Arc Welding

Methods for joining metals have been known for thousands of years, but for most of this period the only form of welding was forge welding by a blacksmith.

Introduction to welding process, 2019

Document with basic theory of welding processes

 Historical milestones of electric arc welding  Fundaments of electric arc in welding: Plasma formation  Electric arc: Main zones, Stability criteria, Energy and Efficiency  Electric arc start techniques  Influence of shielding gases in electric arc  Case study: Activated TIG ("A-TIG")  Heat input (HI) formulation  Arc blow phenomena  Electric arc from different power sources Contents 2 2 Engineering Materials Materials Joining and NDT Department of Engineering Design and Production At the end of the lecture the student should be able to 1. To explain the development of the major welding processes based on electric arc power source 2. To reflect on the role of welding technology in the main historical events of the XX century 3. To identify the different zones and properties of the electric arc 4. To establish the influence of shielding gases on stability and temperature distribution on and electric arc 5. To formulate the HI efficiency and its hierarchy for different processes 6. How to avoid arc blow phenomena Learning Outcomes 3 Engineering Materials Materials Joining and NDT Department of Engineering Design and Production Forging Electric Arc SMAW SAW GTAW Plasma PAW GMAW EBW Laser Coal electrode

This chapter presents fundamentals of welding arc, mechanisms of electron emission, different zones in welding arc, electrical aspects related with welding arc and their significance in welding.

2014

Arc behaviour is a significant factor in all arc welding processes. Understanding of arc types and their inherent properties can help enhance weld prediction and weld quality and reduce welding cost and production cycle time. Advanced welding processes utilize real-time control and prediction, increasing the need for detailed knowledge of arc characteristics and arc applications. This paper analyses the types of welding arcs used in the welding industry, explains corresponding features and characteristics, provides guidance for suitable applications, and presents arc type comparisons, benefits, and weaknesses. The study is based on a review of the literature, and it provides a comprehensive overview of arc phenomena. The results of this work show that in many applications, greater benefit accrues from spray and pulsed arcs than short and globular arc modes. Controlled short arc, heavy deposition rate arc, and controlled spray arc are enhanced arc processes offering significant improvements in efficiency and usability. This review can assist companies in making appropriate choices of arc and welding process for different materials and applications. Furthermore, it can be utilized as a basis for further research.

2011

Developments in arc welding processes are strongly related with the need to increase productivity without loosing quality of the welds performed. It is by targeting these aspects that can maintain their competitiveness in the world wide markets. Reduction of costs and competitive pricing are each day more strongly related with technological innovations. MIG/MAG welding is one of the most used processes in industry both in manual and robotized welding. The search for higher productivity and better quality has led to the development of many variants of this process. Conventional TIG is known has a very controllable and precise welding process, to increase conventional TIG deposition rate other TIG variants have been developed in the latest years. The present paper aims at outlining same of the recent innovations in MIG/MAG and TIG welding which represent steps ahead to achieve the objectives outlined above.

Welding referance