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Excavations in 1928 at the Binjai Tamieng shell midden in Northeast Sumatra brought to light a small assemblage of animal-and human remains that has never been studied in detail. The analysis of these Early Holocene finds suggests that besides mollusks and fish, a number of larger vertebrates played a role in the palaeoeconomy of the site. The composition of Binjai Tamieng has a somewhat similar signature to sites from Southern Thailand and Peninsular Ma-laysia. Testudine and artiodactyl remains are predominant in the vertebrate assemblage, while other species such as crocodile and a small cetacean were probably opportunis-tically hunted or scavenged. Animal bone was probably also used for the manufacturing of tools. Javan-and possibly Sumatran rhinoceros are present on the site. A number of human remains show traces of disarticulation and may be indicative of complex funerary rituals or cannibalism .

Malayan Nature Journal, 2023

Renewed surveys focused on Quaternary mammal remains were conducted during the 2019 Batu Caves Scientific Expedition by engaging members from the general public. Survey results added one previously unreported fossil site (Gatal Bawah Cave) and enriched the faunal composition of a Late Pleistocene site (Cistern Cave). An updated faunal list reveals a greater palaeo-diversity of mammals in Batu Caves area than is at present.

TAPROBANICA: The Journal of Asian Biodiversity, 2012

Bulletin of the British Herpetological Society, 1991

Tigerpaper Regional Quarterly Bulletin on Wildlife and National Park Management, 2012

Advisor: P. Durst

Quaternary Science Reviews, 2015

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2011

We undertook a survey of mammal diversity and indigenous knowledge of mammals in Hewa country, in the vicinity of Wanakipa village, Southern Highlands Province, during July 2008. Specimens collected during this survey document the occurrence of 22 mammal species in the immediate area, including one monotreme, 6 marsupials, 7 rodents, and 8 bats. Two species of conservation concern, the Eastern Long-Beaked Echidna Zaglossus bartoni (IUCN Critically Endangered) and Goodfellow's Tree Kangaroo Dendrolagus goodfellowi (IUCN Endangered) were documented by trophy skulls and bones kept by Hewa hunters. Three mammals are apparently reported from Southern Highlands Province for the first time: the bent-wing bat Miniopterus macrocneme, the long-eared bat Nyctophilus microtis, and a rodent species in the Rattus rattus species complex. The presence of this last species, an invasive rodent trapped distant from an immediate village commensal context, provides an interesting indication of recent environmental change in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. Hewa informants convincingly communicated their familiarity with more than 20 additional mammal species, including those restricted to higher elevations than we visited during our survey, including one of special conservation concern, the tree kangaroo Dendrolagus [dorianus] notatus (IUCN Endangered). Hewa folk taxonomy suggests that three tree kangaroo species may occur in the region, one of which may be the Lowland Tree Kangaroo (Dendrolagus spadix) or even a currently undocumented population or unrecognized species. The mammal fauna of Wanakipa appears similar in composition to better surveyed areas of similar elevation situated along the southern margin of the central cordillera in Southern Highlands Province, such as Mt. Sisa and Mt. Bosavi.

Trudy Zoologičeskogo instituta, 2021

The field surveys were conducted in the Maninjau Lake region, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia, in February 2020, mainly on the northeastern slope of the Maninjau caldera at 450-600 m a.s.l. The slopes of the Maninjau caldera are naturally covered by a tropical rainforest that remains quite undisturbed from an altitude of 900 m up to the crater ridge. Natural vegetation of the northern and eastern slopes at altitudes from 450 and 500 to 600 m a.s.l. is replaced by rice plantations or mixed forest gardens. The typical habitat consisted of an evergreen broad-leaved forest on the slopes along a mountain creek and around a waterfall. Herein, we report 11 new species records for the Maninjau caldera; 9 new species records for Agam Regency; 3 new species records for Sumatra and Indonesia and 1 species of Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 new for science. The morphology of rare and poorly known species of the bent toed gecko, Cyrtodactylus agamensis (Bleeker, 1860) is described for the first time. A high diversity of Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 occurs in Indochina and on the Thai-Malay Peninsula (150 species) but only six species in Sumatra. The Malay-Indochinese genus Cnemaspis has a recent spurt of diversity and now reaches eight species in Sumatra and only one species reaches Java. Current gecko diversity in Sumatra comprises 29 species in eight genera. The level of endemism level in geckos is very high and reaches 48%. The herpetofauna of Maninjau Caldera includes 26 amphibian and 46 reptile species. The faunistic core of the West Sumatran herpetofauna consists of Malay-Sundaic, Sumatran endemic, Sunda-Indochinese and widely distributed Oriental elements. The West Sumatran herpetofauna is characterized by the presence of a mutual species with Indochina, Malaysia, east India, Myanmar, the Andaman and Nicobar islands and Sri Lanka, often with disjunction in the huge territory of Indochina; species with continuous distribution from the Indian subcontinent to Papua and Oceania; and generalist species with wide pan-Indopacific distribution.

C is a a t r iv e r C i p a m a l i r i v e r Ci be nd a riv er C ilu nc at ri ve r Cija jaw al rive r Argilaceous marls intercalation with calcareous sandstone, tuffaceous sandstone.

Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 1993

After more than ten years of Thai-French research, the Thai dinosaur record, from the continental rocks of the Khorat Plateau, is, to date, the best in Southeast Asia. The oldest evidence consists of footprints of small dinosaurs from the Middle to Late Jurassic Phra Wihan Formation. ...