Carbohydrate-Test - Amino Acid-Test

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Standard Chemical Tests: - Carbon-Carbon double bond – Alkenes - Hydroxyl Group (Alcohols and Phenols) - The Carbonyl Group – Carboxylic Acids - The Carbonyl Group – Ketones - The Carbonyl Group – Aldehydes - The Carbonyl Group – Esters - The Amino Group - Amides - The Nitro Group - Ethers - Molisch’s Test For Sugars

Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry

A new type of a simple and cheap teststrip for liquid samples is described. It is based on microchromatography or microtitration on a porous, capillary-active substrate (e.g., filter paper or a similar absorbent material). In case of microchromatography an analyte-selective indicator (and other auxiliary reagents) is impregnated or immobilized on the capillary-active substrate; in case of micro-titration the capillary-active substrate contains a titrant which reacts stoichiometrically with the analyte. Quantitative analysis is performed by measurement of an area (which had changed its color) rather than by evaluation of the shade or intensity of a color (like in conventional teststrips). In order to show the broad applicability of this new principle teststrips for different analytes like Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs), the cation Ni2+, the anion SO4(2-) and H2O2 are described. The detection limit and working range of the novel teststrip can be adjusted by variation of its size.

ALTEX, 2014

This glossary was developed to provide technical references to support work in the field of the alternatives to animal testing. It was compiled from various existing reference documents coming from different sources and is meant to be a point of reference on alternatives to animal testing. Giving the ever-increasing number of alternative test methods and approaches being developed over the last decades, a combination, revision, and harmonization of earlier published collections of terms used in the validation of such methods is required. The need to update previous glossary efforts came from the acknowledgement that new words have emerged with the development of new approaches, while others have become obsolete, and the meaning of some terms has partially changed over time. With this glossary we intend to provide guidance on issues related to the validation of new or updated testing methods consistent with current approaches. Moreover, because of new developments and technologies, a...

2013

Important Information for Users The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) periodically refines these laboratory methods. It is the responsibility of the user to contact the person listed on the title page of each write-up before using the analytical method to find out whether any changes have been made and what revisions, if any, have been incorporated. Cotinine in Serum NHANES 2003–2004 Public Release Data Set Information This document details the Lab Protocol for NHANES 2003–2004 data. A tabular list of the released analytes follows: Lab Number Analyte SAS Label l06_c LBXCOT

carbohydrate solution is needed in our bodies. Carbohydrate is the compound macromolecule that was found in food that consisted of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Carbohydrate consists of four parts are monosaccharide, disakarida, oligosakarida and polysaccharide. Monosaccharide consists of one cluster sugar, disakarida consists of two clusters sugar, oligosakarida consists of three to ten cluster sugar, polysaccharide consists of ten or more cluster sugar. Each cluster sugar dihubungan by ikatan gliosidik. Their carbohydrates function as that are the main energy in the body. For activity we need energy, energy, from the materials food that contains carbohydrates. Main sources are carbohydrates that very often, we know such as rice, corn, potatoes, cassava, sago. Carbohydrate Analysis can be done in qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative Analysis is used to analyze number of carbohydrates in food. Quantitative analysis example is the method lowry. Qualitative Analysis in use to analyze is tidanya carbohydrates in food. Conto qualitative analysis method is iodin. Carbohydrate qualitative Analysis is done in order to know whether there exists carbohydrates in food. The method iodin can be used to analyze carbohydrates in qualitative research. Types of carbohydrate in test with the method karbohidat is carbohydrate types of polysaccharide. Polysaccharide added iodin will set up a different colors according to the type of lots and lots.

2020

The contemporary chemistry teaching laboratories endeavour to integrate the current themes of safety, sustainability and simplicity in all aspects of experimental design. The qualitative analysis of carbohydrates is central to study of organic chemistry and biochemistry laboratory courses at undergraduate level. This paper presents a novel qualitative test for detection of carbohydrates using a single reagent, alkaline potassium hexacyanoferrate (III). This reagent shows a characteristic behaviour towards carbohydrates. The observation is developed and presented as a simple, safe and easy to perform test for detection of carbohydrates. The test is suitable for micro scale as well as mini scale quantities. It involves no special technique to perform, is quick to accomplish and gives unambiguous results. These attributes make it suitable to be adopted in teaching laboratories.

A review on the effect of the essential amino acids is presented. The recent analytical methods in the analysis of the essential amino acids are demonstrated. The steps of the analytical methods for this group of chemicals are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of the described analytical methods are discussed and the present status and future trends are outlined. The importance of the analytical methods for the quality, efficacy and safety of the drug products, food supplements and foods, containing essential amino acids is demonstrated. The main spheres of application are demonstrated.

2016

Several factors may affect the validity and outcome of urine testing for abused drugs such as amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, ethanol, opiates, and phencyclidine. Urine is used for large-scale testing because acquisition of the sample is noninvasive and because most abused drugs can be detected in urine for a reasonable duration after ingestion. Urine testing for drugs of abuse is a two-step process. In the first step, screening assays are used to identify presumably positive specimens. Common screening tests are radioimmunoassays, enzyme immunoassays, fluorescence polarization immunoassay, and thin layer chromatography. Since they may be subject to cross-reactivity, once a possible positive sample has been identified by a preliminary test, a second more specific methodology, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, is done to confirm the results. Knowledge of the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of abused drugs affects selection and interpreta...