✔➟ ✲✕✾➠✺✼✇✠✫➛✻✄✫✵✻✬✻✼✦✜✲✔t❋✻☞✦✈t✐✺✼✇❋✦▼✻➌⑨❋✉✝✺✼✉ ✇✠✫✍✪✼✫♠❫✳✸▼✉✕✻✼✺↕✲♣❵✕✫✍✪❀✻✼✦➢✴➉✇✠✲✔✩✠✪✬✻☞◆➜✿✞❁❂❃✳❄✄✿❂❡✕■✐❾➤❻✔❫❦♥ ➣✽✇✠✫❶✶❋✪✼✫✍✶➥✲✔t❋⑨❋✫✍✪✬✉✕t❋qs✫⑥✲✕✾❅✪✼✫✵✸✈✉✝✺✼✦✜❵✕✫✵✸✜➎✐✻✼✇✠✲✕✪✼✺➌✻✄✫✵✻✼✻✬✦✜✲✔t❋✻➌q✍✉✕t ♦ ✫❶✻✄✫✍✫✵t➦✦✈t➐✥➄✦▼★✔✩✠✪✼✫➛❻✠◆❽✉❂❫❦➃❴④❛✇❋✦▼q✬✇➐⑨✹✦▼✻✄✶✹✸▼✉♣➎☎✻②✺✼✇✠✫ ✻✼✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t➛⑨✹✩✠✪✬✉✝✺✼✦✜✲✔t❋✻➧✉✕✻❅✇✠✲✕✪✬✦✜⑦✍✲✔t✞✺✼✉✕✸❋✸▼✦✈t✠✫✵✻✧✺✼✇❋✉✝✺✱✫s✴✷✺✄✫✵t❋⑨❶✾③✪✼✲✔❹➂✺✼✇✠✫✽✻✄✺✼✉✝✪✼✺❅✺✼✦▼❹❶✫↕✺✄✲✮✺✼✇❋✫↕✫✵t❋⑨➛✺✼✦▼❹➛✫✕♥➄✰✳✫✵q✍✉✕✩❋✻✄✫❛✺✼✇✠✫✵✻✄✫ ⑨✹✉✝✺✼✉➉✉✝✪✼✫➛qs✲✔✸▼✸✜✫✵qs✺✄✫✵⑨➐✦▼t➨✺✼✇✠✫❶✲✕✪❦⑨✠✫✍✪➌✦▼t➨④⑤✇❋✦▼q❦✇➏✺✼✇❋✫✍➎➏✲✷q✍q✍✩✠✪✼✪✼✫✵⑨➩➃➊✺✼✇✠✫❶✻✄✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t➐✻✼✺✼✉✝✪✼✺❀✺✼✦▼❹❶✫✵✻❀✪✬✉✕t✠★✕✫❶✾③✪✼✲✔❹➫✺✼✦▼❹➛✫➓❼ ◆ ♦ ✲✕✺✄✺✄✲✔❹➆✸✈✦▼t✠✫♠❫✧✺✄✲ ✤ ①☎♥✓①✔➭☎❖r◆❽t✠✫✵✉✝✪✬✸✜➎➛✺✼✇❋✫②✫✵t✹⑨❑✲✕✾➯✺✼✇✠✫➌✇✠✲✔✩✠✪s❫❦♥✧✥✧✦✜★✔✩❋✪✼✫☞❻✠◆ ♦ ❫❅✻✼✇✠✲♣④❛✻➠✺✼✇✠✫➌✻✼✉✕❹❶✫➌✦▼t✠✾③✲✕✪✬❹➛✉✝✺✼✦✜✲✔t➩➃ ♦ ✩❋✺ ✫✵✉✕q❦✇➏✸✈✦▼t✠✫➌✦▼✻↕✻✼✇❋✦▼✾❸✺✄✫✵⑨ ♦ ✉✕q✼➲❑✺✄✲❢❼✷♥✱➳➵✦✜✺✼✇✏qs✲✔t✞✺✼✦▼t☎✩✠✲✔✩❋✻✼✸▼➎➅❹❶✲✔t✹✦✜✺✄✲✕✪✼✫✵⑨✏⑨❋✉✝✺✼✉✷➃✑✺✼✇✠✫☞✻✄✫✵✻✼✻✬✦✜✲✔t✏⑨❋✩✠✪❦✉✝✺✼✦✜✲✔t➉✸▼✦▼t✠✫✵✻➠④✳✲✔✩❋✸▼⑨ qs✲✔t✞✺✼✦▼t☎✩✠✫➅✶✹✉✕✻✄✺✮✺✼✇❋✫➅qs✫✵t❋✻✼✲✕✪✬✦▼t✠★✏✶➥✲✔✦▼t✞✺➅◆❽✦✈✸▼✸▼✩❋✻✄✺✄✪❦✉✝✺✄✫✵⑨➦✉✕✻➓✉❷✪✼✫✵⑨➑⑨✠✲✕✺✄✺✄✫✵⑨➑✸▼✦▼t✠✫r✦▼t❿✥✧✦✜★✔✩✠✪✬✫➅❻ ♦ ❫❦♥➨➸✽✫✵✸▼✉✝✺✼✦✜❵✕✫✵✸▼➎➐✾❸✫✍④ ✻✼✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t❋✻✧✉✝✪✼✫❶➺✄qs✫✵t❋✻✼✲✕✪✼✫✵⑨❋➻➛◆❽✦✗♥➼✫✕♥✜➃✔✫✵t✹⑨✠✫✵⑨⑥④⑤✦✜✺✼✇❋✦▼t✮✺✼✇✠✫✽✇✠✲✔✩✠✪s❫❦➃❪✪✬✫✍➽❋✫✵qs✺✼✦▼t✠★❀✺✼✇✠✫➠✾❽✉✕qs✺➧✺✼✇❋✉✝✺➒❹❶✲✔✻✄✺➧✻✄✫✵✻✼✻✬✦✜✲✔t❋✻✧✉✝✪✼✫↕✻✼✇✠✲✕✪✼✺✍✯ ①✕✭☎♥✓❻ ➟ ✲✕✾➩✺✼✇✠✫❀✻✄✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t✹✻✳✸✈✉✕✻✄✺✄✫✵⑨❑✸✜✫✵✻✼✻❅✺✼✇❋✉✕t➉❻✝❼⑥✻✼✫✵qs✲✔t❋⑨❋✻✍♥➒✥✧✦✜★✔✩✠✪✬✫❛➾❶✻✼✇✠✲♠④⑤✻➠✉ ♦ ✉✝✪✼✶✹✸✜✲✕✺❅✲✕✾➯✺✼✇✠✫❀t✞✩✹❹ ♦ ✫✍✪✳✲✕✾❴✉✕qs✺✼✦✜❵✕✫ ✻✼✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t❋✻➧⑨✹✩✠✪✬✦▼t✠★❛✫✵✉✕q✬✇➅❻✝❼❪➚❬✻✄✫✵qs✲✔t❋⑨❢✻✬✩ ♦ ✻✄✫✍✺✧✲✕✾➪✺✼✇❋✦▼✻➄✲✔t✠✫s➚❬✇✠✲✔✩✠✪➧✶➥✫✍✪✬✦▼✲☎⑨➉◆❽✉❀✺✼✦▼❹❶✫➠✾③✪✬✉✕❹❶✫↕✲✕✾➊❻✝❼➌✻✄✫✵qs✲✔t❋⑨❋✻✱✦▼✻✧✻✄✫✵✸✜✫✵qs✺✄✫✵⑨ ✺✄✲➛❹❢✦▼t❋✦▼❹➛✦▼⑦✍✫✽✺✼✇✠✫➌qs✲✕✪✼✪✼✫✵✸▼✉✝✺✼✦▼✲✔t ♦ ✫✍✺❨④❅✫✍✫✵t❷qs✲✔✩❋t❂✺✼✻↕✦✈t➅✉✕⑨✝➶✄✉✕qs✫✵t✞✺ ♦ ✉✝✪✬✻❦❫❦♥➒➣⑤✇✠✫➌❹❶✫✵✉✕t➉t✞✩✹❹ ♦ ✫✍✪➠✲✕✾❴✉✕qs✺✼✦✜❵✕✫☞✻✼✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t❋✻ ✦✈t➦✉✕t❂➎✐✲✔t✠✫❑❻✝❼❪➚❬✻✄✫✵qs✲✔t❋⑨➑✦▼t✞✺✄✫✍✪✼❵❪✉✕✸❅⑨❋✩✠✪✬✦✈t✠★❑✺✼✇❋✦▼✻☞✇✠✲✔✩❋✪✮✦▼✻✮①✕✭✕❻☎➃➧④⑤✦▼✺✼✇➐✻✄✺✼✉✕t❋⑨❋✉✝✪✬⑨→⑨✠✫✍❵✷✦▼✉✝✺✼✦✜✲✔t❘❖s➾✔❼✷➃➧✻✼✩✠★✕★✕✫✵✻✼✺✼✦▼t✠★➏✉ ✪✬✲✔✩✠★✔✇❿✩✠✶✹✶➪✫✍✪✏➺✼❻♠➚❬✻✬✦✜★✔❹➛✉❷✸✈✦▼❹➛✦✜✺✼➻❑✲✕✾➌❖✵❻❪➾❂❻➏✻✄✫✵✻✼✻✼✦✜✲✔t✹✻✍♥✐➹ ✰✳✫✵q✍✉✕✩❋✻✼✫r✺✼✇✠✫✵✻✼✫❢t✞✩✹❹ ✺✄✪❦✉✕t❋✻✄✾③✲✕✪✬❹➛✉✝✺✼✦✜✲✔t→❹➛✉✵➎ ♦ ✫✍✪✬✻☞✉✝✪✬✫➨➘✬➴✕➷☎➬✑➮③➱❦➃➧✉❷✻✼➈☎✩❋✉✝✪✼✫❢✪✼✲✞✲✕✺ ♦ ✫❢✉✝✶❋✶✹✪✼✲✕✶❋✪✬✦▼✉✝✺✄✫✕⑧✧✻✄✫✍✫➅➣❴✩✠➲✕✫✍➎✃◆✚❖✵①✔➭✕➭✕❫❦♥➨➣✽✇✠✫❢❹➛✫✵✉✕t❿✉✕t❋⑨→✻✄✺✼✉✕t❋⑨❋✉✝✪✬⑨→⑨✠✫✍❵✷✦▼✉✝✺✼✦✜✲✔t➐✲✕✾↕✺✼✇✠✫ ✻✬➈✞✩❋✉✝✪✬✫✮✪✼✲☎✲✕✺✼✻⑤✲✕✾➧✺✼✇❋✫⑥qs✲✔✩❋t✞✺✼✻②✉✝✪✼✫➓❻✝❼✷♥✓✭✕①➅✉✕t❋⑨➨✭☎♥✓✭✕❻☎➃➊✪✼✫✵✻✄✶➥✫✵qs✺✼✦✜❵✕✫✵✸✜➎✕➃✑✪✼✫✵✻✼✩❋✸▼✺✼✦▼t✠★❢✦▼t❷✉✕t➏✉✝✶❋✶✹✪✼✲✵✴✠✦▼❹➛✉✝✺✄✫➓✩✠✶❋✶➥✫✍✪❢➺✼❻♠➚ ✻✬✦✜★✔❹➛✉❀✸▼✦▼❹➛✦▼✺✼➻⑤✲✕✾➧◆✗❻✝❼✷❐✓✭✕①➊P❑❻➯❒➜✭☎❐✓✭✕❻✔❫❇❮❀❏▲❖✵❻✕⑩✔➭✞➃❂❵✕✫✍✪✼➎➓q✍✸✜✲✔✻✄✫↕✺✄✲✮✺✼✇✠✫✽✸▼✦▼❹➛✦▼✺➯✲✔t➓✺✼✇✠✫↕✪✬✉♣④✃qs✲✔✩❋t✞✺✼✻✍➃❂✻✼✦✈t❋qs✫➠✺✼✇✠✫✽❰➄✲✔✦▼✻✼✻✄✲✔t ⑨✹✦▼✻✄✺✄✪✬✦ ♦ ✩✠✺✼✦✜✲✔t➏④⑤✦✜✺✼✇➐✉✏✇❋✦▼★✔✇➦❹❶✫✵✉✕t➦✦▼✻✮✉✝✶❋✶❋✪✼✲♣✴✷✦▼❹❢✉✝✺✄✫✵✸✜➎➐Ï➌✉✕✩❋✻✼✻✼✦▼✉✕t➩♥ Ð➏➣✽✇✠✫➛❹➛✉❪✴✠✦▼❹⑥✩❋❹Ñt☎✩❋❹ ♦ ✫✍✪➌✲✕✾↕✻✄✫✵✻✬✻✼✦✜✲✔t❋✻➌✦▼t ✉✕t✞➎➦✲✔t✠✫➅✲✕✾↕✺✼✇✠✫✵✻✄✫✐❖✵✭✝❼➐❻✝❼❪➚❬✻✄✫✵qs✲✔t❋⑨➔✦▼t✞✺✄✫✍✪✼❵✝✉✕✸▼✻✣✦✈✻❢❖✵✭✕①✕①☎➃ ♦ ✫✵✸✜✲♠④➂✺✼✇✠✫➔➺✼❻♠➚❬✻✼✦✜★✔❹❢✉➏✸▼✦✈❹➛✦✜✺✼➻✷♥✏➣✽✇❋✦✈✻☞✶✹✸✜✲✕✺⑥qs✲✔✩❋✸▼⑨ ❹➛✲✔t❋✦✜✺✄✲✕✪✼✫✵⑨✐qs✲✔t✞✺✼✦▼t✞✩❋✲✔✩❋✻✼✸✜➎➨✦▼t❷✺✼✦✈❹❶✫✕➃➩⑨✠✪✼✲✕✶❋✶✑✦▼t✠★❢✲✔✸✈⑨✠✫✍✪ ♦ ✫ ♦ ✉✝✪✬✻②✲✝Ò➔✺✼✇✠✫❶✸✜✫✍✾❸✺✚➚❬✻✬✦▼⑨✠✫⑥✲✕✾❅✺✼✇✠✫➓✶✹✸▼✲✕✺✍➃➩✉✕t❋⑨➐✉✕⑨❋⑨❋✦▼t❋★rt✠✫✍④ ♦ ✉✝✪✬✻②✲✔t✐✺✼✇✠✫➓✪✬✦✜★✔✇✞✺✍⑧➩✺✼✇✠✫❶✩✠✶❋✶➥✫✍✪➌❻♠➚❬✻✼✦✜★✔❹➛✉❑✸▼✦▼❹❢✦✜✺⑤④✳✲✔✩❋✸▼⑨✐t✠✫✍✫✵⑨➨✺✄✲ ♦ ✫✣✺✼✉✕✦✈✸✜✲✕✪✼✫✵⑨➨✺✄✲✏✻✄✶➥✫✵q✍✦✜➋✹q⑥✇✠✲✔✩✠✪✬✻②✲✕✾❅✺✼✇✠✫❶⑨❋✉✵➎✕➃ 60 20 30 40 50 40 30 T 10 0 10 PE PA 0 0 20 R Elapsed time since start of session 50 60 50 40 30 10 20 Session start time Ó 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Ô✧Õ✜Ö✔×❋Ø✼Ù☞Ú☎Û✳Ü☎Ù✵Ý✼Ý✼Õ▼Þ✔ß➅à✹×✠Ø✬á✝â✼Õ✜Þ✔ß➅ã✹ä✜Þ✕Time â✍å➒æ✧á✕ß✠Ù✵ä➒ç❽á❂è✳à✹Õ▼Ý✄ã✹ä▼á♣é☎Ý✳â✼ê✠Ù☞ä▼Ù✵ß✠Ö✕â✼ê➅Þ✕ë❴â✼Session ê✠Ù☞Ý✼Ù✵duration Ý✼Ý✼Õ✜Þ✔ß➊ì✠Ý✄â✼á✝Ø✬â✼Õ▼ß✠Ö❶á✝â↕â✼ê✠Ù☞á✕ísâ✼×❋á✕ä â✼Õ✈î❶Ù☞ñ✷å AF Ý✼â✼á✝Ø✼â⑤â✼Õ▼î➛Ù✕å✽æ➄á✕ß❋Ù✵ä✳ç③ï➪è❦ì➥á❢Ý✬ê❋Õ✜ë③â✄Ù✵à✏ð✕Ù✍Ø✬Ý✼Õ▼Þ✔ß✏Þ✕ë➧ã✹á✕ß✠Ù✵ä✳ç❽á❂è❦ì➪à✹Õ▼Ý✄ã✹ä▼á♣é☎Ý✽â✼ê✠Ù⑥ä▼Ù✵ß✠Ö✕â✼ê✏Þ✕ë➧â✼ê✠Ù⑥Ý✄Ù✵Ý✼Ý✼Õ▼Þ✔ß➊ì✑Ý✄â✼á✝Ø✬â✼Õ▼ß✠Ö❢á✝â à✹á✵é✷Ý✽Þ✕ë➄â✼ê✠Ù☞ò✳Ù✍Ù✍ó✑ì✹á✕ß✹à✏Ý✄Ù✵á✕Ý✄Þ✔ß❋Ý⑤Þ✕ë❴â✼ê❋Ù☞é✕Ù✵á✝Ø✵å ô②Õ✈Ý✄â✄Ø✬Õ✜ï✹×❋â✼Õ✜Þ✔ß➐Þ✕ë⑤Ý✄Ù✵Ý✬Ý✼Õ✜Þ✔ß➑à❋×✠Ø✬á✝â✼Õ✜Þ✔ß❿ï✞é➦Ý✼Ù✵Ý✼Ý✼Õ✜Þ✔ß➑Ý✄â✼á✝Ø✼â⑥â✼Õ▼î❶Ù❑í✍á✕ß➔á✕ä▼Ý✄Þ❷ï➥Ù➅à❋Õ▼Ý✄ã✹ä✈á✵é✕Ù✵à❿á✕Ý➓á➨Ý✼í✍á✝â✄â✄Ù✍Ø❶ã✹ä✜Þ✕â 4 ✁➏á✝Ø✬í❦ê✠Ù✍â✄â✄Ù✄✝✂ ñ✕ñ✆❿ ☎ ç③ã➩å✞✝✟✞☎ è❦å✡✳✠ Ù✵í✍á✕×❋Ý✄Ù➓â✼ê✠Ù➓Ý✼ê✠Þ✕Ø✼â ☞☛ ✆✌ Õ✈ß❋Ý✄â✄Ù✵á✕✎ à ✍➯Õ➜å➼Ù✕å✜ì✱ç③õ✹ö✵÷✑ø✹ì✑✏✞ý✓✒✕✔✖✏✞ø✕þ✹è❦å✡✗❇ë✱Þ✔ß❋Ù➓ä▼Þ✞Þ✕ó✷Ý❀ð✕Ù✍Ø✼é✐í✍ä✜Þ✔Ý✄Ù✵ä✜é➨á✝â➌â✼ê❋Õ▼Ý②ã✹ä✜Þ✕â✍ì➊Þ✔ß✠Ù❶Ý✄Ù✍Ù✵Ý✮á✕ß➐á✕ä▼î❶Þ✔Ý✄â➌ã➥Ù✍Ø✼ë③Ù✵ísâ✼ä✜é Ý✼â✄Ø✬á✕Õ✜Ö✔ê✞â✱ä▼Õ▼ß✠Ù➠Þ✕ë➥ã➥Þ✔Õ▼ß✞â✼Ý➧á✝✕ â ✏❂✘ ý ✒✕✔✖✏✞ø✝þ✄✙✚✂☎å✛✂ Ó✢✜ ☛✮ï➪Ù✍â❨ò❅Ù✍Ù✵ß➅Ý✄Ù✵Ý✼Ý✬Õ✜Þ✔ß❶Ý✄â✼á✝Ø✼â❅â✼Õ▼î❶Ù✵Ý➧Þ✕ë✣✂✕Ú❀â✄Þ✤☛✢✥✮î➛Õ▼ß☎×✠â✄Ù✵Ý➧Õ▼ß✞â✄Þ☞â✼ê❋Õ▼Ý ê❋Þ✔×✠Ø➠Þ✕ë❴á✕ísâ✼Õ✜ð✷Õ✜â❬é✕å❅Ô➄Õ▼Ö✔×✠Ø✼✡ Ù ☛✠ç③ï➪è✱✟ Ù ☎ ✦ ã✑á✕ß❋à❋Ý➠â✼ê❋Õ▼Ý✳ã✹á✝Ø✬â❅Þ✕ë➄â✼ê✠Ù❀ã✹ä✜Þ✕â✍ì✷ò⑤ê✠Ù✍Ø✬Ù❛â✼ê❋Õ✈Ý✳ê❋Þ✕Ø✬★Õ ✍✧ Þ✔ß✞â✼á✕ä➊Ý✄Ù✍â↕Þ✕ë➯ã➥Þ✔Õ▼ß✞â✼Ý➠ê❋á✵ð✕Ù ï➥Ù✍Ù✵ßrÕ▼à✠Ù✵ß✞â✼Õ★✩❋Ù✵à➓ò⑤Õ✜â✼ê❢Ø✼Ù✵✫ à ✪✭✬✯✮ ✮ Ý✄é✷î✮ï➥Þ✔ä▼Ý✵å✱✽✰ ê❋Ù⑤Ý✼×❋Ý✄ã✑Õ▼í✍Õ✜Þ✔×❋Ý✧ã➥Þ✔Õ▼ß✞â✼Ý➧ë❽á✕ä▼ä✹Õ▼ß✞â✄Þ☞â❨ò❅Þ⑥Ö✕Ø✼Þ✔×✠ã✹Ý✵Û➄á✕ßrÙ✵á✝Ø✬ä✜é➓Ö✕Ø✼Þ✔×✠ãrÞ✕ë ✂ Ó✢✜ ã➥Þ✔Õ▼ß✞â✼Ý✮ç❽î❶Ù✵á✕ß❷ù✔ú✠û✠ü✔õ✹ö✔ý✕þ✲✙✴✳✆☎☛ å ñ✵➅☛ Ý✄Ù✵ísÞ✔ß✹à❋Ý❦è❦ì✑á✕ß✹à❷á➛ä▼á✝â✄Ù✍Ø②Ö✕Ø✼Þ✔×✠ã❷Þ✕ë✶✝✷☛✢✂❶ã➥Þ✔Õ▼ß✞â✼Ý✣ç❽î❶Ù✵á✕ß➏ù✕ú✠û✠ü✔õ✑ö✕ý✕þ✸✙ ✳✆☛☎å✞✝✷☛➓Ý✼Ù✵ísÞ✔ß❋à❋Ý❦è❦å✺②✹ ä▼ä✻☎✓✝✂ ñ⑥ã➥Þ✔Õ▼ß✞â✼Ý❅á✝Ø✬Ù❛ò✳Ù✍ï➅Ý✼Ù✵Ý✼Ý✼Õ✜Þ✔ß❋Ý❀ç❽à✠Ù✵Ý✄â✼Õ✈ß❋á✝â✼Õ✜Þ✔ßrã➪Þ✕Ø✬â ✜ ñ❂è❅á✕ß❋à➅á✝Ø✬Õ▼Ý✄Ù❛ë❸Ø✼Þ✔î➀á⑥Ý✼Õ▼ß✠Ö✔ä✜Ù②Ý✄Þ✔×✠Ø✬ísÙ ✗✚æ Ó ☛✢✂✼☎ Ó ì❋à✠Ù✵Ý✄â✼Õ▼ß✹á✝â✼Õ✜Þ✔✄ß ✚✗ æ✽☎✓☛✢✝✥ ñ✕ñ✷ì❋á✕ß❋à➅Ý✄Þ✔×✠Ø✬ísÙ②ã➥Þ✕Ø✼â✾✍✝ ñ✕ñ✕ñ✕ñ✷å✿➤ ✹ î➛❁á ✚❀ Þ✕Ø➠í✬ê✹á✕ä▼ä✜Ù✵ß✠Ö✕Ù❀Õ▼Ý✱Õ✈ß➛â✼ê✠Ù❀à✠Ù✍ð✕Ù✵ä✜Þ✕ã✹î➛Ù✵ß❂â✳Þ✕ë Ý✼â✼á✝â✼Õ▼Ý✄â✼Õ▼í✍á✕ä❂✪✄Ý✼ísØ✼Ù✍Ù✵ß❋Õ▼ß❋✵ Ö ❶ ✮ á✕ä✜Ö✕Þ✕Ø✬Õ✜â✼ê❋î❢Ý↕â✄ÞrÕ▼à❋Ù✵ß❂â✼Õ✜ë③érÝ✬×❋í✬ê❃✄✪ Õ✈ß❂â✄Ù✍Ø✼Ù✵Ý✼â✼Õ▼ß✠Ö✵❶✮ ã✹á✝â✄â✄Ù✍Ø❦ß❋Ý⑤Õ▼ß➉à✹á✝â✼á➛ã✹ä✜Þ✕â✼Ý⑤Ý✼×❋í✬ê❷á✕Ý✽â✼ê❋Õ▼Ý Þ✔ß❋Ù✕ì❋Ý✄Þ➓â✼ê❋á✝â➠ã➪Þ✕â✄Ù✵ß✞â✼Õ▼á✕ä➊á✝â✄â✼á✕í✬ó☎Ý⑤â✄Þ➛ß✠Ù✍â❬ò✳Þ✕Ø✼ó✷Ý↕í✍á✕ß❑ï➪Ù➌Õ▼à❋Ù✵ß❂â✼★Õ ✹ ✩ Ù✵àrÕ▼ßrØ✼Ù✵á✕ä➥â✼Õ▼î➛Ù✕å✺⑤❄ Þ♠ò❅Ù✍ð✕Ù✍Ø✵ì✑Ý✼Õ▼ß❋ísÙ❀á✕ß➉Õ▼❅ß ✹✩ ß✹Õ✜â✄Ù ß☎×❋î✣ï➥Ù✍Ø↕Þ✕ë❴ã✹á✝â✄â✄Ù✍Ø❦ß❋Ý↕í✍á✕ß➉Þ✷í✍í✍×✠Ø✵ì❋á❶Ø✼Ù✵á✕Ý✼Þ✔ß❋á✝ï✹ä✜Ù➌ísÞ✔ä▼ä✜Ù✵ísâ✼Õ▼Þ✔ß➉Þ✕ë➄ä✈Õ✜ó✕Ù✵ä✜é➛ã✹á✝â✄â✄Ù✍Ø❦ß❋Ý✽î⑥×❋Ý✄â↕ï➥Ù➌Õ▼à✠Ù✵ß✞â✼Õ★❋ ✩ Ù✵à➊ì✷Ý✄Þ❶â✼ê❋á✝â Ý✼â✼á✝â✼Õ▼Ý✄â✼Õ▼í✍á✕ä❅Ý✼Õ✜Ö✔ß❋Õ★✑ ✩ í✍á✕ß❋ísÙ➓Þ✔ß➦â✼ê✠Ù✵Õ✜Ø✣à✠Ù✍â✄Ù✵ísâ✼Õ✜Þ✔ß❿í✍á✕ß→ï➥Ù❇✞❆ ×✹á✕ß❂â✼Õ★✹✩ Ù✵à➊å✄②✹ ä✜Ö✕Þ✕Ø✬Õ✜â✼ê❋î❢Ý❀ò⑤ê❋Õ▼í❦ê➦Õ▼à✠Ù✵ß✞â✼Õ✜ë③é❷â✄Þ☎Þ➏î➛á✕ß✞é ë❽á✕ä▼Ý✄Ù☞ß❋Ù✍Ö✔á✝â✼Õ✜ð✕Ù✮ã✹á✝â✄â✄Ù✍Ø❦ß❋Ý↕ò✳Þ✔×❋ä▼à❑Ø✼Ù✵Ý✼×✹ä✜â↕Õ▼ß➉á✕ß❷×❋ß✹ß✠Ù✵ísÙ✵Ý✼Ý✼á✝Ø✼é❑ß☎×❋î✮ï➥Ù✍Ø↕Þ✕ë✧Ý✼ê☎×✠â✼à✠Þ♣ò❛ß❋Ý✽á✕ß❋à➉Ý✄Ù✍Ø✬ð☎Õ▼ísÙ✣à✠Ù✵ß❋Õ▼á✕ä▼Ý✵å ❈✾❉✟❊★❋✢●■❍■❏✢❑❅▲✭▼✓❍✛◆❖▲✄P✭❉✷●■◗✿❉✭❉✟❑❘◆❙❋✢❍❯❚❱▲❲❏✖❳✯▲❨❍★❩❁❉❭❬✼❋✆❚❨❍■❋✘P✟❊✞❉❨▲ Ô➄Õ▼Ö✔×✠Ø✼Ù Ó Ý✼ê✠Þ♠ò⑤Ý↕á➓Ý✄Ù✍Ø✬Õ✜Ù✵Ý➠Þ✕ë❴ã✹ä✜Þ✕â✼Ý➠Þ✕ë➄â✼ê✠Ù❀â✄Ø✬á✕ß❋Ý✄ë③Þ✕Ø✬î❶Ù✵à❫❪✓❴❙☎ ❵ õ✠ø⑥ð❪á✝Ø✬Õ✈á✝ï✹ä✜Ù✕ì❖❂✏ ý✘✒✕✔❛❴❅✞❵ õ✠ø✹ì✞ð✕Ù✍Ø✬Ý✬×❋Ý✳â✼ê✠Ù➌â✄Ø✬á✕ß❋Ý✖✌ ë③Þ✕Ø✬î❶Ù✵❲ à ❪✓❜✹ü❅❝✼✠ ❞ ø❂õ❀ð❪á✝Ø✬Õ✈á✝ï✹ä✜Ù✕ì✓❂✏ ý✘✒✕✔❛❜❙❞☎õ❭✙ ä✜Þ✕Ö➥ç✖✝✘✬✄❡ ❢✄❣✐❤❦❥♠❧❅♥♠✼♦ è❦ì❂Õ▼ß✣ë❸Þ✔×✠Ø✧Ý✄Ù✍ã✹á✝Ø❦á✝â✄Ù↕Ø✬á✕ß✠Ö✕Ù✵Ý✍å✧æ✧á✕ß✠Ù✵ä➊ç❽á❂è➄à❋Õ▼Ý✄ã✹ä✈á✵é✷Ý Þ✕ï✑Ý✄Ù✍Ø✼ð✝á✝â✼Õ✜Þ✔ß❋Ý❀ë③Þ✕Ø☞ò⑤ê❋Õ▼í❦ê♣❂ ✏ ý✘✒✿✔q❜❙☎❞ õ✏Ø❦á✕ß✠Ö✕Ù✵Ý➌ï➥Ù✍â❬ò✳Ù✍Ù✵❃ ß ✝❶á✕ß❋à✫➐ ✂ çr❪✓✑❜ ü❙❝✼✠❞ ø❂õ✏ï➥Ù✍â❬ò✳Ù✍Ù✵ß❿Ú❑á✕ß❋às✔☎ ñ❂❱è ➧✍ Õ✜â➌Ý✼ê❋Þ♣ò⑤Ý☞á Ý✬í✍á✝â✄â✄Ù✍Ø❅á✝Ø✼Þ✔×❋ß✹à⑥á❀Ö✕Ù✵ß❋Ù✍Ø✬á✕ä▼ä✜é⑥Õ▼ß❋ísØ✼Ù✵á✕Ý✼Õ✈ß✠Ö❛â✄Ø✬Ù✵ß❋à➊ì❂Ý✼Õ✈î❶ã✹ä▼★Õ ✹ ✩ Ù✵à☞Õ▼ß❶æ✧á✕ß✠Ù✵ä➩ç③ï➪è❴ò⑤Õ▼â✼ê✣ï➥Þt☎✦ ã✹ä▼Þ✕â✧à✹Õ▼Ý✄ã✹ä▼á♣é☎Ý↕ç③â✼ê✠Ù✽ä✈á✝ï➪Ù✵ä✈Ý Õ✈ß➉â✼ê✠✡ Ù ✦❦✌❬á✼✠ ✦ Õ▼Ý⑤á✝Ø✼Ù✣â✼ê✠Ù✣Ý✬á✕î❶Ù✮á✕Ý❛â✼ê✠Þ✔Ý✄Ù✣Õ✈ß➉ã✹á✕ß✠Ù✵ä✳ç❽á❂è❦ì➪î⑥×❋ä✜â✼Õ✜ã✑ä▼Õ✜Ù✵à➅ï✞é✉✍✝ ñ❂è❦å⑤æ✧á✕ß✠Ù✵ä✳ç❽í♣è↕Ý✼ê❋Þ♣ò⑤Ý❛Þ✔ß✠Ù✮Ý✼ê❋Þ✕Ø✼â❛ä▼Õ✈ß✠Ù Þ✕ë✕✂✢✕ ✥ Ú➅ã➪Þ✔Õ✈ß❂â✼Ý❛á✝Ø✼Þ✔×❋ß❋à✉❂✏ ý✘✒✕✔❛❜❙☎❞ õ✲✙✈☎✂ å✇✳✢✐ ✳ çr❪✓✹❜ ü❅❝❁❋❞ ø❂✸õ ①✈✂✢✂ Ó è❛á✕ß❋♣ à ✞ ✏ ý✓✒✕✔❛❴❅☎❵ õ✷ø②✙③☎☛ å ✜ ➐ ✂ çr❪✵❴❅✞❵ õ✠ø✸①④✝✢✝✷✂☎ì✇✳✆✥✢✂✔è❦ì á✕ä✈ä✑Þ✕ë➄ò⑤ê❋Õ✈í✬ê➉ísÞ✔î❶Ù➌ë③Ø✼Þ✔î à✠Ù✵Ý✄â✼Õ✈ß❋á✝â✼Õ✜Þ✔ß❑ã➥Þ✕Ø✼â ✜ ñ✏ç③ò❅Ù✍ï➥è❦ì✹Ý✄Þ✔×✠Ø✬ísÙ✯✗✚⑤ æ ✕ ✂ Ú✝ñ✓❪✳ ñ✷ì➪á✕ß❋à➉à✠Ù✵Ý✄â✼Õ▼ß✹á✝â✼Õ✜Þ✔ß⑥✗❇æ⑤☎✢☎❂Ú➉ç❽Ý✄Ù✵í✍×✠Ø✼Ù ò✳Ù✍ï➔Ù✵ß❋ísØ✼é☎ã❋â✼Õ✜Þ✔ß✉✷ ⑦ õ☎✵õ ❜✎✔⑧ è❱✱✍ á✕ß❋à➑á✕ß✠Þ✕â✼ê✠Ù✍Ø❶Ý✼ê✠Þ✕Ø✼â➓Ý✄Ù✍â⑥Þ✕ë❛Ú✢❷✥ ã➪Þ✔Õ✈ß❂â✼Ý⑥á✝Ø✼Þ✔×❋ß❋⑨ à ✞ ✏ ý✓✒✕✔❛❜❙✷❞ õ✉✙⑩✂☎å ✜ ❘ ☎ çr❪✵✑❜ ü❅❝❁❋❞ ø✔õ✫① Þ✕ë✱ã➪Þ✔Õ✈ß❂â✼Ý✍ì➧ç③õ✑ö✍÷➪ø❋ì➥ù✔ú✷û❋ü✕õ✑ö✔ý✝þ✑è❦ì✑á✕Ý❀Ý✼ê✠Þ♠ò⑤ß➨Õ▼ß❷ÿ➐Ù✍Ö✔î❢á✕ß➐á✕ß❋à DR C0 Ý✼Ù✵Ý✼Ý✼Õ✜Þ✔ß❋Ý➯à✠Þ✔î➛Õ▼ß❋á✝â✄Ù✱â✼ê❋Õ▼Ý➊ã✹ä▼Þ✕â✍ì❪Ô✧Õ✜Ö✔×✠Ø✬Ù ✠ç❽á❂è➩Ý✼ê❋Þ♣ò⑤Ý➯â✼ê❋Õ▼Ý➩Ý✼á✕î➛Ù➒ã✹ä✜Þ✕â✍ì❪ï✹×✠â➯×✹Ý✼Õ▼ß✠Ö➠â✼ê✠Ù✳ä✜Þ✕Ö ➜â✄Ø✬á✕ß❋Ý✄ë③Þ✕Ø✬î❶Ù✵à☞Þ✕Ø✬à❋Õ▼ß❋á✝â✄Ù PE 800 600 0 T 200 PA 400 #(concurrent sessions in 30−sec period) 1000 R 1200 ❶ 0 15 30 45 60 AF ❹❷ ❸★❺✵❻✻❼❾❽✶❿❅➀➂➁➄➃✆❼❾➅❖➆★➇✢➈✺➇✢➉➊➈❾➋❅❽❂➌✘❻✻➍✤➎➊❽♠❼✺➇✢➉✣➏➐❽✷➏❾➏✭❸★➇✵➌❇❸✞➌❇➏✭❻✻➑♠➑✟❽✷➏❾➏❾❸★➒✢❽➔➓✆→✼➣↔➏➐❽✷➑✟➇✵➌✻↕❫➌❅➇✵➌❙➣q➇❁➒✢❽♠❼✭➆✞➃✆➅✻➅❖❸➙➌❅❺✡❸✞➌✘➈➐❽♠❼❾➒✼➃✢➆➙➏✺↕✻❻❅❼✭❸➙➌❅❺ ➈❾➋✻❽❲➋❅➇✵❻✻❼❲➛✖➜✷➝✆→②❸✞➌✘➈➐❽♠❼❾➒✆➃✢➆✞➏❱➞❱➟✾➠✶➋✻❽❲➍➡❽✷➃✢➌✁➌❦❻✻➍❭➎➊❽♠❼➢❸✞➏❂➤✢➝✢➓s➛■➏➐➈❾➃✢➌❖↕✻➃✆❼✭↕✁↕❅❽♠➒❦❸➙➃✆➈❾❸★➇✵➌s➥④➜✟❿✵→✓➞❱➦✎➧❙❸★❽✷➆✞↕✻❸✞➌✻❺❇➃✢➌✁❻✻➅✻➅➊❽♠❼ ➓❁➣↔➏✭❸★❺✵➍❇➃❇➆✞❸➙➍❇❸★➈✕➇✢➉❹➃✆➅❖➅✻❼❾➇✷➨❅❸✞➍❇➃✆➈➐❽✷➆✞➧➩➜✷➓✼❿✓➓❦➟➄➠✶➋❅❽✡➍❇➃✼➨❅❸✞➍❲❻✻➍➫➇✢➉✑➈❾➋✻❽✷➏➐❽✄➜✷➝✆→✄➑✟➇✵❻❖➌✓➈❾➏❂❸✞➏✯➜✷➝✢➤✢➤❦➟ Session start time 2.271 (b) 2.270 ++ + + + ++ ++ + + ++++ +++ + + + ++ + ++ ++ + + + + + +++ + + +++ +++++ +++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++ +++++ +++++++ +++ +++++ + ++++++++++ + ++ ++ + +++ ++ + 2.269 2.268 2 log.len oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo + + + + + + ++ ++ + + ++ ++ ++++ +++++++ + +++++++ ++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++ +++ +++++++++ +++ +++++++++ ++ + ++ ++++ 0 2.267 1 log.len 3 C0 DR 4 4 (a) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 ❷❹❸★❺✵❻✻❼❾❽➔➭❦➀✺➯✿➆★➇✢➈✿➇✢➉✑➆★➇✢❺✆➣q➈➐❼✭➃✢➌✻➏➐➉r➇✢❼✭➍➡❽✷↕⑥➲✵➳❙➵✻➸✢➺✐➻✵➼✆➽✎➦❙➾✘➼✓➚✕➪➐➾✓➶✢➽➊➦✘➃✢➏✕➃✤➉■❻✻➌✻➑✟➈❾❸★➇✵➌❘➇✢➉➹➏➐❽✷➏❾➏✭❸★➇✵➌❘➏❾➈❾➃✆❼❾➈✿➈❾❸➙➍➡❽✢➟✺➘✾➇✢➈➐❽➢➈❾➋❅❽ ➃✢➆➙➍➡➇✵➏➐➈✯➅➊❽♠❼❾➉r❽✷➑✟➈❾➆★➧➩➋❅➇✢❼❱❸★➴♠➇✵➌✓➈❾➃✢➆☞➆✞❸✞➌❅❽➷➇✢➉✕➅➬➇✵❸➙➌✓➈❾➏✯➃✆➈❲➾✘➼✘➚✿➪➐➾✓➶✢➽✉➥➮➝❦➟✛➝✢➱✢✃✢➭✸➎➊❽♠➈↔❐✕❽♠❽✷➌♣➈❾❸✞➍➡❽✷➏✤➝✢➓❫➃✢➌✻↕✫➭✵❶❫➍❇❸➙➌✘❻❅➈➐❽✷➏ ❸➙➌✓➈➐➇➡➈❾➋❅❽✤➋❅➇✵❻❅❼✷➟ Session start time Session start time + : SIP = 65246, DIP = 45900, DPort = 80, SPort = 10000 NByte vs Npacket 3 2 3 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 0 R 1 1 2 log.byte 4 4 5 5 ❒ 2.0 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2.4 2.6 2.8 7.5 7.0 6.5 log.byte + + ++++ ++ +++++++ ++++ + + ++++ +++ ++ + + + ++ + ++ +++++ + + + ++ ++ + +++++ ++ + +++ + +++ ++ + +++ ++ ++ ++ +++++++++++ +++ +++ ++++ +++ ++++ ++++ ++ ++++++++++++ + ++++ + + + + + + + ++ + ++++++ + ++ +++ + + + + + + +++ ++++ +++++ + + + +++ +++++ + ++++ +++ +++++ ++ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++++++++++++++ ++ ++ ++++++ +++++++++++++++ +++ ++ ++ + ++++ + ++ ++ + ++ ++++ ++++ ++ ++++ + + ++ + + ++ + + +++ +++ ++ + ++ ++ +++++++++ + +++ +++ + ++ +++ ++ ++ +++ + +++++++++++++ ++++++++++ ++ + + +++ + ++++++ ++ + + + ++ ++ ++ +++ + ++ +++ ++ +++++ + +++++ + ++++ +++ ++ ++ + +++ ++ +++++ +++ + + ++ + + ++ + + +++++ + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ ++++ + ++ + ++++ + + + + + + + + +++ + + + ++ + + + ++ + + ++ +++++++ ++ + + + + + + ++++++ ++ + + +++ + + +++ + ++++ + + +++ ++ + +++++ + + ++++++ + + + +++ + + + + + 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 T 2.2 6.0 PA 2.0 5.5 5.5 5.0 4.0 4.5 log.byte 6.0 PE log.pkt 119,322 observations 3.0 ❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð✻Ñ❾Ò❭Ó❦Ô☞Õ☞Ö✞×✢Ø❾ÙÚ×✢Û❂Ü✓Ý✘Þ✕ß❛à❅á✘â❅ã➷ä✢Ò♠Ñ✭Ù✭Ð✻Ù❂Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ß❛å❙æ❙â✐ç❅❰✞è❫é✄Ù✭Ð❅ê✻Ñ✭ë✢è❅Ï✢Ò✷Ù➄×✢Û➢Ü✓Ý✘Þ✿ßqå❙æ❦â➬ì AF log.pkt (14,612 observations) log.pkt (800 observations) DR C0 4 í✢î✢ï✵ð ë✢è✻ñ✉Ü✓Ý✘Þ✕ß❛à❅á✘â❅ã❘ò î ì✛Ó✼é♣órô✵à❅á✘â❅ã❫õ③ö ❒ ç✛÷✼é✻ø ð ç✣ë✢Ö✞Ö➹×✢Û➂ù✾ú✻❰✞û❱ú✸û✟×✵ü➡Ò❲Û❯Ñ✭×✵ü⑩ý✻þ❁ÿ❫é ❒ ÷✵ö✘✁ç ➬þ✼ÿ î Ó✢Ó❙ø í ✁ç ❦ÿ❅✄Ý ✂❦â ✆❒ ☎ ì✁Õ❹ë✢è❅Ò✷Ö✞Ù❫ó■û ð ë✢è❖ñ ó■ñ ð ë✢Ö✞Ù➐×✁Ù❾ú❅×tù✈Ø❾ú✻ë✆Ø❲Ø❾ú❅Ò❘ñ❖ë✆Ø❾ë✲Ûr×✢Ñ❲ú❖❰★Ï✵ú♣ä✆ë✢Ö✞Ð❅Ò✷Ù✤×✢Û➷Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ßqå❦æ❙â✁✞Ù ❖✝ Ö✞❰★Ø❭ë✢Ö✞×✵è❅Ï✲Ø ù✿×✉Ö✞❰✞è✻Ò✷Ù ù❂❰★Ø❾úsë✆✝✟✝✻Ñ❾×✡✠❙❰✞ü✄ë✆Ø➐Ò✷Ö☞☛➩Ð✻è❖❰★Ø✯Ù❾Ö★✌× ✝➊Ò✤ê✐Ð❅Ø➢ù✾❰★Ø❾úsñ✻✎❰ ✍➊Ò♠Ñ❾Ò✷è✘Ø➢❰➙è✓Ø➐Ò♠Ñ✭û✟Ò✏✝❖Ø❾Ù✏✑✑ Ø❾ú✻Ò➷Ð✟✝✟➊✝ Ò♠Ñ➢Ù❾Ò♠Ø✡û✟×✢Ñ❾Ñ❾Ò✷Ù✒➊✝ ×✵è✻ñ✻Ù➢ü❇ë✢❰➙è✻Ö☞☛✸Ø➐× ñ✻Ò✷Ù➐Ø❾❰✞è✻ë✆Ø❾❰★×✵è✔✓ Õ ë✢ñ✻ñ✻Ñ❾Ò✷Ù❾Ù➐Ò✷Ù í✢î ó■Ù✭ü❭Ø✒✝❫ü❇ë✢❰✞Ö ð ç ❒✆☎ órù✿Ò♠ê ð ç❅ë✢è✻ñ✄é✢é✓÷❫ó■Ù➐Ò✷û♠Ð❅Ñ❾Ò➔ù✿Ò♠ê ð ✑✘Ø❾ú❅Ò➢Ö★×❁ù✿Ò♠Ñ➄Ù➐Ò♠Ø➄û✟×✢Ñ❾Ñ❾Ò✷✒Ù ✝➊×✵è✻ñ✻Ù ü❇×✵Ù➐Ø❾☞Ö ☛❇Ø➐×✕➊þ❁ÿ î✢î é❅✗ì ✖✶ú❅Ò➢ñ❅Ò✷è✻Ù➐Ò➢Ù➐Ò♠Ø➄×✢Û î✢î ✝➊×✵❰✞è✘Ø❾✘Ù ✝➊×✵❰✞è✘Ø❾Ù➄❰✞è❘❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð✻Ñ❾Ò➢Ó❅ó■ñ ð ó❛✚÷ ✙ ✜é ✛✚Ü✘Ý✘Þ✿ßqå❦æ❙✢â ✛⑤✚÷ ✙ ❒✵ð Ö✞❰✞Ò❂è❅Ò✷ë✆Ñ Ø❾ú✻Ò❲Ö✞❰➙è❅Ò➷Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ßqà❙á❦â❙ã❫ò✈✤÷ ✣➫Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ßqå❦æ❙â✐ç➬ë✢è✻ñ➩é✓÷✄×✢Û☞Ø❾ú❅Ò✷ü û✟×✢Ñ❾Ñ❾Ò✷Ù✒➊✝ ×✵è✻ñ➩Ø➐×✤❦ÿ❅✄Ý ✂❦â❫é✓÷❦✥ì ✖✶ú❅Ò✤Ò✦❦✠ Ø➐Ò✷è✘Ø➢Ø➐×⑥ù❂ú✻❰✞û✭ú Ù✭Ð✻û✭ú ✧ë ✝❖ë✆Ø➐Ø➐Ò♠Ñ✭è û✟×✵Ð✻Ö✞ñ✉×❙û♠û♠Ð❅Ñ❭ê✚✉ ☛ û✭ú✻ë✢è❖û✟Ò❘ë✢Ö★×✵è❅Ò❘Ù❾ú❅×✵Ð✻Ö✞ñ♣ê➬Ò❇❰➙è✓ä✢Ò✷Ù➐Ø❾❰✞Ï✵ë✆Ø➐Ò✷ñ✎★ ç ✝✐ë✆Ñ❾Ø❾❰✞û♠Ð✻Ö✞ë✆Ñ❱☞Ö ☛➩❰★Û✕Ø❾ú❅✏Ò ☛s×❙û♠û♠Ð❅Ñ✤ë✢Ö✞Ö ù❂❰★Ø❾ú✻❰✞è❫ë➡ÛrÒ♠ù Ù➐Ò✷û✟×✵è✻ñ❖ÙÚ×✢Û❹Ò✷ë✢û✭ú✸×✢Ø❾ú✻Ò♠Ñ❲órØ❾ú❅Ò✷Ù➐Ò✤ñ✻❰✞ñ❫è❅×✢Ø ð ì ✖✑Ð❅Ñ❱è✻❰✞è❅Ï➄è❅×tù Ø➐×✶Ø❾ú❅Ò➂Ñ❾Ò✷Ö➙ë✆Ø❾❰★×✵è✻Ù❾ú✻✩❰ ➔ ✝ ê➊Ò♠Ø ù✿Ò♠Ò✷è✤è✘Ð✻ü✤ê➊Ò♠Ñ➊×✢Û❦ê✚☛❦Ø➐Ò✷Ù♠ç❁✚ô ✪❦á✘â❅ã✻ç❁ë✢è✻ñ✡Ù➐Ò✷Ù❾Ù✭❰★×✵è✯ñ✻Ð❅Ñ✭ë✆Ø❾❰✞×✵è✎✡ç ✫✄✬✭✂✟✮✢✰â ✯✵✆Ý ✱✎ç ❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð✻Ñ❾Ò✷Ù➄ö✘ç ❒ ç❅ë✢è✻ñ ï ✝❖Ö★×✢ØÚÜ✓Ý✘Þ✿ßqà❅á✘â❅ã✤ä✢Ò♠Ñ✭Ù❾Ð✻Ù✶Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ß✖Ü✘✌ã ✱➊✳ç ✲✻Ñ✭Ù➐Ø✿Û❯×✢Ñ➄Ø❾ú❅Ò➔Ò✷è✓Ø❾❰✞Ñ❾Ò➔ñ❖ë✆Ø❾ë❲Ù❾Ò♠Ø➢ó■❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð❅Ñ✭Ò✯ö ð ç✻ë✢è✻ñ❘Ø❾ú❅Ò✷è ❰➙è ❒ Ù➐✏Ò ✝❖ë✆Ñ✭ë✆Ø➐ÒsÙ❾Ð❅ê❖Ñ✭ë✢è❅Ï✢Ò✷Ù⑥ñ❅✏Ò ✲❖è❅Ò✷ñ ✳ê ☛⑤Ø❾ú❅Ò✁❰➙è✓Ø➐Ò♠Ñ❾ä✆ë✢Ö✞Ù✄×✢Û②Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ßqà❙á❦â❙ã✽ë✢è✻ñ✚Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ß✖Ü✘✌ã ✱➊✴ ì ✖✾ú✻❰✞Ù✄✆ë ✝✵✝✻Ñ❾×✵ë✢û✭ú Ø➐× ä❙❰★Ò♠ù✾❰➙è❅Ï✲Ø❾ú❅Ò❫ñ✻ë✆Ø❾ësû♠ë✢è✽ê➊Ò❘û✟×✵è✻Ù❾❰➙ñ❅Ò♠Ñ❾Ò✷ñ✽ë✢Ù➷Ñ❾×✵Ð❅Ï✵ú✻☞Ö ☛s✷Ò ✶❦Ð✻❰★ä✆ë✢Ö★Ò✷è✘Ø✤Ø➐×✉ë✹✸➐ñ❅Ñ✭❰✞Ö✞☞Ö ✺↔ñ❅×tù✾✵è ✻✸✆ë ✝✟✻✝ Ñ❾×✵ë✢û❱ú✎ç➂ù✾ú❅Ò♠Ñ✭Ò⑥ë✢Ö✞Ö ñ❖ë✆Ø❾ë❘ë✆Ñ❾Ò➷ñ✻❰✞Ù✞✝❖Ö✞✷ë ☛✢Ò✷ñ➩❰✞è✸Ø➐Ñ❱ë✢è✻Ù❾Ö✞ë✆Ø➐Ò✷ñ➩Ñ❾Ò♠Ï✵❰★×✵è✻Ù❂×✢Û✺Ø❾ú❅Ò➷Ö★×✢Ï✢Ï✢Ò✷ñ✁ä✆ë✆Ñ✭❰✞ë✆ê❖Ö★Ò✷Ù✷ì✽✼✿Ò✷û♠ë✢Ð❖Ù➐Ò➷×✵è❅Ò✤ù✕×✵Ð✻Ö✞ñ✲✦Ò ✠✚✝➊Ò✷û✟Ø➢Ö★×✵è❅Ï✢Ò♠Ñ Ù❾Ò✷Ù❾Ù❾❰★×✵è✻Ù➔Ø➐×❫ê➊Ò❲ë✢Ù✭Ù➐×❦û♠❰➙ë✆Ø➐Ò✷ñsù✾❰★Ø❾ú✁ü➡×✢Ñ❾Ò➷✳ê ☛❦Ø➐Ò✷Ù♠✾ç ✝❖Ö✞×✢Ø❾Ù❂×✢Û❭Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ßqà❙á❦â❙ã②❀ ò ✿❂❁❄➬❃ ó✖✽ø ✣❆❅ ❇❉❈❋❊✳●✒❍ ð ä✢Ò♠Ñ✭Ù✭Ð✻Ù✡Ü✓Ý✘Þ✿ß➐Ü✘✆ã ✱ ò ✿❂❁❄➬❃ ó✖■ø ✣ ❅ ❏▲❑✵▼✌◆ ●P❖◗❁❙❘ ð Ù❾ú❅×✵Ð✻Ö✞ñ✲ê➊Ò❭Ñ✭ë✆Ø❾ú❅Ò♠Ñ✯ñ❅Ò✷è❖Ù➐Ò❲è✻Ò✷ë✆Ñ❂Ø❾ú❅Ò➡Ö★×❁ù Ò✷è❖ñ➩×✢Û☞Ò✷ë✢û✭ú✉Ù❾û♠ë✢Ö★Ò❲ê❖Ð❅Ø➔ü✤Ð❖û✭úsÖ★Ò✷Ù❾Ù➔ñ❅Ò✷è✻Ù➐Ò ❀ è✻Ò✷ë✆Ñ➡Ø❾ú❅Ò②❚Ð ✝✟✝➊Ò♠Ñ✤Ò✷è❖ñ✻Ù❲×✢Û✾Ø❾ú❅Ò❫Ñ❾Ò♠Ï✵❰★×✵è❖Ù♠❯ ì ✓✖è Û■ë✢û✟Ø♠ç✕Ø❾ú❅❱Ò ✝➬×✵❰➙è✓Ø❾Ù➷❰✞è✽❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð❅Ñ❾Ò✲ö➩ë✆Ñ❾Ò❫Ò✷✒Ù ✝➊Ò✷û♠❰✞ë✢Ö✞☞Ö ☛♣ñ✻Ò✷è✻Ù➐Ò②ë✆Ñ❾×✵Ð✻è✻ñ Ü✘Ý✘Þ✿ß➐Ü✓✌ã ✱✉ò ☎ ì î ç✑Ø❾ú❅Ò✷è✫Ö★Ò✷Ù❾Ù✡ñ❅Ò✷è❖Ù➐Ò❇Ð✻è✘Ø❾❰✞Ö✺Ü✓Ý✘Þ✿ß➐Ü✘ã✆✱✫ò ø✆ì✞ø✆ì❘❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð❅Ñ✭Ò❘ö❫ë✢Ö✞Ù➐×②Ñ❾Ò♠ä✢Ò✷ë✢Ö➙Ù❭ë✸Ù➐Ò♠Ø❭×✢✗Û ✝➊×✵❰✞è✘Ø❾Ù✡❰✞èsØ❾ú❅Ò ✟Ð ✝✟✝➊Ò♠Ñ➂Ñ✭❰★Ï✵ú✘Ø✺û✟×✢Ñ✭è❅Ò♠Ñ☞×✢Û➊Ø❾ú❅❲ Ò ✝❖Ö★×✢Ø♠ç í ì ✔î ❳ Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ß✖Ü✘✌ã ✱ ❳ ÷❦ç❦ë✢è✻ñ❘Ó ❳ Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ß❛à❅á❦â❙ã ❳ ö✘ç✓ù✾ú❖❰✞û✭ú❇❰➙Ù✺ñ✻❰✞Ù❾û♠Ð❖Ù❾Ù➐Ò✷ñ➷ê➊Ò✷Ö★×tù ❰➙è✲û✟×✵è✻è❅Ò✷û✟Ø❾❰✞×✵è➩ù❂❰★Ø❾ú✲❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð❅Ñ✭Ò❘ø✢ø✵ó■û ð ✥ì ❨☞❰✞Ï✵ú✓Ø➔Ù➐✏Ò ✝❖ë✆Ñ✭ë✆Ø➐Ò➡Ù❾Ð❅ê❖Ñ❾Ò♠Ï✵❰★×✵è✻ÙÚ×✢Û✿❮✱❰✞Ï✵Ð❅Ñ❾Ò➷ö✄ë✆Ñ❾Ò➷ñ✻❰✞✒Ù ✝✐Ö✞✷ë ☛✢Ò✷ñ➩❰✞è➩❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð✻Ñ❾Ò✷Ù ❒ ë✢è❖ñ ï ç✣ù✾ú❅Ò♠Ñ❾Ò➷Ø❾ú❅Ñ✭Ò♠Ò❇Ð✻è✻û✟×✵ü❇ü➡×✵è❖Ö☞☛✲Ù➐Ø➐Ñ✭ë✢❰✞Ï✵ú✓Ø✡Ö✞❰➙è❅Ò✷Ù➔×✢Û✗✝➊×✵❰✞è✘Ø❾Ù➔×❦û♠û♠Ð❅ÑtÔ➡ó✖ø ð ÷✵ö✢✤ö ✝➊×✵❰✞è✓Ø❾Ù➢❰✞è✉❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð✻Ñ❾Ò✷Ù ❒ ó■ñ ð ç➹❰✞è Ø❾ú✻Ò✡Ñ❾Ò♠Ï✵❰★×✵è②ù❂ú❅Ò♠Ñ❾Ò✤Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ß✖Ü✘ã✌✱❫❰✞Ù➄ê➊Ò♠Ø↔ù✕Ò♠Ò✷è✽ø✆ì✞øtö➡ë✢è✻ñ♣ø✆ì í ö✘ç➬ë✢è✻ñ➩Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ßqà❙á❦â❙ã⑥ò î ì ☎ ✑✱ó í✵ð✾í✢ï✢í ✝➊×✵❰✞è✘Ø❾ÙÚ❰✞è②❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð❅Ñ❾Ò ï ó■ë ð ç➹ù✾ú❅Ò♠Ñ❾Ò➡Ü✓Ý✘Þ✿ß➐Ü✘ã✆✲✱ ❰✞Ù➔ê➊Ò♠Ø↔ù✕Ò♠Ò✷è ø✆ì✛Ó ï ë✢è✻ñ ø✆ì✇ö ï ç✣ë✢è✻ñ♣Ü✓Ý✘Þ✿ßqà❅á✘â❅ã②ò î ì ❒ ✑☞ó❛÷ ð Ó ☎ ✝➊×✵❰✞è✘Ø❾Ù❂❰➙è➩❮❹❰★Ï✵Ð❅Ñ✭Ò ï ó■û ð ç ù❂ú❅Ò♠Ñ❾Ò❲Ü✘Ý✓Þ✕ß➐Ü✓ã✌✱❫❰✞Ù✶ê➬Ò♠Ø ù✿Ò♠Ò✷è í ì✇ö➡ë✢è❖ñ í ì ï ç➬ë✢è❖ñ➩Ü✓Ý✘Þ✕ß❛à❅á✘â❅ã❇❰➙è✻û✟Ñ❾Ò✷ë✢Ù➐Ò✷Ù✾Û❯Ñ❾×✵ü⑩Ó❦ì é✄Ø➐×②ö✘❩ì ✖✶ú✻✥Ò ✝➊×✵❰✞è✓Ø❾Ù✾❰✞è❫Ø❾ú❅Ò✷Ù➐Ò Ù❾Ò♠Ø❾Ù❭×✢ÛÚÖ✞❰✞è✻Ò✷Ù✯ú✻ë✷ä✢Ò❫❰✞è♣û✟×✵ü❇ü❇×✵è ó✖ø ð ý✻þ✼ÿ♣ò ø✷Ó ❒ ø✆ç☞ý✢ÿ❅Ý✄✂❦â♣ò ø ☎✌☎✌☎✌☎ ❬ç ❙ÿ❙Ý▲✂✘â♣ò í✢î ó■Ù❾ü✤✒Ø ✝ ü❇ë✢❰✞Ö ð ✑Úó í✵ð ý❅þ✼ÿ ò í ÷ ☎ ö ☎ ✾ç ➊þ❁ÿ➩ò③÷✢÷✢Ó❦❭ç ❙ÿ❙▲Ý ✂✘â✲ò ✆❒ ☎ órù✿Ò♠ê ð ✑✎ë✢è✻ñ ó❛÷ ð ❦ÿ❅▲Ý ✘✂ â✲ò î✢î é❅ç➹ý✢ÿ❅Ý✄✂❦â➩ò④ø í ö✆Ó✄Ø➐× ✆í ☎ ö ☎ ✥ì ❪✲×✵Ù➐❫Ø ✝➬×✢Ñ✭Ø è❦Ð✻ü✤ê➊Ò♠Ñ✭Ù❂ë✆Ñ✭Ò➷ë✢Ù✭Ù❾❰★Ï✵è❅Ò✷ñsë✆Ø➢Ñ✭ë✢è✻ñ❅×✵ü⑩Ûr×✢Ñ✯ë❘Ï✵❰✞ä✢Ò✷èsØ❾ë✢✒Ù ❴✐ç✣Ù❾×⑥Ø❾ú✻Ò➷û✟×✵ü✄ü➡×✵è✻ë✢Ö✞❰★❵Ø ☛✸×✢Û☞Ø❾ú✻Ò✷Ù➐Ò➡Ù➐Ò✷Ù❾Ù❾❰★×✵è❖Ù❂×✢Û✕Ù❾❰✞ü❇❰➙Ö✞ë✆Ñ Ù✭☞❰ ❛♠Ò✡ë✢è✻ñ✸ñ❅Ò✷Ù❾Ø❾❰✞è✻ë✆Ø❾❰★×✵è②ü❇❰✞Ï✵ú✓ØÚÑ✭ë✢❰➙Ù➐Ò✡Ù❾Ð✻Ù✒✝✐❰✞û♠❰★×✵è✎ì ❜ PE AF 3 T 4 PA 5 log(1 + sqrt{NBytes}) 6 R 7 NBytes vs Duration 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 5.5 5.0 + ++ ++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + ++ + + + + ++ +++ ++++++++++++++++++++++ + 3.5 4.0 4.5 +++ 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 log.byte 5.5 5.0 6.0 log.len 6.0 log.len 3.0 log.byte 4.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 log.byte 5.0 5.5 6.0 0.50 DR 4.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 log.byte C0 5.0 5.5 6.0 4 ❝❡❞✩❢✄❣❚❤✞✐❦❥✳❧❩♠✳♥▲♦❩♣rq✭s✚log(1 t✭✉✇+✈✌sqrt{duration}) ✐✏❤②①✞❣✟①③♠▲♥✳♦✗♣P④✄⑤✭⑥✟⑦✌t✰⑧✄♥✆⑨ 1.00 1.05 log.len 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 log.len x = SIP 1681, DPort 25, Sport 10000, 43−50 packets ❝❡❞✩❢✄❣❚❤✞✐❶⑩✚❧❩♠✳♥▲♦❩♣rq✭s✚t✭✉❷✈✌✐✏❤②①✞❣✟①❸♠✳♥✳♦✗♣P④✌⑤❚⑥✟⑦✌t✰⑧✌♥✌⑨✾❹▲❺✔①✞❣✟❻✟❤②❼✌❽❚❢✌✐✷① + 7 6.0 ❾✏❿ 5 log.byte 4.5 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 3 3.0 R 3.5 4 4.0 log.byte 5.0 6 5.5 ++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++ ++ +++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++ +++ +++++++++ +++ ++++++ ++ +++ ++ ++ 1.85 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 7 7 2.2 log.len2 PE log.len 292 points: SIP 23070, DIP 336, DPort 80 2.7 2.8 6 5 log.byte 4 T 2.6 3 PA 5 3 4 log.byte 6 +++ ++ ++++++++++++++++++++++ + + + ++++++++++++++ 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 AF ➀❡➁✩➂✄➃❚➄✞➅❶➆✚➇❩➈✳➉▲➊❩➋r➌✭➍✚➎✭➏❷➐✌➅✏➄②➑✞➃✟➑❸➈✳➉✳➊✗➋P➒✌➓❚➔✟→✌➎✰➣✌➉✌↔✾↕▲➙✔➑✞➃✟➛✟➄②➜✌➝❚➂✌➅✷➑ log.len2 log.len DR C0 4 ➞✰➟❂➠➢➡✌➟❂➤ ➥✗➦❋➡✌➟❂➤❂➧✌➨➫➩✦➭➲➯✌➠✒➧✆➳❄➵✵➸✕➧➢➺❦➻✳➼➽➸➽➟❂➤➾➨✰➡✌➟❂➤➚➧✆➨✤➵✭➧✌➠➽➟➾➸ ➪ ➜✆➛✵➶✩➅➘➹➴➑✞➷❚➬❄➮✗➅✷➱✴✃✞➷✟➜✆✃✢✃✞➷✟➁❐➑✢➷❚➬✄➃❚➄✢➬✌❒❷➁✩➝✳✃✒➅✏➄②➝❚➅✏✃✢➜✌❮✦✃✞➁✩➐✚➁☞✃❵❰Ï➁✩➝▲➐✌➬✄➶✩➐✌➅✷➱ÑÐ✌Ò ❿ ➱✵➁✎Ó✁➅✏➄②➅✷➝▲✃✢➱❚➅✷➑✞✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝ÏÔ❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑ Õ×Ö✭Ø ➉✄➔✚➎❚Ù❋Ú Ö✭Ø ➉▲➔✳➎➲Ò ❿ Õ ➮❩➅✏➛✁ÙÛ➁✩➑❬✃✞➷✟➅✽Ü❷➬✄➑✒✃✘❮✦➬✄Ü✇Ü✇➬✄➝✾↕✳❮✦➬✄Ü❷Ô✵➄②➁✩➑✞➁✩➝✟➂ ❾✌❾✷Ý ↕ ❾ Ð❙➙➲➬✌❒✁✃✞➷❚➅ ❾ Ð✌Þ✚↕ Ý✆❿ Þ❶➄✞➅✷❮✦➬✌➄②➱✟➑✏Ú ➪ ➷✟➅✽➝❚➅✦ß✚✃ Ü✇➬✄➑✒✃✕❮✦➬✄Ü✔Ü❷➬✄➝à➱❚➅✷➑✒✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁✩➬✄➝áÔ❭➬✌➄✞✃✕➁✩➑ Ö✭Ø ➉▲➔✚➎â➙✌➙▲Ð Õ ➑✞➅✷❮✏➃❚➄✞➅✤➮✗➅✏➛➘ã❚➎✳➎▲ä❭å✄Ù❋↕❬➃❚✃✞➁✩➶✩➁☞æ✏➅✷➱ ❾✌❾ ↕ Ý ➹✄çè✃✞➁✩Ü❷➅✷➑✏↕❬❒➾➬✄➶✩➶☞➬❄➮✗➅✷➱ ➛✚❰ Ö✚Ø ➉▲➔✳➎é➹✌Þ Õ Ü✔➜✌➁✩➶ëê❚ì ➪❲í Ù❸➜✌❮✏❮✦➅✷➑✞➑✒➅✷➱ Ý ↕ ❾ Ò Ý ✃✞➁✩Ü❷➅✷➑✏Ú í ➬✌➄✞✃✞➑❶Þ✌Þ❙➙❚↕ ❾✌❾ Ð✚↕ ❾✏❿✌❿✌❿✌❿ ↕❬Ò✌Ò✌Ò✌Ò✧➬✚❮✏❮✏➃❚➄❶➹ ❿✌❿ ↕ ❾ ➹✌Ò✚↕❡➆✄ç✳↕ ➆❙➙✜✃✞➁✩Ü❷➅✷➑✏↕✰➄✞➅✷➑✒Ô❭➅✷❮✦✃✞➁☞➐✌➅✷➶☞❰✌Ú ➪ ➮❩➅✷➶☞➐✌➅❶➱✟➅✷➑✒✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝éÔ❭➬✌➄✞✃❲➝✚➃✟Ü❶➛❭➅✏➄②➑❲➱✟➃❚➄②➁✩➝✟➂✕✃✞➷✵➁✩➑✽➷❚➬✄➃❚➄❸➬✚❮✏❮✏➃✟➄✞➄✞➅✷➱✢➛❭➅✏✃❵➮✗➅✏➅✷➝❉Þ✇➜✌➝✟➱ ➹✌➆✧✃✞➁✩Ü❷➅✷➑î➁✩➝❉✃✞➷❚➅❷ï✰➶☞➅✌ð❡Þ✤Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑❫➬✭❮✏❮✏➃❚➄✞➄✞➅✷➱❯➬✄➝✟➶☞❰é➙✧✃✞➁❐Ü❷➅✷➑✏↕★Ò✤➬✭❮✏❮✏➃❚➄✞➄✞➅✷➱❯➬✄➝✟➶☞❰ñÐ✤✃✞➁❐Ü❷➅✷➑✏↕ò➙✳ç❱➱✟➅✷➑✒✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝❉Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑ ➬✭❮✏❮✏➃❚➄✞➄②➅✷➱❉➬✄➝✟➶☞❰✢✃❵➮❲➁✩❮✦➅✌↕ó➜✌➝✟➱❯➹✌➆✌Ð❱➱✟➅✷➑✒✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝ñÔ❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑❫➬✭❮✏❮✏➃❚➄✞➄✞➅✷➱❉➬✄➝✵➶☞❰✢➬✄➝✟❮✦➅✌Ú➲ô❫➁✩➑✒Ô✵➶✩➜✡❰✚➁❐➝❚➂✤➜✌➶❐➶ ❾ Ð✌Þ✚↕ Ý✆❿ Þ✢Ô❭➬✄➁✩➝▲✃✞➑ ➬✄➝✜➬✄➝❚➅③Ô✵➶☞➬✌✃❩➁✩➑✗➝✟➬✌✃✘➐✌➅✏➄✞❰✔➁❐➝❚❒×➬✌➄❋Ü✇➜✆✃✞➁☞➐✌➅✌↕✭➑✒➬✕➁❐➝✟➑✒✃✒➅✷➜✌➱✇➮❩➅❫➑✞➃❚➛✾➱✟➁☞➐✭➁✩➱❚➅õ✃✞➷❚➅❫➑✒➅✷➑✞➑✞➁✩➬✄➝✇➄✞➅✷❮✦➬✌➄②➱✵➑❩➁❐➝▲✃✒➬❦➂✌➄✞➬✄➃❚Ô✵➑❩➜✌❮✏❮✦➬✌➄②➱✭ö ➁❐➝❚➂❱✃✒➬✢✃✞➷❚➅✷➁☞➄✥➱❚➅✷➑✞✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝❉Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑✏Ú✇÷❩➅✷❮✏➜✌➃✟➑✞➅✇➬✡➐✌➅✏➄❷Ò✌Þ✄øù➬✌❒õ✃✞➷❚➅✷➑✒➅✇➱✟➜✆✃✞➜é➜✆➄✞➅✇➮❩➅✏➛á➑✒➅✷➑✞➑✞➁✩➬✄➝✟➑ Õ×Ö✚Ø ➉▲➔✳➎âúûÒ ❿ Ù❋↕❡➜ Ô✰➶☞➬✌✃■➬✌❒③➈✳➉▲➊❩➋➚➌❚➍✚➎✭➏➲➐✌➅✏➄❋➑✞➃✟➑❸➈✳➉▲➊❩➋✒➈▲➏✌↔✤❒➾➬✌➄✽➬✄➝✟➶☞❰✤✃✞➷❚➅î➮❩➅✏➛è➑✒➅✷➑②➑✞➁☞➬✄➝✟➑■➶☞➬✚➬✌ü✭➑■➐✌➅✏➄✞❰✧➑✞➁✩Ü✇➁❐➶✩➜✆➄õ✃✒➬✇✃✞➷✟➜✆✃✽❒➾➬✌➄❸➜✌➶✩➶❭➬✌❒❬✃✞➷❚➅ ➱✵➜✆✃✞➜ Õ ➀❬➁☞➂✄➃❚➄✞➅➲ç✌Ù❋Ú✽➀❡➁✩➂✄➃❚➄✞➅ ❾✏❿ Ô✵➶☞➬✌✃✞➑✽✃✞➷✟➅✷➑✒➅❶✃❵➮✗➬✤➐❙➜✆➄❋➁✩➜✆➛✵➶☞➅✷➑■❒➾➬✌➄❸➝✟➬✄➝✭ör➮✗➅✏➛èÔ❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑✏➇✗➱✟➅✷➑✒✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝éÔ❭➬✌➄✞✃❲➹✌Þ Õ ➑②Ü❶✃✒Ô Ü✔➜✌➁✩➶×Ù❫➁✩➝áÔ✵➜✌➝❚➅✷➶ Õ ➜▲Ù❋ð✘Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃✥➙✌➙▲Ð Õ ã❚➎✳➎▲ä❭å✄Ù❫➁✩➝áÔ✵➜✌➝❚➅✷➶ Õ ➛✁Ù❋ðëÔ❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑ ❾✌❾ Ð✚↕✘Þ✌Þ❙➙❚↕✘Ò✌Ò✌Ò✌Ò✚↕ ❾✏❿✌❿✌❿✌❿ ➁✩➝❯Ô✵➜✌➝✟➅✷➶ Õ ❮✡Ù❋↕✘➜✌➝✟➱ ✃✞➷✟➅❦➄✞➅✷Ü✔➜✌➁✩➝✟➁✩➝❚➂✤Ð ❾✏❿ ➱❚➅✷➑✒✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁✩➬✄➝✢Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑❫➁✩➝✢Ô✰➜✌➝❚➅✷➶ Õ ➱✁Ù❋Ú✥ýî➝❚➅✕➝✟➬✡➮þ➑✒➅✏➅✷➑③❒×➄②➬✄Ü í ➜✌➝❚➅✷➶ ❾✏❿ Õ ❮✡Ù❸✃✞➷✟➜✆✃③✃✞➷❚➅➲➶✩➁✩➝❚➅❦➬✌❒ Ô❭➬✄➁✩➝✳✃✞➑✽➁✩➝❱✃✞➷✟➅❶➃❚Ô✟Ô❭➅✏➄■➄②➁☞➂✄➷✳✃❲❮✦➬✌➄②➝✟➅✏➄✽➬✌❒Û➀❡➁✩➂✄➃❚➄✞➅ ❾✏❿ ❮✦➬✌➄✞➄✞➅✷➑✒Ô❭➬✄➝✟➱❱✃✒➬✤➑✒➅✷➑✞➑✞➁☞➬✄➝✵➑■❒×➄②➬✄Ü Ö✚Ø ➉▲➔✳➎❱Þ✌Þ❙➙❚↕✁➜✌➝✟➱✢✃✞➷✟➜✆✃❲✃✞➷❚➅ ➑✞➅✷➑✞➑✞➁☞➬✄➝✟➑❲❒×➄②➬✄Ü Ö✭Ø ➉▲➔✚➎✧Ò✌Ò✌Ò✌Ò✤➬✭❮✏❮✏➃❚➄❫➁✩➝é➜✤➑✞Ü✇➜✌➶❐➶ó❮✏➶✩➃✟➑✞✃✒➅✏➄③➝❚➅✷➜✆➄✥➈✳➉▲➊❩➋➢➈✳➏✌↔èú❀➹✇➜✌➝✵➱❉➈✳➉▲➊❩➋r➌✭➍✚➎✭➏✧ú❀Þ✚Ú❸ÿ③➝❚➬✌✃✞➷❚➅✏➄ ➁❐➝▲✃✒➅✏➄✞➅✷➑✞✃✞➁✩➝❚➂✤➂✌➄✞➬✄➃❚Ô❉➬✌❒✘Ô❭➬✄➁✩➝✳✃✞➑❫➶✩➁☞➅✷➑③➁✩➝ñ✃✞➷❚➅❷➃❚Ô✟Ô❭➅✏➄❸➄❋➁☞➂✄➷▲✃❫❮✦➬✌➄②➝❚➅✏➄î➬✌❒❩➀❬➁☞➂✄➃❚➄✞➅ ❾✏❿ Õ ➱✰Ù❋↕ò➮❲➷✟➅✏➄✞➅❷➈✳➉✳➊✗➋r➌✭➍✚➎❚✁ ➏ ➙ ✂ ✄ ➬ ☎✞✝ ➧✆➠➽➟ ➝✚➃✟Ü❦➛❭➅✏➄②➑ ❾✌❾ ➆✔➜✌➝✵➱ ❾ ç✆Þ✌Þ✚↕❭➛✵➃❚✃✽➜✆➄✞➅❦➬✌✃✞➷❚➅✏➄✞➮❲➁✩➑✞➅ ❿ Ú Þ✤➈▲➉✳➊❩➋➢➈✳➏✆↔✾ð❚➙ ❿ ➬✌❒❬✃✞➷❚➅✷➑✞➅✕Þ✌➹❷Ô❭➬✄➁✩➝✳✃✞➑✽❮✦➬✌➄✞➄②➅✷➑✒Ô❭➬✄➝✟➱✧✃✒✆ ➃✵➝❚➄✞➅✷➶✩➜✆✃✒➅✷➱✾Ú ➪ ➷✟➁✩➑❩➅✦ß✭➜✌Ü✇Ô✵➶☞➅✥➁✩➶✩➶❐➃✟➑✒✃✒➄②➜✆✃✒➅✷➑õ✃✞➷✟➜✆✃❸➜✆Ô✟Ô✵➜✆➄✞➅✷➝✳✠ ✃ ✟➢Ô✵➜✆✃✒✃✒➅✏➄②➝✟☛➑ ✡✔❮✏➜✌➝✧➛❭➅✥➑✒Ô✵➃✟➄②➁☞➬✄➃✟➑✏Ú ☞ ➧✆➨✟➤❂➟r➧✆➠➽➤×➨✳➯③➺➽➠✞✍➼ ✌✏➳✵➼✏➨✰➦✏➭❱➧➢➺î➸✦➧✌➳✚➠✒➦❋✏➼ ✎ ✝ ➡▲➻✄➻✆➠✞➼➽➸②➸✷➼➽➸ ➅ ✑ í ➜✌➱✟➱❚➄✞➅✷➑✞➑ ✓Õ ✒✕❙✔ Ø Ù❋↕ ➪ ➷❚➅✷➑✒➅❶➑②➜✌Ü❷➅❶Ô✵➶✩➬✌✃✞➑✽❮✏➜✌➝é➛❭➅✥❮✦➬✄➝✟➑✞✃✒➄②➃✟❮✦✃✒➅✷➱è➮❲➷❚➅✷➝✧✃✞➷❚➅✕➱✟➜✆✃✞➜✔➜✆➄②➅❶➑✞➃❚➛✵➑✞➅✏✃✒✃✒➅✷➱✢➛✚❰❱➑✞➬✄➃❚➄②❮✦✏ × Õ ✭ Ö Ø ➜✌➑③➬✌Ô✟Ô❭➬✄➑✒➅✷➱é✃✒➬✧➱❚➅✷➑✒✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁✩➬✄➝✢Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃❸➝✚➃✟Ü❦➛❭➅✏➄ ➉▲➔✳➎✟Ù❋Ú ➪ ➷❚➅❦➝✚➃✟Ü❦➛✁➅✏➄❸➬✌❒✘➑✒➬✄➃❚➄❋❮✦✏ ➅ ✑ í ➜✌➱✵➱❚➄✞➅✷➑✞➑✒➅✷➑❸✃✞➷✟➜✆✃❫Ü✇➜✷❰è➛❭➅ ➜✌❮✦✃✞➁✩➐✌➅õ➱✵➃❚➄②➁✩➝❚➂✽➜❸➂✄➁☞➐✌➅✷➝➲➷❚➬✄➃❚➄★➬✌❒✵➜✌❮✦✃✞➁☞➐✭➁☞✃◗❰❦➁✩➑★➶❐➁☞ü✌➅✷➶☞❰❫✃✒➬❸➛❭➅✗➐✌➅✏➄✞❰❶Ü✕➃✟❮②➷➲➷✟➁☞➂✄➷✟➅✏➄ó✃✞➷✟➜✌➝❦✃✞➷❚➅õ➝✳➃✟Ü❦➛❭➅✏➄ó➬✌❒✵➱✟➅✷➑✒✃✞➁✩➝✟➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝ Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑✷ð✳➁✩➝❷✃✞➷✵➁✩➑ë➱✟➜✆✃✞➜✥➑✞➅✏✃✏↕✳➬✄➝✟➶✩❰➲Ð✌Ò ❿ ➃✟➝✟✗➁ ✖✚➃❚➅■➱❚➅✷➑✒✃✞➁❐➝✟➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝❷Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑Û➮❩➅✏➄✞➅③➜✌❮✏❮✦➅✷➑✞➑✒➅✷➱✾↕✚➮❲➷✟➁✩➶✩➅■Ð✌Þ❙➙▲Ò❦➑✒➬✄➃❚➄❋❮✦➅✽Ô❭➬✌➄✞✃✞➑✘➜✆➄✞➅ ➁❐➝✇✃✞➷❚➅③ï✵➶☞➅✌Ú❬ÿÏÔ✵➶☞➬✌✃✗➬✌❒õ➈✳➉▲➊❩➋✙✘✄➌❚➍✳➎❚➏❶➐✌➅✏➄②➑✞➃✟➑■➈▲➉✳➊❩➋➢➈✳➏✆↔✇➑✞➷❚➬❄➮❲➑❩❮✏➶✩➃✟Ü❷Ô✵➑✘➬✌❒ò➬✌➛✵➑✒➅✏➄②➐❙➜✆✃✞➁☞➬✄➝✵➑ë❒➾➬✌➄õ❮✦➅✏➄②✃✞➜✌➁✩➝✜➑✞➬✄➃❚➄②❮✦✚ ➅ ✑í ➜✌➱✵➱❚➄✞➅✷➑✞➑✒➅✷➑✷↕❚➬✌❒×✃✒➅✷➝é➛✁➅✷❮✏➜✌➃✵➑✒➅î✃✞➷❚➅✏❰✧❮✦➬✌➄✞➄✞➅✷➑✒Ô❭➬✄➝✟➱❱✃✒➬✜➷❚➅✷➜✷➐✚❰❱➮✗➅✏➛✢✃✒➄❋✜➜ ✛✔❮✆Ú ☞ ✣➳ ✢ ➟❂✥➤ ✤❙➡✆➠➽➤➚➡✌➟◗➼➲✧➦ ✦✚➡✌➠➽➟➾➸ Dest Port 443 ( 11627 ) 5 log.byte 6 7 ★✩★ 1 2 3 3 R 4 5 4 log.byte 6 7 Dest Port 25 ( 6186 ) 3 0 1 2 PE log.len Dest Ports 113, 554, 8888, 10000 ( 519 ) 7 6 0 5 0 05 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 5 log.byte 5555 55 5 55 5 5 5555 55 555 5 0 0 5 3 log.len 1 = 113 5 = 554 8 = 8888 0 = 1000 T 0000 5 5 00 00 00 5 5 888 8888888 88 88 8 888885 888 8885 55 0 PA 00 55 555 + + + +++++ + ++++ +++++ + +++ +++ +++++++++ + ++++ + + + + + + + + ++ + ++ + ++ + +++ +++ + + + ++ + + + + ++ + ++ +++ + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ ++ ++ + + + ++ ++ + + ++ ++ + + ++ + + + + + + +++ + + +++ + + ++ + ++ ++++++++++++ + ++ + +++ ++ +++ + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + ++ + +++ + + + + + +++++ + + + ++ ++++++ + + + + ++++ + + ++ + + + ++ + ++ + +++ ++ + + + + + ++ ++ + + +++ +++ ++++++ ++++++++++++ + + + + + + + + +++ + + + ++++ ++ +++++ ++ + ++++ +++ +++ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + +++ ++ ++ ++++ ++++ ++ + + ++ + + ++ ++ + + + ++ + +++ + + ++++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++++ +++ + ++++++++ + + + +++ +++++++++ + + + + + ++ + ++++ + +++ + +++ ++ ++++ + +++++ ++ +++++++ + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + ++++ + + + + +++ + +++ + 3 7 6 5 4 log.byte 0 0 0 3 0 0 00 0 00 55 55555 55 5555 55 5 5 55555 55 5 55 55555 55555555555 5 5 5 55 5 555 55 5 00 4 Other Dest Ports ( 1139 ) 0 0 0 3 log.len 4 0 1 ++ + + 2 3 4 log.len AF ✪✬✫✮✭✰✯✕✱☛✲ ★✴✳✣✵✷✶✹✸✻✺✽✼✿✾✕❀❂❁✣❃❅❄✣❆❇✶✹✸✻✺✽✼❈✶✻❃✩❉❋❊✥● ✱ ●✩❍✍■ ✲✴✱❇❏❑✲ ❆❈❍ ✫✗▲❑▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲✆◆ ● ✱ ❍✍❆P❖ DR C0 4 ✪◗✫❘▲❑▼✩❙✗❙✮❚✩❯ ❍✍■ ✲ ❍✍■ ✱✍✲✴✲ ❆ ✲ ❆☛❆ ✫ ● ▲❲❱ ❆ ✫✗❳✴✲P❨ ❄ ▼✜✱❩✫✗▼✜❬❭❙✮✲ ❆ ❯ ✶✹✸✹✺❪✼❈✶✻❃✩❉✷❫✄✶✹✸✹✺❪✼✓❴❂❵✣❁❪❫✄✶✹✸✹✺❪✼✓✾✣❀❂❁✕❃ ❯✜❬❛✲P✫✗▲✕✭ ❆❈●✰❜ ✲✴❝ ■ ▼ ❍❡❞✧● ✱❈❢ ✱☛✲P❙✗▼ ❍ ✲P❏❣❯❡▼✜✱✍✲❤▼ ❜ ✲P▲❭▼✜❬❭❙✮✲ ❍❈● ▼✐❱ ❞✧● ▲ ❍ ✱ ● ❙ ❞❩■ ▼✜✱ ❍✴❥ ❝ ■ ✲✴✱☛✲ ❍✍■ ✲ ❆❈❍ ▼ ❍ ✫ ❆❈❍ ✫ ❞ ❬❛✲P✫✗▲✕✭✄◆❦❙ ●✩❍❈❍ ✲P❏❧✫ ❆ ▼♠❝✽✲P✫✮✭ ■✹❍ ✲P❏♥❙✗✫✗▲❑✲P▼✜✱ ❞✧●✰❜ ❬❭✫✗▲❭▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲ ●✩❊♦❍✍■ ✲♣◆❭✱✍✲ ❄ ✫ ● ✯ ❆ ❙✮❚✠◆❦❙ ●✩❍❈❍ ✲P❏ ❄ ▼✜✱❩✫✗▼✜❬❭❙✮✲rq✓s❦t✉▼✩▲❑❏ ❍✍■ ✲ ❞ ✯✕✱✍✱✍✲P▲ ❍✉❄ ▼✩❙✗✯✕✲ ●✩❊♦✈❇●✩❍ ✲P❙✗❙✗✫✗▲❑✭ ❥✇❆✽①❇②✞❆❈❍ ▼ ❍ ✫ ❆❈❍ ✫ ❞ q ★④③ s⑤t ❖⑦⑥ ▼✜✱☛❏❑✲ ❜ ▼✩▲❧▼✩▲❑❏♥⑧ ● ❬❛✲❲q ★P⑨✩⑨✩⑨ t⑩◆❑✱ ●❶❄ ✫✗❏✕✲ ❍ ▼✜❬❭❙✮✲ ❆❅❊✥● ✱ ❍✍■ ✲ ● ◆ ❍ ✫ ❜ ▼✩❙ ❞❩■✕● ✫ ❞ ✲ ❆r●✩❊ s ❖❧❷ ▼✩❙ ❞ ✯❑❙✗▼ ❍ ✫❘▲✕✭❸▼ ✈❇●✩❍ ✲P❙✗❙✗✫❘▲✕✭ ❥✇❆❹①♣②❺❆❈❍ ▼ ❍ ✫ ❆❈❍ ✫ ❞✏● ▲ ❍✍■ ✱✍✲✴✲ ❆ ✯ ❞✴❞ ✲ ❆✍❆ ✫ ❄ ✲ ● ❬ ❆ ✲✴✱ ❄ ▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲ ❆ ❯❛❏✕✲P▲ ●✩❍ ✲P❏❸❻r❼❽❯❛▼ ❜ ✯❭❙ ❍ ✫ ❄ ▼✜✱☛✫✗▼ ❍ ✲✏✲✧❾✣◆ ● ▲✕✲P▲ ❍ ✫✗▼✩❙✗❙✮❚ ❝✽✲P✫✮✭ ■✹❍ ✲P❏ ❜r●❶❄ ✫✗▲✕✭❅▼ ❄ ✲✴✱❩▼✜✭✩✲❿q✿➀♠➁➃➂➄➀✄➅➆t ❞☛■ ▼✜✱ ❍ ✯ ❆ ✫✗▲✕✭rs✁➇ ✳✣❖➉➈ ✫ ❆✷❆✍■✕● ❝✚▲✆✫✗▲❋✪✬✫✮✭✰✯❑✱✍✲ ★✩★ q➊❙❘▼ ❆❈❍➆★✴✳ ❯➉➋ ✳ ➋ ● ❬ ❆ ✲✴✱❈❢ ❄ ▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲ ❆❇● ▲❑❙✮❚❑t ❖ ➀ ●✰❆❈❍❇❄ ▼✩❙✗✯✕✲ ❆ q ⑨✩⑨❂❖➍➌✩➎ t❇▼✜✱✍✲⑩❬⑤✲P❙ ● ❝➐➏ ✳✣➑ ▼ ❆ ✯ ❞✴❞ ✲ ❆✍❆ ✫ ❄ ✲④✱☛✯❭▲ ●✩❊➒● ❬ ❆ ✲✴✱ ❄ ▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲ ❆ ▼✜❬ ●❶❄ ✲r➏ ✳❋❜ ✫✮✭ ■✻❍ ❆ ✯✕✭✩✭✩✲ ❆❈❍ ▼✜❬❦▲ ● ✱ ❜ ▼✩❙ ❆ ✲ ❆✍❆ ✫ ● ▲ ❆ ✫✮❳✴✲ ❆✴❖✷➓➔●❿❜ ✫✗▲❑✫ ❜ ✫✮❳✴✲ ❍✍■ ✲❺✲✧→❛✲ ❞✧❍❇●✩❊✬● ✯ ❍ ❙✗✫✗✲✴✱ ❆✉● ▲ ✈❇●✩❍ ✲P❙✗❙✗✫❘▲✕✭ ❥✇❆✉①❇②➆❆✍❍ ▼ ❍ ✫ ❆❈❍ ✫ ❞ ❯⑤❙ ●❂❞ ▼➣❢ ❍ ✫ ● ▲❲▼✩▲❑❏ ❆✍❞ ▼✩❙✗✲↔▼✜✱✍✲✠✲ ❆❈❍ ✫ ❜ ▼ ❍ ✲P❏❲✯ ❆ ✫❘▲✕✭ ❜ ✲P❏❑✫✗▼✩▲ ❆ ▼✩▲❭❏ ❍ ✱☛✫ ❜✠❜ ✲P❏ ❆❈❍ ▼✩▲❑❏❑▼✜✱☛❏⑦❏✕✲ ❄ ✫❘▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲ ❆ ✫✗▲ ❆✍❍ ✲P▼✩❏ ●✩❊✉❞ ❙✗▼ ❆✍❆ ✫ ❞ ▼✩❙ ❆ ▼ ❜ ◆❭❙✮✲ ❜ ✲P▼✩▲ ❆ ▼✩▲❑❏ ❆❈❍ ▼✩▲❑❏❭▼✜✱☛❏❋❏❑✲ ❄ ✫✗▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲ ❆ q✓↕✣➙ ❆ t ❖➃➓❹■ ✲❺↕✣➙ ❆ ❝❪✲✴✱☛✲♣✲ ❆✍❍ ✫ ❜ ▼ ❍ ✲P❏✆▼ ❆➆★✜❖➉➛✩➈ ❯ ✳✣❖➉➜➣➝ ❯ ✳✣❖➍➌➞➝ ❯❭▼✩▲❑❏ ❍✍■ ✲ ◆❦▼✩✫✮✱✍❝✚✫ ❆ ✲ ❞✧● ✱✍✱✍✲P❙✗▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲ ❆ ❬❛✲ ❍ ❝✽✲✴✲P▲ ❍✍■ ✲ ❆ ✲ ❍✍■ ✱✍✲✴✲ ❄ ▼✜✱☛✫❘▼✜❬❭❙✮✲ ❆ ▼✜✱☛✲ ✳✣❖➉➈✩➜ q ✶✻✸✹✺✽✼❽✶✹❃✜❉✷❫♠✶✻✸✹✺✽✼✿❴✣❵❂❁ t❩❯ ✳✣❖➉➈ ➏➟q ✶✹✸✻✺✽✼❽✶✹❃✩❉✽❫ ✶✹✸✹✺❪✼✓❴❂❵✣❁ t❩❯ ✳✣❖➉⑨✜✳ q ✶✻✸✹✺✽✼✿❴✣❵❂❁❪❫♠✶✻✸✹✺✽✼✿✾✕❀✹❁✕❃ t❩❯ ➠ ➡⑩➢➔➤➔➥✙➦➒➧✰➨✓➤➔➩❡➫❛➭✩➯➳➲❡➨✙➵➞➸✽➥✓➫✕➯➃➵ ➂➺✲✴✭ ❜ ▼✩▲➻▼✩▲❑❏❲➀♠▼✜✱ ❞❩■ ✲ ❍❈❍ ✲➟q✿➋ ✳✩✳✰➜ t✏▼✩❏ ❄✩●✣❞ ▼ ❍ ✲❋▼✁▲❑✲✴❝➼▼✜◆❑◆❑✱ ● ▼ ❞❩■➺❍❈●✄❄ ✫ ❆ ✯❭▼✩❙✗✫✮❳P✫✗▲✕✭ ❜ ▼ ❆✍❆ ✫ ❄ ✲✠❏❑▼ ❍ ▼ ❆ ✲ ❍✍❆ ❯ ❞ ▼✩❙✗❙✮✲P❏ ❱❽✲ ❄✩● ❙❘✯ ❍ ✫ ● ▲❑▼✜✱✍❚➻❏❑✫ ❆ ◆❭❙❘▼P❚ ❆✴❖ ❨➽➀✄▼ ❆✍❆ ✫ ❄ ✲❤❏❑▼ ❍ ▼ ❆ ✲ ❍✍❆ ▼✜✱✍✲ ❍❈●✹● ❙✗▼✜✱☛✭✩✲ ❍❈● ❏❑✫ ❆ ◆❭❙✗▼P❚❲✯ ❆ ✫✗▲✕✭♠✭✩✱☛▼✜◆ ■❑❆ ▼✩▲❑❏➾◆❭❙ ●✩❍✍❆④❍✍■ ▼ ❍ ▼✜✱☛✲❲❏✕✲ ❆ ✫✮✭✰▲✕✲P❏ ❊✥● ✱ ❜r● ❏✕✲✴✱☛▼ ❍ ✲➺❏❑▼ ❍ ▼ ❆ ✲ ❍✍❆❤●✩❊❇➚♦➪✹➶☛➹➄❆ ✫✮❳✴✲ ❖➘➓ ✱❩▼✩❏❑✫ ❍ ✫ ● ▲❑▼✩❙❘❙✮❚✩❯ ❆ ✯ ❞❩■ ◆❭❙ ●✩❍✍❆❤❜ ✫✮✭ ■✹❍ ❬❛✲❸✯✕◆❣❏❑▼ ❍ ✲P❏ ●✣❞✴❞ ▼ ❆ ✫ ● ▲❭▼✩❙✗❙✮❚⑦▼ ❆ ▲✕✲✴❝➴❏❭▼ ❍ ▼ ❍ ✱❩✫ ❞✍➷ ❙✮✲❤✫✗▲➾▼ ❍ ▼❸❙ ● ❝➬✱☛▼ ❍ ✲✩❯✽▼ ❆ ❯ ❊✥● ✱❅✲✧❾✣▼ ❜ ◆❦❙✮✲✩❯❡✫✗▲ ❜ ✲P❏❑✫ ❞ ▼✩❙ ❆✍❍ ✯❑❏❑✫✮✲ ❆④● ✱ ❞ ❙✗✫✗▲ ❞ ✫❘▼✩❙ ❍ ✱❩✫✗▼✩❙ ❆✴❖➺➮ ▲ ❍ ✲✴✱❩▲✕✲ ❍r❍ ✱☛▼✜➱ ❞ ❏❑▼ ❍ ▼✣❯ ❄✩● ✫ ❞ ✲ ❞✧●✰❜✠❜ ✯❑▲❑✫ ❞ ▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲✃❏❑▼ ❍ ▼✣❯❪◆❭▼✜✱ ❍ ✫ ❞ ❙✗✲❿◆ ■ ❚ ❆ ✫ ❞✴❆ ❏❑▼ ❍ ▼✣❯❪▼✩▲❭❏ ❆ ▼ ❍ ✲P❙✗❙✗✫ ❍ ✲✆❏❑▼ ❍ ▼ ▼✜✱☛✲✠▼✩❙✗❙ ❆ ✫ ❍ ✯❑▼ ❍ ✫ ● ▲ ❆ ❝ ■ ✲✴✱✍✲❅❏❑▼ ❍ ▼❤▼✜✱✍✲r✭✩✲P▲✕✲✴✱☛▼ ❍ ✲P❏⑦▼ ❍ ▼ ❄ ✲✴✱☛❚ ■ ✫✗✭ ■ ✱❩▼ ❍ ✲ ❖ ➅ ❆❺❜r● ✱✍✲r❏❑▼ ❍ ▼❤▼✜✱✍✲❅✭✩✲P▲✕✲✴✱❩▼ ❍ ✲P❏❣❯ ❍✍■ ✲ ❆ ✫✮❳✴✲ ❆♣●✩❊❡❆❈❍❈● ✱☛▼✜✭✩✲r❏✕✲ ❄ ✫ ❞ ✲ ❆ ✫✗▲ ❞ ✱✍✲P▼ ❆ ✲✩❯⑤❝ ■ ✫ ❞☛■ ◆❛✲✴✱ ❜ ✫ ❍♣❜r● ✱✍✲❅❏❑▼ ❍ ▼ ❍❈● ❬❛✲ ❆❈❍❈● ✱✍✲P❏❣❯❣▼✩▲❑❏❸❙✗▼✜✱✍✭✩✲✴✱ ❆❈❍❈● ✱☛▼✜✭✩✲r❏✕✲ ❄ ✫ ❞ ✲ ❆ ❍❈● ❬⑤✲❺❏❑✲ ❆ ✫✮✭✰▲✕✲P❏ ❖✷❐ ✱☛▼✜◆ ■ ✫ ❞ ▼✩❙❣❏❑✫ ❆ ◆❭❙❘▼P❚ ❆✉❜ ✯ ❆✍❍ ▼ ❞✴❞✧●✰❜r● ❏❭▼ ❍ ✲ ❍✍■ ✲ ❞✧● ▲ ❍ ✫✗▲❂✯❑▼✩❙❒▲❭▼ ❍ ✯✕✱✍✲ ●✩❊✬❆ ✯ ❞❩■✄❆❈❍ ✱✍✲P▼ ❜ ✫✗▲✕✭✠❏❑▼ ❍ ▼ ➑ ❍ ✱❩▼✩❏❑✫ ❍ ✫ ● ▲❑▼✩❙ ❆❈❍ ▼ ❍ ✫ ❞ ✭✩✱☛▼✜◆ ■❑❆ ▼✜✱☛✲✆✫❘▲❑▼✩❏✕✲P❮❂✯❑▼ ❍ ✲✩❯❡▼✩▲❑❏➻✲ ❄ ✲P▲❧❏✕❚✣▲❑▼ ❜ ✫ ❞ ✭✩✱☛▼✜◆ ■❑❆ q ➜ ❢❰➙Ï◆❭❙ ●✩❍✍❆ ❯➒✭✩✱❩▼✩▲❑❏ ❍❈● ✯✕✱P❯➒✲ ❍✍❞✜❖ t ▼ ❆☛❆ ✯ ❜ ✲❺▼rÐ❑❾❂✲P❏ ❆ ▼ ❜ ◆❭❙✮✲ ❆ ✫✮❳✴✲ ❖ ➓❹■ ✲ ❞✧● ▲ ❞ ✲✴◆ ❍ ❬❛✲ ■ ✫❘▲❑❏✏✲ ❄✩● ❙❘✯ ❍ ✫ ● ▲❑▼✜✱✍❚⑩❏❑✫ ❆ ◆❦❙✗▼P❚ ❆ ✫ ❆◗❍❈● ✲✧❾ ■ ✫✮❬❭✫ ❍ ❏❑▼ ❍ ▼✞❝✚✫ ❍✍■ ✫✗▲ ❍✍■ ✲ ❜r●✰❆❈❍➃❞ ✯✕✱✍✱☛✲P▲ ❍✬❍ ✫ ❜ ✲ ❊ ✱☛▼ ❜ ✲✩❯ EWMA on T−Squared (lambda = 0.5) PA 20 0 2000 4000 T PE 50 30 40 MEWMA statistic 60 R 70 ÑPÒ 6000 8000 10000 Ó✬Ô✮Õ✰Ö❑×✍Ø Ñ✩Ñ✜Ù❪Ú Ö❑Û✮Ü✍Ô✮Ý✜Þ✜×☛Ô✗Þ✜Ü❈Ø❺ß❡à Ú♠á➐â Û✮ã✩Ü✉ã✩ä✬å✚ã✩Ü❈ØPÛ✗Û❘Ô✗æ✕Õ✕ç✇è✷é❇ê➣ë❭Û❘Þ✩è❈Ü Ñ✴ì ë ì✩ì✩ì Ý✜Þ✩Û✗Ö✕ØPè AF Time of session DR C0 4 í ✍× ã â❑â Ô✗æ❑Õ❺ã✜î❸ã✰Û í❋í Þ✜Ü✍ÞrÞ✩æ í❿ï Þ✜ð❂Ô✗æ❑Õ④×✍ã❂ã ï ä✥ã✩× ï ã✰è❈Ü✷×✍ØPñ✧ØPæ✻Ü í Þ✜Ü✍Þ✣ò❡Ó✕ã✩×✉Ø✧ó✕Þ ï â Û✮Ø✩ë✕Ô✗æ✆Ó✬Ô✮Õ✰Ö✕×✍Ø Ñ✩Ñ ë❑æ✕Ø✴ô í Þ✜Ü✍Þ ñ✧ã ï Ø♠Ô✗æ✃ã✰æ❧Ü✍õ❑Ø✁×☛Ô✮Õ✰õ✹Ü✠Þ✩è✠ã✰Û íöí Þ✜Ü✍Þ➺ã✰æ♥Ü✍õ❑Ø✄Û✮Ø✴ä✥Ü✠Þ✜×✍Ø â Ö❑è☛õ✕Ø í ã✜î➄Ü✍õ✕Ø✄è✍ñ✧×✍Ø✴ØPæ❒òö÷❹õ❑Ô✗è❅Ü❈ØPñ❩õ❑æ❑Ô✗ø❂Ö✕Ø✄ñ✴Þ✩æöù❛Ø Þ â❭â Û✗Ô✮Ø í Ü❈ã í Ô✗è☛ñ✧×✍Ø✴Ü❈Ø í Þ✜Ü✍Þ❿Þ✩è♣ô❪ØPÛ❘Û✿ò❹Ó✬Ô✮Õ✰Ö✕×✍Ø ÑPÒ Ô✗è❇Þ↔ô✷Þ✜Ü❈Ø✴×✍ä➊Þ✩Û✗Û í Ô✗Þ✜Õ✩×☛Þ ï è✍õ✕ã❶ô❇Ô✗æ✕Õ↔Ü✍õ❑Ø④Þ✩ñ✴ñ✧ØPè✍è✞ã✩ä➒Ü✍õ✕Ørú✩û✩û✩ü✩ú è✍ã✰Ö✕×☛ñ✧Ø❅ýÿþ➳Þ í❑í ×✍ØPè✍è✍ØPè Ù Þ â ã✰Ô✗æ✹Ü✞Ô✗è â Û✮ã✩Ü❈Ü❈Ø í Þ✜Ü❺Û✮ã✣ñ✴Þ✜Ü✍Ô✮ã✰✁ æ ✄✂✻✆ë ☎✞✝❩ë❣ô❇õ✕Ø✴×✍✟Ø ☎❇Ô✗æ í Ô✗ñ✴Þ✜Ü❈ØPè✞Ü✍õ✕Ørè❈ØPè✍è☛Ô✮ã✰æ➟è❈Ü✍Þ✜×✍Ü➆Ü✍Ô ï Ø í ✠☞☛✍✌ ✂✏✎❑ã✰Û í✄í Þ✜Ü✍Þ í Ô✗è✍Þ â❑â ØPÞ✜×✉ã✜î➺Ü✍õ✕Ø④ù⑤ã✩Ü❈Ü❈ã ï ã✩ä➒Ü✍õ✕Ø✏è✍ñ✧×☛Ø✴ØPæ♠Þ✩è❇æ✕Ø✴ô í Þ✜Ü✍Þ❋ñ✧ã ï Ø④Ô❘æ✁Þ✜Ü✚Ü✍õ✕Ø ô❇õ❑Ô✗ñ☛õ✄Þ✩ñ✴ñ✧ØPè✍è❈Ø ✡ Ü❈ã â ã✩ä❡Ü✍õ✕Ørè✍ñ✧×✍Ø✴ØPæ❣ò❺÷❹õ❑×✍Ø✴Ø⑩Ö❭æ✹Ö❑è☛Ö❑Þ✩Û✗✒Û ✑✆ä✥×✍ØPø✹Ö❑ØPæ✻Ü ✠✓☛✔✌ Þ í❑í ×✍ØPè✍è❈ØPè✞Þ✜×✍Ørõ❑Ô✮Õ✰õ❭Û✗Ô✮Õ✰õ✹Ü❈Ø í Ô✗æ♠Ü✍õ❑Ô✗è â Û✮ã✩Ü Ù ✠☞☛✍✌✖✕✘✗ ü✏✙✹ë í ✠☞☛✍✌ ú✩û Ò ✕ ú❂ë➃ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✍×☛Ô❘æ✕Õ ÑPÒ ë Ñ û ì Ü✍Ô ï ØPè ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✍×❩Ô✗æ✕Õ ✕ ✚ë ✙✜û ✕ Ü✍Ô ï ØP✛è ✎ ✠☞☛✍✌ Ñ ü✩û Ò û❂ë❡ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✍×☛Ô✗æ❑Õ ✕ ë ✕✜✕✘✗ Ü✍Ô ï ØP✢è ✎➃Þ✩æ ✣ ➊Þ✩æ í Þ â❭â ØPÞ✜×❩è◗Þ✩è✬Ý✣Ô✮×✍Ü✍Ö❭Þ✩Û✗✒Û ✑➆Þ✞ñ✧ã✰æ✻Ü✍Ô✗æ❂Ö✕ã✰Ö❑è➒Û❘Ô✗æ✕Ø❪Ô❘æ④Ó✬Ô✮Õ✰Ö✕×☛Ø ÑPÒ ✝❩ò➃÷❹õ❭Ô✗è➔ô✷Þ✜Ü❈Ø✴×✍ä➊Þ✩Û✗Û í Ô✗è â Û✗✛Þ ✑❺Ô✗è â Þ✜×☛Ü✍Ô✗ñ✴Ö❑Û✗Þ✜✤× ✑❺Ö❭è❈Ø✴ä✥Ö❭Û ä✥ã✩× ï ã✰æ❭Ô✮Ü❈ã✩×☛Ô✗æ✕Õ❅ä✥×✍ØPø❂Ö✕ØPæ❑✥ñ ✑❿ã✩ä◗è❈ã✰Ö❑×☛ñ✧Ø â ã✩×✍Ü✍è Ù è❈Ø✴Ø✏à➺Ø✴Õ ï Þ✩æ♠Þ✩æ í Ú Þ✜×☛ñ❩õ✕Ø✴Ü❈Ü❈✦Ø Ò✜ì✩ì ü❂ë â ★ò ✧ ì ú❂ë❦Ó◗Ô✗Õ✰Ö✕×✍Ø ✕ ✝❩ò ✩☞✪✔✫✭✬✯✮✱✰✳✲✵✴✳✬✷✶✜✸✺✹ Ú ã✰è❈Ü í ØPè❈Ü✍Ô✗æ❭Þ✜Ü✍Ô✮ã✰æ â ã✩×✍Ü❺æ❂Ö ï ù❛Ø✴×☛è❺ã❂ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✏ã✰æ❑✒Û ✑❸ã✰æ❑ñ✧Ø↔ã✩×④Ü❰ô✚Ô✗ñ✧Ø í Ö✕×☛Ô✗æ❑Õ❿Ü✍õ❑Ø↔õ✕ã✰Ö✕✛× ✎◗ã✩ä✷Ü✍õ✕Ø❋ü ✗ ì í Ô✗è❈Ü✍Ô❘æ❑ñ✧Ü ✻✞þ◗ã✩×✍Ü✍è✴ë Ò ✧✩ü✆ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✍×✍Ø í ã✰æ❑✒Û ✑✄ã✰æ❭ñ✧Ø✩ë ✕ ✙❿ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✍×✍Ø í Ü❰ô✚Ô✗ñ✧Ø✩ë ✗ ã❂ñ✴ñ✴Ö❑×✍×✍Ø í ü❿Ü✍Ô ï ØPè✴ë♦û✆ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✍×✍Ø ✼í ✕ Ü✍Ô ï ØPè✴òr÷❹õ✕Ø ×☛Ø ï Þ✩Ô✗æ❑Ô✗æ❑Õ Ò ✙ â ã✩×✍Ü✍è❪ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✍×✍Ø í❿ï ã✩×✍Ø❇Ü✍õ❑Þ✩æ❤û❺Ü✍Ô ï ØP✢è ✎✹Ü✍õ❑Ø❇Ø✧ó✕ñ✧Ø â Ü✍Ô✮ã✰æ❑Þ✩Û⑤ñ✧ã✰Ö❑æ✹Ü✍è✷Þ✜×✍✾Ø ✽ ✌☞✿✏❀❂❁❃✗ ì ✥ô✽Ø✴ù❒ë Ñ✩Ñ ú❂ë Ñ ü ✕ Ü✍Ô ï ØP❄è ✝❩ë Ò ❃û ï Þ✩Ô✗✷Û ❰❅ è ï Ü â ë✹ú❂ë Ñ ✗ ú❺Ü✍Ô ï ØPè❄✝❩ë ✕✜✕ ❆ü ➊è❈ØPñ✴Ö✕×✍Ø✉ô✽Ø✴ù❒ë Ñ✩Ñ ë➉ú Ò ✙✜✝❩ë✕û✩û ✕ Ò✜ì✩ì Ü✍Ô ï ØP❇è ✝❩ë✻Þ✩æ í Ñ✩Ñ ❃ü ÑPÒ ✗ Ü✍Ô ï ØP❄è ✝❩ò ❈ Ø✴Ü❈Ü✍Ô✗æ✕Õ✏Þ✩è✍Ô í Ø✉Ü✍õ✕❆Ø ❽❉ ô✽ØPÛ✗Û✷❅✓ð✣æ✕ã➞ô✚✓æ ❊ â ã✩×✍Ü✍è ✔ì ❋❦Ñ✴ì✰Ò ü❂ë✣ô✽Ø â Û✗ã✩Ü➃Ü✍õ✕Ø❹ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×✍×✍ØPæ❭ñ✧Ø❹ã✩ä í ØPè❈Ü✍Ô✗æ❑Þ✜Ü✍Ô✗ã✰æ â ã✩×✍Ü✍è➃æ❂Ö ï ù❛Ø✴×✍Ø í í ● Þ✜Õ✄Þ✩è❺Ö❭æ✹Ö❑è☛Ö❑Þ✩Û➒Þ✩æ✘✑✼✽ ✌☞✿✏❀❂❁ Ü✍õ❑Þ✜Ü Ñ✴ì✰Ò ✕ Þ✩æ í Þ✜ù❛ã❶Ý✩Ø✩ë◗ô✚õ❑Ô❘ñ☛õ➺è✍õ✕ã✰Ö❭Û í Þ✜×☛Ô✗è❈Ø ï ã✩×☛Ørã✩×✏Û✮ØPè✍è❺Þ✜Ü✏×☛Þ✩æ í ã ï ë♦Þ✩æ ✼ Ô❘è➆×✍Ø✴ä✥Ø✴×✍ØPæ❑ñ✧Ø í⑦ï ã✩×✍Ø✠Ü✍õ❑Þ✩æ Ñ✴ì Ü✍Ô ï ØPèPò❋Ó✬Ô✮Õ✰Ö✕×✍Ø Ñ ü❤è✍õ✕ã➞ô✚è❺Ü✙ô❪ã➟è✍Ö❑ñ❩õ â Û✮ã✩Ü✍✢è ✎✬ã✰æ✕Ø↔ä ã✩❍× ✽ ✌☞✿✏❀❂❁ ➊ñ✧ã✰Û✗ã✩×⑩ñ❩õ❑Þ✩æ✕Õ✩ØPè Ô❘æ í Ô✗ñ✴Þ✜Ü❈■Ø ✽ ✌☞✿✏❀❂❁ Þ✩ñ✴ñ✧ØPè☛è➒ñ✧ã✰Ö❑æ✻Ü✍è♦Õ✩×✍ØPÞ✜Ü❈Ø✴×✬Ü✍õ❑Þ✩æ Ñ✴ì ë✩Ô✗æ í Ô✗ñ✴Þ✜Ü✍Ô✗Ý✩Ø➃ã✩ä â ã✩Ü❈ØPæ✻Ü✍Ô✗Þ✩Û❘✒Û ✑➆õ❑Ô✮Õ✰õ➆Ü❈×☛Þ✭❏❋ñ❡ã✰æ✏Ü✍õ❑Ô✗è í ØPè❈Ü✍Ô✗æ❑Þ✜Ü✍Ô✮ã✰æ â ã✩×✍❄Ü ✝❩ë♦Þ✩æ í ã✰æ✕Ørä✥ã✩× ✠☞☛✍✌ Ô❘æ♠Ü✍õ❑▲Ø ❑❑×☛è❈Ü Ñ✴ì ë ì✩ì✩ì è❈ØPè✍è✍Ô✮ã✰æ❸×✍ØPñ✧ã✩× í ▼è ➊ñ✧ã✰Û✮ã✩×✏ñ❩õ❑Þ✩æ✕Õ✩ØPè④Ô✗æ í Ô✗ñ✴Þ✜Ü❈Ø ✠✓☛✔✌ ã❂ñ✴ñ✴Ö❑×✍×✍ØPæ❑ñ✧ØPè ã✩ä ï ã✩×✍Ø❤Ü✍õ❭Þ✩æ♥û ì ✝❩òöÓ✕ã✰Ö✕×↔Ö❭æ✹Ö❑è☛Ö❑Þ✩Û✗Û✒✑➺ä✥×✍ØPø❂Ö✕ØPæ✻Ü✠è✍ã✰Ö✕×☛ñ✧Ø❤ý❽þ Þ í❑í ×✍ØPè☛è❈ØPèrÞ✜×✍Ø✁Ô ï✠ï Ø í Ô✗Þ✜Ü❈ØP✒Û ✑➻Ø✴Ý❂Ô í ØPæ✻Ü Ù ✕✘✗ ✏ü ✙✹ë Ñ ü✩ú Ò ú❂ë❣ü✩ü ✕ Ò ✗ ë✇Þ✩æ í ú✩û Ò ✕ ú❂ë❭ô✚õ❭Ô✗ñ☛õ✆ã✣ñ✴ñ✴Ö✕×❇✏ü ✙ Ñ ë ✕ Ò✩Ò ë ✕ ✙✭✧❂ë❦Þ✩æ í ✧ Ò ú❅Ü✍Ô ï ØPè✴ë✕×☛ØPè â ØPñ✧Ü✍Ô✮Ý✩ØPÛ✒✑✩ë❑Ô✗æ✆Ü✍õ✕◆Ø ❑❭×☛è❈Ü Ñ✴ì ë ì✩ì✩ì è✍ØPè✍è✍Ô✮ã✰æ❑èPò✏÷❹õ✕Ørñ✧ã✰æ❑è❈Ü❈×❩Ö❑ñ✧Ü✍Ô✮ã✰æ➟ã✩ä✽Ü✍õ❑Ô✗è â Û✮ã✩Ü✞×✍ØPè❈Ø ï ù❭Û✮ØPè♣Ü✍õ✕ØrÜ❈×❩Þ✩ñ✴Ô✗æ✕Õ✆ã✩ä✽Þ✆è❈ð❂✑✣Û✗Ô✗æ✕Ø✩ë❣è❈ã✆ô✽Ø✠ñ✴Þ✩Û✗Û➒Ô✮Ü➆✣ Þ ❉❈è❈❖ð ✑✣Û✗Ô✗æ❑Ø Ø ❈❉ è✍❖ð ✑✣Û✗Ô✗æ✕Ø✛❊ â Û✮ã✩Ü✍è❇ô✚Ô✗Û✗Û í Ø â ØPæ í Ö â ã✰æ❤Ü✍Ô ï Ø④ã✩ä í ✛Þ ✑✩ë í ✛Þ ✑✄ã✩ä➒ô❪Ø✴Ø✴ð⑤ë⑤Þ✩æ í â ã✩Ü❈ØPæ✻Ü✍Ô❘Þ✩Û✗✒Û ✑ â Û✮ã✩Ü✴Pò ❊✁◗➔Ô ï Ô✮Ü✍è✉ã✰æ♠Ü✍õ✕ØPè❈❘ ï ã✰æ✻Ü✍õ❤ã✩×♣è❈ØPÞ✩è❈ã✰æ❣ò ❙✛❚ Source IP address 13525 65246 ... . .... .... .. .. . .. . .. ..... .. . .... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ..... .. .. . ... .. ... .. ... ... ... ..... ... ... .. ... ... ... . ... ... . ... ..... ... ... ... 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PA 10 0 ❯❲❱✒❳✏❨✓❩✤❬ 20000 ❙✛❭❂❪❴❫❛❵✭❜ ❬✢❩✤❝ ❵✜❞❡❞■❢ ❱ ❵ ❳✜❩ ❵✜❣✐❤❦❥☞❧♥♠ ❱♣♦☞❳rq☞s✍t ❬ ❤ ❱♣♦ ❧ ♦ ❜✤❥ ❬ ❜✞❧ ⑤ ✈ 50000 60000 IP ❵✜✉✢✉ ❬ Source ❤ ❤✢✈✟✇① ✤ ❞❡❢ ❬ ❤✞❜①❢✓❵✭❜✤❵②❵✭❜①❜✤❥ ❬✟③ ❧✜❜✞❜✞❧✏❣④❧ ❝ ❜✤❥ ❬⑥⑤ ❞✒❧✜❜✢⑦ ♦☞❬ ♠ ❬ ❤✞❜ DR 10 20 40000 0 Number of occurrences 30 40 C0 30000 X X X XX X X X X XX X X X X XX X X XX X X X X X X X XX X X X X XX X X X X XX X X X X XX X X X X XX X X X X XX X X X XX X X X X XX X X X X XX X XX X X X XX X XX X X X XX X XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X X XX XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X X XX XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X XX X X X XX X XXX X X X XX X XXX X XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X X XX XXX X X X X XX X XXX X X X XX XXX X X X X XX XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X X XX X XXX X X X XX X XXX X X X XX X X XX X XX XXX X X XX X XX X X XXX X X XX X XX XXXX X X X X X X X XX X XX XXXX X X XX X X X X X XX X XXX XXXX X X X XX X XX XX X XXX X X X XX XXXX XXX XX XX X XXX X XX X X X XX X X X X X X X X X X XX X X X X XXX X X X X XXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXX XXX XX XXX XX XXXX X XX X X X XX XX X XX X X X X X X X X XXXXX X 4 ❢⑧❵✭❜✤❵❃✉✥❧✏❣ 10000 AF 0 T PE 30 20 time 40 Skyline Plots R 05 4837 60 001 051 secnerrucco fo rebmuN 002 052 0 03 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 .............................................. ............... .... ....................... ..... ........ ..................... ................. ................................. ................................ ................ ........................................ ....... .. ................................................ ...................... ...... .... ............. .............. ... ............................ ........ ............ ..... .................................. ...................... .......... ..... .................................................................. ...... .. ....... ........ ............. ......... ........... ..... .. ...... .... ........ .. ..... ..... . ...... .. . .. .. . .. .... ..................... ........... 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➳⑧➦✭➨✤➦✦➥✞➭✢➨✤➥✢➴▼➷❂➸✏➹▲➭❃➥✤➤♣➹▲➶⑧➫✒➭⑥➥✞➨✤➦✭➨✤➤❡➥✤➤✒➨✤➤♣➩✢➥①➬⑧➦✜➥✞➭✛➳✼➸✏➽✡➧✤➸✜➬➺➮✓➥✞➨①➱❖➮✓➦✜➽❖➨✤➤✒➨✤➤✒➭✛➥◆➦✭➧❦➭❃➮✓➥✞➭✢➻❻➮✓➫⑨➻✱➸✜➧➘➩❄➢✓➦✭➧❦➦✜➩✥➨✞➭✢➧❦➤✒➚✛➤♣➽☞➲✦➨✃➾❂➶⑧➤❡➩✢➦✜➫ ➬➒➭✛➢✓➦♥➵❂➤❡➸✜➧➃❐✺➭✜➴❒➲☞➴✒❮✏➽❂➮✓➹❍➬➒➭✢➧✆➸✜➻☞➥✞➸✏➮✓➧❦➩✥➭➍➦✜➽✓➳➪➳☞➭✛➥✞➨✤➤❡➽⑧➦✭➨✤➤✒➸✏➽◆➶➒➸✜➧✤➨✤➥✢❮✭➦✜➽✓➳❍➥✤➸✏➮☞➧❦➩✥➭➝➦✜➽✓➳➪➳☞➭✛➥✞➨✤➤❡➽⑧➦✭➨✤➤✒➸✏➽➘❰ÐÏ❘➦✜➳⑧➳☞➧✤➭✛➥✤➥✞➭✛➥✛❮✍➦✜➽✓➳ ➻✺➧✤➭✛➱❂➮☞➭✛➽✓➩✥➾✼➸✜➻✵➦✜➩✢➩✥➭✛➥✤➥❄Ñ❄➴Ò➡✵➢☞➭✛➥✞➭❆➩❦➢✓➦✭➧❦➦✜➩✥➨✞➭✢➧❄➤✒➚✛➦✭➨✤➤✒➸✏➽✓➥✟➥✤➮☞➲✜➲✜➭✛➥✤➨❍➲✜➧❦➦✭➶⑧➢⑧➤❡➩✢➦✜➫➝➳✓➤♣➥✞➶⑧➫❡➦♥➾❂➥◆Ó➯➢✓➤❡➩❦➢Ô➢✓➤✒➲✏➢✓➫❡➤❡➲✏➢✘➨➘➮✓➽❂➮✓➥✤➮⑧➦✜➫ ➮⑧➥✤➦✭➲✜➭②➸✜➧✟➦✜➩✢➩✥➭✛➥❦➥✢➴✡Õ✡➭✦➳✓➤❡➥✤➩✢➮✓➥❦➥✞➭✛➳❛➨✤➢☞➭Ö➧✤➸✏➫✒➭Ö➸✜➻▼×Ð➭✢➵✜➸✏➫❡➮✓➨✤➤✒➸✏➽✓➦✭➧✤➾❛➲✜➧❄➦✭➶⑧➢✓➤❡➩✢➥✤Ø❘➸✏➽Ù➥✤➮✓➩❦➢✣➳✓➦✭➨✤➦❸❮➍➥✞➶➒➭✛➩✢➤✒Ú⑧➩✢➦✜➫❡➫✒➾✼➨✤➢☞➭ ➮⑧➥✞➭➪➸✜➻➪×ÐÓ➃➦✭➨✞➭✢➧✤➻❻➦✜➫❡➫⑨➳✓➤❡➦✭➲✜➧❦➦✜➹▼➥✤Ø❸❮➼➦✜➽✓➳r➶⑧➧✤➸✜➶➒➸✏➥✞➭✛➳➐×✞➥✤Û❖➾❸➫❡➤❡➽☞➭❍➶⑧➫✒➸✜➨✤➥✤ØÖ➦✜➥①➦❆➹▲➭✛➦✜➽⑧➥➯➸✜➻➍➹▲➸✏➽✓➤✒➨✞➸✜➧❦➤♣➽☞➲❃➶➒➸✜➧✤➨✤➥❴➦✜➽✓➳r❰ÐÏ ➦✜➳⑧➳☞➧✤➭✛➥✤➥✞➭✛➥✛➴❾➡✵➢☞➭✛➥✞➭➘➹▲➭✢➨✤➢✓➸❂➳✓➥✵Ó➍➭✢➧✤➭➪➤❡➫❡➫❡➮✓➥✤➨✞➧❦➦✭➨✞➭✛➳Ö➸✏➽r➦▲➹▲➸❸➳☞➭✢➧❦➦✭➨✞➭✥Ü✃➥✤➤❡➚✢➭✛➳r➳✓➦✭➨✤➦❃➥✤➭✢➨➪❐Ð➇✛Ý✜Þ❂❮★ß✭à✏Þ❆➧✤➭✛➩✥➸✜➧❦➳✓➥❄Ñ❄➴➍á✓➮☞➨✤➮☞➧✤➭ Ó➃➸✜➧✤Û✟Ó✾➤❡➫♣➫❖➬➒➭✵➩✥➸✏➽✓➳⑧➮✓➩✥➨✞➭✛➳❃➸✏➽❃➥❦➤❡➹❃➤❡➫❡➦✭➧■➳✓➦✭➨✤➦➪➥✞➭✢➨✤➥➝➩✥➸✏➫♣➫✒➭✛➩✥➨✞➭✛➳❃➻✺➧✤➸✏➹â➤❡➽❖➨✞➭✢➧❦➽☞➭✢➨➍➥✞➭✛➥✤➥✤➤✒➸✏➽⑧➥✢❮✘➦✜➥❾Ó➃➭✛➫❡➫☞➦✜➥➝➸✏➽▼➳✓➦✭➨✤➦◆➻✺➧✤➸✏➹ ➸✜➨✤➢✓➭✢➧✾Ú✓➭✛➫❡➳⑧➥➍Ó➯➢☞➭✢➧✤➭➘➹❃➦✜➥✤➥❦➤✒➵✜➭❍➳✓➦✭➨✤➦❃➥✤➭✢➨✤➥✾➦✭➧❦➤❡➥✤➭✜➴ ã✵ä✄å✢ä✢æ✞ä✢ç➺è❄ä✥é ➇✭➴➯êr➦✭➧❄➩❦➢☞➭✢➨✞➨✞➭✜❮✏ë①➦✛➵❸➤❡➳⑥ì☞➴❖❐✄í✭à✜à☞➇♥Ñ❄❮ïî■ð✭ñ➯ò➺ó☞ô ä✢æ■õ❄ç ô æ ó é❄ö ð ç⑥÷✟ä ô ä❦è ô ö ð ç▼ø✭ç➺ù✵ú⑥ä ô❻û➝ð æ❦ü❶ý ð ç✓ö ôþð æ❇ö✱ç❖ÿ ❮✘➷❂➶✓➧❦➤❡➽✓➲✜➭✢➧✛❮ ➭✢Ó✂✁❾➸✜➧✤Û✳➴ í❂➴☎✄➘➢❂➮✓➹❍➬➺➦✜➢➼❮ ➴ ✝Ü ✆➪✟➴ ✞⑧Õ✡➭✢➲✏➹▼➦✜➽➼✡❮ ✾✠ ➴★ì☞➴ï❐✄í✭à✜à✏Ý✏Ñ❄❮ ×✞ë①➦✭➨✤➦❆➩✥➸✏➹❃➶✓➧✤➭✛➥✤➥✤➤❡➸✏➽②➬❖➾②➲✜➭✢➸✏➹▲➭✢➨✞➧❦➤♣➩❍➱❂➮✓➦✜➽✘➨✤➤❡➚✛➦✭➨✤➤✒➸✏➽➼❮PØ ã✵☞ä ☛ è❄ä✢ç ✍ô ✌ ✏ù ✎✍ø✜ç➺è❄ä✥é✖ø✜ç➺✒ ù ✑✓æ✤ä✥ç➺ù✍é✖ö✺ç✣ú ð ç ò ø✭æÐø ñ ä ô æ❄ö✄✔è ✓ ô ø ô ö♣é ô ö❻è✢é ❮➃➭✛➳✓➥✢➴ ê❛✕➴ ✆✾Û❂➧❦➤✒➨✤➦✜➥▲➦✜➽✓➳✁ë⑥➴ ➴➝Ï⑨➸✏➫❡➤✒➨✤➤❡➥✛❮ ➸✜➧❦➨✤➢✗✖➯➸✏➫❡➫❡➦✜➽✓➳✘✠➍➫❡➥✞➭✢➵❸➤✒➭✢➧✛✙❮ ✆➯➹▼➥✞➨✞➭✢➧❦➳✓➦✜➹✦➴ Ý❂➴❴➷❸➤❡➫✒➵✜➭✢➧❄➹❃➦✜➽➼✙❮ ✚❴➴❒Õ➔➴❲❐Ð➇✜✛✣✢✜ß✏Ñ❄❮ ÷✟ä✥ç✓é❄ö ✥ô ✤✧✦ é ô ö ñ ø ô ö ð ç ✩❮ ❶★ ➢✓➦✭➶⑧➹❃➦✜➽✦➦✜➽⑧✪➳ ✖➯➦✜➫♣✬➫ ✫✮✆✭ ➸✏➽✓➳✓➸✏➽➼➴ ➈☞➴✾➡➂➮✓Û✜➭✢➾✜❮❖ì✜➸✏➢✓➽⑥Õ ➴✓❐Ð✜➇ ✛✰✯✣✯✜Ñ❄✙❮ ✦✲❇✱ ò✴✳✒ð æ✞ø ôþð æ ✤ ÷⑥ø ô ø ✌ ç➺ø ✳✵✤ é❄ö✱é ✰❮ ✆❴➳✓➳✓➤♣➥✞➸✏➽❸ÜþÕ✡➭✛➥✤➫✒➭✢➾✜❮✰✶✾➭✛➦✜➳✓➤❡➽☞➲☞❮✘ê❘➦✜➥✤➥✤➦✜➩❄➢❖➮⑧➥✞➭✢➨✞➨✤➥✢➴ Þ❂➴✵Õ✡➭✢➲✏➹❃➦✜➽➼❮✷✠➝➳☞Ó❶➦✭➧❦➳rì✓✟➴ ✞➺ë①➦✛➵❸➤✒➭✛➥✢✷❮ ✖➪➴❒❰❄➴➂❐Ð✜➇ ✛✰✯✏✛✏Ñ❄❮ ✸× ✶✾➭✛➹❃➦✭➧✤Û❸➥✾➸✏➽❘➥✞➸✏➹▲➭❍➧❦➭✛➩✢➮☞➧❦➥✤➤✒➵✜➭◆➭✛➥✤➨✤➤❡➹❃➦✭➨✞➸✜➧❦➥➯➸✜➻■➦❃➶✓➧✤➸✜➬✓Ü ➦✭➬⑧➤❡➫❡➤❡➨✃➾❆➳✓➭✛➽✓➥✤➤✒➨ ➾✜❮P✹Ø ✌ ç✓ç➺ø ✳ é ð ✺å ✓ ô ø ô ö✱é ô ö✄è✥é ✯❖❮➺Ý❸➇✛ß✼✻❂Ý✜✰í ✯❖➴ ß❂➴✵Õ✡➭✢➲✏➹❃➦✜➽➼❮✽✠➍➳☞Ó❶➦✭➧❦➳✡ì☞➴✟✞ïê❘➦✭➧❦➩❦➢☞➭✢➨✞➨✞➭✜❮⑨ë①➦✛➵❸➤❡➳✡ì☞➴❾❐✄í✭à✜à✏Ý✏Ñ❄❮➯✿× ✾①➽✼➥✞➸✏➹❃➭⑥➨✞➭✛➩❄➢✓➽✓➤❡➱❂➮☞➭✛➥❴➻✺➸✜➧①➥✤➨✞➧✤➭✛➦✜➹❃➤❡➽☞➲②➳✓➦✭➨✤❀➦ ✫ ✆➔➩✢➦✜➥✤➭➪➥✞➨✤➮✓➳✓➾▼➸✜➻❲➤❡➽✘➨✞➭✢➧❄➽☞➭✢➨ ➶⑧➦✜➩✤Û✜➭✢➨❴➢☞➭✛➦✜➳☞➭✢➧❦➥✛❮PØ✘❸❁ ð✜ó æ❇ç➺ø ✳⑨ð å î■ð✭ñ➯ò➺ó☞ô ø ô ö ð ç➺ø ✳ ø✭ç➺✔ù ❂➃æ✞ø ❄ò ❃ ö✄è❦ø ✳ ✓ ô ø ô ö♣é ô ö❻è✢é ➇✛í☞❐✺➈❖Ñ❄✷❮ ✢✣✜✛ ✼Ý ✻❅✛❸➇✥➈☞➴ ✯❖➴✵Õ✡➭✢➲✏➹❃➦✜➽➼✲❮ ➍✠ ➳☞Ó❶➦✭➧❦➳ ì✓➴✟✞➝êr➦✭➧❦➩❄➢☞➭✢➨✞➨✞➭✜❮➍ë①➦♥➵❂➤❡➳✣ì☞➴❶❐✄í✭à✜à✭➈❖Ñ❄❮❍×❦➷❂➨✤➦✭➨✤➤❡➥✤➨✤➤❡➩✢➦✜➫➍➦✜➽⑧➦✜➫✒➾❂➥❦➤❡➥➘➸✜➻✵➽☞➭✢➨ Ó➍➸✜➧❦ÛÔ➳✓➦✭➨✤➦❘➻✱➸✜➧ ➩✥➾❖➬➒➭✢➧❦➥✤➭✛➩✢➮☞➧❦➤✒➨ ➾✜❮PØÔ❆î ❃ ø✭ç➺è❇ä ✷❮ ✛✼✻➺✜➇ ❂✛ ➴