BINGO- Term Paper.pdf

Term Paper On “Bangladesh Reaching the SDGs by 2030” Submitted To Professor Dr. Md. Mahmodul Hasan Faculty of Business Administration American International University – Bangladesh (AIUB) Submitted By BINGO April 20, 2017 April 20, 2017 To Prof. Dr. Md. Mahmodul Hasan Faculty of Business Administration American International University – Bangladesh (AIUB) http://aiub.edu/ Subject: Letter of Transmittal Dear Sir, With due respect, we the undersigned students of EMBA Programme, spring 2016-17 batch have reported on “Bangladesh Reaching the SDGs by 2030” under the course: Corporate Communication (E-6202)”. The assignment has been completed by the knowledge that we have gathered from the course and provided resources by the respected faculty. We have tried our label best to complete this report meaningfully and correctly, as much as possible. We do believe that our tiresome effort will help you to get ahead with this sort of venture. In this case it will be meaningful to us. This report has enabled us to gain insight into the core fact of national contemporary issues. So it becomes as an extremely challenging and interesting experience. Thank you for your supportive consideration for formulating a distinguished research concept. Without your inspiration, this report would have been an incomplete one. We are also thankful to all those persons who provided us important information and gave us valuable advices. Lastly, we would be thankful once again if you please give your judicious advice on effort and oblige thereby. Thanking you. Yours obediently, Sl. Name ID 01. M. Humayun Kabir 17-99999-1 02. Md. Almas Hossain Khan 17-99991-1 03. Shafikul Islam 17-99944-1 04. Syed Nazim Obayed 17-99882-1 Signature Acknowledgement First of all, we would like to convey our sincere gratitude and heartfelt thanks to our respected course teacher, Prof. Dr. Md. Mahmodul Hasan for his overall guidance, understanding, patience and most importantly his student friendly approach during our studies at AIUB. We consider ourselves very fortunate for being able to work with a very considerate and encouraging professor like him. He has given us an assignment on “Bangladesh Reaching the SDGs by 2030” and formulated to a term paper report. Thank you for creating an environment of enthusiasm for learning, appreciation for growing, and room for making mistakes along the way. We are grateful to have you as a guide, leading by example. You are not only our teacher, you are our mentor, authority and guide, all rolled into one person. We will always be grateful to you for your support and kindness. Lastly, we want to express our profound thanks to our respected teacher, Prof. Dr. Md. Mahmodul Hasan for his kind consent and given practical orientation of conducting such an assignment and helping in preparing the report which will be very helpful and worthy for our future endeavors. On behalf of All Group Members of BINGO EMBA Programme, spring 2016-17 American International University – Bangladesh (AIUB) Acronyms ADP - Annual Development Plan AIDS - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome CO2 – Carbon Di Oxide CPD – Center for Policy Dialogue GDP - Gross Domestic Product GoB - Government of Bangladesh HDI - Human Development Index LDC -Least Developed Country (LDC) MDGs - Millennium Development Goals SDGs -Sustainable Development Goals UN - United Nations UNDP - United Nations Development Programme WB - World Bank WSSD - World Summit on Sustainable Development WEF - World Economic Forum WHO - World Health Organization Executive Summary Bangladesh achieved remarkable success in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and following the trail of success it is high time now for the country to formulate a comprehensive national strategy towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This comprehensive national strategy should be formulated through a participatory process so that all stakeholders can contribute to the country’s journey towards achieving SDGs. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reflect an ambitious development objective with a transformative vision. The new development agenda makes for a holistic developmental framework. Experts are forecasting that the new agenda could achieve more than its predecessor, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The SDGs bring enormous opportunities, but also immense challenges for developing countries around the world like Bangladesh. Delivering the ambitious targets of the SDGs will necessitate the mobilization of a substantial amount of domestic and foreign resources. Effective institutions and good governance have become critical for mobilizing domestic resources and curbing illicit financial outflows. At the country-level, the governments alone cannot implement the SDGs and a multi-stakeholder approach will be necessary. The key identifies of the study are stated in below 1. Daily income of 50% people is in between 200-500 BDT. 2. People in Dhaka city are not completely satisfied to the social projection system. 3. People are conscious about their flooding and 82% people are consuming hygienic food daily. 4. About 82% people are drinking pure water all the time. 5. Almost all people are having meals three times a day. 6. Maternal and neonatal death are almost zero. 7. People are getting medicines and vaccines freely. 8. 73% people are enjoying free primary and secondary education. 9. Most of the people prefer polytechnic and skill oriented educations and like entrepreneurship. 10. Almost all females are participating the decision-making activity in their families and they are being empowered. i 11. 91% people have access to safe and affordable drinking water. 12. Most of the people are not aware of the green technology and they are not using it in their families. 13. In Dhaka city, there is no such case of human trafficking but a very few people are forced for child labor. 14. About 95% people are doing job according to their willingness. Nobody pressurized them. 15. 77% people are satisfied with their present job. 16. About 36% people use internet daily 17. About 86% people agreed that people are supportive around them 18. 95% people use sunlight in their house 19. 91% people are aware of the earthquake but most of them have no training to face such natural shocks. 20. 77% people believe that sea will be a potential source of protein. 21. On an average people planted 5 to 10 tress in their life. 22. Only 23% people are aware of the national & international law. 23. 82% people say that they are getting justice all the time. 24. There is no such awareness program regarding earthquake in TV. 25. About 50% people are not wasting any food daily but a few are wasting food daily whose monetary value is less than 50 Taka. Bangladesh stands in such a position that keeping SDG goals targeted in 2030 is quite possible as 13 years are in hand to implement the strategy. But multiparty involvement is mandatory and need to ensure monitoring, evaluation and accountably. Important stakeholders are 1. Government Executives and Bureaucratics 2. Private Sectors 3. Development Partners 4. Civil Society 5. Public Representative Despite significant economic progress over the last 15 years and achievements in areas such as poverty alleviation, health and education, Bangladesh still faces a number of developmental ii challenges related to violence, lack of access to justice, and limited citizen inclusion in decisionmaking processes. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides an opportunity for Bangladesh to focus attention on many of these challenges, especially with the Agenda's inclusion of Goal 16 on peaceful and inclusive societies. This report explores three specific targets in Goal 16, which are highly relevant to the development challenges faced in Bangladesh today. An accountable 'national action plan' prioritizing the goals and targets holds the key for Bangladesh to achieving the sustainable development goals by 2030.There are 169 targets under the 17 SDGs of the United Nations. The first task is prioritizing the targets and the goals that we want to achieve. There should be integration between strategic policies and institutions, and the state itself will have to coordinate the whole process step by step from top to bottom. We put efforts on the development works excluding the participation of people. The development works would have to be people-centric. Although financing would be a major challenge for Bangladesh in achieving the SDGs. It's not possible for the government alone to attain these - participation from all segments is required. We have to prepare our own indicators through a national plan of action but in line with the goals under the SDGs. Innovative solutions by NGOs, start-ups and individuals are a must, we have to work together. Only then we can reach our desired goals. Key Focus on reaching SDGs by 2030 1. If the marginalized people of Bangladesh can be given some kind of assistance and support to eradicate poverty then these people might come at the center of development from the periphery of development. 2. There lies a concern regarding declining of agricultural land and its relation with food security. More focus on manufacturing will increase dependency on fossil fuel which is one of the main factors behind climate change. 3. Focus should be on promotion of different values that are important for development of a society like social values, economic values, cultural values, democratic values etc. 4. The issue of protecting land is very vital because illegal grabbing of land does not only decrease the assets of poor people but also it causes a negative impact on biodiversity. 5. The disabled people should not be left out in the development process. 6. Maritime resources can be utilized to bring the impoverished people of the coastal areas out of poverty. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction of SDGs in Bangladesh …………………….…………………………………………… 01 1.1 Background ……………………………………………..……………………………………………01 2. Approach and Methodology ……………………………………..……………………………………….04 3. Findings & Analysis 3.1 No Poverty ……………………………………………………….………………………………....05 3.1.1 Findings …………………………………………………………….………………………….....05 3.1.2 Analysis and Recommendations……………………………..………………………...…06 3.1.3 Survey Statistics …………………………………………………….…………………….…...06 3.2 Zero hunger……………………………………………………………………………………….…08 3.2.1 Findings …………………………………………………………………......……………….…..08 3.2.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………………………………………………….……08 3.2.3 Survey Statistics ………………………………………………….…………………………....09 3.3 Good health and well-being………………………………………….……………….…...…..11 3.3.1 Findings ………………………………………………………………………..……………….....11 3.3.2 Analysis and Recommendations……………………………………………….………….11 3.3.3 Survey Statistics ………………………………………………………………………………...12 3.4 Quality education………………………………………………………………….………………14 3.4.1 Findings ………………………………………………….………………………………………..14 3.4.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………….……………………………..……………..15 3.4.3 Survey Statistics ……………………….……………………………………..………………..15 3.5 Gender equality……………………………………………………………………..…………….17 3.5.1 Findings ……………………………………………………………………………..……………17 3.5.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………………………………………….…………..17 3.5.3 Survey Statistics ………………………………………………….…………………………..18 3.6 Clean water and sanitation……………………………………………………….…………….19 3.6.1 Findings …………………………………………………………………………….….………….20 3.6.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………………………………………….……………20 3.6.3 Survey Statistics ……………………………………………………………………..…………21 3.7 Affordable and clean energy……………………………………………………..……………22 3.7.1 Findings …………………………………………………………………………………..……….22 3.7.2 Analysis and Recommendations……………………………………………………..…..23 3.7.3 Survey Statistics …………………………………………………………………………..……23 3.8 Decent work and economic growth ……………………………………………………….25 3.8.1 Findings …………………………………………………………………………………..………25 3.8.2 Analysis and Recommendations ………………………………………………..………25 3.8.3 Survey Statistics ………………………………………………………………………………26 3.9 Industry, innovation and infrastructure …………………………………………….….27 3.9.1 Findings ……………………………………………………………………………………..……28 3.9.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………………………………………………..…….28 3.9.3 Survey Statistics ………………………………………………………………………………28 3.10 Reduced inequalities………………………………………………………………….………30 3.10.1 Findings …………………………………………………………………………………...……30 3.10.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………………………………………………..…..31 3.10.3 Survey Statistics ………………………………….………………………………….………31 3.11 Sustainable cities and communities……………………………………………….………33 3.11.1 Findings ………………………………………………………………………………..…………33 3.11.2 Analysis and Recommendations……………………………………………….………..33 3.11.3 Survey Statistics …………………………………….…………………………………..…….34 3.12 Responsible consumption and production……………………………………..………35 3.12.1 Findings …………………………………………………………………………………..………36 3.12.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………………………………………………………36 3.12.3 Survey Statistics …………………………….…………………………………………………36 3.13 Climate action……………………………………………………………………………….……38 3.13.1 Findings ………………………………………………………………………………..……..…38 3.13.2 Analysis and Recommendations……………………………………………………..…39 3.13.3 Survey Statistics ……………………………………….…………………………………..…39 3.14 Life below water………………………………………………………………………..………41 3.14.1 Findings …………………………………………………………………………………..……41 3.14.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………………………………………………...…42 3.14.3 Survey Statistics…………………………………………………………………………….42 3.15 Life on land………………………………………………………………………………..……44 3.15.1 Findings ………………………………………………………………………………….……44 3.15.2 Analysis and Recommendations…………………………………………………..…44 3.15.3 Survey Statistics ……………………………………………………………………………45 3.16 Peace, justice and strong institutions……………………………………….….………47 3.16.1 Findings …………………………………………………………………………………..……47 3.16.2 Analysis and Recommendations………………………………………………………47 3.16.3 Survey Statistics …………………………………….………………………………………48 4. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………..……50 5. References …………………………………………………………………………………………….....……52 6. List of Graphs ………………………………………………………………………………………….…..…53 7. Appendix …………………………………………………………………………………………………..……54 Chapter 1 [Introduction of SDGs in Bangladesh] 1.1 Background The United Nations (UN) has of late been debating the new international development framework that will replace the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) post–2015. This process has been popularly referred to as the post-2015 development agenda. It is a fact that many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that have been identified will impact on the role and responsibilities of local government, namely, poverty reduction; access to water and sanitation; health; education; economic growth; development of cities and human settlements; and resilience to climate change. A critical issue that was highlighted when the MDGs were introduced in 2000 was the implementation modalities as it was felt that the process and goals were primarily top down. Consequently, there has been strong advocacy for local government to be a key implementation partner in the achievement of the new sustainable development goals that would have been finalized in September 2015.There is a firm belief that the issue of localization has to extend beyond national, provincial/state/regional implementation and there should be a focus on how the new development agenda will be implemented locally and the implications for the local level of government in this regard. According to the UN, localization denotes the “process of defining; implementing; and monitoring strategies at the local level for achievable global, national and subnational sustainable goals and targets. This process would involve the utilization of distinct tools, mechanisms, strategies, platforms and innovations to ensure that the development agenda is effectively translated into firm action and concrete results at the local level to benefit communities. It is envisaged that it will be an inclusive process and will move beyond the municipal jurisdiction to draw in relevant stakeholders to create a strong and capable local authority. UNDP partners with people at all levels of society to help build nations though sustainable, innovative, and community-based development projects. Since 1972, UNDP and its partners have helped Bangladesh make critical advances in the areas of governance, poverty reduction, climate change and disaster resilience. Communities are made stronger by our partnerships and assistance. Over the past decade and a half, Bangladesh has made impressive gains across key human development indicators. Though Bangladesh continues 1 to face significant challenges arising from economic inequality, vulnerability to disasters, and transitioning government institutions, UNDP Bangladesh remains committed to helping the Bangladeshi people achieve their full developmental potential. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), otherwise known as the Global Goals, are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity. These 17 Goals build on the successes of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), while including new areas such as climate change, economic inequality, innovation, sustainable consumption, peace and justice, among other priorities. The goals are interconnected – often the key to success on one will involve tackling issues more commonly associated with another. The SDGs work in the spirit of partnership and pragmatism to make the right choices now to improve life, in a sustainable way, for future generations. They provide clear guidelines and targets for all countries to adopt in accordance with their own priorities and the environmental challenges of the world at large. The SDGs came into effect in January 2016, and they will continue guide UNDP policy and funding for the next 15 years. As the lead UN development agency, UNDP is uniquely placed to help implement the Goals through our work in some 170 countries and territories. UNDP provides support to governments to integrate the SDGs into their national development plans and policies. This work is already underway, as we support many countries in accelerating progress already achieved under the Millennium Development Goals. The track record working across multiple goals provides us with a valuable experience and proven policy expertise to ensure we all reach the targets set out in the SDGs by 2030. Achieving the SDGs requires the partnership of governments, private sector, civil society and citizens alike to make sure we leave a better planet for future generations. UNDP helps the people and government of Bangladesh to create a more sustainable, peaceful, innovative and resilient economy, environment and society. The UNDP’s work helps the partners to improve the quality of Bangladeshi governance, and reduces poverty and inequality in cities and villages across the country. It promotes new and innovative energy and climate solutions, and helps to make Bangladesh a leader in disaster preparation and management. It assists society’s most vulnerable, helping women, youth and minorities access justice and opportunities, to ensure no one is left behind. It provides assistance, support and guidance to initiatives at the community, institutional and policy levels, and gives new development ideas a platform to grow. The UNDP offers assistance to the people of Bangladesh in their assemblies, courthouses, school 2 rooms, workplaces, but most importantly in their communities and villages. UNDP Bangladesh has been a key facilitator in Bangladesh’s remarkable development story since it first arrived in 1972. Since then, UNDP has assisted Bangladesh’s progression from a war zone, beset by environmental and political instability, to an ever more dynamic, youthful and resilient emerging economy with distinct promise. UNDP Bangladesh has been a valuable partner throughout this process, acting as an honest broker and a helpful catalyst in promoting transformational changes in the lives and livelihoods of the people of Bangladesh. UNDP Bangladesh does not waver in its commitment to human rights, rule of law, or inclusive governance. The cooperation with the government of Bangladesh is well-respected and longstanding, and has successfully helped to make government institutions more effective, transparent and accountable. This is particularly useful in helping the government to deliver on its seventh five-year plan (2016-2020), and to meet its Sustainable Development Goal targets by 2030. UNDP Bangladesh always has a number of exciting new initiatives underway. UNDP is helping Bangladesh to graduate from Least Developed Country (LDC) status by 2018, and to meet its Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. To help the people of Bangladesh reach these ambitious targets, UNDP Bangladesh has developed a comprehensive new country programme for the years 2017-2020. Throughout the work, UNDP Bangladesh also focusses on harnessing the power of new and innovative technologies. From improved kiln designs for brick-making, to new data-collection methods and platforms for presenting our results, to the digitalization of whole branches of the Bangladeshi government, UNDP is committed to embracing innovative and exciting development opportunities. Technology has the potential to transform lives from urban Dhaka or Chittagong to rural Khulna or Sylhet, and UNDP Bangladesh is supportive of the government’s strategy to promote a ‘Digital Bangladesh’ by 2021. UNDP Bangladesh is committed to being on the forefront of these dynamic new trends, and to promote Bangladesh’s full human potential. 3 Chapter 2 [Approach and Methodology] 2.1 Methodological Approach Qualitative methods were used because interviewees can express their views in a candid way, with a primary focus on the desired themes. Interviews were held with general people of varied occupations in the Dhaka city. A comprehensive documentary review was undertaken including materials from the UNDP, UN and CPD. The paper concentrated on the data collected from the general people. 2.2 Data Collection and Limitation The document review provided us with an excellent opportunity to preview the overall scenario and prepare the semi-structured interviews for an in-depth understanding. The objectivity of the study was achieved with a triangulation of samples. There are 80 questions resulting 5 questions from each goal. The questions were set in such a way to assess the present situation of SDGs in Bangladesh and the proposed roadmap to achieve by 2030. A briefing on the purpose, focus and confidentiality of the research was made before the interviews. Each interview lasted 90 to 100 minutes. We asked several indirect questions and the respondents’ answers led to ask further questions. We enquired if they can tell us more which were not covered but were relevant to the research. This prompted the respondents to disclose additional useful information. The exact sequence of the interview questions was altered to maintain a friendly discussion. Our discussion ended with a healthy rapport by thanking all the participants for their constructive, positive and critical feedback with an assurance of security and confidentiality of information. We sought their permissions to record the interviews to which most of them agreed leading us to record, transcribe and listen to the interviews for our analysis. We performed operation on 22 people considering equal ratio of male and female in the Dhaka city; which could be a limitation but we tried to capture the views of all classes of people. 4 Chapter 3 [Findings and Analysis] 3.1 Goal 1: No poverty Goal 1, states “End poverty in all its forms everywhere”. Goal 1 calls for an end to poverty in all its manifestations, including extreme poverty, over the next 15 years. All people everywhere, including the poorest and most vulnerable, should enjoy a basic standard of living and social protection benefits. In signing Agenda 2030, Governments around the world committed to ending poverty in all its manifestations, including its most extreme forms, over the next 15 years. They resolved that all people everywhere should enjoy a basic standard of living. This includes social protection benefits for the poor and most vulnerable and ensuring that people harmed by conflict and natural hazards receive adequate support, including access to basic services. The SDGs are a bold commitment to finish what we started, and end poverty in all forms and dimensions by 2030. This involves targeting those living in vulnerable situations, increasing access to basic resources and services, and supporting communities affected by conflict and climate-related disasters. Ending poverty is one of 17 Global Goals that make up the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. An integrated approach is crucial for progress across the multiple goals 3.1.1 Findings 1. Daily income of 50% people is in between 200-500 BDT & 23% people being above 500BDT. Here we can see that 13% people have zero income but they are dependents and students. 2. People in Dhaka city are not completely satisfied to the social projection system; about 73% has added this comment. 3. 82% people have no idea regarding natural shocks and disasters handling. 4. It is a very good symptom that about 68% people are aware of their basic rights towards the society. 5. At present, 91% people prefer private clinics for their treatments. 5 3.1.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Ensuring social & economic security. 2. Ensuring quality education. 3. Free access to health care. 4. Water and sanitation facilities. 5. Utilizing young people in the productive work. 3.1.3 Survey Statistics Graph 1: Daily Income 13% 23% Zero 14% Less than 50 BDT In between 50 to 100 BDT In between 150 to 200 BDT 50% In between 200 to 500 BDT Above 500 BDT Graph 2: Opinion upon Social Protection System 14% 13% Over satisfied Satisfied Moderate 73% Dissatisfied Have no idea 6 Graph 3: Natural Shocks or Disasters Handling Capability 18% Yes No 82% Have no idea Graph 4: Awareness of Social Rights 14% 18% Yes No 68% Have no idea Graph 5: Hospital Preference 9% Government hospitals Private clinics 91% 7 3.2 Goal 2: Zero hunger Goal 2, states “End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.” It is time to rethink how we grow, share and consume our food. If done right, agriculture, forestry and fisheries can provide nutritious food for all and generate decent incomes, while supporting people-centered rural development and protecting the environment. Right now, our soils, freshwater, oceans, forests and biodiversity are being rapidly degraded. Climate change is putting even more pressure on the resources we depend on, increasing risks associated with disasters such as droughts and floods. Many rural women and men can no longer make ends meet on their land, forcing them to migrate to cities in search of opportunities. Goal 2 seeks sustainable solutions to end hunger in all its forms by 2030 and to achieve food security. The aim is to ensure that everyone everywhere has enough good-quality food to lead a healthy life. Achieving this Goal will require better access to food and the widespread promotion of sustainable agriculture. This entails improving the productivity and incomes of small-scale farmers by promoting equal access to land, technology and markets, sustainable food production systems and resilient agricultural practices. It also requires increased investments through international cooperation to bolster the productive capacity of agriculture in developing countries 3.2.1 Findings 1. People are conscious about their flooding and 82% people are consuming hygienic food daily. 2. About 82% people are drinking pure water all the time. 3. People are consuming nutritious food daily. 91% people say this. 4. It is observed that 77% people are having meals three times a day. 5. About 82% people have no idea about the calorie consumption in a day. 3.2.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. 100% access to adequate food all year round. 2. All food systems are sustainable. 8 3. 100% increase in smallholder productivity and income. 4. Zero loss or waste of food. 5. Zero stunted children less than 2 years. 3.2.3 Survey Statistics Graph 6: Hygienic Food Consumption 14% 4% Yes No 82% I don’t know Have no idea Graph 7: Pure Water Drinking 9% 9% Yes No 82% I don’t know Have no idea 9 Graph 8: Nutritious Food Consumption Over the Year 4%5% Yes No I don’t know 91% Have no idea Graph 9 : Meals per Day 5% 18% 1 time 2 times 3 times 77% More than 3 Graph 10: Daily Calorie 4% 9% 5% ~1000 ~1500 ~30000 82% Have no idea I don’t know 10 3.3 Goal 3: Good health and well-being Goal3 states “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.” Ensuring healthy lives and promoting the well-being for all at all ages is essential to sustainable development. Significant strides have been made in increasing life expectancy and reducing some of the common killers associated with child and maternal mortality. Major progress has been made on increasing access to clean water and sanitation, reducing malaria, tuberculosis, polio and the spread of HIV/AIDS. However, many more efforts are needed to fully eradicate a wide range of diseases and address many different persistent and emerging health issues. The aim is to improve reproductive and maternal and child health; end the epidemics of HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and neglected tropical diseases; reduce non-communicable and environmental diseases; achieve universal health coverage; and ensure universal access to safe, affordable and effective medicines and vaccines. Towards that end, world leaders committed to support research and development, increase health financing, and strengthen the capacity of all countries to reduce and manage health risks. 3.3.1 Findings 1. Over the last two years we found 1 maternal death in their family among the survey result of 22 people in the Dhaka city that gives 95% success rate. 2. Over the last two years we found there is no neonatal death in their family among the survey result of 22 people in the Dhaka city that gives 100% success rate. 3. Out of 22 people we have got the result that one accidental death in their family over the last two years. 4. About 45% people are getting basic medicines and vaccines freely. 5. 86% people are suffering from diseases causing from environmental pollutions. 3.3.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Increasing support to mental health. 2. Cooperation. 3. Caring economics. 4. Promoting altruism. 11 5. A new economic harmony. 3.3.3 Survey Statistics Graph 11: Maternal Death Over the last Two Years 5% 1 2 Above 2 95% None Graph 12: Neonatal Death Over the last Two Years 1 2 Above 2 100% None 12 Graph13: Accidental Death Over the last Two Years 5% 1 2 Above 2 95% None Graph 14: Free Medicine and Vaccine 45% 55% Yes No I don’t Know Have no idea Graph 15: Illness From Environment Pollution 9% 5% Yes No 86% I don’t Know Have no idea 13 3.4 Goal 4: Quality education Goal 4, obtaining a quality education is the foundation to improving people’s lives and sustainable development. Major progress has been made towards increasing access to education at all levels and increasing enrolment rates in schools particularly for women and girls. Basic literacy skills have improved tremendously, yet bolder efforts are needed to make even greater strides for achieving universal education goals. For example, the world has achieved equality in primary education between girls and boys, but few countries have achieved that target at all levels of education. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. It aims to ensure that all people have access to quality education and lifelong learning opportunities. This Goal focuses on the acquisition of foundational and higher-order skills at all stages of education and development; greater and more equitable access to quality education at all levels, as well as technical and vocational education and training (TVET); and the knowledge, skills and values needed to function well and contribute to society. 3.4.1 Findings 1. At Dhaka city 73% people are enjoying free primary and secondary education. 2. 73% people are ensuring pre-schooling of their children. 3. About 59% people prefer polytechnic and skill oriented educations and rent 41% college and university. 4. 91% people want to be an entrepreneur rather than to be an employee. 5. 100% people believe that both male and female should enter into higher studies. 3.4.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Countries must ensure that all children and adolescents complete at least one year of preprimary education, and a full cycle of primary and lower secondary education by 2030. 2. Primary and lower secondary education must be truly free. Fees should be abolished and all related costs, including those for textbooks, transport and school uniforms, should be covered. disadvantaged children, youth and adults. Learning environments should be safe and 14 3. Programs and funding at all levels should be targeted to meet the needs of the most gender sensitive. Governments must close critical data gaps in order to direct resources to marginalized groups most in need. 4. Governments should significantly expand adult learning and education opportunities within a lifelong learning approach, especially among those who had been denied access to school in the past. 5. Countries must ensure that 15-20 percent of national budgets are spent on education. 3.4.3 Survey Statistics Graph 16: Free Primary and Secondary Education 27% Yes No I don’t Know 73% Have no idea Graph 17: Children Pre Schooling 27% Yes No 73% I don’t Know Have no idea 15 Graph 18: Preference of Education Vocational & Technical Training 41% 59% Polytechnic & Skill Oriented Colleges & university education Graph 19: Public Opinion for Employment 9% Entrepreneur Employee 91% Graph 20: Opinion for Higher Education Only male should enter Only female should enter 100% Both male & female should enter 16 3.5 Goal 5: Gender equality Goal 5 states “Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.” Empowering women and girls to reach their full potential requires that they have equal opportunities to those of men and boys. This means eliminating all forms of discrimination and violence against them, including violence by intimate partners, sexual violence and harmful practices, such as child marriage and female genital mutilation (FGM). Ensuring that women have better access to paid employment, sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights, and real decision-making power in public and private spheres will further ensure that development is equitable and sustainable. Obtaining a quality education is the foundation to improving people’s lives and sustainable development. Major progress has been made towards increasing access to education at all levels and increasing enrolment rates in schools particularly for women and girls. Basic literacy skills have improved tremendously, yet bolder efforts are needed to make even greater strides for achieving universal education goals. For example, the world has achieved equality in primary education between girls and boys, but few countries have achieved that target at all levels of education. 3.5.1 Findings 1. Females are not deprived the basic rights, 36% people say. 2. Females are participating the decision-making activity. About 68% agreed to this. 3. 77% people are aware of their economic rights. 4. Females are being empowered in our society. 95% agreed to this. 5. Ratio of male and female employees are not equal in every sectors. 3.5.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Stop child marriage and sexual harassment. 2. Raise aspirations of girls and their parents. 3. Get women into power. 4. Stop the violence. 17 5. Let girls use mobile phones. 3.5.3 Survey Statistics Graph 21: Basic Rights Deprived for Female 27% 32% Agree Disagree 5% I don’t Know 36% Have no idea Graph 22: Females Participating in Decision Making 14% 18% Agree Disagree 68% I don’t Know Have no idea Graph 23: Aware of Economic Rights 23% Agree Disagree 77% I don’t Know Have no idea 18 Graph 24: Opinion for Female Empowerment 5% Agree Have no idea 95% Graph 25: Same Ratio of Male and Female in Work Place 27% 32% Yes No I don’t Know 41% Have no idea 3.6 Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation Goal 6 states “Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.” Sustainable Development Goal 6 goes beyond drinking water, sanitation and hygiene to also address the quality and sustainability of water resources, which are critical to the survival of people and the planet. The 2030 Agenda recognizes the centrality of water resources to sustainable development and the vital role that improved drinking water, sanitation and hygiene play in progress in other areas, including health, education and poverty reduction. 19 3.6.1 Findings 1. 91% people have access to safe and affordable drinking water. 2. 100% People has equitable sanitation and hygiene facilities. 3. 45% people have no idea regarding recycle of water. 32% are practicing it in their families. 23% don’t know about this. 4. 100% people are using concrete toilet daily. 5. 100% People know how to purify water. 3.6.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Separating drinking water from wastewater. 2. Accessing and treating drinking water. 3. Protecting and restoring freshwater ecosystems. 4. Guaranteeing water access and water rights. 5. Cheap water purification methodologies open for all. Graph 26: Equitable Access to safe and Affordable Drinking Water 9% Yes No I don’t Know 91% Have no idea 20 Graph 27: Equitable Sanitation and Hygiene Facilities Yes No I don’t Know 100% Have no idea Graph 28: How to Recycle Water 32% Yes 45% No I don’t Know 23% Have no idea Graph 29: Use of Concrete Toilet Yes No I don’t Know 100% Have no idea 21 Graph 30: How to Purify Water Yes No I don’t Know 100% Have no idea 3.7 Goal 7: Affordable and clean energy Goal 7 states “Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.” Access to affordable, reliable and sustainable energy is crucial to achieving many of the Sustainable Development Goals—from poverty eradication through advancements in health, education, water supply and industrialization to mitigating climate change. Energy access, however, varies widely across countries, and the current rate of progress falls short of what will be required to achieve this Goal. Redoubled efforts will be needed, particularly for countries with large energy access deficits and high energy consumption. 3.7.1 Findings 1. Most of the people are not aware of the green technology. Only 14% have some idea. 2. Nobody uses the green technology in their houses. 3. People are paying high monthly electricity bill. 4. Their opinion is gas is high. 5. Almost all people in Dhaka city use line gas for cooking. 3.7.2 Analysis & Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Ensure that each and every person in the world can access reliable, affordable, and modern 22 energy services. 2. Increase the proportion of renewable energy in the overall global energy mix. 3. Enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology. 4. Expand infrastructure and improve technology for supplying sustainable energy for everyone in developing countries. 5. Double the global rate of energy efficiency improvement. 3.7.3 Survey Statistics Graph 31: Idea of Green Technology 14% Yes 45% No 41% I don’t Know Have no idea Graph 32: Use of Green Technology Yes 50% 50% No I don’t Know Have no idea 23 Graph 33: Monthly Electricity Bill 18% 27% Less than 300 TK 200-500 TK 32% 23% 500-1000 TK Above 1000TK Graph 34: Fuel for Cooking Line gas Cylinder gas wood, coal 100% charcoal or animal waste Electricity Graph 35 Opinion for Price of Gas Rate is high Moderate Low 100% Have no idea 24 3.8 Goal 8: Decent work and economic growth Goal 8 states “Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all.” Sustained and inclusive economic growth is a prerequisite for sustainable development, which can contribute to improved livelihoods for people around the world. Economic growth can lead to new and better employment opportunities and provide greater economic security for all. Moreover, rapid growth, especially among the least developed and developing countries, can help them reduce the wage gap relative to developed countries, thereby diminishing glaring inequalities between the rich and poor. 3.8.1 Findings 1. About 95% people are doing job according to their willingness. Nobody pressurized them. 2. All people are against child labor. 3. In Dhaka city, there is no such case of human trafficking but a very few people are forced for child labor. 4. 77% people are satisfied with their present job. 5. About 50% people are paying house maid taka below 1000BDT 3.8.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Macroeconomic policies that promote job creation and support demand and investment need to be prioritized, along with tax, infrastructure and sector-specific policies that enhance productivity. 2. Policies to support business should be adopted to increase credit flows and promote entrepreneurship and small businesses, while encouraging the transition from the informal to the formal economy. 3. People-centered policies that reduce inequalities must be implemented. These include social protection measures, wage policies, strengthened labor inspection, increased female labor market participation and protecting collective bargaining. 4. Policies need to be put in place to help women enter the labor force and enable them to 25 benefit from fair maternity protection and work–family policies. 3.8.3 Survey Statistics Graph 36: Self-Willingness of Present Job 5% Yes No 95% Graph 37: Opinion for Child labor Stopped Continue 100% Education against of work Graph 38: Victimized for Human Trafficking 4% 5% Yes No Don’t want to disclose 91% Have no idea 26 Graph 39: Happy With Present Job 5% 18% Yes No 77% Don’t want to disclose Have no idea Graph 40: Monthly Payment of House Maid 17% Less than 1000 BDT 50% 1000-2000 BDT 33% 2000-3000 BDT Above 3000 BDT 3.9 Goal 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructure Goal 9 states “Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation.” Sustainable Development Goal 9 addresses three important aspects of sustainable development: infrastructure, industrialization and innovation. Infrastructure provides the basic physical facilities essential to business and society; industrialization drives economic growth and job creation, thereby reducing income inequality; and innovation expands the technological capabilities of industrial sectors and leads to the development of new skills. 27 3.9.1 Findings 1. About 36% people use internet daily. 2. Those who are using internet their internet bill is less than 500 Taka per month. 3. 64% people are using smart phone. 4. A very few people have access in scientific journal. 5. Most of the people are browsing entertainment sites using internet. 3.9.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Encourage people to get connected with internet all the time. Initiatives to make it free for all. 2. Formation of national innovation center. 3. Emphasis on foreign investment on technological industries. 4. Government should patronize different innovative research firms. 5. Introduce scholarship upon innovations. 3.9.3 Survey Statistics Graph 41: Daily Internet Use 36% 64% Yes No Don’t want to disclose Have no idea 28 Graph 42: Monthly Bill for Internet 18% Less than 500 Tk 9% 500 to 1000 Tk 73% Above 1000 Tk No use Graph 43: Use of Smartphone 27% Yes 9% 64% No Don’t want to disclose Have no idea Graph 44: Access in Scientific Journal 9% 27% 64% Yes No Don’t want to disclose Have no idea 29 Graph 45: Site Visit Using Internet 4% Academic 55% 41% Entertainment Don’t want to disclose No use 3.10 Goal 10: Reduced inequalities Goal 10 states “Reduce inequality within and among countries.” It calls for reducing inequalities in income, as well as those based on sex, age, disability, race, class, ethnicity, religion and opportunity—both within and among countries. World leaders recognized the positive contribution of international migration to inclusive growth and sustainable development, while acknowledging that it demands coherent and comprehensive responses. Accordingly, they committed to cooperate internationally to ensure safe, orderly and regular migration. The Goal also addresses issues related to representation of developing countries in global decision-making and development assistance. Income of a group of people is same. 3.10.1 Findings 1. 59% people agreed for same income of a group of people. 2. 73% people agreed for same asset of a group of people. 3. 95% people says that the economic growth will be increased if the Physically Challenged People work in the company. 4. Most of the people says that government involvement is a must to reduce inequality Social security in economic development. 5. 100% people agreed that economic development can be ensured by implementing social security system. 30 3.10.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Stop Illicit Outflows. 2. Progressive Income Tax. 3. Enforce a Living Wage. 4. Workers’ Right to Organize. 5. Stop Other Labor Abuses. 3.10.3 Survey Statistics Graph 46: Same Income of a Group of People 23% Agree 18% 59% Disagree Have no idea Graph 47: Same Asset of a Group of People is Same 27% Agree 73% Disagree Have no idea 31 Graph 48: Physically Challenged People in Work Place 5% Agree Disagree Have no idea 95% Graph 49: Government Evolvement to Reduce Inequalities 23% Agree 4% 73% Disagree Have no idea Graph 50: Social Security in Economic Development Agree Disagree 100% Have no idea 32 3.11. Goal 11: Sustainable cities and communities Goal 11, “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.” Today, more than half the world’s population live in cities. By 2030, it is projected that 6 in 10 people will be urban dwellers. Despite numerous planning challenges, cities offer more efficient economies of scale on many levels, including the provision of goods, services and transportation. With sound, risk-informed planning and management, cities can become incubators for innovation and growth and drivers of sustainable development. 3.11.1 Findings 1. About 87% people are living in commercial area. 2. Those who are residing in the residential area they say that their area is not well planned for future expansion. 3. Dhaka city is not well plan for expansion most of the people added and many people have no idea regarding this. 4. About 86% people agreed that people are supportive around them. 5. Almost no people are involved in social welfare group. 3.11.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Improve mass transit. 2. Make buildings more efficient. 3. Preservation of historic and natural assets. 4. Boost clean energy. 5. Upgrade power infrastructure. 33 3.11.3 Survey Statistics Graph 51: Residing Area 9% 4% Residential area Commercial area Industrial area 87% slums Graph 52: Well Plan for Residential Area Expansion 5% 9% 9% Yes No Partial 77% Have no idea I don’t know Graph 53: City Well Plan for Expansion 36% 41% Yes No Partial 23% Have no idea I don’t know 34 Graph 54: Supportive People 14% Yes No Partial 86% Have no idea I don’t know Graph 55: Involvement in Social Welfare Group Yes No Partial 100% Have no idea I don’t know 3.12 Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production Patterns Sustainable growth and development requires minimizing the natural resources and toxic materials used, and the waste and pollutants generated, throughout the entire production and consumption process. Sustainable Development Goal 12 encourages more sustainable consumption and production patterns through various measures, including specific policies and international agreements on the management of materials that are toxic to the environment. 35 3.12.1 Findings 1. 95% people use sunlight in their house. 2. Only 32% people are capturing rain water for future use. 3. About 50% people are not wasting any food daily but a few are wasting food daily whose monetary value is less than 50 Taka. 4. Most of the people are not using laptop. 5 % use 2 hours daily and 9% use 3 hrs on an average daily. 5. Recycling the daily waste, we can save our natural resources, added 100% 3.12.2 Analysis and Recommendations 1. Proper utilization of natural energy. 2. Ensure Proper waste management. 3. Proper Transportation management. 4. Consuming healthy food. 5. Tourism. 3.12.3 Survey Statistics Graph 56: Use of Sunlight in House 5% Yes No Partial 95% Have no idea 36 Graph 57: Recycle the Daily Waste Yes No Partial 100% Have no idea Graph 58: Capture Rain Water For Future Use 32% Yes No 68% Partial Have no idea Graph 59: Monetary Value of Waste Food in a Day 45% 50% 0<50 TK 50-150 TK 150-300 TK 5% No Waste TK 37 Graph 60: Hourly Laptop Use in a Day 9% 5% ~2 Hour ~3 Hour ~6 Hour 86% No Use 3.13 Goal 13: Climate action “Goal 13 states Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.” Climate change presents the single biggest threat to development, and its widespread, unprecedented effects disproportionately burden the poorest and the most vulnerable. Goal 13 calls for urgent action not only to combat climate change and its impacts, but also to build resilience in responding to climate-related hazards and natural disasters. 3.13.1 Findings: 1. 91% people are aware of the earthquake. 2. About 84% have no training on earthquake. 3. 91% people say that during earthquake they will stay the same place. And a very few people added to run. 4. There is no such awareness program regarding earthquake in TV. 5. Almost all people experienced earthquake in the Dhaka city. 3.13.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Ensure training programme to the mass people to face earthquake bravely. 3. Safe shelter preparation far from the earthquake active zone. 38 2. Awareness programmes in social and electronic media. 4. Building inspection by the government to certify for living 5. Enough reservation for medicine and rescue team. 3.13.3 Survey Statistics Graph 61: Awareness of Earthquake 5% 4% Yes No Partial 91% Have no idea Graph 62: Training on Earthquake 18% Yes No 82% Partial Have no idea 39 Graph 63: Movement During Sudden Earthquake 4% 5% Run Stay there Jump 91% Have no idea Graph 64: Awareness Program in TV Yes No Partial 100% Have no idea Graph 65: Earthquake Experienced 19% 1 time 2 times 81% 3 times Avove3 40 3.14 Goal 14: Life below water Goal 14 states Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. Oceans, seas and other marine resources are essential to human wellbeing and social and economic development worldwide. Their conservation and sustainable use are central to achieving the 2030 Agenda, especially for Small Island developing States. Marine resources are particularly important for people living in coastal communities, who represented 37 per cent of the world's population in 2010. Oceans provide livelihoods, subsistence and benefits from fisheries, tourism and other sectors. They also help regulate the global ecosystem by absorbing heat and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. However, oceans and coastal areas are extremely vulnerable to environmental degradation, overfishing, climate change and pollution. 3.14.1 Findings 1. 77% people believe that sea will be a potential source of protein. 2. To improve marine fisheries 91% added government involvement is a must. 3. 95% people say sea will a potential source of income. 4. Almost none graduates from the marine fisheries in their families. 5. 55% people have no idea how to prevent ocean from pollution. 3.14.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Reduce Acidification. 2. Stop Overfishing. 3. Much waste dumping Waste in the ocean. 4. Make Safe, Sustainable Seafood Choices. 5. Use Fewer Plastic Product. 41 3.14.3 Survey Statistics Graph 66: Ocean Save Prevent Pollution 9% Reducing acidification 55% 36% Prevent marine debris and nutrient All three means Have no idea Graph 67: Sea Potential Source of Protein 18% 5% Yes No 77% Have no idea Graph 68: Government Emphasis on Marine Fisheries 9% Yes No Moderate 91% Have no idea 42 Graph 69: Sea Potential Source of Income 5% Yes No Moderate 95% Have no idea Graph 70: Any Family Member of Marine Fisheries 1 person 2 person Above 2 person 100% None 43 3.15 Goal 15: Life on land Goal 15, Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss Preserving diverse forms of life on land requires targeted efforts to protect, restore and promote the conservation and sustainable use of terrestrial and other ecosystems. Goal 15 focuses specifically on managing forests sustainably, halting and reversing land and natural habitat degradation, successfully combating desertification and stopping biodiversity loss. All these efforts combined aim to ensure that the benefits of land-based ecosystems, including sustainable livelihoods, will be enjoyed for generations to come. 3.15.1 Findings 1. Almost all people planted tree by their hands. 2. On an average people planted 5 to 10 tress in their life. 3. A few people have animal in their houses. 4. 100% people visited botanical garden. 5. 100% people say that sustainable energy can be ensured using lifes on land. 3.15.2 Analysis and Recommendation In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Ensure green wherever we see in our around 2. Promote sustainable management of forests, stop deforestation 3. Fight desertification, restore damaged soil and land, including land ravaged by floods, drought and desertification 4. Significantly increase and mobilize financial resource to ensure the sustainable use and conservation of ecosystems and biodiversity 5. Keep our wild animals safe 44 3.15.3 Survey Statistics Graph 71: Tree Plantation by Hands Yes No 100% Graph 72: Number of Trees Planted 4% 23% 1 5 73% 10 Above 10 Graph 73: Animal in House 14% Yes No 86% 45 Graph 74: Dhaka Botanical Garden Visit Yes No 100% Graph 75: Sustainable Energy Using Life’s on Land Yes No 100% 46 3.16 Goal 16: Peace, justice and strong institutions Goal 16 states “Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.” Central to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is the need to promote peaceful and inclusive societies based on respect for human rights, the rule of law and transparent, effective and accountable institutions. A number of regions have enjoyed increased and sustained levels of peace and security in recent decades. But many countries still face protracted violence and armed conflict, and far too many people are poorly supported by weak institutions and lack access to justice, information and other fundamental freedoms. Efforts are under way to make national and international institutions more effective, inclusive and transparent. Today, more than half the world has internationally recognized human rights institutions. However, significant challenges remain, including lack of data on various forms of violence against children and other vulnerable groups, access to justice and public access to information. 3.16.1 Findings: 1. Only 23% people are aware of the national & international law. 2. 100% people are free from corruptions. 3. 82% people say that they are getting justice all the time. 4. Almost no people tortured their house maid. 5. 86% people are passing life peacefully in the society. 3.16.2 Analysis and Recommendations In order to achieve the SDGs by 2030, we should give more emphasis on the following recommendations. 1. Ensure 100% security and no violence. 2. Ensure Justice for all. 3. Ensure every government and non-government process biased free. 4. Ensure accountability at all stages. 5. Make people patriotic. 47 3.16.3 Survey Statistics Graph 76: Awareness of National and International Law 14% 23% Yes No Moderate 63% Have no idea Graph 77: Committed Corruptions Yes No Moderate 100% Have no idea Graph 78: Getting Justice 14% 4% Yes No 82% Moderate Have no idea 48 Graph 79: House Maid Torture Yes No Don’t want to disclose 100% Have no idea Graph 80: Passing Life Peacefully 14% Yes No Moderate 86% Have no idea 49 Chapter 4 [Conclusion] 4.1 Conclusion The SDGs are a welcome and ambitious vision for the world. This report provides a better understanding of where we’re heading and a sense of what may actually be possible. Projections brought together here reveal current progress and paint a picture of how much extra effort will be needed to achieve each goal reviewed. Such an understanding, and a greater focus on the level and nature of transformative action needed, could go some way to seeing the predicted grades in our scorecard substantially lifted. Achieving the goals will demand much, much more than efforts currently underway. Projections shown in this paper illustrate that the goals will not be met unless more attention is paid to – and more action delivered for – implementation. Following the SDGs’ formal endorsement at the UN General Assembly in September 2015, governments, global institutions, the private sector, civil society and citizens need to move quickly from setting goals toward planning for their achievement. Bangladesh has achieved significant progress in respect of all three pillars of sustainable development, especially the social front. However, with the climate change intensifying and the country being at the forefront of climate change impacts, there are formidable challenges to contend with in future. Bangladesh is fully committed to pursuing sustainable development, seeking to establish and maintain economic vibrancy, social equity and inclusiveness, human dignity for all, and a healthy environment and a sound natural resource base. However, given its resource limitations, the country needs finance and technology transfer as well as capacity enhancement support, consistent with the properly defined tasks that it will take to move steadfastly towards the goal of sustainable development by 2030. The global community has adopted the new 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, encompassing 17 universal and transformative goals and 169 targets. With the global commitment of leaving no one behind, the 2030 Agenda aimed at ending poverty and hunger, attaining gender equality, fighting inequality and tackling climate change to protect the earth. connection Bangladesh did really well. To overcome the challenges a few suggestions which 50 Out of the 17 goals, the first 7 goals represent the unfinished agenda of MDGs and in this included technical support for preparing and monitoring the reports on SDG implementation process, support for developing the capacity of the civil servants, support for public research on SDG implementation in next 15 years, creation of greater opportunities for on- job training and classroom -based training, advancement of monitoring and evaluation process, institutional reforms for the Ministries/Divisions and implementing agencies to accelerate the SDG initiatives in Bangladesh. Key observations upon SDGs in Bangladesh. 1. Goal 5 of SDG to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls is a logical goal. Gender equality is the core of SDGs. The issue of women is crosscutting among all the goals. Without achieving this goal, it is not possible to reach SDGs. 2. Women empowerment is not a static concept. It has been changing over time. However, it is possible to measure the targets of Goal 5 3. To implement all the goals of Agenda 2030, is not an easy job; it is also very challenging for Bangladesh which requires internal as well as external resources 4. The issue of elderly people was not emphasized enough in SDGs like women and children issue 51 References Articles 1. Debapriya bhattacharya, towfiqul islam Khan, umme shefa rezbana , lam-ya mostaque. moving forward with the sDGs , Implementation challenges in developing countries, July 2016. 2. UN. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations, New York; 2015https://sustainabledevel%20opment.un.org/post2015transformingour%20world. ((Accessed Sept 18, 2016).) 3. Akhtar, s. (2015): Transformation for SDG Implementation in Asia and the Pacific. Speech delivered at the session on ‚Post-2015 Sustainable Development Agenda, Sustainable Development Goals & Environmental Sustainability in Asia-Pacific ‘during the First Forum of Ministers and Environmental Authorities of Asia Pacific in Bangkok, Thailand. Available at http://www.unescap.org/speeches/transformation-sdg- implementation-asia-and-pacific (accessed on 25 October 2015). Reports 1. Sustainable Development in the Least Developed Countries, Towards 2030 2. Rio + 20:National Report on Sustainable Development Goals (Bangladesh) 3. The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2016 4. Implementing Sustainable Development Goals Report Bangladesh 5. Seminar on Implementing SDGs in Bangladesh: Challenges and Policy Options Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies (BIISS) Books 1. Essentials of Business Communication by Mary Ellen Guffey Dana Loewy. Websites 1. www.undp.org 3. www.cpd.org.bd 52 2. www.un.org List of Graphs Sl. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Goal 1 Goal2 Goal 3 Goal 4 Goal 5 Goal 6 Goal 7 Goal 8 Graph Number Graph 1 Graph 2 Graph 3 Graph 4 Graph 5 Graph 6 Graph 7 Graph 8 Graph 9 Graph 10 Graph 11 Graph 12 Graph 13 Graph 14 Graph 15 Graph 16 Graph 17 Graph 18 Graph 19 Graph 20 Graph 21 Graph 22 Graph 23 Graph 24 Graph 25 Graph 26 Graph 27 Graph 28 Graph 29 Graph 30 Graph 31 Graph 32 Graph 33 Graph 34 Graph 35 Graph 36 Graph 37 Graph 38 Graph 39 Title Daily Income Opinion upon Social Protection System Natural Shocks or Disasters Handling Capability Awareness of Social Rights Hospital Preference Hygienic Food Consumption Pure Water Drinking Nutritious Food Consumption Over the Year Meals per Day Daily Calorie Maternal Death Over the last Two Years Neonatal Death Over the last Two Years Accidental Death Over the last Two Years Free Medicine and Vaccine Illness from Environment Pollution Free Primary and Secondary Education Children Pre Schooling Preference of Education Public Opinion for Employment Opinion for Higher Education Basic Rights Deprived for Female Females Participating in Decision Making Aware of Economic Rights Opinion for Female Empowerment Same Ratio of Male and Female in Work Place Equitable Access to safe and Affordable Drinking Water Equitable Sanitation and Hygiene Facilities How to Recycle Water Use of Concrete Toilet How to Purify Water Idea of Green Technology Use of Green Technology Monthly Electricity Bill Fuel for Cooking Opinion for Price of Gas Self-Willingness of Present Job Opinion for Child labor Victimized for Human Trafficking Happy With Present Job 53 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 SDG Goals 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Goal 9 Goal 10 Goal 11 Goal 12 Goal 13 Goal 14 Goal 15 Goal 16 Survey Questionnaires Monthly Payment of House Maid Daily Internet Use Monthly Bill for Internet Use of Smartphone Access in Scientific Journal Site Visit Using Internet Same Income of a Group of People Same Asset of a Group of People is Same Physically Challenged People in Work Place Government Evolvement to Reduce Inequalities Social Security in Economic Development Residing Area Well Plan for Residential Area Expansion City Well Plan for Expansion Supportive People Involvement in Social Welfare Group Use of Sunlight in House Recycle the Daily Waste Capture Rain Water For Future Use Monetary Value of Waste Food in a Day Hourly Laptop Use in a Day Awareness of Earthquake Training on Earthquake Movement During Sudden Earthquake Awareness Program in TV Earthquake Experienced Ocean Save Sea Potential Source of Protein Government Emphasis on Marine Fisheries Sea Potential Source of Income Any Family Member of Marine Fisheries Tree Plantation by Hands Number of Trees Planted Animal in House Dhaka Botanical Garden Visit Sustainable Energy Using Life’s on Land Awareness of National and International Law Committed Corruptions Getting Justice House Maid Torture Passing Life Peacefully 54 Appendix 1 Graph 40 Graph 41 Graph 42 Graph 43 Graph 44 Graph 45 Graph 46 Graph 47 Graph 48 Graph 49 Graph 50 Graph 51 Graph 52 Graph 53 Graph 54 Graph 55 Graph 56 Graph 57 Graph 58 Graph 59 Graph 60 Graph 61 Graph 62 Graph 63 Graph 64 Graph 65 Graph 66 Graph 67 Graph 68 Graph 69 Graph 70 Graph 71 Graph 72 Graph 73 Graph 74 Graph 75 Graph 76 Graph 77 Graph 78 Graph 79 Graph 80 Survey Questions Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Survey in Dhaka City Personal Information Provide the following information. First Name Last Name Gender Age Occupation City State ZIP Code Email Phone Goal 1: No Poverty Q 1. What is your daily income in BDT? A) Less than 50 B) In between 50 to 100 C) In between 150 to 200 D) In between 200 to 500 E) Above 500 Q 2. Are you satisfied with your social protection system? A) Over satisfied idea B) Satisfied C) Moderate D) Dissatisfied Q3. Are you ready to face any natural shocks or disasters? A) Yes B) No C) Have no idea Q4. Are you aware of your basic rights for health & education services to the society/state? A) Yes B) No C) Have no idea Q5. Which treatment you prefer most? A) Government hospitals B) Private clinics Goal 2: End Hunger Q1. Are you consuming hygienic foods daily? B) Yes B) No C) I don’t know Page 1 of 10 C) Have no idea E) Have no Q2. Are you drinking pure water all the time? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q3. Are you enjoying nutritious and sufficient food all the year round? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q4. How many times you have your meals in a day? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 C) More than 3 Q5. How much calorie are you consuming daily? A) 1000 B) 1500 C) 3000 Page 2 of 10 E) Have no idea F) I don’t know Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages Q1. Any maternal death in your family over the last five years? A) 1 B) 2 C) Above 2 D) None Q2. Any neonatal death in your family over the last five years? A) 1 B) 2 C) Above 2 D) None Q3. Has anyone died in your family over the last two years during accidents? A) 1 B) 2 C) Above 2 C) None Q4. Are you enjoying medicines and vaccines freely? A) Yes C) I don’t know B) No C) Have no idea Q5. Any illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Goal 4: Quality education Q1. Are your children enjoying free primary and secondary education? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q2. Do you ensure pre schooling for your children before entering into primary school? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q3. Which education you prefer most? A) Vocational & Technical Training education B) Polytechnic & Skill Oriented C) Colleges & university Q4. What you like to be? A) Entrepreneur B) Employee Q5. What is your opinion for higher education? A) Only male should enter enter B) Only female should enter Page 3 of 10 C) Both male & female should Goal 5: Gender equality Q1. In our country females are deprived to the basic rights. Do you agree? A) Agree B) Disagree C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q2. In our country all females are participating in decision-making in political, economic and public life. Do you agree? A) Agree B) Disagree C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q3. In our country all equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in accordance with national laws. Do you agree? A) Agree B) Disagree C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q4. Do you agree to promote women empowerment? A) Agree B) Disagree C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q5. In your office ratio of male and female employees are equal? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation Q1. Do you have equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q2. Do you have adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene facilities? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea C) I don’t know C) Have no idea C) I don’t know C) Have no idea C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q3. Do you know how to recycle water? A) Yes B) No Q4. Do you use concrete toilet daily? A) Yes B) No Q5. Do you know how to purify water? A) Yes B) No Page 4 of 10 Goal 7: Affordable and clean energy Q1. Do you have any idea of green technology? A) Yes B) No C) I don’t know C) Have no idea Q2. Do you use green technology in your home? A) Yes C) I don’t know B) No C) Have no idea Q3. What is your monthly electricity bill in BDT? A) Less than 300 B) 200-500 C) 500-1000 C) Above 1000 Q4. What you use in your house? A) Line gas Electricity B) Cylinder gas C) wood, coal C) charcoal or animal waste D) Q5. What is your opinion regarding the line gas of Dhaka city in terms of monetary value? A) Rate is high B) Moderate C) Low D) Have no idea Goal 8: Decent work and economic growth Q1. Are you forced to do your present job? A) Yes B) No Q2. What do you think about child labor? A) Stopped B) Continue c) Education against of work Q3. Have you ever victimized for human trafficking like forced labor, sexual slavery, or commercial sexual exploitation? A) Yes B) No c) Don’t want to disclose D) Have no idea Q4. Are you happy with your present job? A) Yes B) No c) Don’t want to disclose D) Have no idea Q5. Do you pay your regular tax? A) Yes B) No c) Don’t want to disclose Page 5 of 10 D) Have no idea Goal 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructure Q1. Do you use internet daily? A) Yes B) No c) Don’t want to disclose D) Have no idea Q2. How much do you pay for internet monthly in BDT? A) Less than 500 B) 500 to 1000 c) Above 1000 D) Have no idea Q3. Do you use smartphones? A) Yes B) No c) Don’t want to disclose D) Have no idea Q4. Do you have free access to any scientific research journal? A) Yes B) No c) Don’t want to disclose D) Have no idea Q5. Which site you visit more using internet? A) Academic B) Entertainment c) Don’t want to disclose D) Have no idea Goal 10: Reduced inequalities Q1. What do you think if the income of a group of people is same? Will it help for economic development? A) Agree B) Disagree D) Have no idea Q2. What do you think if the asset of a group of people is same? Will it help for economic development? A) Agree B) Disagree D) Have no idea Q3. What do you think if the physically challenged people? Will it help for economic development? A) Agree B) Disagree D) Have no idea Q4. What do you think to ensure reduced inequalities; involvement of government is a must? A) Agree B) Disagree D) Have no idea Q5. What do you think if social security for all people? Will it help for economic development? A) Agree B) Disagree D) Have no idea Page 6 of 10 Goal 11: Sustainable cities and communities Q1. Where do you live? A) Residential area B) Commercial area c) Industrial area D) slums Q2. Is your living area developed in a well plan for expansion? A) Yes B) No D) Have no idea E) I don’t know c) Partial Q3. Is your city developed in a well plan for expansion? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea E) I don’t know Q4. Are the people in your surroundings supportive & cooperative? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea E) I don’t know Q5. Are you involved in any social welfare volunteer groups? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea E) I don’t know Goal 12: Responsible consumption and production Q1. Do you use sun light in your house? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea Q2. Do you agree that through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse recycle your daily waste like, papers and dups? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea Q3. Do you capture rain water for future use? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea Q4. Monetary value of your daily waste food in BDT? A) 0<50 B) 50-150 c) 150-300 D) No waste Q5. How long you work in laptop or computer daily in hour? A) Less than 1 B) 1-2 c) 3-6 D) No use Page 7 of 10 Goal 13: Climate action Q1. Are you aware of the suspected earthquake in Dhaka city? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea Q2. Do you have training if there is a sudden earthquake in Dhaka city? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea Q3. What will you do if there is a sudden earthquake in Dhaka city? A) Run B) Stay there c) Jump D) Have no idea Q4. Is there any awareness program in social and electronic media regarding earthquake? A) Yes B) No c) Partial D) Have no idea Q5. How many times you experienced earthquake in Dhaka city? B) 1 B) 2 c) 3 D) Above 3 Q6. What did you do when you experienced earthquake in Dhaka city? A) Run B) Stay there c) Jump D) Others Goal 14: Life below Water Q1. How can we save our oceans? A) Prevent Pollution B) Reducing acidification nutrient D) All A, B , C D) Have no idea c) Prevent marine debris and Q2. In future sea will be a potential source of protein. Do you believe? A) yes B) no c) moderate D) Have no idea Q3. Should government give emphasis on marine fisheries? A) yes B) no c) moderate D) Have no idea Q4. Should government give fund on research to utilize sea a prime source of income? A) yes B) no c) moderate D) Have no idea Q5. Do you have any family members who graduates from marine fisheries or fisheries? A) 1 B) 2 c) none D) above 2 Page 8 of 10 Q6. If you are given stipend to read/get trained in marine fisheries or fisheries, will you avail the scope? A) yes B) no c) moderate D) Have no idea Goal 15: Life on land Q1. Have you ever planted a tree by your hands? A) yes B) no Q2. How many trees have you planted? A) 1 B) 2 c) 3-5 D) above 5 Q3. Do you have any domestic animal? A) yes B) no Q4. Have you ever visited the Dhaka botanical garden and zoo? A) yes B) no Q5. Do you have any idea regarding sustainable energy utilizing the lifes on land? A) yes B) no Goal 16: Peace, justice and strong institutions Q1. Are you aware of the rules of law at the national and international levels? A) yes B) no c) moderate D) Have no idea Q2. Have you ever committed bribery? A) yes B) no c) don’t want to disclose D) Have no idea Q3. Have you ever helped to commit corruption? A) yes B) no c) don’t want to disclose D) Have no idea Q4. Are we getting justice all the time all around? A) yes B) no c) moderate D) Have no idea Q5. Have you ever tortured your house maids? A) yes B) no c) don’t want to disclose Page 9 of 10 D) Have no idea Q6. Are you leading life peacefully in your society? A) yes B) no c) moderate D) Have no idea Page 10 of 10