This study focuses on effectively designing reliable systems. Such systems are capable of withsta... more This study focuses on effectively designing reliable systems. Such systems are capable of withstanding failure events by applying multiple realistic workarounds. These workarounds include allocating redundancy, component reliability, and backup strategy that are considered concurrently as decision variables. In this novel view, the strategy and reliability of components are determined freely and independently to achieve optimality. The research problem is implemented in a general case to audit the capabilities of the proposed approach in realistic situations. This case deploys an Erlang time-to-failure probability density function together with incomplete switching. With its improved reliability and resource functions, the proposed model challenges the existing presumption regarding the superiority of the coldstandby approach in the mentioned field and provides a realistic trade-off between different redundancy strategies. This practical view reflects on reliability, cost, weight, and volume of the switch, simultaneously. The findings revealed that the proposed joint reliability-redundancy allocation problem, with an added freedom of strategy choice, outperforms the pure cold-standby counterpart. Owing to the NP-hard nature of the problem, a simplified particle swarm optimization algorithm is suggested and utilized as a solution method. The performance of the novel view is assessed using multiple benchmark instances including some typical problems from the literature. Our numerical analysis demonstrates the superiority of this approach with our maximum possible index reaching up to %96 compared to the existing results in the past works. Furthermore, the selected solution algorithm is compared with a differential evolution algorithm. We show that this simplified particle swarm optimization algorithm performs considerably better in all tested scenarios.
Culture is a way for organizations to learn environmental factors. There are many definitions for... more Culture is a way for organizations to learn environmental factors. There are many definitions for culture. "Issue of " difference" with the leader of the director, including material that is much discussed in current and most experts believe that leadership is something different from the management
Configuration of a supply chain network is a critical issue that contributes to choose the best c... more Configuration of a supply chain network is a critical issue that contributes to choose the best combination for a set of facilities in order to attain an effective and efficient supply chain management (SCM). Designing a closed-loop distribution network of products is an important field in supply chain network design, which offers a potential factor for reducing costs and improving service quality. In this research, the question concerns a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network design considering suppliers, assembly centers, retailers, customers, collection centers, refurbishing centers, disassembly centers and disposal centers. It aims to design a distribution network based on customers’ needs in order to simultaneously minimize the total cost and total CO2 emission. To tackle the complexity of the problem, a self-adaptive non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) algorithm is designed, which is then evaluated against the ε-constraint method. Furthermore, the performance of the algorithm is then enhanced using the Taguchi design method to tune its parameters. The results indicate that the solution time of the self-adaptive NSGA-II approach performs better than the epsilon constraint method. In terms of the self-adaptive NSGA-II algorithm, the average number of Pareto solutions (NPS) for small and medium-sized problems is 6.2 and 11, respectively. The average mean ideal distance (MID) for small and medium-sized problems is 2.54 and 5.01, respectively. Finally, the average maximum spread (MS) for small and medium-sized problems is 3100.19 and 3692.446, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the proposed self-adaptive NSGA-II is capable of generating efficient Pareto solutions. Moreover, according to the results obtained from sensitivity analysis, it is revealed that with increasing the capacity of distribution centers, the amount of shortage of products decreases. Moreover, as the demand increases, the number of established retailers rises. The number of retailers is increasing to some extent to establish 7 retailers.
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Product Innovation includes any kind of operation that causes manufacturing of new or improved pr... more Product Innovation includes any kind of operation that causes manufacturing of new or improved products. If innovation is determined based on market capacity, we call it incremental innovation, and if it is created based on technological pressure, we label it as radical innovation. And generally we explore innovation into two fields of novelty degree of innovation and novelty in product, service and process. Keywords: Innovation; Classification; Novelty;
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
The location-inventory-routing modeling is an integrated and comprehensive approach to the interc... more The location-inventory-routing modeling is an integrated and comprehensive approach to the interconnected location planning, inventory management, and vehicle routing problems in supply chain management. Supplier selection and order allocation are critical operational and strategic decisions in green supply chains. Green supply chain management is an environmental approach to sourcing and production that considers sustainability in every supply chain stage. In this study, a novel bi-objective mixedinteger linear programming model is formulated to solve the location-inventory-routing problems in green supply chains with low-carbon emissions under uncertainty. The proposed model is used for supplier selection and order allocation by considering the location priorities, heterogeneous vehicle routing, storage needs, uncertain demand, and backorder shortage. The formulated bi-objective model is solved with a weighted fuzzy multi-objective solution approach coupled with a novel intelligent simulation algorithm to ensure the feasibility of the solution space. We generate and solve different-sized problems to demonstrate the applicability and efficacy of the proposed model.
ABSTRACT Production units in today’s world of industry are trying to transport goods with suitabl... more ABSTRACT Production units in today’s world of industry are trying to transport goods with suitably located facilities to reduce their production costs. Rapid changes, furthermore increase uncertainty and ambiguity in the environment. Therefore, the use of mathematical optimization models, using fuzzy approach to locate facilities is of particular importance. This paper is devoted to fuzzy linear programming and a model to locate some new facilities among the existing set of facilities. It also gives a convex solution and formulates the model for fuzzy data by an integer linear programming. This paper then solves the model with an example in order to minimize the total cost related to the placement by assuming step distance among them.
The fast-growing movement of the modern societies shows increasing implementation of operational ... more The fast-growing movement of the modern societies shows increasing implementation of operational projects in the areas of IT in organizational and national levels. And it is special and important because of the very high risks that large projects (and even small ones) experience, so we decided to examine the role of value engineering in the process of project implementation and to deal with it step by step in our project, hence the importance of beginning to define value engineering and its position among the different nations. Finally, we have proposed the expression of different techniques used in value engineering with different phases of expression during the life of IT projects, using techniques based on the proposals presented.
Creating easiness in working process in organizations and creating peace and stable area without ... more Creating easiness in working process in organizations and creating peace and stable area without any inequality, presenting services to citizens of society and increasing quality and efficiency of services along working hours increment in organizations in a way that citizens can access to these services at any time of day or night and at any place is aim and will of human. Now growth and development in communication and information technologies prepare this condition for governments to answer this need of human and implement it. E-city implementation and execution need a set of structures and ultra-structures that governments are charged to comply them for citizens needs. In this article, we try to mention basic needs of E-city implementation and some factors causing better accessibility to these services for citizens. Finally, we present types of services which Europe union have convinced its countries to present them for their citizens along with a set of information about amount of countries electronic preparedness.
International Journal of Production Economics, 2006
In any project, a group of people has to work together. It is very important to have a teamwork t... more In any project, a group of people has to work together. It is very important to have a teamwork that can perform successfully all tasks composing the project. Finding a good team is not easy, because a large number of factors have to be taken into account. Team ...
Despite the growing popularity of the term 'organizational learning," writings on the to... more Despite the growing popularity of the term 'organizational learning," writings on the topic have little consensus in terms of definition, perspective, conceptualization, and methodology. This article examines the dichotomy between two main streams of theorizing in the field. The first stream, prescriptive writings on the learning organization, is concerned with the question "How should an organization learn?" Targeting practitioners, these studies are usually based on the authors' consulting experience and seldom follow rigorous research methodologies. They also tend to overgeneralize their theories to all types of organization. Descriptive researches on organizational learning fall in the second stream which tackles the question "How does an organization learn?" These are academic studies striving for scientific rigor. Nevertheless, they often fail to generate useful implications for practitioners. In the final section of the article, brief suggesti...
International Journal of Management Science and Engineering Management
ABSTRACT Nowadays, there is a great deal of interest in applying sustainability concepts for logi... more ABSTRACT Nowadays, there is a great deal of interest in applying sustainability concepts for logistics and supply chain management. This paper proposes a new multi objective model in the area of closed loop supply chain problem integrated with lot sizing by considering lean, agility and sustainability factors simultaneously. In this regard, responsiveness, environmental, social and economic aspects are regarded in the model in addition to the capacity and service-level constraints. Most importantly, strategic and operational backup decisions are developed to increase the resiliency of the system against disruption of the facilities and routes simultaneously. In the following, a new hybrid metaheuristic algorithm comprised a parallel Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PMOPSO) algorithm and a multi objective social engineering optimizer (MOSEO) is developed to deal with large size problems efficiency. To ensure about the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid algorithm, the results of this algorithm are compared with a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II).
This paper describes the effect of followers to the style of the leadership in Queen’s Model. A f... more This paper describes the effect of followers to the style of the leadership in Queen’s Model. A firm or an organization consists of different sectors, different factors and different human recourses, though they are different in comparison to each other, they are working as a proper function in regards of pushing the organization forward to the edge of the glory. A deep consideration of the elements is the key factor of working sufficiently and every single element is important. One of the elements is the “followers”. They follow, and they are your oxygen tank. Discovering the new ways of success is so thrilling but no one likes drowning! Keywords: Queen Model; Followers; Leadership;
This study focuses on effectively designing reliable systems. Such systems are capable of withsta... more This study focuses on effectively designing reliable systems. Such systems are capable of withstanding failure events by applying multiple realistic workarounds. These workarounds include allocating redundancy, component reliability, and backup strategy that are considered concurrently as decision variables. In this novel view, the strategy and reliability of components are determined freely and independently to achieve optimality. The research problem is implemented in a general case to audit the capabilities of the proposed approach in realistic situations. This case deploys an Erlang time-to-failure probability density function together with incomplete switching. With its improved reliability and resource functions, the proposed model challenges the existing presumption regarding the superiority of the coldstandby approach in the mentioned field and provides a realistic trade-off between different redundancy strategies. This practical view reflects on reliability, cost, weight, and volume of the switch, simultaneously. The findings revealed that the proposed joint reliability-redundancy allocation problem, with an added freedom of strategy choice, outperforms the pure cold-standby counterpart. Owing to the NP-hard nature of the problem, a simplified particle swarm optimization algorithm is suggested and utilized as a solution method. The performance of the novel view is assessed using multiple benchmark instances including some typical problems from the literature. Our numerical analysis demonstrates the superiority of this approach with our maximum possible index reaching up to %96 compared to the existing results in the past works. Furthermore, the selected solution algorithm is compared with a differential evolution algorithm. We show that this simplified particle swarm optimization algorithm performs considerably better in all tested scenarios.
Culture is a way for organizations to learn environmental factors. There are many definitions for... more Culture is a way for organizations to learn environmental factors. There are many definitions for culture. "Issue of " difference" with the leader of the director, including material that is much discussed in current and most experts believe that leadership is something different from the management
Configuration of a supply chain network is a critical issue that contributes to choose the best c... more Configuration of a supply chain network is a critical issue that contributes to choose the best combination for a set of facilities in order to attain an effective and efficient supply chain management (SCM). Designing a closed-loop distribution network of products is an important field in supply chain network design, which offers a potential factor for reducing costs and improving service quality. In this research, the question concerns a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network design considering suppliers, assembly centers, retailers, customers, collection centers, refurbishing centers, disassembly centers and disposal centers. It aims to design a distribution network based on customers’ needs in order to simultaneously minimize the total cost and total CO2 emission. To tackle the complexity of the problem, a self-adaptive non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) algorithm is designed, which is then evaluated against the ε-constraint method. Furthermore, the performance of the algorithm is then enhanced using the Taguchi design method to tune its parameters. The results indicate that the solution time of the self-adaptive NSGA-II approach performs better than the epsilon constraint method. In terms of the self-adaptive NSGA-II algorithm, the average number of Pareto solutions (NPS) for small and medium-sized problems is 6.2 and 11, respectively. The average mean ideal distance (MID) for small and medium-sized problems is 2.54 and 5.01, respectively. Finally, the average maximum spread (MS) for small and medium-sized problems is 3100.19 and 3692.446, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the proposed self-adaptive NSGA-II is capable of generating efficient Pareto solutions. Moreover, according to the results obtained from sensitivity analysis, it is revealed that with increasing the capacity of distribution centers, the amount of shortage of products decreases. Moreover, as the demand increases, the number of established retailers rises. The number of retailers is increasing to some extent to establish 7 retailers.
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Product Innovation includes any kind of operation that causes manufacturing of new or improved pr... more Product Innovation includes any kind of operation that causes manufacturing of new or improved products. If innovation is determined based on market capacity, we call it incremental innovation, and if it is created based on technological pressure, we label it as radical innovation. And generally we explore innovation into two fields of novelty degree of innovation and novelty in product, service and process. Keywords: Innovation; Classification; Novelty;
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
The location-inventory-routing modeling is an integrated and comprehensive approach to the interc... more The location-inventory-routing modeling is an integrated and comprehensive approach to the interconnected location planning, inventory management, and vehicle routing problems in supply chain management. Supplier selection and order allocation are critical operational and strategic decisions in green supply chains. Green supply chain management is an environmental approach to sourcing and production that considers sustainability in every supply chain stage. In this study, a novel bi-objective mixedinteger linear programming model is formulated to solve the location-inventory-routing problems in green supply chains with low-carbon emissions under uncertainty. The proposed model is used for supplier selection and order allocation by considering the location priorities, heterogeneous vehicle routing, storage needs, uncertain demand, and backorder shortage. The formulated bi-objective model is solved with a weighted fuzzy multi-objective solution approach coupled with a novel intelligent simulation algorithm to ensure the feasibility of the solution space. We generate and solve different-sized problems to demonstrate the applicability and efficacy of the proposed model.
ABSTRACT Production units in today’s world of industry are trying to transport goods with suitabl... more ABSTRACT Production units in today’s world of industry are trying to transport goods with suitably located facilities to reduce their production costs. Rapid changes, furthermore increase uncertainty and ambiguity in the environment. Therefore, the use of mathematical optimization models, using fuzzy approach to locate facilities is of particular importance. This paper is devoted to fuzzy linear programming and a model to locate some new facilities among the existing set of facilities. It also gives a convex solution and formulates the model for fuzzy data by an integer linear programming. This paper then solves the model with an example in order to minimize the total cost related to the placement by assuming step distance among them.
The fast-growing movement of the modern societies shows increasing implementation of operational ... more The fast-growing movement of the modern societies shows increasing implementation of operational projects in the areas of IT in organizational and national levels. And it is special and important because of the very high risks that large projects (and even small ones) experience, so we decided to examine the role of value engineering in the process of project implementation and to deal with it step by step in our project, hence the importance of beginning to define value engineering and its position among the different nations. Finally, we have proposed the expression of different techniques used in value engineering with different phases of expression during the life of IT projects, using techniques based on the proposals presented.
Creating easiness in working process in organizations and creating peace and stable area without ... more Creating easiness in working process in organizations and creating peace and stable area without any inequality, presenting services to citizens of society and increasing quality and efficiency of services along working hours increment in organizations in a way that citizens can access to these services at any time of day or night and at any place is aim and will of human. Now growth and development in communication and information technologies prepare this condition for governments to answer this need of human and implement it. E-city implementation and execution need a set of structures and ultra-structures that governments are charged to comply them for citizens needs. In this article, we try to mention basic needs of E-city implementation and some factors causing better accessibility to these services for citizens. Finally, we present types of services which Europe union have convinced its countries to present them for their citizens along with a set of information about amount of countries electronic preparedness.
International Journal of Production Economics, 2006
In any project, a group of people has to work together. It is very important to have a teamwork t... more In any project, a group of people has to work together. It is very important to have a teamwork that can perform successfully all tasks composing the project. Finding a good team is not easy, because a large number of factors have to be taken into account. Team ...
Despite the growing popularity of the term 'organizational learning," writings on the to... more Despite the growing popularity of the term 'organizational learning," writings on the topic have little consensus in terms of definition, perspective, conceptualization, and methodology. This article examines the dichotomy between two main streams of theorizing in the field. The first stream, prescriptive writings on the learning organization, is concerned with the question "How should an organization learn?" Targeting practitioners, these studies are usually based on the authors' consulting experience and seldom follow rigorous research methodologies. They also tend to overgeneralize their theories to all types of organization. Descriptive researches on organizational learning fall in the second stream which tackles the question "How does an organization learn?" These are academic studies striving for scientific rigor. Nevertheless, they often fail to generate useful implications for practitioners. In the final section of the article, brief suggesti...
International Journal of Management Science and Engineering Management
ABSTRACT Nowadays, there is a great deal of interest in applying sustainability concepts for logi... more ABSTRACT Nowadays, there is a great deal of interest in applying sustainability concepts for logistics and supply chain management. This paper proposes a new multi objective model in the area of closed loop supply chain problem integrated with lot sizing by considering lean, agility and sustainability factors simultaneously. In this regard, responsiveness, environmental, social and economic aspects are regarded in the model in addition to the capacity and service-level constraints. Most importantly, strategic and operational backup decisions are developed to increase the resiliency of the system against disruption of the facilities and routes simultaneously. In the following, a new hybrid metaheuristic algorithm comprised a parallel Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PMOPSO) algorithm and a multi objective social engineering optimizer (MOSEO) is developed to deal with large size problems efficiency. To ensure about the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid algorithm, the results of this algorithm are compared with a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II).
This paper describes the effect of followers to the style of the leadership in Queen’s Model. A f... more This paper describes the effect of followers to the style of the leadership in Queen’s Model. A firm or an organization consists of different sectors, different factors and different human recourses, though they are different in comparison to each other, they are working as a proper function in regards of pushing the organization forward to the edge of the glory. A deep consideration of the elements is the key factor of working sufficiently and every single element is important. One of the elements is the “followers”. They follow, and they are your oxygen tank. Discovering the new ways of success is so thrilling but no one likes drowning! Keywords: Queen Model; Followers; Leadership;
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