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The Path to Digital Transformation in Nigerian Higher Education

2023, Academia.edu

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13732061

This paper examines the urgent need for digital transformation in Nigerian higher education. While global advancements in technology have revolutionized education, many Nigerian universities remain anchored in outdated practices, hindering progress. The concept of a "digital city"—where technology permeates all aspects of academic life—is essential for these institutions to thrive in the 21st century. Key reforms include infrastructural upgrades, such as renewable energy and reliable internet, as well as smart services like digital student ID cards and e-assessment platforms. Overcoming technophobia and fostering collaborations between university management, government, and international partners is crucial. Embracing digitalization will enable Nigerian universities to compete globally and offer a modern, technology-driven learning environment.

Copyright © 2023 ABSTRACT This paper examines the urgent need for digital transformation in Nigerian higher education. While global advancements in technology have revolutionized education, many Nigerian universities remain anchored in outdated practices, hindering progress. The concept of a "digital city"—where technology permeates all aspects of academic life—is essential for these institutions to thrive in the 21st century. Key reforms include infrastructural upgrades, such as renewable energy and reliable internet, as well as smart services like digital student ID cards and e-assessment platforms. Overcoming technophobia and fostering collaborations between university management, government, and international partners is crucial. Embracing digitalization will enable Nigerian universities to compete globally and offer a modern, technology-driven learning environment. Keywords: Digital, Higher Education, Technology, Nigeria, Universities, E-learning. Citation: Muoka C.G. (2023). The Path to Digital Transformation in Nigerian Higher Education. [Internet]. Available from: Academia.edu. DOI: [10.5281/zenodo.13732061] I n 2004, when Mark Zuckerberg launched Facebook from his dorm room at Harvard University, he likely did not foresee the profound impact his vision would have, not only on social interactions but also on academic environments. The digital revolution he sparked has since transformed many aspects of society, including education. Digitalization—the integration of digital technologies to streamline and enhance various aspects of human life— has revolutionized the learning process, offering unprecedented efficiency and accessibility. However, many educational institutions in Africa, particularly in Nigeria, have been slow to embrace these advancements, clinging instead to archaic traditions inherited from as far back as the fifteenth century. This reluctance to modernize poses a significant challenge to the digital transformation of universities. It is undeniable that technology is not a passing trend—it is a permanent fixture in the modern world. For Nigerian universities, the time has come to confront this reality and 1 A dedicated and ambitious Nigerian medical student with a strong foundation in biochemistry and an entrepreneurial spirit. Successfully integrates academic rigour with innovative tech initiatives, particularly in addressing energy challenges in Africa. With a passion for research, creative writing, and healthcare, I am committed to making a positive impact through my work and studies. Contact: [email protected]; +2347066999820 1 overcome the technophobia that continues to obscure their vision. The technological advancements embraced by institutions in developed nations, including the rise of artificial intelligence, have revolutionized academic settings. If African and Nigerian institutions do not adopt similar innovations, they risk being left behind in this fastpaced, technology-driven era. The creation of an academic "digital city"—a learning environment where technology permeates every aspect of the university's operations—is essential. In such an environment, technology becomes a cornerstone of daily activities, driving excellence in teaching, research, and administration. To bring this vision to life, university management must undertake significant reforms across multiple areas. First, there must be substantial infrastructural development. Investment in renewable energy, particularly solar power, is crucial to addressing the chronic power failures that have long plagued Nigerian educational institutions. Reliable electricity is the foundation upon which all technological advancements are built. Once this issue is addressed, universities can implement energy-efficient technologies, such as LED lighting and motion sensors, to further reduce energy consumption. Solar-powered streetlights should line campus walkways, and digital billboards can be strategically placed to provide students with up-to-date information. Security is another area that would benefit from technological integration. 2 Smart surveillance systems, equipped with cameras and sensors, can be deployed to monitor campus activities, providing real-time alerts in case of emergencies. This would significantly enhance campus safety, preventing incidents like the fires that have occurred in student hostels in the past. In addition, universities should embrace "smart" services that streamline administrative and academic processes. A dedicated university app could serve as a hub for services like course registration, campus maps, event calendars, and access to digital libraries. This app could also facilitate tuition payments, health services, and even communication among students, akin to the early days of Facebook at Harvard. A smart student ID card could further simplify access to campus resources, from library borrowing systems to meal plans. Another critical factor is the need for robust internet connectivity. In the 21st century, access to the internet is as essential as access to textbooks in previous generations. Without it, students and faculty are severely limited in their ability to access information, communicate, and collaborate. Universities must invest in high-speed internet infrastructure, ensuring Wi-Fi coverage across all campus buildings. This can be achieved through partnerships with government bodies and telecommunications companies. The importance of internet access was underscored during the COVID-19 pandemic when remote learning became 3 the only viable option for continuing education. The adoption of online learning platforms would further enable universities to overcome geographical barriers, allowing more students to join their institutions lectures online. Paperless strategies should also be prioritized. Excessive reliance on paper not only increases costs but also has detrimental effects on the environment. In an era where digital documents are secure and accessible from anywhere, universities should encourage the use of edocuments for exams, dissertations, theses, and administrative tasks. Digitalization will ensure that these records remain intact and easily accessible for future reference. E-assessment platforms, which provide impartial and efficient grading, should be introduced as part of this transformation. In conclusion, realizing the vision of a digitalized university environment requires commitment from all stakeholders. University management, faculty, students, and government must work together to implement these changes. International partnerships could also play a vital role in providing the expertise and resources needed to overcome the lingering fear of technology in academia. Only then can African and Nigerian universities truly unlock their potential in this digital age. 4 REFERENCES Akinsanmi, O., Ruth, O. T., & Soroyewun, M. B. (2010). Development of an e-assessment platform for Nigerian universities. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 2(2), 170-175. Alhaji, I. U. (2007). Digitization of past question papers, dissertations and theses: A case study of 30 Nigerian university libraries. The International Information & Library Review, 39(3), 228-246. Alsmadi, M. K., Al-Marashdeh, I., Alzaqebah, M., Jaradat, G., Alghamdi, F. A., Mohammad, R. M. A., & Tayfour, M. (2021). Digitalization of learning in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 outbreak: A survey. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 25, 100632. Amaonye, C., & Anyaeji, A. V. (2023). Digitalizing Nigerian University Learning System: How Ready Are the Students? Journal of Digital Learning and Education, 3(1), 75-90. Lagstedt, A., Lindstedt, J. P., & Kauppinen, R. (2020). 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