Papers by Sudarshan Singh
Quantitative structure activity relationship is study of relationship between physiochemical (ind... more Quantitative structure activity relationship is study of relationship between physiochemical (independent) properties and biological (dependent) activity of bioactive molecules. It plays an important role in the drug discovery and development and involves steps including data preparation, data analysis, and model validation. Validation is important process in QSAR analysis. After correlation between, independent and dependent variable with the help of various statistical methods the model will developed now that model should be validated. Various types of statistical methods are used in QSAR analysis such as principle component analysis, cluster analysis, simple linear regression, multiple linear regressions, partial least square, K-Nearest Neighbor classification, neural network, logistic regression and many others. After the development of model it is necessary to find out how predictive a model is that is concept of validation, which finds out the accuracy of model to predict the...
Cassia fistula is a common herbaceous belongs to the family of Caesalpiniaceae. Seeds of plant co... more Cassia fistula is a common herbaceous belongs to the family of Caesalpiniaceae. Seeds of plant contain gluco-mannose hence attempt to evaluate the seeds for suitability as tablet binder is considered and the present investigation repots the isolation of mucilage of Cassia fistula seed. The DSC and FTIR thermograms of drug and mucilage indicated no chemical interaction. Phytochemical and Physiochemical characteristics of mucilage were studied which confirmed the mucilage nature. The mucilage was evaluated for its granulating and binding properties in compressed tablet using Diltiazem HCl as model drug. The granules prepared by mucilage were compared with xanthan gum, which was used as standard binder. The tablets had good physiochemical properties and the drug release was more than 85% within 3hr. It was observed that increasing the concentration of mucilage increases hardness and decreases the disintegration time. All the formulations were subjected to stability studies for three mo...
The present work reports isolation of seed mucilage of Zizyphus jujuba. Physiochemical characteri... more The present work reports isolation of seed mucilage of Zizyphus jujuba. Physiochemical characterization such as swelling index, hydration capacity, powder porosity, loss on drying, pH and viscosity were studied. The seed mucilage of Zizyphus jujuba has been evaluated for its granulating and binding properties in tablets, using paracetamol as a model drug. The seed mucilages of Zizyphus jujuba was used in four different concentrations 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%w/v. The granules were prepared by wet granulation technique. The prepared granules were evaluated for percentage of fines, average particle size and flow properties. The properties were compared with guar gum10% w/v. The tablets were prepared and evaluated for hardness, friability, content uniformity, disintegration time and in vitro dissolution profiles. They had good physicochemical properties, and the drug release was more than 80% within 2h. All the formulations (F1, F2, F3, and F4) were subjected to stability studies for thr...
Extending the residence time of a dosage form at a particular site and controlling the release of... more Extending the residence time of a dosage form at a particular site and controlling the release of drug from the dosage form are useful especially for achieving controlled plasma level of the drug as well as improving bioavailability. The objective of this study was to extend the GI residence time of the dosage form and control the release of Tramadol HCl using mucoadhesive tablet to achieve controlled plasma level of the drug which is especially useful for 12 hrs. Matrix tablets of Tramadol HCl were formulated using different mucoadhesive polymers namely guar gum, xanthan gum and Methocel (HPMC K15M and HPMC K100M). Formulations were evaluated for preformulation parameters, in vitro drug release profile and release kinetics. The formulations were found to have good preformulation characteristics. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the absence of any significant chemical interaction within dug and excipients. The release mechanism of Tramadol HCl from matrix tablets indicated anomalous (non...
International Journal of PharmTech Research
Gastroesophageal reflux is very common in youth. If conservative procedures fail to relieve it, t... more Gastroesophageal reflux is very common in youth. If conservative procedures fail to relieve it, the use of a potent antiemetic agent that facilitates gastric motility and emptying, such as Domperidone, is vindicated. Domperidone is a synthetic benzimidazole compound that acts as a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist. Its localization outside the blood-brain barrier and antiemetic properties has made it a useful adjunct in therapy for Parkinson's disease. There has been rehabilitated curiosity in antidopaminergic prokinetic agents since the abandonment of cisapride, a 5-HT4 agonist, from the market. Domperidone is also as a prokinetic negotiator for treatment of upper gastrointestinal motility disorders. It continues to be an attractive alternative to metoclopramide because it has fewer neurological side effects. Patients receiving Domperidone or other prokinetic agents for diabetic gastropathy or gastroparesis should also be managing diet, lifestyle, and other medications to optimiz...
Fagonia arabica L., belonging to the family Zygophyallaceae, commonly known as Dhamaso in Gujarat... more Fagonia arabica L., belonging to the family Zygophyallaceae, commonly known as Dhamaso in Gujarati, Ustarkar in Hindi, Dhanvyas in Sanskrit is a wildly grown perennial plant. The plant is globally distributed in Africa, Arabia, Pakistan and India. It contains several triterpenoid saponins and mainly used in skin diseases. The present study deals with the micromorphological evaluation carried out on the stem of Fagonia arabica, one of the WHO accepted parameter for identification of medicinal plants. These observations would be of immense value in the botanical identification and standardization of the drug in crude form.
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infect more than half of the world population, making it one of t... more Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infect more than half of the world population, making it one of the most prevalent infections. H. pylori is now accepted as the most common cause of histologic gastritis and is responsible for the majority of cases of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Approximately 1 in 6 (17%) persons with H. pylori infection will develop
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2012
ABSTRACT Objective Lisinopril is the drug of choice in hypertension. Bioavailability of the drug ... more ABSTRACT Objective Lisinopril is the drug of choice in hypertension. Bioavailability of the drug is 25% of orally administered dose. An attempt was made to provide safe medicine meeting pharmacokinetics requirement of plasma concentration by formulating a sublingual tablet of Lisinopril. The Objective of present study is to develop the sublingual tablet of Lisinopril and improve its bioavailability, in view to maximize therapeutic effect of the drug.Method The directly compressed tablet of Lisinopril was formulated using Mannitol, Micro Crystalline Cellulose and Kyron T-314 as super disintegrant. Formulation (F1-F7) was evaluated for disintegration time and in vitro release study. Further the optimized sublingual formulation (F6) and marketed formulation was subjected to in-vivo comparative bioavailability study using white New Zealand rabbits.ResultsIt was observed that concentration of Micro Crystalline Cellulose, Kyron T-314 has significant effect on the disintegration time of Lisinopril sublingual tablet formulations. The super disintegrant concentration 5% w/w (Kyron T-314) was found optimum in all tablet formulations. AUC of optimized sublingual tablet and oral tablet are 925.35ÎĽgĂ—h/mL and 641.97 ÎĽgĂ—h/mL with Cmax of 60.80 ÎĽg/mL and 41.21 ÎĽg/mL and Tmax of 4 h and 4 h respectively. The bioavailability of optimized sublingual tablet of Lisinopril was improved by 1.44 times as compared to conventional oral marketed tablet of Lisinopril.Conclusions The present approach of formulating sublingual tablet of Lisinopril would definitely improve bioavailability leading to reduced conventional dose of this drug. The administration of sublingual tablet becoming easy and it will improve patient compliance to therapy for hypertension for pediatrics, geriatric and bed ridden patient.
International Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, 2014
ISRN Pharmaceutics, 2014
Mucilage isolated from seeds of Manilkara zapota (Linn.) P. Royen syn. is a plant growing natural... more Mucilage isolated from seeds of Manilkara zapota (Linn.) P. Royen syn. is a plant growing naturally in the forests of India. This mucilage is yet to be commercially exploited, and characterized as polymer. Various physicochemical methods like particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, gel permeation chromatography, X-ray diffraction spectrometry, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy have been employed to characterize this gum in the present study. Particle size analyses suggest that mucilage has particle size in nanometer. Scanning electron microscopy analysis suggests that the mucilage has irregular particle size. The glass transition temperature of the gum was observed to be 138°C and 136°C by differential scanning calorimetry and differential thermal analysis, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis suggested that mucilage had good thermal stability. The average molecular weight of mucilage was determined to be 379180, by gel permeation chromatography, while the viscosity of mucilage was observed to be 219.1 cP. The X-ray diffraction spectrometry pattern of the mucilage indicates a completely amorphous structure. Elemental analysis of the gum revealed the contents of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur to be 80.9 (%), 10.1 (%), 1.58 (%), and 512 (mg/kg), respectively. Mucilage had specific content of calcium, magnesium, potassium, lower concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, cobalt, lead, and nickel. The major functional groups identified from FT-IR spectrum include 3441 cm(-1) (-OH), 1660 cm(-1) (Alkenyl C-H & C=C Stretch), 1632 cm(-1) (-COO-), 1414 cm(-1) (-COO-), and 1219 cm(-1) (-CH3CO). Analysis of mucilage by paper chromatography and 1D NMR, indicated the presence of rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and fructose.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2012
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2011
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2011
ABSTRACT Indicators used in titration show well-marked changes of color in certain intervals of p... more ABSTRACT Indicators used in titration show well-marked changes of color in certain intervals of pH. Most of these indicators are organic dyes and are of synthetic origin. The environmental pollution caused by chemical industries in the synthesis of organic dyes had made the scientist in the developing country to enter in to an era, in which plant product serve as an alternative to synthetic products. The advantages of the plant products are local and easy accessibility, environmental friendly nature, and lower price compare to the synthetic products. Herbs are non-polluting renewable supplies of chipper products for the worlds growing population. Natural pigments in plants are highly colored substances and may show color changes with variation of pH. Curcumin isolated from Curcuma longa is as example of natural indicator used in analytical chemistry. Hence the work was carried out to study the indicator property of flowers Cassia aungostifolia Linn., Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum and Thevetia thvetiodes (Kunth) K. Schum from ethanolic extract. It was found that the extract changes the color at different pH and can be used successfully as a compound indicator.
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2012
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2010
Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng belongs to family Lamiaceae and known as country borage in ... more Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng belongs to family Lamiaceae and known as country borage in English. It is large succulent aromatic perennial herb, shrubby below, hispidly villous or tomentose. It is found throughout India, Sri Lanka and Moluccas. The leaves of the plant are bitter, acrid and were being widely used traditionally for various purposes. The present study was therefore carried out to provide requisite pharmacognostic details about the leaf. The leaf was characterized for its physico-chemical properties. The shade dried powder of leaves of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng was subjected to successive extraction using the solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water) in the increasing order of polarity. The preliminary phytochemical analysis and Thin Layer Chromatography has been performed. It was found that the leaves revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids, quinone, tannins, phenolic compounds and terpenoids. The findings will be useful towards establishing pharmacognostic standards for identification, purity, quality and preparation of monograph of the plant.
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... of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Shree HN Shukla Institute of Pharmaceutical Education an... more ... of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Shree HN Shukla Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, C/o BM ... Pharmacognosy and Photochemistry, Part-I. Career Publication, Nasik, Edition 1, 2002: 368-94. ... Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi, Edition 4, 1994: 58-136 15. ...
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Papers by Sudarshan Singh