Root caries among institutionalized elderly

2023

Among the oral ailments which are observed by dental practitioners in elderly, root caries is a significant one. It has been reported that about a third of older population bears most of the root caries burden. Root surface caries is one of the significant oral health problems in the elderly, and the incidence of root surface caries has been found to be one of the major risk factors for tooth loss. Limited studies have been carried out on root caries in elderly patients in context of Nepal. Hence, the objective of this study was to find the prevalence of root caries and its associated factors among the elderly population. This observational cross sectional study was done on 188 adult patients of 60 years and above. A specifically designed questionnaire was used to collect the following information: socio-demographic characteristics, use of medication, oral hygiene practices and oral health behaviour. Data were analyzed using Chi square test and descriptive statistics were calculated. It was found that the prevalence of root caries was 61.7% and it increased with age. There was an association between root caries and socioeconomic status which showed root caries was seen more in adults of upper middle class. More of root caries was seen in females, those who were unmarried, taking medications and non vegetarians. Oral hygiene habits and oral health behaviour had a positive impact on root caries. More of root caries was seen on buccal surface of molars.

BMC Oral Health, 2021

Background: Caries in the elderly has been associated with dependence, oral-health status and-care practices. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between root/coronal caries and individual factors among institutionalised elderly people in Bogotá, Colombia, using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System severity and activity criteria (ICDAS). Methods: A total of 226 institutionalised elderly were clinically examined for root and coronal caries in 40 institutions. Caries risk was assessed with Cariogram, and demographics, oral health knowledge and practices, oral health-related quality of life and denture-use habits using a questionnaire. Results: Participants (mean age: 80.1 ± 9.3 years; 63.7% female) presented a mean number of 10.8 ± 7.3 teeth and 19.4 ± 18.8 exposed root surfaces. Prevalence of Coronal-ICDAS caries experience (C-ICDAS DF) was of 100% and of 54.4% for C-ICDAS D; mean number of C-ICDAS DFS was 16.76 ± 27.36, with 50.9% of subjects having ≥ one active C-ICDAS DS. Prevalence of Root Caries Index was of 49.1% and of R-ICDAS DF of 46%; mean number of R-ICDAS DFS was 2.03 ± 2.78, with 40.3% of subjects having ≥ one active R-ICDAS DS. Most individuals had a systemic condition (94.2%) and required oral-hygiene assistance (58%). Logistic regression analyses showed significant associations (p < 0.05): for coronal active caries when having over six teeth (OR: 2.7), and for root caries, when having coronal caries (OR: 2.41), being a man (OR: 1.95), and having over 14 teeth (OR: 0.30). Those presenting with > eight exposed root surfaces were 4.04 more likely to have root caries and 2.4 times more likely to have active root caries. Conclusion: In the institutionalised elderly population in Bogotá significant associations were found, both for the presence as for the activity status of root and coronal caries, with individual clinical factors including coronal caries, exposed root surfaces and number of teeth.

Revista de saúde pública, 2013

To estimate the prevalence of root caries in Brazilian adults and elderly.

Gerodontology, 1993

Data from population-based longitudinal studies required to assess the incidetice of root caries and associated risk factors are sparse iti the literature. To this end, a group of 130 middle-aged and older adults were examined for root caries at baseline and at a follow-up visit between nine and 24 months (median: 16 months). Dental examinations were conducted by one examiner at a Tufts dental clinic using NIDR defined diagnostic criteria. Fifty percent of subjects in this study population developed one or more new root caries lesions over the follow-up period. Also, an annualised increment of 0.60 (SD: 0.72) decayed and filled surfaces per person was observed for the 45-59 year old group while the 70-1-group showed an annualised increment of 1.38 (SD: 1.97) DFS in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified past root caries experience, high plaque score, and high number of teeth (>= 22) to be positively associated with new root caries (p <0.05).

Gerodontology, 2000

l%Kiilly 111 IVniisliy. Llni\t-rsily olOslo, Oslo. Nor\v;iv.

Research Square (Research Square), 2019

Background: Root caries among adults is a concern and requires special attention. This systematic review aimed to assess the findings on the effectiveness of different agents to treat root caries in middle age and older adults. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched systematically, following PRISMA guidelines. Clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of preventive and/or arresting agents for root caries in patients over 50 years old, published from 2011 to 2019 (June). This review has been registered at PROSPERO database (CRD42018104399). Results: Twelve of 277 studies fully encountered the inclusion criteria and were selected for this review. Eight agents were identified in the studies and their efficacy were assessed by different methods. The agents that presented valuable results on arresting or preventing root caries were 38% SDF, arginine-containing toothpaste and high-fluoride toothpastes. Conclusion: Based on the selected studies' findings, annual applications of 38% SDF could be the most effective treatment for root caries in older adults. In addition, the daily use of a 1,5% arginine toothpaste or a high fluoride toothpastes could also be recommended. More research on root-cariesspecific diagnose methods, especially at very early stages, are necessary. Background The population of older adults in the world has increased substantially in the past few years and this growth is expected to accelerate in the next decades [1]. In addition, with the advances in medicine, people are living healthier and longer lives. Most of the health problems in older individuals are related to chronical diseases [2, 3]. In dentistry, ageing may be related to the increase of oral diseases risk [4]. Since people are living longer lives and retaining more teeth, a substantial increase in caries lesions in older population has been reported, particularly the prevalence and incidence of root caries [5]. In the study of Hariyani et al. [5], the incidence and increment of root caries in the population, annually, had values of 18.25% [CI = 13.22%-23.28%] and 0.45 [CI = 0.37-0.53], respectively. It was also observed that the there was an increase of root lesions over time even among healthier older adults.

Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 1988

lncidence rates for new root caries and new coronal caries in noninstitutionalized older adults are unknown. In this study, a representative sample of 451 elderly Iowans received dental examinations at the start of the study and again after 18 months. This denrare cohort had a mean of 0.87 new surfaces of coronal decay per person per year and a mean of 0.57 new surfaces of root decay per person per year. Coronal caries occurred at an annual rate of 1.4 surfaces per 100 susceptible coronal surfaces. Root caries occurred at an annual rate of 2.6 surfaces per 700 susceptible root surfaces. This study shows that both coronal and root caries were active in this older population, indicating a need for emphasis on the prevention and treatment of dental caries in older adults.

2020

Root caries is one of the most significant dental problems among older adults. In order to prevent tooth loss due to root caries, the risk factors must be identified. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the prevalence of root caries and the associated risk factors among patients attending Ras Al-Khaimah College of Dental Sciences (RAKCODS) hospital. Cross-sectional descriptive study was done in RAKCODS based on random sampling using 212 participants, both genders with age 35 and above, during 6 months period, the risk factor associated with root caries were analyzed by multiple regression assay. The prevalence of root caries was 39.6% among the tested patient. Among the independent factors age, educational qualification, fluoride-containing toothpaste, smoking habit, dry mouth syndrome, plaque index and number of missing teeth showed a statistically significant influence on root caries Prevalence. According to the result of our study root caries is one of the significant or...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

The aim of this systematic review was to provide an update on caries prevalence in older adults aged 60 years or above around the globe. Two independent reviewers performed a systematic literature search of English publications from January 2016 to December 2020 using Pubmed, Scopus, Embase/Ovid and Web of Science. The MeSH terms used were “dental caries”, “root caries”, “DMF index”, “aged” and “aged 80 and over”. Further searches in Google Scholar retrieved eight additional publications. The epidemiological surveys reporting the prevalence of dental caries or root caries or caries experience using DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth) and DFR (decayed and filled root) in older adults aged 60 years or above were included. Quality of the publications was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Among the 5271 identified publications, 39 articles of moderate or good quality were included. Twenty studies were conducted in Asia (China...

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 2017

This study aimed to assess the incidence density (ID) of new root caries lesions and restorations among community-living south Brazilian older adults and to assess its association with predictor variables. We conducted a prospective cohort with a random sample of elders from the municipality of Carlos Barbosa, in south Brazil. Trained dentists performed interviews and oral examinations in 388 individuals at baseline, of which 273 were retained at follow-up 4 years later. Our outcome was root caries ID, with 100 root-years as its unit of measure. Demographic, biological and lifestyle predictors were tested with Poisson regression. The mean number of roots at baseline among participants was 7.0 (SD ± 4.9) and the incidence rate per 100 root-year 4.9 (SD ± 8.9). Incidence of root caries among these older Brazilians was of 47.3%. The associated factors with the incidence of root caries were age, geographic location of residence, frequency of tooth brushing and stimulated saliva flow rat...