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Diabetes melitus adalah penyakit yang diakibatkan oleh peningkatan kadar gula darah akibat kurangnya insulin dan disertai oleh kelainan-kelainan metabolika yang dapat menimbulkan komplikasi. Kekurangan insulin ini merupakan kekurangan insulin absolut atau kekurangan insulin relatif. .Pada umumnya penyakit diabetes ini ditemukan di daerah perkotaan. banyak yang menganggap bahwa penyakit diabetes ini adalah penyakit keturunan padahal dari sejumlah penderita penyakit kencing manis ini sangat sedikit yang tercatat karena disebabkan oleh faktor keturunan.
Es ist der Gang Gottes in der Welt dass der Staat ist. Es ist die Gewalt der sich als Wille verwirklichenden Vernunft. Hegel È innanzitutto una falsa astrazione considerare una nazione, il cui modo di produzione è fondato sul valore, e per dipiù organizzata capitalisticamente, come un corpo collettivo che lavora unicamente per i bisogni nazionali. Marx L'autonomia relativa dello Stato non è un dato, è una creazione continua.
Germana Perani & Gabriella Tassinari, "Tappi d'anfora", Amoenissimis .... Aedificiis. Gli scavi di Piazza Marconi a Cremona, vol. II - i materiali, Studi e Ricerche di Archeologia 5 (2018), pp. 241 sqq.
Muhammad Yudha Tiesnady , 2019
Diagramming the reasoning used in individual or group decision making enables that reasoning to be externalized, objectified, and evaluated. As such, diagramming is a powerful aid to critical reflection for understanding and improving individual or group decision making. As an analytical tool by which to display reasoning, diagramming has the potential to aid in improved professional decision making in business, law, military, governmental, and healthcare. As a research tool, diagramming enables the identification of similarities when many individuals make decisions regarding the same issue. Cognitive interventions can then be based on these analyses. As a learning tool, argument and decision maps enable students to hone their interpretive and analytical skills. This paper offers an extensive introduction to a diagramming system that is more fully developed than the usual textbook presentation of argument diagramming. The twenty example maps included begin with a configuration illustrating one reason offered in support of a conclusion, and build to highly complex maps illustrating the analyses of real world decisions as recorded in interviews and official documents. Using their interpretive and analytical skills, and the simple conventions taught and illustrated here, professionals, researchers, and students are able to build and to refine maps that show simple arguments, lines of reasoning, unspoken but implicit assumptions, pro and con argumentation, individual and group decision making, the influences of reactive cognitive heuristics on decision making, the use of various familiar valid and fallacious inference patterns, and the bolstering phenomenon associated with the use of multiple arguments in support of a given option.
It's been almost three decades since Anthony P. Andrews and Fernando Robles Castellanos (1985) proposed an interpretation of the political geography of the Terminal Classic Period (AD 800-1000) in the Northern Maya lowlands based on ceramic, archaeological and ethnohistorical evidence. They suggested that some Itza ethnic group(s) invaded the Northern Maya lowlands and occupied the archaeological site of Chichen Itza making a standoff between the ethnically Classic Maya groups of the Puuc Hills and the territories surrounding Coba. The collapse of these Northern Maya cities was directly connected to this supposed invasion, and they proposed that Coba was abandoned around AD 1100 due to the continuous attacks and its isolation from new trade networks. Although there were discordant views about the abandonment and more adjustments recently, these proposals have not explained of the collapse of Coba, especially the ceramic data. Reexamining the ceramic material of Coba, and comparing the results with new epigraphic data, we suggest that the abandonment of Coba occurred at the beginning of the 9 th century, before the apogee of Chichen Itza. We propose that an alternative sequence of events emerges from the material evidence at hand, especially from ceramics and epigraphy.
Engagement between investors and corporate boards has been suggested as a pathway to mitigate stranded asset and climate change risks. Debate is ongoing as to whether divestment or active ownership strategies are more appropriate to deliver long-term value and environmental sustainability. The paper tests the effectiveness of owner engagement strategies by studying the conditions for cooperation between investors and their companies. Characteristics of investors and companies are modelled in game theoretic frameworks, informed by semi-structured interviews with professionals from the energy and finance industries, and academia, NGO, and regulatory sectors. Conditions for mutual cooperation between investors and companies are characterized as prisoners’ dilemmas. A number of parameters are examined for their impact on the development of sustained cooperative equilibria, including: the benefits and costs of cooperation; the degree of strategic foresight; individual discount factors; and mutual history. Challenges in the formation of investor coalitions are characterized and solutions are proposed.
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