Seminal Plasma

Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, 2019

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 1983

Seminal plasma FSH, LH, prolactin, and testosterone were estimated in 110 men with wives with no pregnancy during the last 24 months and 20 fertile males. Seminal FSH and LH levels were significantly higher in oligozoospermic men (sperm count over 10 x 106/ml) and in males with reduced motility than in fertile men. Males with severe oligozoospermia (sperm count below 10 x 1OVml) had values of gonadotropins similar to fertile subjects. Seminal prolactin levels were significantly elevated in all infertile males. Men with sperm count under 10 x lo6/ ml had significantly lower seminal testosterone values than the other infertile and fertile men.

Andrologia, 2009

Eighteen different chemical constituents of seminal plasma from 52 patients in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program were quantitated. The ejaculates were divided into "fertile" and "infertile" groups depending on whether the spermatozoa did or did not fertilize oocytes. Glycerylphosphorylcholine showed a significant difference between the two groups and was also significantly correlated with fertility, suggesting that GPC may influence the fertilizing ability of the spermatozoa. No such differences/correlations were found for the other constituents although a number of these components were lowest in the "infertile" group. In no case was the correlations between a seminal constituentns and fertilization high enough to predict whether an ejaculate is fertile or infertile.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature, 2012

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Seminal plasma (SP), the non-cellular component of semen, is a heterogeneous composite fluid built by secretions of the testis, the epididymis and the accessory sexual glands. Its composition, despite species-specific anatomical peculiarities, consistently contains inorganic ions, specific hormones, proteins and peptides, including cytokines and enzymes, cholesterol, DNA and RNA—the latter often protected within epididymis- or prostate-derived extracellular vesicles. It is beyond question that the SP participates in diverse aspects of sperm function pre-fertilization events. The SP also interacts with the various compartments of the tubular genital tract, triggering changes in gene function that prepares for an eventual successful pregnancy; thus, it ultimately modulates fertility. Despite these concepts, it is imperative to remember that SP-free spermatozoa (epididymal or washed ejaculated) are still fertile, so this review shall focus on the differences between the in vivo roles o...

Periodontology 2000, 2012

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2006

Context:. Male hormonal contraception via gonadotropin and intratesticular androgen withdrawal disrupts spermatogenesis at two principal sites: 1) spermatogonial maturation, and 2) spermiation. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the relative dependence of each stage of germ cell development on FSH and LH/intratesticular androgen action. Design, Setting, and Participants: Eighteen men enrolled in this prospective, randomized 14-wk study at Prince Henrys Institute. Interventions: Subjects (n = 6/group) were assigned to 6 wk of 1) testosterone (T) implant (4 × 200 mg sc once)+depot medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA; 150 mg im once); 2) T implant+DMPA+FSH (300 IU sc twice weekly); and 3) T implant+DMPA+human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; 1000 IU sc twice weekly as an LH substitute). Men then underwent a vasectomy and testicular biopsy with previously reported control data used for comparison. Main Outcome Measures: Germ cell number (assessed by the optical disector st...

1. In the testes, luteinizing hormone (LH) controls the synthesis of testosterone by Leydig cells, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increases the production of 2. androgen-binding protein, inhibin, and estrogen by Sertoli cells. 3. Spermatozoa are produced within the seminiferous tubules of both testes. Sperm develop from spermatogonia through a series of developmental stages that include spermatocytes and spermatids. 4. The sperm mature and are stored in the epididymis. At the time of ejaculation, sperm are moved by muscular contractions of the epididymis and vas deferens through the ejaculatory ducts into the prostatic urethra. The sperm are finally moved out of the body through the urethra in the penis.

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2008

The objectives of this non-interventional descriptive study was to determine the variation in serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone along with their ratios, among men having abnormal semen and their possible etiological role in male infertility. The study was carried out in the Reproductive Physiology Department of Public Health Laboratories Division, and National Institute of health (NIH), Islamabad during January 2004 to December 2005. Two hundred fifty married men who had presented with a complaint of infertility and who had an abnormal seminal profile on the basis of their prior semen analysis were included in the study. Subjects were classified as azoospermic (50), oligozoospermic (75), asthenozoospermic (50) and normozoospermic (75). In addition (50) normal male subjects, who were known to have fathered children, were included as controls. LH, FSH and testosterone levels were determined in serum by using enzyme immunoassa...

• Puberty: the age at which a person is first capable of sexual reproduction. • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): a trophic peptide hormone made in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and responsible for the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropins; follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH): a gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone, secreted in the anterior pituitary, that stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in female mammals, and induces spermatogenesis in male mammals. • Luteinizing hormone (LH): a hormone, produced by part of the pituitary gland, that stimulates ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum in female mammals, and the production of androgens by male mammals. • Sertoli cell: a kind of sustentacular cell which serves as a "nurse" cell of the testes and which is part of a seminiferous tubule. • Leydig cell: one of the interstitial cells, located next to the seminiferous tubules inside the testicle, that produce testosterone. • Inhibin: a peptide hormone, secreted by the gonads, which inhibits the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone. • Testosterone: steroid hormone produced primarily in the testes of the male; it is responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics in the male. • Spermatogenesis: the process of sperm production in the testes. • Testis: the ovoid sex glands encased in the scrotum; the testes produce sperm The Role of Hormones in Male Reproduction The two functions of the testis are androgen production and spermatogenesis and the key role in the regulation of these functions is played by the two pituitary gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Hormonal control of spermatogenesis 1