Papers by Dr. Ioannis Haranas
PrPh, Apr 1, 2010
The prime-number counting function π(n), which is significant in the prime number theorem, is der... more The prime-number counting function π(n), which is significant in the prime number theorem, is derived by analyzing the region of convergence of the real-part of the Riemann-Zeta function using the unilateral z-transform. In order to satisfy the stability criteria of the z-transform, it is found that the real part of the Riemann-Zeta function must converge to the prime-counting function.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
: Even though the promising therapies against cancer are rapidly improved, the oncology patients ... more : Even though the promising therapies against cancer are rapidly improved, the oncology patients population has seen exponential growth, placing cancer in 5th place among the ten deadliest diseases. Efficient drug delivery systems must overcome multiple barriers and maximize drug delivery to the target tumors, limiting the side effects simultaneously. Since the first observation of the quantum tunneling phenomenon, many multidisciplinary studies have offered quantum-inspired solutions to optimized tumor mapping and efficient nanodrug design. The property of a wave function to propagate through a potential barrier offer the capability of obtaining 3D surface profiles using imaging of individual atoms on the surface of a material. The application of quantum tunneling on a scanning tunneling microscope offers an exact surface roughness mapping of tumors and pharmaceutical particles. Critical elements to cancer nanotherapeutics apply the fractal theory and calculate the fractal dimension for efficient tumor surface imaging at the atomic level. This review study presents the latest biological approaches to cancer management based on fractal geometry.
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Alzheimer's Disease, 2021
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2017
A Paris system-based implant approach has been used to improve the bio-heat distribution from imp... more A Paris system-based implant approach has been used to improve the bio-heat distribution from implanted gold rods in insonated tissues. Experiments with single-plane implants using parallel equidistant 1.018 ± 0.015 cm height and 0.136 ± 0.001 cm diameter 24-K gold rods) arranged in triangular and square shapes were performed in Mus musculus white mice (medial dorsal region). The mice were anesthetized and gold rods were implanted by means of a trocar needle and the implanted region was insonated with a 4-cm diameter transducer oscillating with a nominal frequency of 1 MHz and power of about 75 W. Intramuscular tissue temperature measurements were recorded using implantable needle type thermocouples affixed to a portable Fluke thermometer. Superficial tissue temperature profile was also measured with a FLIR infrared camera and thermographic analysis was performed using the ImageJ computer software. In both cases, the central implant planes have been assigned to that approximately bi...
Medical Physics, 2016
PURPOSE To determine the breakeven points in fresh commercial meat and in vivo mice using the tis... more PURPOSE To determine the breakeven points in fresh commercial meat and in vivo mice using the tissue temperature enhancement pattern. METHODS A 1 cm length and 0.1 cm diameter gold rod were implanted in fresh chicken breast, beef, fish, in vivo Mus Musculus white mice (medial dorsal region) and insonated with ultrasound. The temperature enhancement of gold rods was measured with a needle type thermistor over a temperature range from 35-50 oC. From these results the breakeven points were determined by plotting the gold rod temperature versus ultrasound exposure time and determining the interception point of two curves fitted by a linear regression of thermal response above and below 43 °C. RESULTS The linear correlation coefficients for all fitted curves lie within 0.97 and 0.99. The breakeven points were found to be the same for all kinds of fresh meat (fish = 42.1 ±1.1, chicken breast = 42.3 ±0.9, beef = 42.6 ±0.8) and in vivo Mus Musculus white mice (43.3 ±0.6). These temperatures agree with the standardized value (e.g. equivalent minutes at 43 °C) for comparison of thermal treatments (Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 2003 June 2; 4954: 37). CONCLUSION The interception of the thermal response curves above and below 43 °C may be used as a fast method and useful dosimetric tool in clinical research.
Medical Physics, 2016
PURPOSE To apply the Paris system-based implant for an uniform bio-heat distribution from implant... more PURPOSE To apply the Paris system-based implant for an uniform bio-heat distribution from implanted gold rods in tissue insonated with ultrasound. METHODS Experiments with single-plane implants using parallel equidistant 1.018 ± 0.015 cm height and 0.136 ± 0.001 cm diameter 24-K gold rods) arranged in triangular and square shapes were performed in Mus Musculus white mice (medial dorsal region). The mice were anesthetized and gold rods were implanted by means of a trocar needle and the implanted region was insonated with a 4-cm diameter transducer oscillating with a nominal frequency of 1 MHz and power of about 75 W. Intramuscular tissue temperature measurements were taken using implantable needle type thermocouples affixed to a portable Fluke thermometer. Superficial tissue temperature profile was also measured with a FLIR infrared camera and thermographic analysis were performed using the ImageJ computer software. In both cases, the central implant planes have been assigned to that approximately bisects all the implanted rods. RESULTS Measured with the needle type thermistor, for the triangular implant, the percentage deviation between the maximum and minimum temperature within the triangular plane was 5%. For a square shape, this percentage deviation was 6%. The thermographic analysis have shown a deviation of 3% and 5% for the triangular and square shapes, respectively. CONCLUSION Based on the temperature measurements with needle type thermistor and thermographic analysis, the Paris system-based implant approach for gold rods implanted in tissue and exposed to ultrasound may greatly improve the bio-heat propagation and sustain a constant temperature profile inside triangular and square patterns formed by gold rods implants. Additionally, the Paris system may minimize ablations areas and treatment length in hyperthermia if used in cancer tumor treatment.
Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark
While frailty corresponds to a multisystem failure, geriatric assessment can recognize multiple p... more While frailty corresponds to a multisystem failure, geriatric assessment can recognize multiple pathophysiological lesions and age changes. Up to now, a few frailty indexes have been introduced, presenting definitions of psychological problems, dysregulations in nutritional intake, behavioral abnormalities, and daily functions, genetic, environmental, and cardiovascular comorbidities. The geriatric evaluation includes a vast range of health professionals; therefore, we describe a broad range of applications and frailty scales-biomarkers to investigate and formulate the relationship between frailty lesions, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Additionally, artificial intelligence applications and computational tools are presented, targeting a more efficacy individualized geriatric management of healthy aging.
Understanding how the brain encodes information and performs computation requires statistical and... more Understanding how the brain encodes information and performs computation requires statistical and functional analysis. Given the complexity of the human brain, simple methods that facilitate the interpretation of statistical correlations among different brain regions can be very useful. In this report we introduce a numerical correlation measure that may serve the interpretation of correlational neuronal data, and may assist in the evaluation of different brain states. The description of the dynamical brain system, through a global numerical measure may indicate the presence of an action principle which may facilitate a application of physics principles in the study of the human brain and cognition
Fractals are defined as geometric shapes that exhibit symmetry of scale. This simply implies that... more Fractals are defined as geometric shapes that exhibit symmetry of scale. This simply implies that fractal is a shape that it would still look the same even if somebody could zoom in on one of its parts an infinite number of times. This property is also called self-similarity with several applications including nano pharmacology and drug nano carriers. We are interested in the study of the properties of fractal aggregates in a microgravity environment above an orbiting spacecraft. To model the effect we use a complete expression for the gravitational acceleration. In particular on the surface of the Earth the acceleration is corrected for the effect of oblateness and rotation. In the gravitational acceleration the effect of oblateness can be modeled with the inclusion of a term that contains the J2 harmonic coefficient, as well as a term that depends on the square of angular velocity of the Earth. In orbit the acceleration of gravity at the point of the spacecraft is a function of th...
Using a yukawa type of metric we derive the kretschmann scalar for a general static black hole of... more Using a yukawa type of metric we derive the kretschmann scalar for a general static black hole of a certain mass. The scalar gives the curvature of the space time as a function of the radial distance in the vicinity as well as inside of the black hole. Furthermore, the kretschmann scalar helps us understand the appearance of the black hole as a whole entity. It can be applied in solar mass size black holes, neutron stars or super massive black holes at the center of various galaxies. In an effort to investigate the connection of geometry to entropy and information, the kretschmann scalar for a solar mass yukawa schwarzschild and simple schwarzschild black holes are derived. Moreover, the dependence of the curvature on the entropy and number of information in nats is derived.
Gravitational and Space Research, 2013
In this paper we use Nace’s previous work in order to model the effects of gravity in cells and s... more In this paper we use Nace’s previous work in order to model the effects of gravity in cells and similar objects. In the presence of the gravitational field of a primary body, the gravity vector can result in numerous effects, some of which are tension, shear, and finally torque. To model the torque effect we use a complete expression for the gravitational acceleration, as this is given on the surface of a planetary body as well as in orbit around it. In particular, on the surface of the Earth the acceleration is corrected for the effect of oblateness and rotation. In the gravitational acceleration the effect of oblateness can be modeled with the inclusion of a term that contains the J 2 harmonic coefficient, as well as a term that depends on the square of angular velocity of the Earth. In orbit the acceleration of gravity at the point of the spacecraft is a function of the orbital elements and includes, only in our case, the J 2 harmonic since no Coriolis force is felt by the spacec...
European Journal of Applied Physics, 2021
According to Landauer’s principle, the energy of a particle may be used to record or erase N numb... more According to Landauer’s principle, the energy of a particle may be used to record or erase N number of information bits within the thermal bath. The maximum number of information N recorded by the particle in the heat bath is found to be inversely proportional to its temperature T. If at least one bit of information is transferred from the particle to the medium, then the particle might exchange information with the medium. Therefore for at least one bit of information, the limiting mass that can carry or transform information assuming a temperature T= 2.73 K is equal to m = 4.718´10-40 kg which is many orders of magnitude smaller that the masse of most of today’s elementary particles. Next, using the corresponding temperature of a graviton relic and assuming at least one bit of information the corresponding graviton mass is calculated and from that, a relation for the number of information N carried by a graviton as a function of the graviton mass mgr is derived. Furthermore, the r...
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2017
Revista Mexicana de Física, 2018
Weintend to use the description oftheelectron orbital trajectory in the de Broglie-Bohm (dBB) the... more Weintend to use the description oftheelectron orbital trajectory in the de Broglie-Bohm (dBB) theory to assimilate to a geodesiccorresponding to the General Relativity (GR) and get from itphysicalconclusions. ThedBBapproachindicatesustheexistenceof a non-local quantumfield (correspondingwiththequantumpotential), anelectromagneticfield and a comparativelyveryweakgravitatoryfield, togetherwith a translationkineticenergyofelectron. Ifweadmitthatthosefields and kineticenergy can deformthespace time, according to Einstein'sfield equations (and to avoidtheviolationoftheequivalenceprinciple as well), we can madethehypothesisthatthegeodesicsof this space-time deformation coincide withtheorbitsbelonging to thedBBapproach (hypothesisthat is coherentwiththestabilityofmatter). Fromit, we deduce a general equation that relates thecomponentsofthemetric tensor. Thenwe find anappropriatemetric for it, bymodificationofanexactsolutionofEinstein'sfield equations, whichcorresponds to dust in cy...
Biological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Advances in Alzheimer's Disease, 2019
A large number of neurodegenerative diseases, the age-related dementia, and the human frailty are... more A large number of neurodegenerative diseases, the age-related dementia, and the human frailty are caused, among others, from non-folding proteins and the aggregation of them leading to neuronal death. In the case of Alzheimer’s disease, a significant number of proteins like amyloid beta and tau seem to form unordered and problematic structures, leading through unknown mechanisms to pathological conditions and implications. Additionally, few studies have already shown the possibility of composing music sculptures retrieved from biological data, either for music audience or for cases of art therapy. In this study, we use a novel algorithm in order to present complex sound sculptures based on a hypothetical computerized interaction of amyloid beta and tau. The designed algorithm is completely adjustable, regarding several sound parameters, recognizing and emphasizing common patterns between the tested proteins for the generation of acoustic stimulus to the audience, and revealing Alzheimer’s complexity and tragedy.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2017
Gravitational and Space Research, 2015
The mechanical and thermodynamical effects of gravity should be present in various cell systems w... more The mechanical and thermodynamical effects of gravity should be present in various cell systems where large objects such as plastids move from cell to cell or ribosomes within cells. Furthermore, in the presence of the gravitational field of a primary body i.e. a planet the gravity vector can result to numerous effects some of which are tension, shear and finally torque. In this paper, we study the mechanical/thermodynamical effects of cell by extending Nace’s torque model. On the surface of the Earth we correct gravity for oblateness and rotation. Similarly, in orbit around Earth the J2 harmonic is included. We derive analytical expressions and study the resulting torque effects for various geocentric latitudes as well as circular and elliptical orbits of various eccentricities and inclinations. We find that elliptical polar orbits result to higher torques, and that high eccentricities increase the torque effects in cells drastically. Finally, we propose the use of quartz electroni...
The proposal for dark energy based on Type Ia Supernovae redshift is examined. It is found that t... more The proposal for dark energy based on Type Ia Supernovae redshift is examined. It is found that the linear and non-Linear portions in the Hubble Redshift are easily explained by the use of the Hubble Sphere model, where two interacting Hubble spheres sharing a common mass-energy density result in a decrease in energy as a function of distance from the object being viewed. Interpreting the non-linear portion of the redshift curve as a decrease in interacting volume between neighboring Hubble Spheres removes the need for a dark energy.
For a two-body system, we derive expressions for the secular, long periodic and high frequency ef... more For a two-body system, we derive expressions for the secular, long periodic and high frequency effects caused on to the semi-major axis of the secondary body due to the emission of gravitational waves. This is possible by considering the time rate of change of the total energy of the system, and substituting for the energy loss due the emission of gravitational waves. Next, we convert the time rate of change of the semimajor axis as a function of the orbital elements using standard a celestial mechanics approach, where the inverse powers or the orbital radial vector r is written as a function of the orbital elements with the help of the eccentricity functions G(e). We apply our result to Mercury/Sun system, and the secular time rate of change of the semi-major axis has been found to be the order -1.66010-12 m/y. In the case where the primary is a super massive black hole (SBH) the secular semimajor axis time rate of change of the secondary of eccentricity 0.9 is equal to -23 m/y. I...
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Papers by Dr. Ioannis Haranas