The Impact of Globalization on Human Resource Management

Online Access: www.absronline.org/journals Euro-Asian Journal of Economics and Finance Volume 4, Issue 1 Pages: 20-26 January 2016 e-ISSN: 2310-4929 p-ISSN: 2310-0184 The Impact of Globalization on Human Resource Management Ramezan Jahanian 1. Associate Professor, Faculty of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran. With the beginning of the third millennium, the economic crisis is more pronounced and the role of human resources human resources management in organizations that are faced with several challenges including globalization can be named. The era of globalization that we are now a lot of impact on the Organization and its relationships with and achieve the purposes of the Organization must be human resources management is also considering changes to the current community with new and modified methods with respect to human resources management and the role of its communications operations. This phenomenon challenges and conflicts, and can cause a massive transformation in the field of human resources management. In this article while not familiar with the concepts of globalization and human resource management challenges that their human resources and managers as well as human resources managers faced investigation and capacity building in this area. Keywords: Globalization, Human Resource, Management INTRODUCTION In line with the globalization paradigm of thought or pattern of course economic development stressed in terms of competition, six major transformations in the world has happened: (1) The economic growth has been less competitive and challenging race. (2) More intense (3) Career opportunity within the Organization's hierarchy dropped (4) Salary increment diluted (5) Of job security to employees transferred (6) Expect more work more desirable quality is increased. (Mirsepasi, 2013, p10) Globalization of all relations of countries and Governments have changed and with a high speed links between human cultures and societies. Globalization is a multi-dimensional process and due to the changes in the world of e-commerce, the role of the human resources unit should also be changed. In the world of human resources current are expected to follow the Organization's value, not just the cost to create organization. The oven come changing needs of a growing globalization of intellectual about the role and human resource management tools. In the present age human identity is no longer under the influence of the social structure of the society and not a constant, but also has a social identity in the international arena. The most important challenge arising from the phenomenon of globalization breaks down the existing templates. Detachment of the emergence *Corresponding author: Ramezan Jahanian, Associate Professor, Faculty of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran. E-Mail: [email protected] 20 Euro-Asian j. econ. financ. ISSN: 2310-0184 (print); 2310-4929 (online) Volume: 4, Issue: 1, Pages: 20-26 of monopolies and the intense competitive environment globally and all the social systems for the continuation of its presence in the international arena will be inevitable in order to provide the requirements necessary to become competitive and gain a competitive edge. (Hamidi, Sarfarazi, 2011, p2) A lot of writers in the era of globalization features of such concepts as information revolution, global village, world time and space compression, expansion of consciousness, the end of geography and ...The tabloid. (Hamidi, sarfarazi, 2011 ,1390 p1). Based on the feedback of the human resource manager of the 3000 queue manager and 12 different countries, international competition, the most important factor is effective human resource managment in this survey, the globalization of business structures and economic globalization becoming the fourth and 5th positions respectively. (Sanei, 2004, p2) THE CONCEPTS OF GLOBALIZATION Many theorists to explain the new social and economic process of the concept of globalization. Globalization theory advocates believe with iron wall crumble at the territory of the former Soviet Union and other Eastern bloc Nations capable of articulating the State element for future international developments. Therefore, should the new pattern and model based on the theory of the global developments (globalization) is analyzed. (gharib, 2001, p56) Depends on the definition of globalization Mac Anthony says: on the globalization of human pattern of various activities towards regional and continental arrived between the moves. He believes globalization in all spheres of modern life in different dimensions and updated. Hence the globalization is a multi-dimensional process. (MacGrove, 1995, p7) A long standing track record of global whole. The discussion about globalization meant the start of the Decade and its transparent macroeconomic twentieth century vogue. Globalization in the conceptual and functional changes with the passing of time .So that the purely economic dimension behind and into areas such as politics, power, technology, communications, information, sociological and psychological issues are also.(Sajadi, 2003, p114) THE VARIOUS GLOBALIZATION DIMENSIONS OF The Economic Dimension Global financial structure, the supply of credit system of production and trade of goods and services as well as supply and time transform. Operations of credits are often used in communities and territories of countries took place, but now other countries are autonomous and are part of a massive system to that of the preeminent fluctuations it is vulnerable. The most tangible economy and globalization is the most encompassing territory in everyone's mentality. (Korea, 2000, p24) The Political Dimension Indicators such as protection of human rights and individual freedoms, sustainable development, the defense of the people and civil institutions and the expansion of democratic methods of governance are important issues in the area, including the communities of political globalization. (Sariolghalam, 2001, p25) Cultural Dimension The previous trend of globalization has been the result of two cultures and the increasing development of the media and a variety of programs offered by global networks to increase the cultural convergence, has helped change the productive relations of trade freedom. at the level of communities and consequently also will change cultural values. The span of the same cultural sphere, the concept of dissemination of similar values for the evaluation and assessment of cultural dominance leads to ‫محققا‬, which is the standard values that have come within its community growth and development ‫یافتهاند‬. On the basis of the national identity, globalization will erode, because the demand unification of indigenous and local cultures and integration of cultures in the world-dominating culture (Dehshiri,2000, p73). 21 Euro-Asian j. econ. financ. ISSN: 2310-0184 (print); 2310-4929 (online) Volume: 4, Issue: 1, Pages: 20-26 Legal Dimension Intrusions and extensive capital mobility, permeability and the progress of information and communication technologies, and on the other hand the lack of Government control, causing the expansion of the professional criminal organizations.(Hamidi,sarfarazi,2011,p15) Social Dimension Globalization, their specific influences on the social life of different communities. Social imperfections of globalization includes two events: one of the effects of competition between developed countries to attract foreign investment and immigration from other people to other countries that it migrating can be many social problems for the host country and its people.(Hamidi, sarfarazi, 2011, p16) HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Human resources to understand the importance of an organization that is organized according to client excellence, entrepreneurship, quality and the like form and meaning. (Hashemipour, pour Aminzad, 2011, p6) Human resources management focused on policies, measures and systems that affect the behavior, mentality and employee performance. (Neo, 2000, p30) HUMAN RESOURCES OBJECTIVES MANAGEMENT All human resources management activities to achieve the following goals: productivity-job satisfaction – improve the quality of working life – increased motivation – the basic goals of human resources management goals of the organization. the achievement of the desired results of the collective efforts of the staff of the organization is fundamental to the goals of the organization can be organized.(Doaee, 1998, p9) Human resources unit is now expected to follow the value to the Organization, not merely a cost for organizations to create organizational success in Ehrlich. "Human resource module of four practices has to offer: (1) With senior managers and the aisles in order to transfer the planning undertaken to scope of practice. (2) In order to create efficiency to reduce costs and maintain the quality of the human resources branch should be specialized and organized work accordingly. (3) To become an able Defense for employees, while contributing to increasing staff, especially commitment and their ability to create results. (4) Human resources managers must change in order to change the operating role and reform processes and improving organizational capacity they played.( Ulrich, 1998, p124) Globalization of Human Resources Management Human resource management consists of two areas: (1) Staff management (2) Developmental tasks. Rapidly changing international environment. There is nothing fixed. The factors that had led to the success of yesterday, tomorrow's world may cause failure. The current leaders of the need to create a new management models, the responsible has a double responsibility, because a lot of the assumptions that were in accordance with the Act, they are becoming obsolete. International competition and the need for an efficient business in the field of transnational made up of many organizations and Governments the world over to cultural changes and influenced by the attitude of attention. Rapid technology changes cause a change in the time dimension as well. The speed and quality of meet the needs of global customers, much as the next winner on set in the realm of Commerce, Affected. Technological progress of technology on a global basis than any human in history periods. Globalization refers to the acceptance of cultural diversity that this tip on 22 Euro-Asian j. econ. financ. ISSN: 2310-0184 (print); 2310-4929 (online) Volume: 4, Issue: 1, Pages: 20-26 style affects management, competitive benefits global companies and is also getting theoretical though are efficient at the same time, using inconsistent management advanced theories estimate will reach seem, but an efficient managerial attitudes find cause. (Doaee, 2005, p85) Global human resources management and training for the management of strategic and operational staff contradictions, as well as for those who have the ability to manage a variety of cultures, provide an organized format. The development and management of global enterprise, the development of management staff in the world think they can and action, those who are equally memorable, global skills, are global. The process of globalization requires increasing the role of the intellectual tools to change human resources management in the public sector. (Hamidi, sarfarazi, 2011, p20) Opportunity or threat of globalization to be greatly to the capabilities and capacities of different groups and cultures, countries and different groups in making efficient programs, policies, and depends on behavior.(Kiani, 2001, p97) THE CHANGING RESOURCES ROLE OF HUMAN The role of the human resources unit according to the changes you mentioned should be changed. Human resources as in the past, mechanical factors were considered, but in the last twenty years the importance of a good work force, flexible, and subtly evoked. more advanced human resources units may be just the employee, Department of education and development programs designed to increase the diversity of creativity in monitoring market. but professional managers need to reload Human resources and reshaping with the operational managers have a partnership and committed to them.(barghi, peydayi, 2008, p16) When Microsoft's market value in January 1992 on the company premises, the New York Times GM wrote only capital the Institute gives the power of imagination and creativity. And it means that new forms of information and intelligence and the creation of wealth, property and the economy in the future less on natural resources and abundant labor force has instead relied on informationbased, skilled manpower, the creation of knowledge and its application.(gharib, 2001, p79) Human resource managers must change in order to change the operating role and reform processes and improve the organizational capacity of the play. (kheirandish, afsharnjad, 2003, p15) THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION IN THE REALM OF MANAGEMENT Managers often challenge to balancing the requirements of global thinking and local action are facing people, ideas, products, and information should be in order to meet the needs of the local worldwide are displaced. now is the political position of the variable, the variable exchange rates, world trade and commercial decisions in unfamiliar cultures is logged, and therefore the managers should be based on the needs of your international customers under training. They should be abilities to learn to work with each other in the diversity, complexity and ambiguity around the world upgrade. Human resources in this environment are responsible for a specific task, this task involves ensuring that the issue is whether the policies and practices of human resources is not enough attention to the balance between compatibility and coordination against the recognition of the cultural differences and other disputes can be had.(kheirandish,afsharnjad,2004, p34) Another challenge that administrators face include inadequate wages, increasing employees ' knowledge and skills in the field of IT, too much duplication, lack of funds and a lack of commitment and ethics staff.(Blanchard, 1998, p69) CHALLENGES OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE FIELD OF GLOBALIZATION 1- Change Careers: A kind of transformation and transfer of manufacturing to professional services. The main reason for 23 Euro-Asian j. econ. financ. ISSN: 2310-0184 (print); 2310-4929 (online) Volume: 4, Issue: 1, Pages: 20-26 this change, the emergence of phenomena such as: Internet, computer and information systems. This transformation is due to the higher level of auto factories and workshops, creates a challenge in the field of human resources management. nature of the administrative work, including; delete the control and inspection, reducing dependence on organizational and personnel changes and compatibility matching technology. (Hasani, 2007,p40) 2- Market Competition: The other problem, increasing global competition. This competition will increase the pressure on companies to increase the quality and reduce the price and therefore the necessity of using skilled forces. Racial differences: with the growth of migration to the cities and the diversity of different countries, ethnic groups and people with different cultures, religions and human resource management task is that of these differences to the best use, and prevents the occurrence of age differences, differences in the organization.: due to the higher level of life, life expectancy, as well as in the various communities above, and this leads to people more time to work and retire later. Hence nowadays can be a lot of age diversity organizations view (from the ages of about 20 years to about 65 years). This age difference creates a heterogeneous environment with different norms and behaviors are in the organization. 5- Expect More New: The work force looking for new challenge and solve issues and problems and wants to be more free to explore and innovate and be creative. Their flexibility, accountability and responsibility. They want to work with those leaders that they have to respect it, and they did. Organizations should create structural knowledge workers can get in it and your knowledge to work. The possibility of dialogue between workers and other workers to provide them with a contact. This interaction between the staff knowledge improvement ideas and further growth lead forces (momeni, 2005, p30). 6- Intellectual Capital: The most successful organizations will be those that can manage ability to people with global organizations to attract, nurture and retain. (Hoover,2002, p27) CAPACITY BUILDING 3- The Lack Of Skilled Workforce: Due to the increase in new industries that require higher skills and education with the forces. In today's world, organizations need to keep your organization running reorganization. This more organized for this is flat as possible and costs the reduction that increase or reduce the human work force is itself a challenge for human resources. (Hashemi, pooramin ,2011, p7). 4- Challenges of Changing Technology: Technology development orientation towards artificial intelligence, expert systems, robots, long range, forms the transferor, biotechnology and information technology. This orientation has created challenges for organizations to change the Institutional development, Enterprise, management, technology and culture, abilities, capabilities and skills of individual and double the management system, and these capabilities enables managers to not only manage their current challenges, but also beyond time action. Including capacity building in human resources management are as follows: The use of information technology, promotion of employees certified, impulse using the reward system, the development of knowledge, cultural transformation and innovation, quality management, encompassing global staff, participation in work and reorganize. (Hamidi, sarfarazi, 2011, p32) 24 Euro-Asian j. econ. financ. ISSN: 2310-0184 (print); 2310-4929 (online) Volume: 4, Issue: 1, Pages: 20-26 CONCLUSION REFERENCES According to today's turbulent world, that it is the era of globalization have coined numerous challenges that organizations are exposed to one of the most important of them, the challenge of human resources. Human resources managers to succeed in the arena of globalization requires the adoption of a new approach towards the issues and stories are human resources managers to solve these issues and should seek new ways of the world leaders must be directors. Pushing limitations and threats to have the opportunity to be able to staff for being superior and not just survival, but also speed up innovations develop. Anthony Grew, (1995), the transformation of Democracy, Globalization and Territory all Democracy, pp7-8 So learn and train specialists in international level are one of the greatest challenges in human resources management. Innovation in human resource management is a key tool for capacity building and promoting it in the era of globalization. Therefore, it is recommended that the human resources managers in the field of globalization to the following note: I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Identification of Outer reality business and match the existing human resources with the needs of real activities. Change the administrative role and moving toward becoming a professional human resources management. Increase customer share by way of customer's interests with the interests of the staff link. To help managers of promotion strategy to advance queue features and merits of the human resources. Anatomy and design staff to determine value and ensure the necessary capabilities to employees from their jobs to do. Employing professional staff and knowledge for part-time and full-time. Use of performance management and playing the role of coach to steer employees to achieve the specified serious assaults. 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