The attention for the replacement of peat in growing substrates is increasing due to its environm... more The attention for the replacement of peat in growing substrates is increasing due to its environmental and economic advantages. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of peat substitution by new type olive mill pomace and its compost on the vegetative activity of potted olive trees. A new type of humid pomace (hP) derived from an innovative two phase extraction system and its derived compost (C-hP) are used as total or partial (50% vol/vol) replacement of peat in olive growing substrate. The main chemical characteristics (moisture, water extractable organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio and electrical conductivity) of the hP and C-hP were measured. In order to evaluate the effects of the peat substitution on the plants vegetative activity, measurements of mortality, plant height, leaf net photosynthesis and plant growth (through final destructive measurements) were carried out. The use of hP resulted in a significant increase of the salinity of the substrate. The water extractable organic carbon concentration was higher in all substrates where peat was ewplaced and in particular when C-hP was used. The total replacement of peat with hP caused 100% mortality of the plants while C-hP can substitute peat up to 50% without causing a significative reduction of the final plant growth.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Dec 23, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Selenium (Se) is not essential for plant nutrition, however, growing evidence suggests a role of ... more Selenium (Se) is not essential for plant nutrition, however, growing evidence suggests a role of this element against oxidative stress. Here, we investigated the antioxidant effect of Se in an experimental system consisting of suspensions of olive callus cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Due to the disruptive capacity of oxidative stress on cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis, Se treatments were simply and effectively assessed with cytosolic Ca2+ measurements. Se did not alter cell morphology, nor interfered with fluorometric determinations, suggesting a suitable model for monitoring alterations of cytosolic Ca2+. Furthermore, we used thapsigargin (TG), a known inhibitor of the Ca2+-ATPases of the endoplasmic reticulum, to establish whether Se had a specific impact on oxidative stress. We found that Se antagonized H2O2-mediated perturbations of cytosolic Ca2+, but was unable to offset TG-mediated disruptions. We conclude that Se merits consideration in strategies designed to tackle abiotic...
activity were tested with SDS-PAGE and the single bands characterized by proteomic analysis. PMR ... more activity were tested with SDS-PAGE and the single bands characterized by proteomic analysis. PMR showed high Ca 2+-chelating activity and is able of blocking the increase Ca 2+-cytosolic produced by thapsigargin (TG). PMR then restored Ca 2+ homeostasis in PJ-15 cells deregulated by the endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPases inhibitor. It is therefore possible that PMR can antagonize the effects of allergens on Ca 2+ cytosolic. The analytical characterization of the material released by the pollen highlighted in the pollen allergen Ole e 3 and in the p-coumaric acid the possible culprits of the Ca 2+-antagonist activity of PMR. Furthermore, the sequence of Ole e 3 could provide information for the possible construction of a synthetic peptide to be used in an allergy-targeted Ca 2+-antagonist therapy.
Olive tree (Olea europaea L) represents one of the most important evergreen tree species. In Sici... more Olive tree (Olea europaea L) represents one of the most important evergreen tree species. In Sicily agroforestry systems based on the olive tree, named traditional olive orchard, are common and often are grown together to other tree crops, such as vineyards, or with cereals or forages. This last are usually grown in the interspace between rows and particularly in olive groves were planting density is rather low (less than 200 trees/ha). To increase crop efficiency and to reduce costs of harvesting, by using proper machines, in the last 20 years in the olive industry have been developed new planting systems: Intensive (up to 400 trees/ha), and the Superintensive (up to 2000 trees/ha). Within the project LIFE15 OLIVE4CLIMATE has been evaluated the balance, in terms of biomass and of carbon sequestration, for the above olive orchard systems. The biomass of orchard was evaluated both in the above- and in the below-ground tree components. The dry matter of the vegetation removed by pruning was evaluated as well. The enlargement of trunk cross sectional area, the dry matter accumulated in the cover crop and the root biomass were measured as well. By the data currently collected resulted that carbon sequestration efficiency in the Traditional olive orchards is greater than in the Superintensive ones and this, affects the carbon sequestration efficiency in the two orchard systems studied
Pruning is an important horticultural practice for the management of olive orchards (Olea europae... more Pruning is an important horticultural practice for the management of olive orchards (Olea europaea L.) that generates a considerable amount of residues every year. Olive orchards are increasingly expanding beyond the Mediterranean Basin to new growing Countries (Australia, California, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay) and this will certainly lead to larger availability of pruning material. Currently, the interest in use of olive tree pruning residues for energy purposes is increasing but unfortunately, the information on the differences among organs of the tree, in terms of calorific value and ash content, is scarce. Another unknown aspect is the effect of cultivar vigour on dry matter partition among different tree organs, these are important traits to establish the energetic quality of pruning residues. The aim of this research was to study energetic aspects of six olive cultivars, largely grown in the Sicilian olive industry and characterized by different vigour. The trees taken into...
Micropropagation is an in vitro propagation technique, established in the nursery field sector fo... more Micropropagation is an in vitro propagation technique, established in the nursery field sector for numerous species, which offers several advantages compared to traditional agamic propagation techniques. In the case of the olive tree, however, despite the advances made through research, it is still little used, due to the recalcitrance to in vitro proliferation and/or rooting of many olive cultivars and the high cost of zeatin, the only cytokinin that makes it possible to achieve a satisfactory proliferation rate in this species. In this context, numerous attempts have been made to identify alternative cytokinin compounds able to improve the proliferation rate of olive tree explants and thus reduce the unitary production cost. In particular, there is a growing interest in the use of natural substances (called in some cases “complex mixtures”), which, when added to the in vitro cultivation substrates, seem to be able to improve proliferation rates. In the present study, neem oil was ...
The attention for the replacement of peat in growing substrates is increasing due to its environm... more The attention for the replacement of peat in growing substrates is increasing due to its environmental and economic advantages. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of peat substitution by new type olive mill pomace and its compost on the vegetative activity of potted olive trees. A new type of humid pomace (hP) derived from an innovative two phase extraction system and its derived compost (C-hP) are used as total or partial (50% vol/vol) replacement of peat in olive growing substrate. The main chemical characteristics (moisture, water extractable organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio and electrical conductivity) of the hP and C-hP were measured. In order to evaluate the effects of the peat substitution on the plants vegetative activity, measurements of mortality, plant height, leaf net photosynthesis and plant growth (through final destructive measurements) were carried out. The use of hP resulted in a significant increase of the salinity of the substrate. The water extractable organic carbon concentration was higher in all substrates where peat was ewplaced and in particular when C-hP was used. The total replacement of peat with hP caused 100% mortality of the plants while C-hP can substitute peat up to 50% without causing a significative reduction of the final plant growth.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Dec 23, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Selenium (Se) is not essential for plant nutrition, however, growing evidence suggests a role of ... more Selenium (Se) is not essential for plant nutrition, however, growing evidence suggests a role of this element against oxidative stress. Here, we investigated the antioxidant effect of Se in an experimental system consisting of suspensions of olive callus cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Due to the disruptive capacity of oxidative stress on cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis, Se treatments were simply and effectively assessed with cytosolic Ca2+ measurements. Se did not alter cell morphology, nor interfered with fluorometric determinations, suggesting a suitable model for monitoring alterations of cytosolic Ca2+. Furthermore, we used thapsigargin (TG), a known inhibitor of the Ca2+-ATPases of the endoplasmic reticulum, to establish whether Se had a specific impact on oxidative stress. We found that Se antagonized H2O2-mediated perturbations of cytosolic Ca2+, but was unable to offset TG-mediated disruptions. We conclude that Se merits consideration in strategies designed to tackle abiotic...
activity were tested with SDS-PAGE and the single bands characterized by proteomic analysis. PMR ... more activity were tested with SDS-PAGE and the single bands characterized by proteomic analysis. PMR showed high Ca 2+-chelating activity and is able of blocking the increase Ca 2+-cytosolic produced by thapsigargin (TG). PMR then restored Ca 2+ homeostasis in PJ-15 cells deregulated by the endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPases inhibitor. It is therefore possible that PMR can antagonize the effects of allergens on Ca 2+ cytosolic. The analytical characterization of the material released by the pollen highlighted in the pollen allergen Ole e 3 and in the p-coumaric acid the possible culprits of the Ca 2+-antagonist activity of PMR. Furthermore, the sequence of Ole e 3 could provide information for the possible construction of a synthetic peptide to be used in an allergy-targeted Ca 2+-antagonist therapy.
Olive tree (Olea europaea L) represents one of the most important evergreen tree species. In Sici... more Olive tree (Olea europaea L) represents one of the most important evergreen tree species. In Sicily agroforestry systems based on the olive tree, named traditional olive orchard, are common and often are grown together to other tree crops, such as vineyards, or with cereals or forages. This last are usually grown in the interspace between rows and particularly in olive groves were planting density is rather low (less than 200 trees/ha). To increase crop efficiency and to reduce costs of harvesting, by using proper machines, in the last 20 years in the olive industry have been developed new planting systems: Intensive (up to 400 trees/ha), and the Superintensive (up to 2000 trees/ha). Within the project LIFE15 OLIVE4CLIMATE has been evaluated the balance, in terms of biomass and of carbon sequestration, for the above olive orchard systems. The biomass of orchard was evaluated both in the above- and in the below-ground tree components. The dry matter of the vegetation removed by pruning was evaluated as well. The enlargement of trunk cross sectional area, the dry matter accumulated in the cover crop and the root biomass were measured as well. By the data currently collected resulted that carbon sequestration efficiency in the Traditional olive orchards is greater than in the Superintensive ones and this, affects the carbon sequestration efficiency in the two orchard systems studied
Pruning is an important horticultural practice for the management of olive orchards (Olea europae... more Pruning is an important horticultural practice for the management of olive orchards (Olea europaea L.) that generates a considerable amount of residues every year. Olive orchards are increasingly expanding beyond the Mediterranean Basin to new growing Countries (Australia, California, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay) and this will certainly lead to larger availability of pruning material. Currently, the interest in use of olive tree pruning residues for energy purposes is increasing but unfortunately, the information on the differences among organs of the tree, in terms of calorific value and ash content, is scarce. Another unknown aspect is the effect of cultivar vigour on dry matter partition among different tree organs, these are important traits to establish the energetic quality of pruning residues. The aim of this research was to study energetic aspects of six olive cultivars, largely grown in the Sicilian olive industry and characterized by different vigour. The trees taken into...
Micropropagation is an in vitro propagation technique, established in the nursery field sector fo... more Micropropagation is an in vitro propagation technique, established in the nursery field sector for numerous species, which offers several advantages compared to traditional agamic propagation techniques. In the case of the olive tree, however, despite the advances made through research, it is still little used, due to the recalcitrance to in vitro proliferation and/or rooting of many olive cultivars and the high cost of zeatin, the only cytokinin that makes it possible to achieve a satisfactory proliferation rate in this species. In this context, numerous attempts have been made to identify alternative cytokinin compounds able to improve the proliferation rate of olive tree explants and thus reduce the unitary production cost. In particular, there is a growing interest in the use of natural substances (called in some cases “complex mixtures”), which, when added to the in vitro cultivation substrates, seem to be able to improve proliferation rates. In the present study, neem oil was ...
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